CN113896928A - 一种全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN113896928A
CN113896928A CN202111087791.2A CN202111087791A CN113896928A CN 113896928 A CN113896928 A CN 113896928A CN 202111087791 A CN202111087791 A CN 202111087791A CN 113896928 A CN113896928 A CN 113896928A
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张维
闫晓宇
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Hangzhou Long Beach Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜及其制备方法，一种全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜，包括聚合物薄膜基材，还包括亲水性高分子聚合物复合材料涂层膜，所述亲水性高分子聚合物复合材料涂层膜包括如下质量分数的组分：亲水性高分子聚合物8‑20％，吸湿剂2‑8％，铸膜溶剂60％‑85％，其余为水。相对于现有技术，本申请制备方法的优点在于：1)本申请的制备方法操作简单，节省成本，2)采用本申请制备方法制备得到的全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜具有较好的水蒸气透过率和导热性，3)采用本申请制备方法制备得到的全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜比现有市场上的阻气传湿膜效果好。

Description

一种全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于高分子聚合物复合材料的制备领域，具体涉及一种全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前新风机的全热交换芯大多采用高导热纸芯和高导热高分子芯两种，其中高导热纸芯采用高导热填料加入到纸浆中，提高纸芯的全热交换效率；高导热高分子芯以树脂和高导热填料为原料，以不同方法成型制备全热交换膜，提高高分子芯的全热交换效率。但其制作过程复杂繁琐，还存在主要的两个缺点：1.导热填料与基材均匀复合，尽管提高了一定的显热交换效率，但是导热填料会堵塞微孔，影响水分子透过，降低潜热交换效率。2.导热填料使用量不易控制，过少不易形成网格，过多也易减小膜使用寿命。
申请号为CN201610913834.0的中国专利公开了一种全热交换膜，该全热交换膜采用的是亲水性的导热多孔结构膜作为涂覆基材，具体包括导热亲水多孔结构膜以及涂敷在该导热亲水多孔结构膜上的亲水性高分子复合材料；其中，所述导热亲水多孔结构膜主要由导热亲水复合纤维通过无纺布工艺或压合工艺制成，所述导热亲水复合纤维包括亲水性纤维和高导热填料，所述高导热填料的含量为导热亲水多孔结构膜总重量的3-10％，所述亲水性高分子复合材料包括亲水性高分子材料和填料。但这种亲水性基材虽然能提高潜热效率，但不易清洗吹干及多次重复使用，易生霉菌。因此，市场需要一种全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜，其在不降低潜热交换效率和显热交换效率的前提下，制备方法简单，可以有效防霉防菌，方便清洗吹干，并且可以多次重复使用，延长全热交换芯的使用寿命。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的问题，本申请提供了一种全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜。
一种全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜，包括聚合物薄膜基材，还包括亲水性高分子聚合物复合材料涂层膜，所述亲水性高分子聚合物复合材料涂层膜包括如下质量分数的组分：亲水性高分子聚合物8-20％，吸湿剂2-8％，铸膜溶剂60％-85％，其余为水。
作为进一步改进方案，所述亲水性高分子聚合物为醋酸纤维素、聚乙二醇、聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酸、聚丙烯酸酰胺、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和聚酰胺中的一种或多种的混合，所述吸湿剂为无机盐，所述铸膜溶剂为易挥发溶剂。
作为进一步改进方案，所述的聚合物薄膜基材为高导热多孔结构聚合物薄膜基材。
作为进一步改进方案，所述无机盐为氯化锂、氯化钙或硫酸钾。
作为进一步改进方案，所述易挥发溶剂为乙酸或N,N-二甲基甲酰胺。
第二方面，本发明还提供了一种全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜的制备方法，包括如下步骤：将亲水性高分子聚合物、吸湿剂、铸膜溶剂和水混合溶解，50℃搅拌均匀，脱泡静置得到铸膜液，将铸膜液倒在聚合物薄膜基材上，控制聚合物薄膜基材上的膜厚度20-100μm，在空气中静置2min，然后放入去离子水中10min，待膜在基材上固定成一体后用去离子水清洗，然后再用去离子水浸泡25h去除溶剂，放入鼓风干燥箱，60℃干燥12h，形成全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜。
作为进一步改进方案，所述的制备方法包括如下步骤：将亲水性高分子聚合物、吸湿剂、铸膜溶剂和水混合溶解，50℃搅拌均匀，脱泡静置得到铸膜液，将铸膜液倒在聚合物薄膜基材上，基材贴在玻璃板上固定，控制基材上的膜厚度20-100μm，在空气中静置2min，然后放入去离子水中10min，待膜在基材上固定成一体后用去离子水清洗，然后再用去离子水浸泡25h去除溶剂，放入鼓风干燥箱，60℃干燥12h，形成全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜。
第三方面，本发明提供了一种全热交换芯，包括上述所述的阻气传湿膜。
第四方面，本发明还提供了一种全热交换器，包括所述的全热交换芯。
下面对本发明做详细说明：
本发明提供一种操作简单，节省成本的全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜的制备方法。
本发明采用高导热多孔结构聚合物薄膜(即高导热多孔结构薄膜)作为基材(所述高导热多孔结构聚合物薄膜主要由非亲水性多孔结构通过拉伸工艺制成，该高导热多孔结构聚合物薄膜可从市场上购买得到，亦或者通过现有公知制备工艺制备得到，再在该基材上涂覆亲水性高分子聚合物复合材料形成全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜。
所述全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜包括高导热多孔结构聚合物薄膜基材和亲水性高分子聚合物复合材料涂层膜两部分，所述亲水性高分子聚合物复合材料涂层膜由亲水性高分子聚合物和吸湿剂和铸膜溶剂制备得到。
所述亲水性高分子聚合物包括醋酸纤维素，聚乙二醇，聚乙烯醇，聚丙烯酸，聚丙烯酸酰胺，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和聚酰胺中的一种或多种的混合等。所述吸湿剂包括氯化锂，氯化钙，硫酸钾等无机盐。所述铸膜溶剂为乙酸，N,N-二甲基甲酰胺等易挥发溶剂。
其中亲水性高分子聚合物优选比例8-20％，吸湿剂优选2-8％，铸膜溶剂优选60％-85％。
与现有专利申请(CN201610913834.0)相比，本申请没有加入碳一类的导热性能好的物质作为填料；而且现有专利申请中的填料指的是石墨烯，碳纤维等一些碳类起到导热作用的化学成分物质，但这种物质加入必然造成传湿的影响。
相对于现有技术，本申请制备方法的优点在于：1)本申请的制备方法操作简单，节省成本，2)采用本申请制备方法制备得到的全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜具有较好的水蒸气透过率和导热性，3)
采用本申请制备方法制备得到的全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜比现有市场上的阻气传湿膜效果好。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜的制备方法，包括：
10g醋酸纤维素置入烧杯中，加入5gLiCl，溶于乙酸溶液，乙酸溶液中乙酸60g，去离子水25g。50℃搅拌均匀，脱泡静置。配置的铸膜液倒在高导热多孔结构薄膜基材上，基材贴在玻璃板上固定，控制在基材上的刮膜厚度20μm。空气中静置2min，然后放入去离子水中10min，待膜在基材上固定成一体，将基材从玻璃板上取出，并用去离子水清洗。然后再用去离子水浸泡25h去除溶剂，放入鼓风干燥箱，60℃干燥12h，形成全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜。
对上述全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜进行水蒸气透过率测试，依据国标GB1037-88，在测试温度36℃，相对湿度95％的条件下，得到水蒸气透过率为2588g·24h/m2。
对上述全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜进行导热性能测试，导热系数为1.969W/(m·K)。
实施例2
一种全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜的制备方法，包括：
8g聚酰胺放置于烧杯中，加入2g硫酸钾，溶于DMF溶液。其中，DMF85g，去离子水5g。50℃搅拌均匀，脱泡静置。配置的铸膜液倒在高导热多孔结构薄膜基材上，基材贴在玻璃板上固定，控制在基材上的刮膜厚度100μm。空气中静置2min，然后放入去离子水中10min，待膜在基材上固定成一体，将基材从玻璃板上取出，并用去离子水清洗。然后再用去离子水浸泡25h去除溶剂，放入鼓风干燥箱，60℃干燥12h，形成全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜。
对上述全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜进行水蒸气透过率测试，依据国标GB1037-88，在测试温度36℃，相对湿度95％的条件下，得到水蒸气透过率为2864g·24h/m2。
对上述全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜进行导热性能测试，导热系数为2.012W/(m·K)。
实施例3
一种全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜的制备方法，包括：
20g聚乙烯吡咯烷酮置入烧杯中，加入8gCaCl2，溶于乙酸溶液，乙酸溶液中乙酸70g，去离子水2g。50℃搅拌均匀，脱泡静置。配置的铸膜液倒在高导热多孔结构薄膜基材上，基材贴在玻璃板上固定，控制在基材上的刮膜厚度80μm。空气中静置2min，然后放入去离子水中10min，待膜在基材上固定成一体，将基材从玻璃板上取出，并用去离子水清洗。然后再用去离子水浸泡25h去除溶剂，放入鼓风干燥箱，60℃干燥12h，形成全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜。
对上述全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜进行水蒸气透过率测试，依据国标GB1037-88，在测试温度36℃，相对湿度95％的条件下，得到水蒸气透过率为3150g·24h/m2。
对上述全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜进行导热性能测试，导热系数为2.008W/(m·K)。
实施例4
一种全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜的制备方法，包括：
20g聚乙二醇置入烧杯中，加入8gCaCl2，溶于乙酸溶液，乙酸溶液中乙酸70g，去离子水2g。50℃搅拌均匀，脱泡静置。配置的铸膜液倒在高导热多孔结构薄膜基材上，基材贴在玻璃板上固定，控制在基材上的刮膜厚度40μm。空气中静置2min，然后放入去离子水中10min，待膜在基材上固定成一体，将基材从玻璃板上取出，并用去离子水清洗。然后再用去离子水浸泡25h去除溶剂，放入鼓风干燥箱，60℃干燥12h，形成全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜。
对上述全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜进行水蒸气透过率测试，依据国标GB1037-88，在测试温度36℃，相对湿度95％的条件下，得到水蒸气透过率为3308g·24h/m2。
对上述全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜进行导热性能测试，导热系数为1.989W/(m·K)。
实施例5
一种全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜的制备方法，包括：
20g聚丙烯酸置入烧杯中，加入8gCaCl2，溶于乙酸溶液，乙酸溶液中乙酸70g，去离子水2g。50℃搅拌均匀，脱泡静置。配置的铸膜液倒在高导热多孔结构薄膜基材上，基材贴在玻璃板上固定，控制在基材上的刮膜厚度60μm。空气中静置2min，然后放入去离子水中10min，待膜在基材上固定成一体，将基材从玻璃板上取出，并用去离子水清洗。然后再用去离子水浸泡25h去除溶剂，放入鼓风干燥箱，60℃干燥12h，形成全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜。
对上述全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜进行水蒸气透过率测试，依据国标GB1037-88，在测试温度36℃，相对湿度95％的条件下，得到水蒸气透过率为3075g·24h/m2。
对上述全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜进行导热性能测试，导热系数为2.006W/(m·K)。
以上所述实施例仅用以说明本发明的几种技术方案，其描述较为具体和详细，但并非是对本发明专利范围的限定。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求保护范围内。

Claims (9)

1.一种全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜，包括聚合物薄膜基材，其特征在于：还包括亲水性高分子聚合物复合材料涂层膜，所述亲水性高分子聚合物复合材料涂层膜包括如下质量分数的组分：亲水性高分子聚合物8-20％，吸湿剂2-8％，铸膜溶剂60％-85％，其余为水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜，其特征在于：所述亲水性高分子聚合物为醋酸纤维素、聚乙二醇、聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酸、聚丙烯酸酰胺、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和聚酰胺中的一种或多种的混合，所述吸湿剂为无机盐，所述铸膜溶剂为易挥发溶剂。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜，其特征在于：所述的聚合物薄膜基材为高导热多孔结构聚合物薄膜基材。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜，其特征在于：所述无机盐为氯化锂、氯化钙或硫酸钾。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜，其特征在于：所述易挥发溶剂为乙酸或N,N-二甲基甲酰胺。
6.权利要求1或2或3或4或5所述的一种全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜的制备方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：将亲水性高分子聚合物、吸湿剂、铸膜溶剂和水混合溶解，50℃搅拌均匀，脱泡静置得到铸膜液，将铸膜液倒在聚合物薄膜基材上，控制聚合物薄膜基材上的膜厚度20-100μm，在空气中静置2min，然后放入去离子水中10min，待膜在基材上固定成一体后用去离子水清洗，然后再用去离子水浸泡25h去除溶剂，放入鼓风干燥箱，60℃干燥12h，形成全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜。
7.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：将亲水性高分子聚合物、吸湿剂、铸膜溶剂和水混合溶解，50℃搅拌均匀，脱泡静置得到铸膜液，将铸膜液倒在聚合物薄膜基材上，基材贴在玻璃板上固定，控制基材上的膜厚度20-100μm，在空气中静置2min，然后放入去离子水中10min，待膜在基材上固定成一体后用去离子水清洗，然后再用去离子水浸泡25h去除溶剂，放入鼓风干燥箱，60℃干燥12h，形成全热交换芯用阻气传湿膜。
8.一种全热交换芯，其特征在于：包括权利要求1-5任意一项所述的阻气传湿膜。
9.一种全热交换器，其特征在于：包括权利要求8所述的全热交换芯。
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