CN113894861B

CN113894861B - Portable laser heating auxiliary cutting machining device

Info

Publication number: CN113894861B
Application number: CN202111144422.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 苏飞; 徐丽; 蒋正文; 袁亿; 李时春; 陈冰
Original assignee: Hunan University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Hunan University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2021-09-28
Filing date: 2021-09-28
Publication date: 2023-03-28
Anticipated expiration: 2041-09-28
Also published as: CN113894861A

Abstract

The invention discloses a portable laser heating auxiliary cutting processing device which comprises a laser, a cutter head, a shell, an input end plate, an output end plate, a main shaft, a planetary gear and an inner gear ring, wherein the input end plate and the output end plate are rotatably arranged in the shell, the inner gear ring is fixed in the shell, the planetary gear is meshed with the inner gear ring, a planet carrier of the planetary gear is connected with the input end plate and the output end plate, a main gear meshed with the planetary gear is arranged at the input end of the main shaft, the output end of the main shaft is rotatably arranged on the output end plate, the cutter head is connected with the output end of the main shaft, the laser is arranged on the output end plate, and the planet carrier, the input end plate and the output end plate form a rotating body capable of rotating relative to the shell and the main shaft. The high speed transmitted by the main shaft is changed into the low speed, the main shaft drives the cutter head to run at a high speed so as to cut a workpiece, and the laser runs at a low speed along with the output end plate, so that the laser-assisted cutting is completed.

Description

Portable laser heating auxiliary cutting machining device

Technical Field

The invention relates to a drilling and milling composite processing tool for a fiber reinforced composite material, in particular to a portable processing device for laser heating auxiliary cutting.

Background

Fiber reinforced composites are becoming more widely used in industry, but are highly susceptible to various defects during processing. In recent years, with intensive research on fiber reinforced composite materials, the drilling and milling composite processing is found to effectively reduce the influence of cutting force, further reduce processing defects and improve processing quality. The drilling and milling composite machining comprises a first step of drilling and a second step of helical milling. Secondly, the organic fiber reinforced composite material in the fiber reinforced composite material is sensitive to heat, and the material can be modified by heating the material, so that the difficulty in cutting the material is reduced. Among the numerous heat sources, laser energy controls the processing area and is an ideal heat source. However, since the cutting of the tool bit is performed at a high speed and the laser cannot rotate at a high speed along with the tool bit, it is difficult to perform reasonable mounting of the laser and to realize the laser which can be driven by the rotation of the tool.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects of the prior art and provides a portable laser heating auxiliary cutting processing device which is characterized in that the high speed transmitted by a main shaft is changed into the low speed, the main shaft drives a tool bit to operate at a high speed so as to cut a workpiece, and a laser operates at a low speed along with an output end plate so as to finish laser auxiliary cutting.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a processingequipment of supplementary cutting of portable laser heating, includes laser instrument, tool bit, casing, input end plate, output end plate, main shaft, planetary gear and ring gear, input end plate and output end plate are rotatable to be located in the casing, the ring gear is fixed in the casing, planetary gear and ring gear meshing, planetary gear's planet carrier all is connected with input end plate and output end plate, the input of main shaft is equipped with the master gear with planetary gear meshing, the rotatable installation of the output of main shaft is on the output end plate, the tool bit is connected with the output of main shaft, the laser instrument is installed on the output end plate, planet carrier, input end plate, output end plate constitute casing and main shaft pivoted rotator relatively.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the processing device further comprises a distance adjusting mechanism, the distance adjusting mechanism comprises a movable seat and a movable module, a mounting groove is formed in the output end plate, the movable seat is arranged in the mounting groove, the movable module is used for driving the movable seat to move in the mounting groove, and the output end of the main shaft is connected with the movable seat in a rotatable mode.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the moving module comprises a screw and two screw seats, the two screw seats are arranged on the output end plate, the screw is arranged on the two screw seats, and the movable seat is provided with a thread part matched with the screw in a thread manner.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution, a clearance groove for avoiding the output end of the main shaft is provided at the bottom of the mounting groove, a first concave-convex portion is provided at the side wall of the mounting groove, and a second concave-convex portion capable of being matched with the first concave-convex portion is provided at the movable seat.

As the further improvement of the technical scheme, the movable seat is provided with a through hole for the output end of the main shaft to pass through, the inner side wall of the through hole is provided with an annular groove, and a first ball is arranged in the annular groove.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the laser is installed on the output end plate through a laser seat, and the height of the laser on the output end plate is smaller than that of the cutter head on the output end plate.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the main shaft includes an input shaft and an output shaft, the input shaft and the output shaft are connected through at least one coupling, the main gear is disposed on the input shaft, and a bearing is disposed between the input shaft and the input end plate.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the planet carrier includes a first planet shaft and a second planet shaft, two ends of the first planet shaft are respectively fixed on the input end plate and the output end plate, two ends of the second planet shaft are respectively fixed on the input end plate and the output end plate, two planet gears are provided, one planet gear is fixedly sleeved on the first planet shaft, and the other planet gear is fixedly sleeved on the second planet shaft.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the shell is cylindrical, the input end plate and the output end plate are correspondingly provided with a circle, the periphery of the input end plate and the periphery of the output end plate are both provided with a semicircular groove, the shell is provided with two semicircular grooves, a second ball is arranged between the semicircular groove of the input end plate and one semicircular groove on the shell, and a second ball is arranged between the semicircular groove of the output end plate and the other semicircular groove on the shell.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, one end of the shell is open, the other end of the shell is provided with a sealing plate, and the output end plate is arranged at the open end of the shell; the shell is formed by splicing two semicircles in a split manner.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

(1) The portable laser heating auxiliary cutting processing device reduces the high-speed torque at the input end of the main shaft into the low-speed torque through the planetary gear, outputs the low-speed torque through the rotating body formed by the planetary frame, the input end plate and the output end plate, enables the laser installed on the output end plate to rotate at a low speed, heats and assists cutting to a workpiece by the low-speed rotation of the laser while the main shaft drives the cutter head to rotate at a high speed to continue cutting, can reduce the strength and hardness of the material by heating the material through the high-energy laser beam, and then processes, reduces the cutting force, reduces the abrasion and vibration of the cutter, effectively prolongs the service life of the cutter, improves the processing quality, and reduces the difficulty of material cutting. The device is characterized in that two rotation outputs with certain speed ratio can be realized through one input.

(2) The portable laser heating auxiliary cutting processing device also comprises a distance adjusting mechanism for adjusting the eccentricity of the main shaft, the main shaft is arranged to be an adjustable structure, the cutting range of the tool bit can be adjusted, and holes with the diameter larger than the diameter of the tool bit can be processed, so that the problem that the tool bit with one diameter can only process a single hole diameter in the traditional drilling process is solved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a front view of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a view of the output end of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the pitch adjusting mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the housing of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the movable block of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a front view of the movable block of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the output end cap of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic front view of the output end cap of the present invention.

The reference numerals in the figures denote:

1. a laser; 11. a laser seat; 12. a bolt; 2. a cutter head; 3. a housing; 31. a semicircular groove; 32. a second ball bearing; 34. closing plates; 35. a connecting flange; 36. a screw; 4. an input end plate; 5. an output end plate; 51. mounting grooves; 511. an empty avoiding groove; 512. a first concave-convex portion; 6. a main shaft; 601. a main gear; 61. an input shaft; 62. an output shaft; 63. a coupling; 64. a coupling connecting shaft; 65. a bearing; 7. a planetary gear; 71. a planet carrier; 72. a first planet shaft; 73. a second planet shaft; 8. an inner gear ring; 9. a distance adjusting mechanism; 91. a movable seat; 911. a threaded portion; 912. a second concave-convex portion; 913. a through hole; 914. a ring groove; 915. a first ball bearing; 92. a moving module; 921. a screw; 922. a screw seat.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples of the specification.

As shown in fig. 1 to 11, the portable laser heating auxiliary cutting processing device of the present embodiment includes a laser 1, a tool bit 2, a housing 3, an input end plate 4, an output end plate 5, a spindle 6, a planetary gear 7, and an inner gear ring 8, wherein the input end plate 4 and the output end plate 5 are rotatably disposed in the housing 3, the inner gear ring 8 is fixed in the housing 3, the planetary gear 7 is engaged with the inner gear ring 8, planet carriers 71 of the planetary gear 7 are connected with the input end plate 4 and the output end plate 5, an input end of the spindle 6 is provided with a main gear 601 engaged with the planetary gear 7, an output end of the spindle 6 is rotatably mounted on the output end plate 5, the tool bit 2 is connected with an output end of the spindle 6, the laser 1 is mounted on the output end plate 5, and the planet carriers 71, the input end plate 4, and the output end plate 5 form a rotating body capable of rotating relative to the housing 3 and the spindle 6. The output end plate 5 is close to the end of the housing 3, and the laser 1 is located on the outward end face of the output end plate 5. The input end plate 4 is arranged between the inner gear ring 8 and the output end plate 5 and is adjacent to the inner gear ring 8. The laser 1 is spaced from the tool tip 2.

When a portable drilling machine inputs torque to a main shaft 6, a main gear 601 on the main shaft 6 rotates to drive a planetary gear 7 to rotate relative to an inner gear ring 8, the inner gear ring 8 is fixed, the planetary gear 7 rotates around the inner gear ring 8 to drive a planet carrier 71 to rotate, and further drive an input end plate 4 and an output end plate 5 to rotate relative to a shell 3 and the main shaft 6, the planetary gear 7 and the inner gear ring 8 change the transmitted high speed of the main shaft 6 into a low speed, the main shaft 6 continuously keeps rotating at a high speed and drives a tool bit 2 at the output end to rotate at a high speed so as to cut a workpiece, a laser 1 is arranged on the output end plate 5 and rotates at a low speed along with the output end plate 5, and laser emitted by the laser 1 irradiates the workpiece in real time, so that the effect of laser-assisted cutting is achieved.

The portable laser heating auxiliary cutting processing device reduces the high-speed torque at the input end of a main shaft 6 into low-speed torque through a planetary gear 7, outputs the low-speed torque through a rotator consisting of a planetary carrier 71, an input end plate 4 and an output end plate 5, enables a laser 1 installed on the output end plate 5 to rotate at low speed, heats and assists cutting a workpiece by the low-speed rotation of the laser 1 while the main shaft 6 rotates at high speed with a tool bit 2 to continue cutting, heats the material by utilizing high-energy laser beams to reduce the strength and hardness of the material, then processes the material, reduces cutting force, reduces tool abrasion and vibration, effectively prolongs the service life of the tool, improves processing quality and reduces the difficulty of material cutting. The device is characterized in that two rotation outputs with certain speed ratio can be realized through one input.

In this embodiment, the laser 1 is installed on the output end plate 5 through the laser seat 11, and the height H1 of the laser 1 on the output end plate 5 is smaller than the height H2 of the tool bit 2 on the output end plate 5, so as to avoid the interference caused by the laser 1 in cutting the tool bit 2. The laser seat 11 is fixed on the output end plate 5 through a bolt 12.

In this embodiment, the processing apparatus further includes a distance adjusting mechanism 9, the distance adjusting mechanism 9 includes a movable seat 91 and a movable module 92, a mounting groove 51 is provided on the output end plate 5, the movable seat 91 is disposed in the mounting groove 51, the movable module 92 is used for driving the movable seat 91 to move in the mounting groove 51, and the output end of the spindle 6 is connected to the movable seat 91 in a rotatable manner. The connecting line of the main shaft 6 and the laser 1 is M, the moving direction of the movable seat 91 is approximately vertical to M, namely the moving direction of the main shaft 6 does not face the laser 1, therefore, after the main shaft 6 deviates a certain distance, the position of the laser 1 does not need to be adjusted, the main shaft 6 is set to be an adjustable structure, the cutting range of the tool bit 2 can be adjusted, and a hole with a diameter larger than the diameter of the tool bit 2 can be processed, so that the problem that the tool bit 2 with one diameter can only process a single hole diameter in the traditional drilling process is solved. In addition, a single cutting edge is not in continuous contact with the machined surface of the workpiece in the process of spiral hole milling through distance adjustment of the distance adjustment mechanism 9, heat dissipation of the cutter head and discharge of chips in the machining process are effectively promoted, and further abrasion failure of the cutter head and damage to the machined surface due to temperature accumulation caused by continuous machining can be effectively avoided.

Specifically, the moving module 92 includes a screw 921 and two screw seats 922, the two screw seats 922 are mounted on the output end plate 5, the screw 921 is mounted on the two screw seats 922, the screw 921 can move relative to the screw seats 922, the movable seat 91 is provided with a thread portion 911 matched with the thread of the screw 921, and for manufacturing convenience, the thread portion 911 is a circular arc-shaped thread, preferably a quarter-circle thread. When the diameter of the cut hole is the same as that of the cutter head 2, the main shaft 6 is moved to the central position of the output end plate 5, and the cutter head 2 only rotates automatically during cutting; when the diameter of the hole to be cut is larger than the diameter of the cutter head 2, the screw 921 is rotated, the screw 921 rotates to drive the thread part 911 to rotate, but the screw 921 only rotates and does not move, so that the thread part 911 moves to drive the movable seat 91 to move and deviate from the center, and the cutter head 2 deviates from the center.

In this embodiment, the main shaft 6 includes an input shaft 61 and an output shaft 62, the input shaft 61 and the output shaft 62 are connected through at least one coupling 63, in this embodiment, preferably, two couplings 63 are provided, the two couplings 63 are connected through a coupling connecting shaft 64, the input shaft 61 is connected with one coupling 63, and the output shaft 62 is connected with the other coupling 63. The main gear 601 is provided on the input shaft 61, and a bearing 65 is provided between the input shaft 61 and the input end plate 4. The output shaft 62 is provided on the movable mount 91.

In this embodiment, the movable seat 91 has a through hole 913 for the output end of the output shaft 62 to pass through, the inner sidewall of the through hole 913 has a ring groove 914, and the ring groove 914 has a first ball 915 therein. The first ball 915 is arranged to make the output shaft 62 roll and rub against the movable seat 91. A clearance groove 511 for avoiding the output shaft 62 is provided at the bottom of the mounting groove 51, a first concave-convex portion 512 is provided at the side wall of the mounting groove 51, and a second concave-convex portion 912 engageable with the first concave-convex portion 512 is provided at the movable seat 91. The first concave-convex portion 512 cooperates with the second concave-convex portion 912 to guide the movement of the movable holder 91.

In this embodiment, the planet carrier 71 includes a first planet shaft 72 and a second planet shaft 73, two ends of the first planet shaft 72 are respectively fixed to the input end plate 4 and the output end plate 5, two ends of the second planet shaft 73 are respectively fixed to the input end plate 4 and the output end plate 5, two planet gears 7 are provided, one planet gear 7 is fixedly sleeved on the first planet shaft 72, and the other planet gear 7 is fixedly sleeved on the second planet shaft 73. The planet shafts rotate with the planet gears 7. The first planetary shaft 72 is connected to the input end plate 4 and the output end plate 5 by screws 36. Similarly, the second planet shaft 73 is connected to the input end plate 4 and the output end plate 5 by the screws 36

In this embodiment, the housing 3 is cylindrical, the housing 3 is formed by splicing two semicircular split bodies, the semicircular split bodies are provided with connecting flanges 35, and the connecting flanges 35 of the two semicircular split bodies are locked by bolts 12. One end of the shell 3 is open, the other end is provided with a sealing plate 34, and the output end plate 5 is arranged at the open end of the shell 3. A bearing 65 is provided between the input shaft 61 and the seal plate 34. The input end plate 4 and the output end plate 5 are correspondingly provided with a circle, the circumferential surfaces of the input end plate 4 and the output end plate 5 are provided with semicircular grooves 31, the shell 3 is provided with two semicircular grooves 31, a second ball 32 is arranged between the semicircular groove 31 of the input end plate 4 and one semicircular groove 31 on the shell 3, and a second ball 32 is arranged between the semicircular groove 31 of the output end plate 5 and the other semicircular groove 31 on the shell 3. The second balls 32 are arranged so that the input end plate 4 and the output end plate 5 are in rolling friction with respect to the housing 3.

In the present embodiment, the ring gear 8 is fixed to the housing 3 by screws 36, and the screws 36 are provided on the circumferential surface of the housing 3.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the disclosed solution, or modify equivalent embodiments using the teachings disclosed above, without departing from the scope of the solution. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, unless the technical spirit of the present invention departs from the content of the technical scheme of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a processingequipment of supplementary cutting of portable laser heating which characterized in that: including laser instrument (1), tool bit (2), casing (3), input end plate (4), output end plate (5), main shaft (6), planetary gear (7) and ring gear (8), input end plate (4) and output end plate (5) are rotatable locate in casing (3), ring gear (8) are fixed in casing (3), planetary gear (7) and ring gear (8) meshing, planet carrier (71) of planetary gear (7) all are connected with input end plate (4) and output end plate (5), the input of main shaft (6) is equipped with main gear (601) with planetary gear (7) meshing, the rotatable installation of output of main shaft (6) is on output end plate (5), tool bit (2) is connected with the output of main shaft (6), install on output end plate (5) laser instrument (1), planet carrier (71), input end plate (4), output end plate (5) constitute and can be relative casing (3) and main shaft (6) pivoted main gear (601), processing device still includes roll adjustment mechanism (9), the movable distance adjusting mechanism (9) is including movable seat (91) and output end plate (51), the movable seat (91) is arranged in the mounting groove (51), the movable module (92) is used for driving the movable seat (91) to move in the mounting groove (51), the output end of the main shaft (6) is connected with the movable seat (91) in a rotatable manner, the movable module (92) comprises a screw rod (921) and two screw rod seats (922), the two screw rod seats (922) are mounted on the output end plate (5), the screw rod (921) is mounted on the two screw rod seats (922), the movable seat (91) is provided with a thread part (911) matched with the screw rod (921) in a thread manner, the groove bottom of the mounting groove (51) is provided with a clearance groove (511) used for avoiding the output end of the main shaft (6), the side wall of the mounting groove (51) is provided with a first concave-convex part (512), the movable seat (91) is provided with a second concave-convex part (912) matched with the first concave-convex part (512), the movable seat (91) is provided with a through hole (511) through which the output end of the main shaft (6) can pass through, the inner side wall of the through hole (914) is provided with a ring groove (914), a first ball (914) is arranged in the movable seat (914), and the output shaft coupler (62) and the output shaft (61), the main gear (601) is arranged on the input shaft (61), and a bearing (65) is arranged between the input shaft (61) and the input end plate (4).

2. The portable laser heating-assisted cutting processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the laser instrument (1) is installed on output end plate (5) through laser seat (11), the height of laser instrument (1) on output end plate (5) is less than the height of tool bit (2) on output end plate (5).

3. The portable laser heating-assisted cutting processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: planet carrier (71) include first planet axle (72) and second planet axle (73), the both ends of first planet axle (72) are fixed respectively on input end plate (4) and output end plate (5), the both ends of second planet axle (73) are fixed respectively on input end plate (4) and output end plate (5), and planetary gear (7) set up two, and planetary gear (7) are fixed to overlap in first planet axle (72), and another planetary gear (7) are fixed to overlap in second planet axle (73).

4. The portable laser heating-assisted cutting processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: casing (3) are the cylinder, input end plate (4) and output end plate (5) correspond and set up circularly, semicircular groove (31) are all established with the periphery of output end plate (5) to input end plate (4), casing (3) are equipped with two semicircular grooves (31), are equipped with second ball (32) between semicircular groove (31) on input end plate (4) and casing (3) and between semicircular groove (31), be equipped with second ball (32) between semicircular groove (31) on output end plate (5) and casing (3) another semicircular groove (31).

5. The portable laser heating-assisted cutting processing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: one end of the shell (3) is open, the other end of the shell is provided with a sealing plate (34), and the output end plate (5) is arranged at the open end of the shell (3); the shell (3) is formed by splicing two semicircular split bodies.