CN113876489A - 用于生产弹性层压体的方法和设备 - Google Patents

用于生产弹性层压体的方法和设备 Download PDF

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CN113876489A
CN113876489A CN202110725074.1A CN202110725074A CN113876489A CN 113876489 A CN113876489 A CN 113876489A CN 202110725074 A CN202110725074 A CN 202110725074A CN 113876489 A CN113876489 A CN 113876489A
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elastic
elastic films
wheel
rotation
axis
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CN113876489B (zh
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温琴佐·佩佐塔
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Fameccanica Data SpA
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Fameccanica Data SpA
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于生产弹性层压体的方法和设备，其中第一和第二弹性薄膜(16、18)通过对应的延展装置(20、22)在横向方向上被拉伸，并且被施加到传送轮(40)上，该传送轮进而将第一和第二弹性薄膜(16、18)施加到保持在砧轮(50)的外圆柱形表面(54)上的无纺网片(64)上。

Description

用于生产弹性层压体的方法和设备
技术领域
本发明涉及用于生产弹性层压体的方法和设备。
本发明是特别针对生产意图用于生产吸收性卫生用品的弹性层压体而开发的。
背景技术
为了生产吸收性卫生用品(比如纸尿裤和其它吸收性用品)，将具有不同特性的部件组装在一起，比如吸收芯体、底层、表层、弹性腰带、弹性侧面板、闭合结构、用于腿部的弹性阻挡层(腿箍)等。
吸收性卫生用品的一些部件(比如用于腿部的弹性带、弹性腿部阻挡层、弹性侧面板、弹性腰带等)由弹性层压体制成。
依据吸收性卫生用品的特点，弹性层压体可以以各种方式生产。例如，一些类型的弹性层压体可以由结合到弹性薄膜上的一个或多个无纺网片形成。在某些应用中，弹性薄膜在固定于两个相对的无纺网片之间之前在横向方向上被拉伸。
EP3496687描述了一种用于组装弹性层压体的方法和设备，其中第一无纺网片卷绕在围绕旋转轴线旋转的砧轮的外圆柱形表面上，第一和第二弹性薄膜在第一和第二延展装置上在横向方向上被拉伸，并且在第一和第二施加区中施加在砧轮上的第一无纺网片上，该第一和第二施加区相对于旋转轴线相对彼此轴向地且成角度地移位，第二无纺网片在沿横向方向拉伸的第一和第二弹性薄膜之上供给到砧轮，并且第一和第二无纺网片穿过第一和第二弹性薄膜并且在包括在第一和第二弹性薄膜之间的中心部分中超声地焊接在一起。
在EP3496687中描述的解决方案中，沿横向方向拉伸的第一和第二弹性薄膜从延展装置的倾斜表面传送到卷绕在圆柱形表面上的无纺网片。这给弹性薄膜的定位造成了困难，因为难以将拉伸的弹性薄膜从倾斜表面准确地传送到其上卷绕有无纺网片的圆柱形表面。在从该文献已知的解决方案中，沿横向方向拉伸的第一和第二弹性薄膜在彼此成角度地偏移的两个区域中被施加到无纺网片上。这也造成了弹性薄膜相对于无纺网片定位的困难，并且涉及确保两个弹性薄膜之间的精确间距的问题。
其他类似的解决方案在EP3496688、EP3496689、EP3496690中有所描述。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种用于生产弹性层压体的方法和设备，其克服了现有技术的问题。
根据本发明，通过具有形成权利要求1和7的主题的特征的方法和设备实现该目的。
在根据本发明的解决方案中，由于沿横向方向拉伸的第一和第二弹性薄膜与传送轮的外圆柱形表面直接接触施加的事实，因此解决了沿横向方向拉伸的弹性薄膜相对于无纺网片的定位和对齐问题。无纺网片卷绕到砧轮的外圆形柱表面上，并且沿横向方向拉伸的第一和第二弹性薄膜由传送轮在施加区中施加到卷绕在砧轮上的无纺网片上，施加区在轴向方向上彼此偏移并且在角方向上彼此对齐。该解决方案具有以下优点：
-弹性薄膜从延展装置的倾斜表面传送到传送轮的外圆柱形表面在无需插入无纺网片的情况下发生；因此，沿横向方向拉伸的弹性薄膜在传送轮的外圆柱形表面上的定位以更高的精度发生；
-将沿横向方向拉伸的弹性薄膜从传送轮的圆柱形表面传送到卷绕在砧轮的外圆柱形表面上的无纺网片在沿角方向彼此对齐的施加区中执行；这允许获得两个沿横向方向拉伸的弹性薄膜之间相对于无纺网片的更精确定位；
-将沿横向方向拉伸的弹性薄膜施加到无纺网片上发生在相切并且相应旋转轴线彼此平行的两个圆柱形表面之间，并且这避免了由于在无纺网片上将沿横向方向拉伸的弹性薄膜从倾斜表面传送到圆柱形表面带来的困难。
因此，根据本发明的方法和设备克服了EP3496687中描述的解决方案的问题。
附图说明
现在将参考附图详细描述本发明，附图仅以非限制性示例的方式给出，其中：
图1是根据本发明的设备的示意性侧视图，
图2和3是根据本发明的设备的两个细节的示意性平面图，以及
图4是用根据本发明的设备获得的弹性层压体的示意性剖面。
应当理解，在附图中，一些部件可能没有示出，以简化对图形的理解，并且各个图形可能没有以相同的比例表示。
具体实施方式
参考图1，数字10指示用于生产弹性层压体的设备。
设备10包括第一供给装置12和第二供给装置14，这两个供给装置被配置成在平行于对应纵向轴线的方向上分别供给第一弹性薄膜16和第二弹性薄膜18。
设备10包括第一延展装置20和第二延展装置22，这两个延展装置被配置成在横向方向上分别拉伸第一弹性薄膜16和第二弹性薄膜18。
参考图2，两个延展装置20、22中的每一个都包括两个圆盘24、26，这两个圆盘可围绕对应倾斜轴线28、30旋转。圆盘24、26具有对应的圆周边缘，该圆周边缘设有用于夹持弹性薄膜16、18的装置。在可能的实施例中，圆盘24、26可以在其圆周边缘上设置有孔，所述孔连接到亚大气压(sub-atmospheric pressure)源，用于通过抽吸夹持弹性薄膜16、18的侧边缘。圆盘24、26的圆周边缘还可以设有突出销，所述突出销接合弹性薄膜16、18的侧边缘，作为真空夹持手段的替代或补充。
再次参考图2，每个延展装置20、22具有对应的夹持区域32、34和对应的施加区36、38。圆盘24、26在横向方向上在夹持区域32、34中以最小距离彼此间隔开，并且在施加区36、38中以最大距离间隔开。延展装置20、22在对应的夹持区域32、34中以第一宽度W1拾取对应的弹性薄膜16、18，并且在对应的施加区36、38中以第二宽度W2释放它们。因此，在从夹持区域32、34到施加区36、38的路径中，弹性薄膜16、18在横向方向上被弹性拉伸。
在附图所示的实施例中，对于两个弹性薄膜16、18的第一宽度W1和第二宽度W2分别相同。在可能的实施例中，第一和第二弹性薄膜16、18可以分别具有彼此不同的第一宽度W1和/或第二宽度W2。在可能的实施例中，第一和第二弹性薄膜16、18在沿横向方向拉伸之前可以具有彼此不同的对应的第一宽度W1。在可能的实施例中，第一和第二弹性薄膜16、18在沿横向方向拉伸之后可以具有彼此不同的对应的第二宽度W2。
参考图1和图2，设备10包括具有外圆柱形表面42的传送轮40。传送轮40可在图1中的箭头46指示的方向上围绕第一旋转轴线44旋转。传送轮40的外圆柱形表面42设有气动地连接到亚大气压源48的孔。
参考图2，第一和第二延展装置20、22在对应的施加区36、38中将对应的弹性薄膜16、18施加在传送轮40的外圆柱形表面42上。施加区36、38是这样的区域，其中，沿横向方向拉伸的弹性薄膜16、18从延展装置20、22的圆盘24、26上分离，并且通过合适的夹持手段(例如，通过传送轮40的外圆柱形表面42上的抽吸)被抓住。
第一施加区36和第二施加区38相对于第一旋转轴线44相对彼此轴向地且成角度地移位。
参考图1，设备10包括砧轮50，该砧轮可围绕平行于传送轮40的第一旋转轴线44的第二旋转轴线52旋转。砧轮50具有外圆柱形表面54，该外圆柱形表面设有气动地连接到亚大气压源56(图3)的孔。砧轮50的外圆柱形表面54在传送区58中与传送轮40的外圆柱形表面42相切。
设备10包括第三供给装置60和第四供给装置62，这两个供给装置被配置成分别将第一无纺网片64和第二无纺网片66供给到砧轮50。参考图1中的箭头68指示的砧轮50的旋转方向，第一无纺网片64在传送区58上游或在传送区58处被施加到砧轮50上，并且第二无纺网片66在传送区58下游被施加到砧轮50上。
设备10包括与砧轮50的外圆柱形表面54配合的压紧装置70。压紧装置70可以是超声波焊接装置、通过粘合剂压紧的压力装置、或者热或热机械焊接装置。
前面描述的设备10的操作如下。
弹性薄膜16、18可以通过对应展开装置从对应卷轴(未示出)展开，并且从对应供给装置12、14供给到对应延展装置20、22。弹性薄膜16、18还可以通过纵向地切割由对应展开装置从单个卷轴展开的单个弹性薄膜来获得。弹性薄膜16、18可以在对应延展装置20、22上游在纵向方向上张紧。在夹持区域32、34中，从对应延展装置20、22的圆盘24、26上拾取两个弹性薄膜16、18。在圆盘24、26沿箭头72、74指示的方向旋转期间，弹性薄膜16、18在横向方向上被拉伸。这种拉伸造成弹性薄膜16、18的宽度从夹持区域32、34中的值W1增加到施加区36、38中的值W2(图2)。
在施加区36、38中，沿横向方向拉伸的弹性薄膜16、18从圆盘24、26的圆周边缘上分离，并且与传送轮40的外圆柱形表面42直接接触地施加。弹性薄膜16、18通过合适的夹持手段(例如，通过抽吸)在传送轮40的外圆柱形表面42上保持沿横向方向的拉伸状态。(非多孔材料的)弹性薄膜16、18与传送轮40的外圆柱形表面42直接接触地施加而不插入多孔材料层的事实，允许以高的相对定位准确度将弹性薄膜16、18保持在沿横向方向的拉伸状态。
参考图2，施加区36、38在轴向方向上(即在传送轮40的旋转轴线44的方向上)和角方向上(即沿着中心在旋转轴线44上的圆周弧)移位，两个弹性薄膜16、18沿所述施加区施加在传送轮40的外圆柱形表面42上。
传送轮40的外圆柱形表面42上的两个弹性薄膜16、18占据在轴向方向上间隔开的两个圆周带，每个圆周带具有宽度W2。
参考图1和图3，将第一无纺网片64在传送区58上游施加到砧轮50的外圆柱形表面54上。
将在传送轮42上保持沿横向方向的拉伸状态的第一和第二弹性薄膜16、18施加到保持在砧轮50的外圆柱形表面54上的第一无纺网片64上。
参考图3，将第一和第二弹性薄膜16、18在传送区58处分别在第三施加区76和第四施加区78中施加到保持在砧轮50的外圆柱形表面54上的第一无纺网片64上。第三和第四施加区76、78在轴向方向上彼此移位，并且相对于砧轮50的旋转轴线52在角方向上彼此对齐。第三和第四施加区76、78可以具有平行于旋转轴线52并且彼此对齐的两条线的形状。将第一和第二弹性薄膜16、18沿着在轴向方向上彼此对齐的两个施加区76、78施加到第一无纺网片64上的事实，确保了两个弹性薄膜16、18之间相互定位的高准确度。此外，弹性薄膜16、18的传送发生在轴线彼此平行的两个圆柱形表面之间的事实简化了弹性薄膜的传送，并且避免了在弹性薄膜从具有倾斜轴线的表面开始施加在无纺网片上的情况下可能发生的定位误差，如在根据EP3496687中描述的现有技术的解决方案中发生的那样。
弹性薄膜16、18以沿横向方向张紧的状态保持在砧轮50上，通过适当的夹持手段(例如通过抽吸)与第一无纺网片64接触。
根据本发明，圆盘24、26上、传送轮42上和砧轮50上的夹持手段可以包括连接到亚大气压源的孔，通过抽吸进行夹持，或者包括接合弹性薄膜16、18的侧边缘的突出销，作为抽吸手段的替代或补充。
在将弹性薄膜16、18施加在砧轮50的外圆柱形表面54上的第一无纺网片64上之后，将第二无纺网片66在第一和第二弹性薄膜16、18之上施加在砧轮50上，使得沿横向方向张紧的两个弹性薄膜16、18被夹紧在第一和第二无纺网片64、66之间。
然后，两个无纺网片64、66借助压紧装置70穿过第一和第二弹性薄膜16、18例如通过超声波焊接被焊接在一起。
根据本发明，穿过第一和第二弹性薄膜16、18将两个无纺网片64、66彼此附接包括穿过弹性薄膜中的开口直接压紧两个网片，以及压紧其间包括弹性薄膜的两个网片。
压紧装置70可以被配置成形成多个连接点，这些连接点形成穿过弹性薄膜16、18的对应孔，并且穿过形成于弹性薄膜16、18中的孔将两个相对的无纺网片64、66彼此直接固定。弹性薄膜16、18在延伸穿过形成于弹性薄膜16、18中的孔的连接点处保持锚定到无纺网片64、66。由于穿过弹性薄膜16、18的孔的形成，该解决方案允许获得透气的弹性层压体。
两个无纺网片64、66可以在包括在第一和第二弹性薄膜16、18之间的中心部分以及沿着两个弹性薄膜16、18外部的纵向边缘彼此直接固定。
压紧装置70可以被配置成在弹性薄膜16、18处和不含有弹性薄膜16、18的区域中在无纺网片64、66的整个表面上执行均匀的压紧图案。
在压紧装置70的下游，获得具有图4中示意性示出的形状的弹性层压体80，该弹性层压体包括两个弹性薄膜16、18，这两个弹性薄膜封闭在两个无纺网片64、66之间，并且通过连接点82的模式锚定到两个无纺网片64、66上。弹性层压体80具有中心部分84，其中两个弹性薄膜16、18间隔开，并且两个无纺网片64、66彼此直接接触。
弹性层压体80的中心部分84可以通过图1中由86示意性指示的纵向切割装置在纵向方向上切割。纵向切割装置86可以执行连续的贯穿切割，以便产生两个独立的弹性片，每个弹性片包括锚定在两个无纺网片64、66之间的弹性薄膜16、18。在可能的实施例中，纵向切割装置86可以在弹性层压体80的中心部分84中形成纵向弱化线，该弱化线构成优先断裂线，这允许两个弹性片在施加弱分离力之后彼此分离。
在本发明的另一个实施例中，第一无纺网片64可以在传送区58处施加到砧轮50的外圆柱形表面54上，例如，通过首先施加到传送轮40上，在沿横向方向处于拉伸状态的两个弹性薄膜16、18之上，在第二施加区38与传送区58之间。
当然，在不损害本发明原理的情况下，结构和实施例的细节可以相对于所描述和所示出的内容广泛地变化，不会因此而背离如所附权利要求限定的本发明的范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于生产弹性层压体的方法，包括以下步骤：
供给第一和第二弹性薄膜(16、18)，
在第一和第二延展装置(20、22)上在横向方向上拉伸所述第一和第二弹性薄膜(16、18)，
将沿横向方向拉伸的第一和第二弹性薄膜(16、18)施加在能够围绕第一旋转轴线(44)旋转的传送轮(40)的外圆周表面(42)上，其中，所述第一和第二弹性薄膜(16、18)在第一和第二施加区(36、38)中施加到所述传送轮(40)的外圆周表面(42)上，所述第一和第二施加区相对于所述第一旋转轴线(44)相对彼此轴向地且成角度地移位，
将第一无纺网片(64)施加在砧轮(50)的外圆柱形表面(54)上，所述砧轮能够围绕平行于所述第一旋转轴线(44)的第二旋转轴线(52)旋转，
在第三和第四施加区(76、78)中将所述第一和第二弹性薄膜(16、18)从所述传送轮(44)传送到保持在所述砧轮(50)的外圆柱形表面(54)上的第一无纺网片(64)，所述第三和第四施加区在轴向方向上相对于彼此移位并且相对于所述第二旋转轴线(52)彼此成角度地对齐，
将第二无纺网片(66)在所述第一和第二弹性薄膜(16、18)之上施加到砧轮(50)上，以及
通过在所述砧轮(50)上穿过所述第一和第二弹性薄膜(16、18)固定所述第一和第二无纺网片(64、66)，形成弹性层压体(80)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，包括在所述弹性薄膜(16、18)处和包括在所述弹性薄膜(16、18)之间的中心部分根据均匀的图案将所述第一和第二无纺网片(64、66)彼此联结。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，包括在纵向方向上切割弹性层压体(80)的包括在所述弹性薄膜(16、18)之间的中心部分(84)。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，包括在所述弹性层压体(80)的包括在所述弹性薄膜(16、18)之间的中心部分(84)中形成纵向弱化线。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法，包括将所述第一和第二弹性薄膜(16、18)沿着两个施加区(76、78)传送到保持在所述砧轮(50)的外圆柱形表面(54)上的第一无纺网片(64)上，所述两个施加区呈平行于所述砧轮(50)的旋转轴线(52)并且彼此对齐的线的形式。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述第一和第二弹性薄膜(16、18)在沿横向方向拉伸的步骤之后具有彼此不同的对应第二宽度(W2)。
7.一种用于生产弹性层压体的设备，包括：
第一和第二供给装置(12、14)，其被配置成供给第一和第二弹性薄膜(16、18)，
第一和第二延展装置(20、22)，其被配置成在横向方向上拉伸所述第一和第二弹性薄膜(16、18)，
传送轮(40)，其能够围绕第一旋转轴线(44)旋转并且具有外圆柱形表面(42)，其中，所述第一和第二延展装置(20、22)被配置成将沿横向方向拉伸的第一和第二弹性薄膜(16、18)在第一和第二施加区(36、38)中施加到所述传送轮(40)的外圆周表面(42)上，所述第一和第二施加区相对于所述传送轮(40)的所述第一旋转轴线(44)相对彼此轴向地且成角度地移位，
砧轮(50)，其能够围绕平行于所述第一旋转轴线(44)的第二旋转轴线(52)旋转，其中，所述传送轮(40)在传送区域(58)中与所述砧轮(50)相切，并且被配置成在第三和第四施加区(76、78)中将所述第一和第二弹性薄膜传送到所述砧轮(50)，所述第三和第四施加区在轴向方向上相对于彼此移位并且相对于所述砧轮(50)的旋转轴线(52)在角方向上彼此对齐，
第三供给装置(60)，其被配置成在所述传送区(58)的上游或在所述传送区(58)处将第一无纺网片(64)供给到所述砧轮(50)的外圆柱形表面(54)上，
第四供给装置(62)，其被配置成在所述传送区(58)的下游将第二无纺网片(66)供给到所述砧轮(50)，以及
固定单元(70)，其与所述砧轮(50)配合，并且被配置成穿过所述第一和第二弹性薄膜(16、18)将所述第一和第二无纺网片(64、66)彼此联结。
8.根据权利要求7所述的设备，其中，所述延展装置(20、22)中的每一个包括一对圆盘(24、26)，所述圆盘能够围绕彼此倾斜的相应轴线(28、30)旋转。
9.根据权利要求7或8所述的设备，包括纵向切割装置(86)，所述纵向切割装置被配置成在所述砧轮(50)的出口处在纵向方向上切割弹性层压体(80)。
10.根据权利要求9所述的设备，其中，所述纵向切割装置(86)被配置成在所述弹性层压体(80)的包括在所述第一和第二弹性薄膜(16、18)之间的中心部分(84)中形成连续的纵向贯穿切口或纵向弱化线。
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