CN113875367B

CN113875367B - Leaf seedling crop film mulching and sowing integrated machine and film mulching and sowing method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113875367B
Application number: CN202111319300.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 成泰洪; 曲铸基; 胡维峰; 鲍海波; 金红迪
Original assignee: Wenzhou University
Current assignee: Wenzhou University
Priority date: 2021-11-09
Filing date: 2021-11-09
Publication date: 2022-12-02
Anticipated expiration: 2041-11-09
Also published as: CN113875367A

Abstract

The invention discloses a leaf seedling crop film mulching and sowing integrated machine and a film mulching and sowing method thereof, wherein the leaf seedling crop film mulching and sowing integrated machine comprises a rack, wherein the bottom of the rack is provided with a roller; the front end of the frame is provided with a film covering device and a soil gathering mechanism; a leaf seedling shifting device is arranged at the upper end of the rack, and a leaf seedling sowing device is arranged below the leaf seedling shifting device; the leaf seedling sowing device comprises an upper frame body and a plurality of lower frame bodies, wherein a plurality of guide barrels are arranged on the upper frame body, and the lower ends of the guide barrels are hinged with a plurality of hole-opening sharp-mouthed pieces; the lower frame body is provided with a plurality of ring sleeves, a plurality of annularly distributed conducting rods are hinged on the ring sleeves, and the lower ends of the conducting rods are hinged with the corresponding open-hole sharp-mouth pieces; a plurality of first crank connecting rod mechanisms are arranged between the upper frame body and the lower frame body; a first motor is fixed on the side face of one of the lower frame bodies, and the rotating end of the first motor is connected with the first crank connecting rod mechanism. The invention can simply and conveniently carry out film mulching and seeding on leaf seedling crops and has the advantages of high efficiency and convenient use.

Description

Leaf seedling crop film mulching and sowing integrated machine and film mulching and sowing method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of agricultural instruments, in particular to a leaf seedling crop film mulching and sowing integrated machine and a film mulching and sowing method thereof.

Background

Most of the existing leaf seedling crop sowing modes in China are divided into two modes, one mode is purely manual punching and seedling inserting, the other mode is a mode of achieving the process of punching and seedling inserting step by means of simple machinery, the automation degree is low, time and labor are consumed, and economic benefits are low. In the north, the weather is cold in winter, most crops need to be covered with the heat-insulating film, and most of agricultural workers adopt a purely manual method when covering the film, and the labor efficiency is low because the heat-insulating film is pressed by shoveling soil manually.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a leaf seedling crop film mulching and sowing integrated machine and a film mulching and sowing method thereof. The invention can simply and conveniently carry out film mulching and seeding on leaf seedling crops and has the advantages of high efficiency and convenient use.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a film mulching and sowing integrated machine for leaf seedling crops comprises a rack, wherein rollers are arranged at the bottom of the rack; the front end of the frame is provided with a film covering device and a soil gathering mechanism; a leaf seedling shifting device is arranged at the upper end of the rack, and a leaf seedling sowing device is arranged below the leaf seedling shifting device; the leaf seedling sowing device comprises an upper frame body and a plurality of lower frame bodies, wherein a plurality of guide barrels are arranged on the upper frame body, and the lower ends of the guide barrels are hinged with a plurality of hole-opening sharp-mouthed pieces; the lower frame body is provided with a plurality of ring sleeves correspondingly sleeved in the middle of the guide barrel, a plurality of annularly distributed conduction rods are hinged on the ring sleeves, and the lower ends of the conduction rods are hinged with the back surfaces of the corresponding holed sharp-mouthed pieces; a plurality of first crank link mechanisms are arranged between the upper frame body and the lower frame body, and a synchronous rod is connected between the first crank link mechanisms on the same side; a first motor is fixed on the side face of one of the lower frame bodies, and the rotating end of the first motor is connected with one of the first crank connecting rod mechanisms.

The film mulching and sowing integrated machine for the leaf seedlings comprises a film mulching device, two pressing rods and a guide rod, wherein the film mulching device is arranged at the front end of a rack; the film covering rod is positioned above the front side of the pressing rod, and the guide rod is positioned below the rear side of the pressing rod; the end parts of the two pressing rods are respectively provided with transmission gears which are meshed with each other; one of the pressing rods is further connected with a second motor.

In the film mulching and sowing integrated machine for the leaf seedlings, the soil gathering mechanism comprises a guide plate which is arranged on the rack and positioned on the lower side behind the guide rod, and the guide plate is arc-hook-shaped; the outside of guide board is connected with and is curved shovel native blade.

According to the film mulching and sowing integrated machine for the leaf seedlings, the rack is provided with the pair of moving tables, the moving tables are provided with the first sliding rails, the first sliding rails are provided with the moving blocks, the connecting blocks are arranged above the moving blocks, and the connecting blocks are fixedly connected with the lower frame body; a screw rod is arranged on the movable table, and the end part of the screw rod is connected with a third motor; the lead screw is in threaded fit with the moving block; second sliding rails are further arranged on two sides of the rack; and sliding blocks matched with the second sliding rails are arranged on two sides of the lower frame body.

According to the film-mulching and sowing integrated machine for the leaf seedlings, the leaf seedling poking device comprises a plurality of seedling bins fixed on the rack, a conveying belt device is arranged below the seedling bins, and a plurality of seedling falling grooves distributed at intervals are formed in the conveying belt device; the machine frame is also provided with a fourth motor, the rotating end of the fourth motor is connected with a second crank link mechanism, the second crank link mechanism is connected with a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is provided with a plurality of supporting frames, and the end parts of the supporting frames are connected with the side surface of the seedling cabin; and a plurality of pusher dogs are also arranged on the rotating shaft, and the end parts of the pusher dogs are positioned on the side surface of the lower end part of the transmission end of the conveyor belt device.

According to the film covering and sowing method of the film covering and sowing all-in-one machine for the leaf seedlings, the rack moves forwards through the rollers, the film covering of soil is carried out by the film covering device, and then the shoveled soil is pressed on two sides of the film through the soil gathering mechanism, so that the fixation of the film covering is completed; meanwhile, in the process of advancing the rack, the leaf seedlings are placed in the leaf seedling poking device and sequentially fall into the guide barrel, at the moment, the opening tip piece at the lower end of the guide barrel is closed, and the leaf seedlings cannot fall; then the first motor rotates, the first motor pulls the upper frame body above the guide barrel downwards through the first crank link mechanism, the upper frame body drives the guide barrel to pull the guide barrel downwards, when the guide barrel is pulled downwards, the hole-opening sharp-mouth piece at the lower end of the guide barrel pokes a hole on the land coated with the film, meanwhile, as the back of the hole-opening sharp-mouth piece is connected with the ring sleeve on the lower frame body through the conducting rod, the hole-opening sharp-mouth piece can be unfolded outwards when poking the hole, at the moment, the leaf seedling falls into the hole poked by the hole-opening sharp-mouth piece from the guide barrel, and the seeding of the leaf seedling is formed; after sowing, the first motor rotates reversely, the guide barrel is pulled back, the opening sharp mouth piece is closed again, and the next leaf seedling is waited to fall into the sowing.

According to the film mulching and sowing method of the film mulching and sowing integrated machine for the leaf seedlings, the heat preservation film is sleeved on the film mulching rod, extends to the position between the two pressing wheels, and is rotated by the second motor to drive the transmission gear to rotate relatively, so that the heat preservation film is pulled out and covers the soil under the guidance of the guide rod.

According to the film mulching and sowing method of the film mulching and sowing all-in-one machine for the leaf seedlings, the soil gathering mechanism moves forwards along with the rack, the soil shoveling blade pushes forwards to shovel soil, and the shoveled soil falls on two sides of the heat preservation film under the guiding of the guiding plate, so that the pressing effect on the heat preservation film is achieved.

According to the film-covering and sowing method of the film-covering and sowing integrated machine for the leaf seedling crops, the root ends of the leaf seedling crops are placed in the same direction and then are placed into the seedling bin together, and the fourth motor drives the second crank mechanism to start to operate, so that the pusher dog on the rotating shaft shakes up and down; at the moment, the leaf seedlings fall out one at a time through a belt outlet at the bottom of the seedbed and fall into a seedling falling groove of the conveyor belt device, and then are conveyed by the conveyor belt device to reach the position right below the pusher dog, the root parts of the leaf seedlings are pressed down in the process that the pusher dog shakes up and down, so that the leaf seedlings are pulled up and simultaneously fall into the guide barrel vertically.

According to the film-covering sowing method of the film-covering sowing all-in-one machine for the leaf seedlings, the guide barrel in the leaf seedling sowing device is of a 3X 3 type, the leaf seedling sowing device is driven by the movable block and the connecting block to move back and forth under the action of the third motor in the middle of the rack in the process that the rack moves forward, each row of guide barrels sequentially pass through the positions of the leaf seedlings, which are pulled down, of the leaf seedling pulling down devices, and after the leaf seedlings are loaded in each guide barrel on the leaf seedling sowing device, the trolley stops at the moment, and sowing of the leaf seedlings is started.

Compared with the prior art, the invention utilizes the film covering device to cover the film of the soil, and then presses the shoveled soil on the two sides of the film through the soil gathering mechanism to complete the fixation of the film; meanwhile, in the process that the rack moves forwards, the leaf seedlings are placed in the leaf seedling poking-down device and sequentially fall into the guide barrel, at the moment, the opening tip piece at the lower end of the guide barrel is closed, and the leaf seedlings cannot fall down; then the first motor rotates, the first motor pulls the upper frame body above through the first crank link mechanism, the upper frame body drives the guide barrel to pull down, when the guide barrel pulls down, the hole-opening sharp mouth piece at the lower end of the guide barrel pokes a hole on the land covered with the film, meanwhile, as the back of the hole-opening sharp mouth piece is connected with the ring sleeve on the lower frame body through the conducting rod, the hole-opening sharp mouth piece can expand outwards when poking the hole, and at the moment, the leaf seedling falls into the hole poked by the hole-opening sharp mouth piece from the guide barrel to form the seeding of the leaf seedling; after sowing, the first motor rotates reversely, the guide barrel is pulled back, the opening sharp mouth piece is closed again, and the next leaf seedling is waited to fall into the sowing machine for sowing, so that the film covering sowing of the leaf seedlings can be simply, conveniently and efficiently realized, the labor intensity of the film covering sowing is reduced, the labor cost is saved, and meanwhile, the film covering sowing machine has the advantages of simple structure and strong practicability.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of the housing of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the soil gathering mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the leaf seedling dropping device of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the leaf seedling sowing device of the present invention.

The labels in the figures are:

1. a frame; 2. a roller; 3. a film covering device; 4. a soil gathering mechanism; 5. leaf seedling falling device; 6. a leaf seedling sowing device; 7. an upper frame body; 8. a lower frame body; 9. a guide barrel; 10. opening a sharp-mouthed piece; 11. sleeving a ring; 12. a conduction rod; 13. a first crank link mechanism; 14. a synchronization lever; 15. a first motor; 16. a film coating rod; 17. a hold down bar; 18. a guide rod; 19. a transmission gear; 20. a second motor; 21. a guide plate; 22. a soil shoveling blade; 23. a mobile station; 24. a first slide rail; 25. a moving block; 26. connecting blocks; 27. a screw rod; 28. a third motor; 29. A second slide rail; 30. a slider; 31. seedling storage; 32. a conveyor belt device; 33. seedling falling grooves; 34. A fourth motor; 35. a second crank link mechanism; 36. a rotating shaft; 37. a support frame; 38. A pusher dog.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

Example (b): a leaf seedling crop film mulching and sowing integrated machine is shown in figure 1 and comprises a machine frame 1, wherein the bottom of the machine frame 1 is provided with a roller 2; the front end of the frame 1 is provided with a film covering device 3 and a soil gathering mechanism 4; as shown in fig. 2, the film covering device 3 comprises a film covering rod 16 arranged at the front end of the frame 1, two pressing rods 17 and a guide rod 18; the film coating rod 16 is positioned above the front side of the pressing rod 17, and the guide rod 18 is positioned below the rear side of the pressing rod 17; the end parts of the two pressing rods 17 are respectively provided with transmission gears 19 which are meshed with each other; one of the compression rods 17 is also connected to a second motor 20. As shown in fig. 3, the soil gathering mechanism 4 includes a guide plate 21 disposed on the frame 1 and located at the lower side behind the guide rod 18, and the guide plate 21 is arc-hook shaped; the outer side of the guide plate 21 is connected with an arc-shaped soil shoveling blade 22. A leaf seedling shifting device 5 is arranged at the upper end of the rack 1, and a leaf seedling sowing device 6 is arranged below the leaf seedling shifting device 5; as shown in fig. 4, the leaf seedling picking device 5 includes a plurality of seedling bins 31 fixed on the rack 1, a conveyor belt device 32 is arranged below the seedling bins 31, and a plurality of seedling dropping grooves 33 are arranged on the conveyor belt device 32 at intervals, the conveyor belt device in this embodiment belongs to a technical means understood and mastered by a person of ordinary skill, wherein the seedling dropping grooves 33 on the conveyor belt device 32 can be arranged according to actual conditions; a fourth motor 34 is further arranged on the rack 1, the rotating end of the fourth motor 34 is connected with a second crank-link mechanism 35, the second crank-link mechanism 35 is connected with a rotating shaft 36, a plurality of supporting frames 37 are arranged on the rotating shaft 36, and the end parts of the supporting frames 37 are connected with the side surfaces of the seedling bins 31; the rotating shaft 36 is also provided with a plurality of fingers 38, and the end parts of the fingers 38 are positioned on the side of the lower end part of the transmission end of the conveyor belt device 32. As shown in fig. 5, the leaf seedling sowing device 6 comprises an upper frame 7 and a plurality of lower frames 8, wherein a plurality of guide barrels 9 are arranged on the upper frame 7, and a plurality of perforated sharp-mouthed pieces 10 are hinged to the lower ends of the guide barrels 9; the lower frame body 8 is provided with a plurality of ring sleeves 11 correspondingly sleeved in the middle of the guide barrel 9, a plurality of conduction rods 12 distributed in an annular mode are hinged to the ring sleeves 11, and the lower ends of the conduction rods 12 are hinged to the back faces of the corresponding hole-opened sharp-mouth pieces 10; a plurality of first crank link mechanisms are arranged between the upper frame body 7 and the lower frame body 8, and a synchronizing rod 14 is connected between the first crank link mechanisms 13 on the same side; a first motor 15 is fixed on the side surface of one of the lower frame bodies 8, and the rotating end of the first motor 15 is connected with one of the first crank link mechanisms.

According to the film mulching and sowing method of the film mulching and sowing integrated machine for the leaf seedlings, a rack 1 moves forwards through a roller 2, a film mulching device 3 is used for mulching soil, and then shoveled soil is pressed on two sides of the film through a soil gathering mechanism 4, so that the fixation of the film mulching is completed; wherein, the tectorial membrane is with the heat preservation membrane cover on the tectorial membrane pole, the heat preservation membrane extends to between two compressing rod, and rotate by second motor 20, drive gear 19 and rotate relatively, make the heat preservation membrane pull out, through the guide of guide bar 18, cover on the soil, hold together native mechanism 4 and follow frame 1 forward motion, the soil shoveling blade 22 impels forward and shovels soil, the soil of shoveling falls on the both sides of heat preservation membrane through the guide of guide board 21, the effect of pushing down to the heat preservation membrane is accomplished.

In the leaf seedling poking device 5, the root ends of leaf seedling crops are placed into the seedling cabin 31 together after being swung in the same direction, and the fourth motor 34 drives the second crank mechanism to start to operate, so that the poking claw 38 on the rotating shaft 36 shakes up and down; at the moment, the leaf seedlings drop one at a time through a belt outlet at the bottom of the seedbed and fall into a seedling dropping groove 33 of the conveyor belt device 32, and then are conveyed by the conveyor belt device 32 to be under the pusher dog 38, the root parts of the leaf seedlings are pressed down in the process of up-and-down shaking of the pusher dog 38, so that the leaf seedlings are vertically dropped into the guide barrel 9 while being lifted, at the moment, the hole-opened sharp mouth piece 10 at the lower end of the guide barrel 9 is closed, and the leaf seedlings cannot fall down; then the first motor 15 rotates, the first motor 15 pulls the upper frame 7 through the first crank link mechanism, the upper frame 7 drives the guide barrel 9 to pull down, when the guide barrel 9 pulls down, the hole-forming sharp mouth piece 10 at the lower end of the guide barrel pokes a hole on the covered land, meanwhile, as the back of the hole-forming sharp mouth piece 10 is connected with the ring sleeve 11 on the lower frame 8 through the conducting rod 12, the hole-forming sharp mouth piece 10 can expand outwards when poking the hole, and then the leaf seedling falls into the hole poked by the hole-forming sharp mouth piece 10 from the guide barrel 9 to form the seeding of the leaf seedling; after sowing, the first motor 15 is reversed to pull the guide barrel 9 back, and the apertured tip 10 is closed again to wait for the next leaf seedling to fall into the sowing.

Preferably, the rack 1 is provided with a pair of moving tables 23, the moving tables 23 are provided with first sliding rails 24, the first sliding rails 24 are provided with moving blocks 25, connecting blocks 26 are arranged above the moving blocks 25, and the connecting blocks 26 are fixedly connected with the lower frame 8; a screw rod 27 is arranged on the mobile platform 23, and the end part of the screw rod 27 is connected with a third motor 28; the screw rod 27 is in threaded fit with the moving block 25; two sides of the frame 1 are also provided with second slide rails 29; and sliding blocks 30 matched with the second sliding rails 29 are arranged on two sides of the lower frame body 8. Lead bucket 9 among the leaf seedling seeder 6 and be 3 x 3 formula, in-process that frame 1 gos forward, leaf seedling seeder 6 is through the third motor 28 effect in the middle of frame 1, take the leaf seedling seeder 6 seesaw by movable block 25 and connecting block, every row leads bucket 9 and dials the position of falling leaf seedling of falling device 5 through leaf seedling in proper order, after every leads all adorns leaf seedling in the bucket 9 on leaf seedling seeder 6, the dolly stops this moment, begin the seeding of leaf seedling, with this through a plurality of modes of leading bucket 9 setting, and the removal of cooperation leaf seedling seeder 6, make the efficiency of its leaf seedling seeding promote.

Principle of operation

The frame 1 moves forwards through the roller 2, the film covering device 3 is used for covering the soil, and the shoveled soil is pressed on two sides of the film through the soil gathering mechanism 4 to complete the fixation of the film covering; meanwhile, in the process that the rack 1 moves forwards, the leaf seedlings are placed in the leaf seedling poking-down device 5 and sequentially fall into the guide barrel 9, at the moment, the opening sharp mouth piece 10 at the lower end of the guide barrel 9 is closed, and the leaf seedlings cannot fall down; then the first motor 15 rotates, the first motor 15 pulls the upper frame 7 through the first crank link mechanism, the upper frame 7 drives the guide barrel 9 to pull downwards, when the guide barrel 9 pulls downwards, the hole-forming sharp mouth piece 10 at the lower end pokes a hole on the land covered with the film, meanwhile, as the back of the hole-forming sharp mouth piece 10 is connected with the ring sleeve 11 on the lower frame 8 through the conducting rod 12, the hole-forming sharp mouth piece 10 can expand outwards when poking the hole, at the moment, the leaf seedling falls into the hole poked by the hole-forming sharp mouth piece 10 from the guide barrel 9, and the seeding of the leaf seedling is formed; after sowing, the first motor 15 is reversed to pull the guide barrel 9 back, and the apertured tip 10 is closed again to wait for the next leaf seedling to fall into the sowing.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a leaf seedling crop tectorial membrane seeding all-in-one which characterized in that: comprises a frame (1), wherein the bottom of the frame (1) is provided with a roller (2); the front end of the frame (1) is provided with a film covering device (3) and a soil gathering mechanism (4); a leaf seedling shifting device (5) is arranged at the upper end of the rack (1), and a leaf seedling sowing device (6) is arranged below the leaf seedling shifting device (5); the leaf seedling sowing device (6) comprises an upper frame body (7) and a plurality of lower frame bodies (8), a plurality of guide barrels (9) are arranged on the upper frame body (7), and a plurality of perforated sharp-mouthed pieces (10) are hinged to the lower ends of the guide barrels (9); a plurality of ring sleeves (11) which are correspondingly sleeved in the middle of the guide barrel (9) are arranged on the lower frame body (8), a plurality of conduction rods (12) which are distributed annularly are hinged on the ring sleeves (11), and the lower ends of the conduction rods (12) are hinged with the back surfaces of the corresponding hole-opening sharp-mouth pieces (10); a plurality of first crank connecting rod mechanisms (13) are arranged between the upper frame body (7) and the lower frame body (8), and a synchronizing rod (14) is connected between the first crank connecting rod mechanisms (13) on the same side; a first motor (15) is fixed on the side surface of one lower frame body (8), and the rotating end of the first motor (15) is connected with one first crank-link mechanism (13); a pair of moving platforms (23) are arranged on the rack (1), a first sliding rail (24) is arranged on each moving platform (23), a moving block (25) is arranged on each first sliding rail (24), a connecting block (26) is arranged above each moving block (25), and each connecting block (26) is fixedly connected with the lower frame body (8); a screw rod (27) is arranged on the moving platform (23), and the end part of the screw rod (27) is connected with a third motor (28); the screw rod (27) is in threaded fit with the moving block (25); two sides of the rack (1) are also provided with second sliding rails (29); two sides of the lower frame body (8) are provided with sliding blocks (30) matched with the second sliding rails (29); the leaf seedling poking device (5) comprises a plurality of seedling bins (31) fixed on the rack (1), a conveyor belt device (32) is arranged below the seedling bins (31), and a plurality of seedling dropping grooves (33) distributed at intervals are formed in the conveyor belt device (32); the machine frame (1) is also provided with a fourth motor (34), the rotating end of the fourth motor (34) is connected with a second crank connecting rod mechanism (35), the second crank connecting rod mechanism (35) is connected with a rotating shaft (36), a plurality of supporting frames (37) are arranged on the rotating shaft (36), and the end parts of the supporting frames (37) are connected with the side surface of the seedling cabin (31); and a plurality of shifting claws (38) are further arranged on the rotating shaft (36), and the end parts of the shifting claws (38) are positioned on the side surface of the lower end part of the transmission end of the conveyor belt device (32).

2. The leaf seedling crop film mulching and sowing integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the film covering device (3) comprises film covering rods (16) arranged at the front end of the rack (1), two pressing rods (17) and a guide rod (18); the film coating rod (16) is positioned above the front side of the pressing rod (17), and the guide rod (18) is positioned below the rear side of the pressing rod (17); the end parts of the two pressing rods (17) are respectively provided with transmission gears (19) which are meshed with each other; one of the pressing rods (17) is also connected with a second motor (20).

3. The leaf seedling crop film mulching and sowing integrated machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the soil gathering mechanism (4) comprises a guide plate (21) which is arranged on the rack (1) and is positioned on the lower side behind the guide rod (18), and the guide plate (21) is in an arc hook shape; the outer side of the guide plate (21) is connected with an arc-shaped soil shoveling blade (22).