CN113872155A - Mechanical breaker for generator outlet and control method thereof - Google Patents

Mechanical breaker for generator outlet and control method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113872155A
CN113872155A CN202111281264.5A CN202111281264A CN113872155A CN 113872155 A CN113872155 A CN 113872155A CN 202111281264 A CN202111281264 A CN 202111281264A CN 113872155 A CN113872155 A CN 113872155A
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China
Prior art keywords
branch
mechanical
switch
circuit breaker
mov
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Pending
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CN202111281264.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
余占清
曾嵘
严鑫
屈鲁
甘之正
黄瑜珑
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Tsinghua University
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Tsinghua University
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Priority to CN202111281264.5A priority Critical patent/CN113872155A/en
Publication of CN113872155A publication Critical patent/CN113872155A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/06—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric generators; for synchronous capacitors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H83/00—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current
    • H01H83/06—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by current falling below a predetermined value
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
    • H02H1/04—Arrangements for preventing response to transient abnormal conditions, e.g. to lightning or to short duration over voltage or oscillations; Damping the influence of dc component by short circuits in ac networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
    • H02H3/087—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current for dc applications

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a mechanical circuit breaker for a generator outlet and a control method thereof, the mechanical circuit breaker including: the converter comprises a main current branch (C1), a transfer branch (C2) and a voltage limiting branch (C3) which are connected in parallel, wherein the main current branch (C1) comprises a mechanical switch (A), the transfer branch (C2) comprises a converter device (B) and a solid-state switch (C) which are connected in series, and the converter device (B) comprises an inductor (L)s) And a C-MOV shunt branch in series therewith, said C-MOV shunt branch routing a capacitance (C)m) And a second Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV)2) Are connected in parallel. The mechanical direct current breaker can be applied to the protection of the short circuit of the generator outlet, and can complete the fault current in a very short timeThe ablation time of the mechanical switch is greatly reduced, the on-off times of the circuit breaker are improved, and the service life of the circuit breaker is prolonged. Meanwhile, the mechanical direct current circuit breaker is low in cost and volume.

Description

Mechanical breaker for generator outlet and control method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of mechanical circuit breakers, and particularly relates to a mechanical circuit breaker for a generator outlet and a control method thereof.
Background
A short circuit at the generator outlet can cause a fault current of hundreds kA, which has a great influence on the line. The current solution is to use a specially-made ac current interrupter to cut off the fault current, i.e., to extinguish an arc at a mechanical port in the ac current interrupter at the time of the current zero crossing, thereby cutting off the fault current. However, direct current components can be superposed in the short-circuit fault current at the outlet of the generator, so that the natural zero crossing point of the fault current appears late, the on-off time is long, and the time reaches dozens of milliseconds or even longer. This causes severe ablation of the mechanical switch, which greatly shortens the life of the mechanical switch.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a mechanical circuit breaker for a generator outlet and a control method thereof.
The invention relates to a mechanical circuit breaker for a generator outlet, comprising: a main through-flow branch (C1), a transfer branch (C2) and a voltage limiting branch (C3) connected in parallel.
Further, in the present invention,
the main bypass current branch (C1) comprises a mechanical switch (A).
Further, in the present invention,
the transfer branch (C2) comprises a commutation device (B) and a solid-state switch (C) which are connected in series.
Further, in the present invention,
the converter device (B) comprises an inductance (L)s) Capacitor (C)m) And a second Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV)2)，
Wherein,
the capacitor (C)m) And a second Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV)2) The parallel connection of the branch circuits forms a C-MOV parallel branch circuit;
the inductor (L)s) And the C-MOV parallel branch is connected in series.
Further, in the present invention,
the inductor (L)s) As a first terminal of the transfer branch (C2), the inductance (L)s) Is connected to said capacitor (C)m) The first terminal of (C), the capacitor (C)m) Is connected to a first terminal of said solid state switch (C), the second terminal of the solid state switch (C) being the second terminal of said transfer branch (C2).
Further, in the present invention,
the solid-state switch (C) comprises three parallel branches: a first branch, a second branch and a third branch,
wherein,
the first branch comprises a metal oxide varistor;
the second branch circuit comprises a first switching tube unit connected in series, and the first switching tube unit comprises a first switching tube pair formed by two switching tubes which are connected in anti-parallel;
the third branch circuit comprises a second switch tube unit connected in series, and the second switch tube unit comprises a second switch tube pair formed by two switch tubes connected in anti-parallel.
Further, in the present invention,
the second switching tube unit further comprises an MOV-C series branch, and the MOV-C series branch comprises a metal oxide voltage dependent resistor and a capacitor which are connected in series;
each second switch tube pair is connected with one MOV-C series branch in parallel.
Further, in the present invention,
the switch tube is a thyristor.
Further, in the present invention,
the switch tube is a semi-controlled thyristor.
The invention also provides a mechanical breaker control method for the generator outlet, which is used for controlling the mechanical breaker for the generator outlet and comprises the following steps:
in normal operation, the mechanical switch (A) in the main current branch (C1) is controlled to close the current and the capacitor (C) in the converter (B)m) And pre-charging, and controlling the solid-state switch (C) to be in an off state.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps:
after the short-circuit fault occurs at the outlet of the generator, when the fault current begins to drop after passing through the peak value, the mechanical switch (A) is controlled to be switched off.
Further, comprising the steps of:
after the mechanical switch (A) reaches a distance, a solid-state switch (C) in the current conversion device (B) is controlled to be conducted so as to utilize the capacitor (C)m) The pre-charge voltage on commutates the fault current from the mechanical switch (a) to a transfer branch (C2);
turning off the solid state switch (C) when the transfer branch current I2 on the transfer branch (C2) drops to 0.
The mechanical direct current breaker can be applied to the protection of the short circuit at the outlet of the generator, can complete the on-off of fault current in a very short time, greatly reduces the ablation time of a mechanical switch, and improves the on-off times and the service life of the breaker. Meanwhile, the mechanical direct current circuit breaker is low in cost and volume.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a mechanical circuit breaker topology for a generator outlet, according to an embodiment of the invention;
figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of the timing of the action of a mechanical circuit breaker for the generator outlet according to an embodiment of the invention,
c1: a main through-flow branch; c2: a branch is transferred; c3: a voltage limiting branch; a: a mechanical switch; b: a current conversion device; c: a solid state switch; i1: a main current branch current; i2: transferring branch current; i3: the voltage limiting branch current.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the topology of the mechanical circuit breaker for generator outlets of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1, the mechanical circuit breaker for the generator outlet of the present invention includes a main through-current branch C1, a transfer branch C2, and a voltage limiting branch C3, and the main through-current branch C1, the transfer branch C2, and the voltage limiting branch C3 are connected in parallel.
Wherein,
main current branch C1 includes a mechanical switch a.
The transfer branch C2 includes a commutation device B and a solid state switch C in series. The current conversion device B comprises an inductor LsCapacitor CmAnd a second Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV)2Wherein, the capacitor CmAnd a second metal oxide varistor MOV2And the parallel connection forms a C-MOV parallel branch. Inductor LsIs connected in series with a C-MOV parallel branch and is provided with an inductor LsAs a first terminal of the transfer branch C2, inductor LsSecond terminal of the capacitor CmFirst terminal of (1), capacitor CmIs connected to the first terminal of the solid state switch, the second terminal of the solid state switch acting as the second terminal of the transfer branch C2.
The voltage-limiting branch C3 comprises a first metal oxide varistor MOV1。
Inductor LsIs connected to the first terminal of the mechanical switch A and the first metal oxide varistor MOV1First terminal of (1), inductance LsIs connected to the second terminal of the mechanical switch a and the first metal oxide varistor MOV1The second end of (a).
The solid state switch C in the transfer branch C2 includes three parallel branches: a first branch, a second branch and a third branch. The first branch includes an MOV. The second branch circuit comprises a first switch tube unit connected in series, and the first switch tube unit comprises a first switch tube pair formed by two switch tubes connected in anti-parallel. The third branch circuit comprises second switch tube units which are connected in series, each second switch tube unit comprises a second switch tube pair formed by two switch tubes which are connected in anti-parallel, each second switch tube unit further comprises an MOV-C series branch circuit, each MOV-C series branch circuit is formed by an MOV and a capacitor which are connected in series, and each second switch tube pair is connected with an MOV-C series branch circuit in parallel. In order to reduce the cost of the solid-state switch, the switch tube in the solid-state switch C is a thyristor.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation sequence of the mechanical breaker for the generator outlet according to the present invention. The operation and control method of the mechanical circuit breaker for the generator outlet of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 2.
In normal operation, the mechanical switch A in the main current branch C1 is controlled to close the current and the capacitor C in the converter B is controlledmPre-charging a certain voltage, and the solid-state switch C is in an off state. When a fault occurs at time t0, the current on the mechanical switch a (i.e., the main current branch current I1) increases rapidly, and when the fault current starts to decrease after passing through a peak, a switching-off command is issued to the mechanical switch a. Immediately after the mechanical switch A reaches the distance, the solid-state switch C in the converter B is turned on at the time t1, and the capacitor C is utilizedmThe pre-charging voltage converts the fault current from the mechanical switch A to the transfer branch C2, thereby greatly reducing the number of machinesAblation of the mechanical switch a, wherein the branch current I2 is generated in the branch C2 at time t1 and increases rapidly, the main circulating branch current I1 increases slightly after time t1 and then decreases rapidly as the fault current commutates from the mechanical switch a to the branch C2. In the transfer branch C2, the fault current is firstly supplied to the capacitor CmAnd (6) charging. At time t2 capacitor CmThe voltage on the second metal oxide varistor MOV2After the operating voltage of (2), the second metal oxide varistor MOV2Starts to function, suppresses the capacitance CmThe voltage on the line is increased while the energy on the line is moved by a second metal oxide varistor MOV2Absorbing, the divert branch current I2 has transitioned smoothly from time t2, while the main pass branch current I1 rapidly decreases to 0 after time t 2. When the second metal oxide varistor MOV2After most of the energy is absorbed, the transfer branch current I2 on the transfer branch C2 rapidly drops to 0, thereby creating a condition for turning off the solid-state switch C whose switching tube only needs to select a semi-controlled thyristor with lower cost. When the transfer branch current I2 in the transfer branch C2 drops to 0, the solid-state switch C is turned off, the voltage begins to build up across the breaker, and when the voltage across the breaker reaches the first metal oxide varistor MOV at time t31After the action voltage of (2), the first metal oxide voltage dependent resistor MOV in the voltage limiting branch C31And the residual energy in the system is absorbed to complete the disconnection, and the voltage is clamped at a certain value to ensure the safety of other components. The voltage limiting branch current I3 in the voltage limiting branch C3 increases rapidly after the peak after time t3 and decreases rapidly to 0 at time t 4.
The mechanical direct current breaker provided by the invention can be applied to the protection of the short circuit at the outlet of the generator, and can complete the on-off of fault current in a very short time, thereby greatly reducing the ablation time of a mechanical switch, improving the on-off times of the breaker and prolonging the service life of the breaker. Meanwhile, the mechanical direct current circuit breaker is low in cost and volume.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (12)

1. A mechanical circuit breaker for a generator outlet, comprising: a main through-flow branch (C1), a transfer branch (C2) and a voltage limiting branch (C3) connected in parallel.
2. Mechanical circuit breaker for generator outlets according to claim 1,
the main bypass current branch (C1) comprises a mechanical switch (A).
3. Mechanical circuit breaker for generator outlets according to claim 2,
the transfer branch (C2) comprises a commutation device (B) and a solid-state switch (C) which are connected in series.
4. Mechanical circuit breaker for generator outlets according to claim 3,
the converter device (B) comprises an inductance (L)s) Capacitor (C)m) And a second Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV)2)，
Wherein,
the capacitor (C)m) And a second Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV)2) The parallel connection of the branch circuits forms a C-MOV parallel branch circuit;
the inductor (L)s) And the C-MOV parallel branch is connected in series.
5. Mechanical circuit breaker for generator outlets according to claim 4,
the inductor (L)s) As a first terminal of the transfer branch (C2), the inductance (L)s) Is connected to said capacitor (C)m) The first terminal of (C), the capacitor (C)m) To (1) aTwo terminals are connected with a first terminal of the solid-state switch (C), and a second terminal of the solid-state switch (C) is used as a second terminal of the transfer branch (C2).
6. Mechanical circuit breaker for generator outlets according to any of the claims 3-5,
the solid-state switch (C) comprises three parallel branches: a first branch, a second branch and a third branch,
wherein,
the first branch comprises a metal oxide varistor;
the second branch circuit comprises a first switching tube unit connected in series, and the first switching tube unit comprises a first switching tube pair formed by two switching tubes which are connected in anti-parallel;
the third branch circuit comprises a second switch tube unit connected in series, and the second switch tube unit comprises a second switch tube pair formed by two switch tubes connected in anti-parallel.
7. Mechanical circuit breaker for generator outlets according to claim 6,
the second switching tube unit further comprises an MOV-C series branch, and the MOV-C series branch comprises a metal oxide voltage dependent resistor and a capacitor which are connected in series;
each second switch tube pair is connected with one MOV-C series branch in parallel.
8. Mechanical circuit breaker for generator outlets according to claim 7,
the switch tube is a thyristor.
9. Mechanical circuit breaker for generator outlets according to claim 8,
the switch tube is a semi-controlled thyristor.
10. A mechanical circuit breaker control method for a generator outlet, for controlling the mechanical circuit breaker for a generator outlet according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
in normal operation, the mechanical switch (A) in the main current branch (C1) is controlled to close the current and the capacitor (C) in the converter (B)m) And pre-charging, and controlling the solid-state switch (C) to be in an off state.
11. The mechanical circuit breaker control method for generator outlets of claim 10, further comprising the steps of:
after the short-circuit fault occurs at the outlet of the generator, when the fault current begins to drop after passing through the peak value, the mechanical switch (A) is controlled to be switched off.
12. The mechanical circuit breaker control method for generator outlets of claim 11, comprising the steps of:
after the mechanical switch (A) reaches a distance, a solid-state switch (C) in the current conversion device (B) is controlled to be conducted so as to utilize the capacitor (C)m) The pre-charge voltage on commutates the fault current from the mechanical switch (a) to a transfer branch (C2);
turning off the solid state switch (C) when the transfer branch current I2 on the transfer branch (C2) drops to 0.
CN202111281264.5A 2021-11-01 2021-11-01 Mechanical breaker for generator outlet and control method thereof Pending CN113872155A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN114629098A (en) * 2022-02-23 2022-06-14 中国科学院电工研究所 Solid-state switch based on sectional type gapless lightning arrester and utilization rate improving method thereof
CN114709796A (en) * 2022-04-28 2022-07-05 西安交通大学 Generator zero-loss fault current switching-on and switching-off device and method based on phase selection control

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CN114629098B (en) * 2022-02-23 2022-11-11 中国科学院电工研究所 Solid-state switch based on sectional type gapless lightning arrester and utilization rate improving method thereof
CN114709796A (en) * 2022-04-28 2022-07-05 西安交通大学 Generator zero-loss fault current switching-on and switching-off device and method based on phase selection control

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Application publication date: 20211231