CN113862498B - High-strength aluminum plate for cargo vehicle oil tank and production method thereof - Google Patents

High-strength aluminum plate for cargo vehicle oil tank and production method thereof Download PDF

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CN113862498B
CN113862498B CN202110954317.9A CN202110954317A CN113862498B CN 113862498 B CN113862498 B CN 113862498B CN 202110954317 A CN202110954317 A CN 202110954317A CN 113862498 B CN113862498 B CN 113862498B
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CN113862498A (en
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李国锋
邓艳超
李伟坡
谭盼
马艳非
李志阳
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Henan Taihong New Material Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent

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Abstract

The invention discloses a high-strength aluminum plate for a cargo vehicle oil tank and a production method thereof. Pure aluminum ingots, pure magnesium ingots and pure zinc ingots are used as raw materials for smelting, and intermediate alloy ingredients are added for smelting, so that the components of the obtained alloy liquid meet the composition of alloy elements; the obtained alloy liquid is sequentially refined, cast, milled, soaked, hot rough rolled and hot finish rolled to prepare an aluminum alloy blank coil; cold rolling the obtained coil to obtain cold-rolled coils with the thicknesses of 2.5mm and 3.5 mm; annealing and cleaning the obtained coiled material with the thickness of 2.5mm in sequence to obtain an O-state finished coiled material; and sequentially carrying out intermediate annealing, secondary cold rolling, stabilizing treatment and cleaning on the obtained cold-rolled coil with the thickness of 3.5mm to obtain a finished coil in an H32 state. The product prepared by the method has excellent mechanical property, corrosion resistance and punch forming property, and can effectively solve the technical problem of stamping cracking of the fuel tank caused by poor corrosion resistance and low elongation of the fuel tank of the truck.

Description

High-strength aluminum plate for cargo vehicle oil tank and production method thereof
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to a high-strength rolled Al-Mg series aluminum alloy plate and a preparation method thereof, and particularly relates to a high-strength aluminum plate for a cargo vehicle oil tank and a production method thereof.
Secondly, background art:
with the development of the automobile industry, the problem of easy corrosion of an iron fuel tank becomes the biggest problem threatening the service life and the quality of the fuel tank. Meanwhile, attention to light weight of automobiles and application development of various new materials are paid, and on the premise of ensuring strength and use safety, the trend of automobile industry development is achieved by adopting novel light materials to replace traditional steel materials. Aluminum alloys are ideal materials for reducing the weight of automobiles because of their high specific strength and specific stiffness, good work formability, excellent corrosion resistance, high recycling rate, and the like. The Al-Mg series aluminum alloy plate is a common material for the automobile oil tank due to good mechanical property and corrosion resistance. The aluminum alloy oil tank not only can meet the use requirement in strength, but also has great advantage in corrosion resistance compared with iron and other new materials. However, the existing 5-series aluminum alloy plate is easy to crack during punching and flanging due to high content of alloy elements, and the cracking phenomenon is more obvious when the plate is thinner. Meanwhile, the corrosion resistance under the complex environment is further improved.
In order to improve the punch forming and corrosion resistance of the Al-Mg series plate, the internal structure evolution of the alloy is regulated and controlled by changing the plate forming process, the heat treatment process and the microalloying, so that the performance of the alloy is improved. The added Ta element has excellent corrosion resistance, and does not react to hydrochloric acid, concentrated nitric acid and aqua regia under cold and hot conditions. Ta element has moderate hardness but is highly ductile and can be made into a thin foil by drawing into a filament form.
Thirdly, the invention content:
the technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the invention provides a high-strength aluminum plate for a cargo vehicle oil tank and a production method thereof, which are used for solving the problems that the existing cargo vehicle oil tank is poor in corrosion resistance and low in elongation rate, so that the oil tank is punched and cracked and the like. The product prepared by the technical scheme of the invention has excellent mechanical property, corrosion resistance and punch forming property, and can effectively solve the technical problem of oil tank punching cracking caused by poor corrosion resistance and low elongation of the cargo vehicle oil tank.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention provides a high-strength aluminum plate for a cargo vehicle oil tank, which comprises the following alloy elements in percentage by mass: 4.3 to 4.6 percent of Mg, 0.05 to 0.35 percent of Ta, less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.3 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Cu, 0.45 to 0.55 percent of Mn, 0.1 to 0.15 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Zn, 0.015 to 0.02 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.0003 percent of Na, and the balance of Al.
In addition, the production method of the high-strength aluminum plate for the cargo vehicle oil tank comprises the following steps:
a. smelting: pure aluminum ingots, pure magnesium ingots and pure zinc ingots are used as raw materials to carry out ingredient smelting, the smelting temperature is controlled to be 720-760 ℃ in the smelting process, and the smelting heat preservation time is 20-30 min; adding intermediate alloys Al-5Ta, Al-20Si, Al-5Fe, Al-50Cu, Al-20Mn, Al-5Cr and Al-5Ti-B in the smelting process for proportioning smelting, wherein the proportioning temperature is 730-750 ℃; the components of the molten alloy meet the alloy element composition of the high-strength aluminum plate for the truck oil tank;
b. refining: refining the alloy liquid obtained in the step a, wherein the refining temperature is controlled to be 720-735 ℃ in the refining process, and the refining time is 30-60 min; standing for 20-40 min after refining;
c. casting: b, casting the alloy liquid obtained after standing in the step b, wherein the casting temperature is controlled to be 690-720 ℃ in the casting process, and obtaining an aluminum alloy cast ingot after casting;
d. milling a surface: c, milling the aluminum alloy ingot obtained in the step c;
e. soaking treatment: c, carrying out soaking treatment on the aluminum alloy ingot subjected to surface milling in the step d;
the soaking treatment comprises two stages: in the first stage, the soaking constant temperature is controlled to be 475-495 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 8-12 hours under the temperature condition; stopping heating in the second stage, and preserving heat for 2-3 hours when the temperature of the metal is reduced to 450-470 ℃;
f. hot rolling: e, rough rolling the cast ingot obtained in the step e into a hot rolling blank, and then performing hot finish rolling on the blank to prepare an aluminum alloy blank coil;
in the hot rolling process, the initial rolling temperature of rough rolling is controlled to be 440-470 ℃, and the temperature of the intermediate plate after rough rolling is 380-440 ℃; the finish rolling temperature is 330-350 ℃, and the thickness of a finished product obtained after hot rolling is 8.0mm +/-0.05 mm;
g. cold rolling: cold rolling the aluminum alloy blank coil obtained after hot rolling to obtain cold-rolled coils with the thickness of 2.5mm and 3.5 mm;
h. annealing: annealing the cold-rolled coil with the thickness of 2.5mm obtained in the step g, cleaning the annealed cold-rolled coil to obtain an O-state finished coil, and performing transverse shearing to obtain a finished plate;
performing intermediate annealing on the cold-rolled coil with the thickness of 3.5mm obtained in the step g, performing secondary cold rolling after the intermediate annealing, and performing cold rolling until the thickness of a finished product is 2.5 mm;
i. and (3) stabilizing treatment: and (5) stabilizing the 2.5mm cold rolled coil obtained by secondary cold rolling after intermediate annealing in the step H, cleaning the coil after the stabilizing treatment to obtain a finished product coil in an H32 state, and performing transverse shearing to obtain a finished product plate.
According to the production method of the high-strength aluminum plate for the cargo vehicle oil tank, Ar and Cl are adopted in the refining process in the step b 2 Degassing and purifying the mixed gas to ensure that the hydrogen content is less than 0.20ml/100g (Al) after the mixed gas is refined in a standing furnace, and degassing on line after degassing and purifying to control the hydrogen content to be less than or equal to 0.15ml/100g (Al).
The production method of the high-strength aluminum sheet for cargo vehicle fuel tank according to the above, Ar and Cl 2 The volume percentage of the two components in the mixing process is 80-85% and 20-15% respectively.
According to the production method of the high-strength aluminum plate for the truck oil tank, in the surface milling process in the step d, the large-surface single-side milling surface amount is controlled to be 12-20 mm, the small-surface single-side milling surface amount is controlled to be 10-15 mm, the thickness difference of two sides of the obtained aluminum alloy cast ingot is less than or equal to 3mm, and the roughness of the large surface of the clean ingot is Ra0.3-0.5 mu m.
According to the production method of the high-strength aluminum plate for the cargo vehicle oil tank, in the annealing or intermediate annealing treatment process in the step h, the temperature is controlled to be 360-390 ℃, the temperature is kept for 6-8 hours under the temperature condition, and the high-strength aluminum plate is naturally cooled after annealing.
According to the production method of the high-strength aluminum plate for the cargo vehicle oil tank, in the stabilizing treatment in the step i, the temperature is controlled to be 220-250 ℃, the temperature is kept for 12 hours at the temperature, and the aluminum plate is naturally cooled after being discharged from a furnace.
According to the technical scheme, after O-state annealing and stabilizing annealing are carried out on the prepared truck oil tank aluminum alloy, a continuous stretch bending straightening machine is used for cleaning, a low-foam aluminum cleaning agent is added in advance before operation, the proportion is 5-8%, and the proportion of purified water is 95-92%; meanwhile, the temperature of the bath solution is increased, the bath solution is cleaned at 70-85 ℃, the water pressure is controlled at 0.4-0.6 MPa, and the cleaning speed is controlled at 60-80 m/min.
The invention has the following positive beneficial effects:
1. the existing Al-Mg series plate mainly adds a proper amount of Mg and a small amount of Cr elements to increase the alloy strength, but the addition of Cr sacrifices the extensibility of the material while improving the strength. The present invention is formed by adding Ta element to a large amount of (Al, Cr) containing a part of Mg and Cr in a minute size 3 And the (Zr, Ti, Ta) phase has the functions of fixing dislocation and subgrain boundary, refining the casting microstructure and inhibiting the recrystallization of a matrix. Meanwhile, the corrosion resistance of the alloy is improved. The solid solubility of Ta in solid solution is improved along with the increase of the tantalum content in the alloy, and the solubility of other main solid solution strengthening elements Cr is also improved, so that the solid solution strengthening effect is improved, and the plasticity of the solid solution is also obviously improved. Finally, the performance of the finished plate is synchronously improved, and the processing requirement of the automobile oil tank plate is met.
2. In order to improve the punch forming performance of the finished plate, the rolling texture needs to be weakened in the hot rolling process, the rolling is carried out by adopting large reduction, the thermal deformation temperature is improved, and the final rolling temperature is 330-345 ℃, so that the effect of refining grains of the hot rolled blank is achieved. The technical scheme of the invention adopts 17 passes to carry out reversible rolling, thereby not only ensuring the safety of production equipment, but also ensuring the internal defects of uniform grain size, no looseness and the like in the hot rolled blank, and obviously improving the plastic deformation capability of the produced hot rolled blank of the cargo vehicle oil tank product.
3. The truck fuel tank aluminum alloy plate prepared by the technical scheme of the invention can effectively control the quality problems of surface adhesion, contusion and the like in the process. The cold rolling is carried out by adopting 4 passes, the arrangement of the passes is respectively 8.0 to 6.0 to 4.5 to 3.5 to 2.5mm, the coiling tension is strictly controlled, and the temperature of the coiled material is ensured to be below 45 ℃ before each pass of rolling for the last two passes of the finished product of the 2.5 mmO-state plate.
4. The coiled material is subjected to conventional cleaning operation after annealing, and is easy to clean incompletely, so that residues such as surface watermarks, aluminum gray strips, oil marks and the like are caused. The cargo vehicle oil tank aluminum alloy prepared by the technical scheme of the invention is cleaned by adopting a continuous stretch bending straightening machine after O-state annealing and stabilizing annealing, and a low-foam aluminum cleaning agent is added in advance before operation, wherein the proportion is 5-8%, and the proportion of purified water is 95-92%; meanwhile, the temperature of the bath solution is increased, the bath solution is cleaned at 70-85 ℃, the water pressure is controlled at 0.4-0.6 Mpa, the cleaning speed is controlled at 60-80 m/min, and the cleaning operation can be effectively carried out by adopting higher bath solution concentration and bath solution temperature, so that the surface quality is ensured.
5. The Ta element is added into the Al-Mg series aluminum alloy, so that the alloy structure is improved, and the corrosion resistance and the punch forming performance are improved. Therefore, the prepared product has excellent mechanical property, corrosion resistance and punch forming property, and the problem of oil tank punching cracking caused by poor corrosion resistance and low elongation of the cargo vehicle oil tank can be effectively solved. The products prepared by the technical scheme of the invention are detected, and the obtained related performance parameters are detailed in table 1.
TABLE 1 results of testing the properties of the aluminum sheets prepared according to the present invention
Figure BDA0003219687420000051
Fourthly, the specific implementation mode:
the invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which do not limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1:
the invention relates to a high-strength aluminum plate for a cargo vehicle oil tank, which comprises the following alloy elements in percentage by mass: mg 4.4%, Ta 0.205%, Si 0.117%, Fe 0.294%, Cu 0.042%, Mn 0.504%, Cr 0.121%, Zn 0.063%, Ti 0.018%, and Na 0.0001%, the balance being Al.
Example 2:
the production method of the high-strength aluminum plate for the cargo vehicle oil tank in the embodiment 1 of the invention comprises the following detailed steps:
a. smelting: pure aluminum ingots, pure magnesium ingots and pure zinc ingots are used as raw materials to carry out ingredient smelting, the smelting temperature is controlled to be 735-750 ℃ in the smelting process, and the smelting heat preservation time is 25 min; adding intermediate alloys Al-5Ta, Al-20Si, Al-5Fe, Al-50Cu, Al-20Mn, Al-5Cr and Al-5Ti-B in the smelting process for proportioning smelting, wherein the proportioning temperature is 740-750 ℃; the components of the molten alloy obtained by smelting the aluminum alloy meet the alloy element composition of the high-strength aluminum plate for the cargo vehicle oil tank in the embodiment 1;
b. refining: refining the alloy liquid obtained in the step a, wherein the refining temperature is controlled to be 730-735 ℃ in the refining process, and the refining time is 40 min; standing for 35min after refining;
ar and Cl are adopted in the refining process 2 Is subjected to degassing purification (the Ar and Cl) 2 The volume percentage composition ratio of the two components is 85 percent and 15 percent respectively when the two components are mixed, the hydrogen content is less than 0.20ml/100g (Al) after the two components are placed in a standing furnace for refining, and the hydrogen content is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.15ml/100g (Al) by on-line degassing after degassing and purifying;
c. casting: b, casting the alloy liquid obtained after standing in the step b, wherein the casting temperature is controlled to be 690-710 ℃ in the casting process, and obtaining an aluminum alloy cast ingot after casting;
d. milling a surface: c, milling the aluminum alloy cast ingot obtained in the step c, wherein the milling amount of the large surface on one side is controlled to be 20mm and the milling amount of the small surface on one side is controlled to be 13mm in the milling process, the thickness difference of two sides of the obtained aluminum alloy cast ingot is less than or equal to 3mm, and the roughness of the large surface of a clean ingot is Ra0.3-0.5 mu m;
e. soaking treatment: c, carrying out soaking treatment on the aluminum alloy ingot subjected to surface milling in the step d;
the soaking treatment comprises two stages: in the first stage, the soaking constant temperature is controlled to be 485-495 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 10 hours under the temperature condition; stopping heating in the second stage, and preserving the heat for 3 hours when the temperature of the metal is reduced to 460-470 ℃;
f. hot rolling: e, rough rolling the cast ingot obtained in the step e into a hot rolling blank, and then carrying out hot finish rolling on the blank to prepare an aluminum alloy blank coil;
in the hot rolling process, the initial rolling temperature of rough rolling is controlled to be 460-470 ℃, the rolling pass of hot rough rolling is 17 passes, the emulsion pressure is controlled to be 0.5MPa, the concentration is 4.0%, and the temperature of the intermediate plate after rough rolling is 400-430 ℃; the finishing temperature of the hot finish rolling is 339 ℃, the emulsion pressure is controlled to be 0.55MPa in the hot finish rolling process, and the concentration is 6.0 percent; the thickness of the blank obtained after hot rolling is 8.0mm +/-0.05 mm, and the convexity of the plate type is controlled to be 3-5%;
g. cold rolling: cold rolling the aluminum alloy blank coil obtained after hot rolling by adopting two cold rolling processes to obtain cold-rolled coils with the thicknesses of 2.5mm and 3.5mm respectively;
h. annealing: annealing the cold-rolled coil with the thickness of 2.5mm obtained in the step g (in the annealing process, controlling the temperature to be 375-385 ℃, preserving the heat for 7.5 hours under the temperature condition, naturally cooling after annealing), cleaning after annealing to obtain a finished coil in an O state, and transversely shearing to obtain a finished plate;
performing intermediate annealing on the cold-rolled coil with the thickness of 3.5mm obtained in the step g (in the intermediate annealing process, the temperature is controlled to be 360-370 ℃, the heat is preserved for 6 hours under the temperature condition, and the cold-rolled coil is naturally cooled after annealing), performing secondary cold rolling after the intermediate annealing, and performing cold rolling until the thickness of a finished product is 2.5 mm;
i. and (3) stabilizing treatment: and (5) stabilizing the 2.5mm cold rolled coil obtained by secondary cold rolling after the intermediate annealing in the step H (in the stabilizing treatment, the temperature is controlled to be 240-250 ℃, the temperature is kept for 12 hours at the temperature, the coil is naturally cooled after being taken out of the furnace), cleaning the coil after the stabilizing treatment to obtain a finished coil in an H32 state, and then performing transverse shearing to obtain a finished plate.
The microstructure of the aluminum plate obtained in this example was analyzed:
cutting a 10 multiplied by 10mm sample block at the middle part of the aluminum plate of the product of the embodiment, mechanically polishing the surface, the cross section and the longitudinal section of the plate (sequentially polishing by using 240-mesh, 480-mesh, 800-mesh, 1200-mesh and 2000-mesh abrasive paper, then carrying out rough polishing and fine polishing treatment, controlling the rotating speed of a polishing machine at 300-600 rpm), carrying out electrolytic polishing, etching and washing, taking a picture under the conditions of 50, 100, 200 and 400 times by using a metallographic microscope after sample preparation, and carrying out microstructure observation and analysis; the sizes and the distributions of the surface grains, the cross section grains and the coarse second phase in the longitudinal section can be observed and analyzed respectively.
The performance evaluation of the product aluminum plate obtained in the embodiment:
and preparing a tensile sample from the finished plate according to the GB/T228-2010 metal material room temperature tensile test method. The test was carried out using a digital display type universal material drawing machine, with a drawing speed of 15 mm/min. Cutting an aluminum plate into small blocks of 10mm multiplied by 10mm, polishing the longitudinal section of the plate, sequentially using 240-mesh, 480-mesh, 800-mesh and 1500-mesh abrasive paper, rotating the grinding direction of a sample, and controlling the rotating speed of a sample grinding machine to be 300-600 rpm; then, rough polishing and fine polishing are carried out. And testing the hardness by using an HB-3000C Brinell hardness machine, wherein the diameter of an indenter is 2.5mm, the load is 612.9N, the dwell time is 15 seconds, and the hardness value calculation result adopts the GB/T231.1 standard. The relevant properties of the panels produced in this example are shown in table 2.
The embodiment shows that the truck oil tank aluminum alloy plate prepared by the method has excellent elongation rate and good comprehensive mechanical property while ensuring high strength.
Table 2 results of testing the properties of the aluminum plate prepared in example 2
Figure BDA0003219687420000081
Example 3:
the invention relates to a high-strength aluminum plate for a cargo vehicle oil tank, which comprises the following alloy elements in percentage by mass: mg 4.504%, Ta 0.211%, Si 0.139%, Fe 0.288%, Cu 0.041%, Mn 0.518%, Cr 0.126%, Zn 0.040%, Ti 0.020%, Na 0.0001%, and the balance of Al.
Example 4:
the production method of the high-strength aluminum plate for the cargo vehicle oil tank in the embodiment 3 of the invention comprises the following detailed steps:
a. smelting: pure aluminum ingots, pure magnesium ingots and pure zinc ingots are used as raw materials to carry out ingredient smelting, the smelting temperature is controlled to be 725-745 ℃ in the smelting process, and the smelting heat preservation time is 30 min; adding intermediate alloys Al-5Ta, Al-20Si, Al-5Fe, Al-50Cu, Al-20Mn, Al-5Cr and Al-5Ti-B in the smelting process for batching and smelting, wherein the batching temperature is 730-745 ℃; the components of the molten alloy obtained by smelting the aluminum alloy meet the alloy element composition of the high-strength aluminum plate for the cargo vehicle oil tank in the embodiment 3;
b. refining: refining the alloy liquid obtained in the step a, wherein the refining temperature is controlled to be 725-730 ℃ in the refining process, and the refining time is 45 min; standing for 30min after refining;
ar and Cl are adopted in the refining process 2 Is subjected to degassing purification (the Ar and Cl) 2 The volume percentage composition ratio of the two components is 85 percent and 15 percent respectively when the two components are mixed, the hydrogen content is less than 0.20ml/100g (Al) after the two components are placed in a standing furnace for refining, and the hydrogen content is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.15ml/100g (Al) by on-line degassing after degassing and purifying;
c. casting: b, casting the alloy liquid obtained after standing in the step b, controlling the casting temperature to be 695-720 ℃ in the casting process, and obtaining an aluminum alloy cast ingot after casting;
d. milling a surface: c, milling the aluminum alloy cast ingot obtained in the step c, wherein the milling amount of the large surface on one side is controlled to be 18mm and the milling amount of the small surface on one side is controlled to be 15mm in the milling process, the thickness difference of two sides of the obtained aluminum alloy cast ingot is less than or equal to 3mm, and the roughness of the large surface of a clean ingot is Ra0.3-0.5 mu m;
e. soaking treatment: c, carrying out soaking treatment on the aluminum alloy ingot subjected to surface milling in the step d;
the soaking treatment comprises two stages: in the first stage, the soaking constant temperature is controlled to be 475-490 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 10.5 hours under the temperature condition; stopping heating in the second stage, and preserving the heat for 3 hours when the temperature of the metal is reduced to 455-465 ℃;
f. hot rolling: e, rough rolling the cast ingot obtained in the step e into a hot rolling blank, and then carrying out hot finish rolling on the blank to prepare an aluminum alloy blank coil;
in the hot rolling process, the initial rolling temperature of rough rolling is controlled to be 460-470 ℃, the rolling pass of hot rough rolling is 17 passes, the emulsion pressure is controlled to be 0.5MPa, the concentration is 4.0%, and the temperature of the intermediate plate after rough rolling is 390-425 ℃; the finishing temperature of the hot finish rolling is 338 ℃, the emulsion pressure is controlled to be 0.55MPa in the hot finish rolling process, and the concentration is 6.0 percent; the thickness of the blank obtained after hot rolling is 8.0mm +/-0.05 mm, and the convexity of the plate type is controlled to be 3-5%;
g. cold rolling: cold rolling the aluminum alloy blank coil obtained after hot rolling by adopting two cold rolling processes to obtain cold-rolled coils with the thicknesses of 2.5mm and 3.5mm respectively;
h. annealing: annealing the cold-rolled coil with the thickness of 2.5mm obtained in the step g (in the annealing process, controlling the temperature to be 365-380 ℃, preserving the heat for 7 hours under the temperature condition, naturally cooling after annealing), cleaning after annealing to obtain an O-state finished coil, and performing transverse shearing to obtain a finished plate;
performing intermediate annealing on the cold-rolled coil with the thickness of 3.5mm obtained in the step g (in the intermediate annealing process, the temperature is controlled to be 365-380 ℃, the heat is preserved for 6 hours under the temperature condition, and the cold-rolled coil is naturally cooled after annealing), performing secondary cold rolling after the intermediate annealing, and performing cold rolling until the thickness of a finished product is 2.5 mm;
i. and (3) stabilizing treatment: and (5) stabilizing the 2.5mm cold rolled coil obtained by secondary cold rolling after the intermediate annealing in the step H (controlling the temperature to be 230-245 ℃ in the stabilizing treatment, preserving the heat for 12 hours at the temperature, naturally cooling after discharging), cleaning after treatment to obtain a finished product coil in an H32 state, and performing transverse shearing to obtain a finished product plate.
The microstructure of the aluminum plate obtained in this example was analyzed:
cutting a 10 multiplied by 10mm sample block at the middle part of the aluminum plate of the product of the embodiment, mechanically polishing the surface, the cross section and the longitudinal section of the plate (sequentially polishing by using 240-mesh, 480-mesh, 800-mesh, 1200-mesh and 2000-mesh abrasive paper, then carrying out rough polishing and fine polishing treatment, controlling the rotating speed of a polishing machine at 300-600 rpm), carrying out electrolytic polishing, etching and washing, taking a picture under the conditions of 50, 100, 200 and 400 times by using a metallographic microscope after sample preparation, and carrying out microstructure observation and analysis; the sizes and the distributions of the surface grains, the cross section grains and the coarse second phase in the longitudinal section can be observed and analyzed respectively.
The performance evaluation of the product aluminum plate obtained in the embodiment:
and preparing a tensile sample from the finished plate according to the GB/T228-2010 metal material room temperature tensile test method. The test was carried out using a digital display type universal material drawing machine, with a drawing speed of 15 mm/min. Cutting an aluminum plate into small blocks of 10mm multiplied by 10mm, polishing the longitudinal section of the plate, sequentially using 240-mesh, 480-mesh, 800-mesh and 1500-mesh abrasive paper, rotating the grinding direction of a sample, and controlling the rotating speed of a sample grinder to be 300-600 rpm; then, rough polishing and fine polishing are carried out. And testing the hardness by using an HB-3000C Brinell hardness machine, wherein the diameter of an indenter is 2.5mm, the load is 612.9N, the dwell time is 15 seconds, and the hardness value calculation result adopts the GB/T231.1 standard. The relevant properties of the panels produced in this example are shown in table 3.
The embodiment shows that the truck oil tank aluminum alloy plate prepared by the method has excellent elongation rate and good comprehensive mechanical property while ensuring high strength.
Table 3 detection results of the relative properties of the aluminum plate prepared in example 4 of the present invention
Figure BDA0003219687420000111
。

Claims (3)

1. A production method of a high-strength aluminum plate for a cargo vehicle oil tank is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. smelting: the high-strength aluminum plate comprises the following alloy elements in percentage by mass: 4.3 to 4.6 percent of Mg, 0.05 to 0.35 percent of Ta, less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.3 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Cu, 0.45 to 0.55 percent of Mn, 0.1 to 0.15 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Zn, 0.015 to 0.02 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.0003 percent of Na and the balance of Al;
pure aluminum ingots, pure magnesium ingots and pure zinc ingots are used as raw materials to carry out ingredient smelting, the smelting temperature is controlled to be 720-760 ℃ in the smelting process, and the smelting heat preservation time is 20-30 min; adding intermediate alloys Al-5Ta, Al-20Si, Al-5Fe, Al-50Cu, Al-20Mn, Al-5Cr and Al-5Ti-B in the smelting process for proportioning smelting, wherein the proportioning temperature is 730-750 ℃; the components of the alloy liquid obtained by smelting meet the alloy element composition of the high-strength aluminum plate for the cargo vehicle oil tank;
b. refining: refining the alloy liquid obtained in the step a, wherein the refining temperature is controlled to be 720-735 ℃ in the refining process, and the refining time is 30-60 min; standing for 20-40 min after refining;
ar and Cl are adopted in the refining process 2 Degassing and purifying the mixed gas to ensure that the hydrogen content is less than 0.20ml/100g (Al) after the mixed gas is refined in a standing furnace, and degassing on line after degassing and purifying to control the hydrogen content to be less than or equal to 0.15ml/100g (Al);
c. casting: b, casting the alloy liquid obtained after standing in the step b, wherein the casting temperature is controlled to be 690-720 ℃ in the casting process, and obtaining an aluminum alloy cast ingot after casting;
d. milling a surface: c, milling the aluminum alloy ingot obtained in the step c;
e. soaking treatment: c, carrying out soaking treatment on the aluminum alloy ingot subjected to surface milling in the step d;
the soaking treatment comprises two stages: in the first stage, the soaking constant temperature is controlled to be 475-495 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 8-12 hours under the temperature condition; stopping heating in the second stage, and preserving heat for 2-3 hours when the temperature of the metal is reduced to 450-470 ℃;
f. hot rolling: e, rough rolling the cast ingot obtained in the step e into a hot rolling blank, and then performing hot finish rolling on the blank to prepare an aluminum alloy blank coil;
in the hot rolling process, the initial rolling temperature of rough rolling is controlled to be 440-470 ℃, and the temperature of the intermediate plate after rough rolling is 380-440 ℃; the finish rolling temperature is 330-350 ℃, and the thickness of a finished product obtained after hot rolling is 8.0mm +/-0.05 mm;
g. cold rolling: cold rolling the aluminum alloy blank coil obtained after hot rolling to obtain cold-rolled coils with the thickness of 2.5mm and 3.5 mm;
h. annealing: annealing the cold-rolled coil with the thickness of 2.5mm obtained in the step g, cleaning the annealed cold-rolled coil to obtain an O-state finished coil, and performing transverse shearing to obtain a finished plate;
performing intermediate annealing on the cold-rolled coil with the thickness of 3.5mm obtained in the step g, performing secondary cold rolling after the intermediate annealing, and performing cold rolling until the thickness of a finished product is 2.5 mm;
in the annealing or intermediate annealing treatment process, the temperature is controlled to be 360-390 ℃, the temperature is kept for 6-8 hours under the temperature condition, and the annealing or intermediate annealing treatment process is naturally cooled;
i. and (3) stabilizing treatment: stabilizing the 2.5mm cold-rolled coil obtained by secondary cold rolling after intermediate annealing in the step H, cleaning the coil after the stabilization treatment to obtain a finished coil in an H32 state, and performing transverse shearing to obtain a finished plate;
and in the stabilizing treatment, the temperature is controlled to be 220-250 ℃, the temperature is kept for 12 hours at the temperature, and the product is naturally cooled after being discharged.
2. The method for producing a high-strength aluminum sheet for a cargo vehicle tank as claimed in claim 1, wherein: ar and Cl 2 The volume percentage of the two components in the mixing process is 80-85% and 20-15% respectively.
3. The method for producing a high-strength aluminum sheet for a cargo vehicle tank as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and d, controlling the large-surface single-side milling amount to be 12-20 mm and the small-surface single-side milling amount to be 10-15 mm in the surface milling process in the step d, wherein the thickness difference of two sides of the obtained aluminum alloy cast ingot is less than or equal to 3mm, and the roughness of the large surface of the clean ingot is Ra0.3-0.5 mu m.
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