CN1138588A - 膦酰基单酯核酸、其制备方法及应用 - Google Patents
膦酰基单酯核酸、其制备方法及应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1138588A CN1138588A CN96100508A CN96100508A CN1138588A CN 1138588 A CN1138588 A CN 1138588A CN 96100508 A CN96100508 A CN 96100508A CN 96100508 A CN96100508 A CN 96100508A CN 1138588 A CN1138588 A CN 1138588A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
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- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 133
- 108091034117 Oligonucleotide Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000000074 antisense oligonucleotide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000012230 antisense oligonucleotides Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- -1 Hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 206
- OPTASPLRGRRNAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cytosine Natural products NC=1C=CNC(=O)N=1 OPTASPLRGRRNAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 206
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 103
- 229940104302 cytosine Drugs 0.000 claims description 62
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 46
- UYTPUPDQBNUYGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanine Natural products O=C1NC(N)=NC2=C1N=CN2 UYTPUPDQBNUYGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 150000002148 esters Chemical group 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 claims description 37
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 37
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 22
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
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- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000002338 glycosides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002777 nucleoside Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 13
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-LMVFSUKVSA-N Ribose Natural products OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-LMVFSUKVSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-D-Furanose-Ribose Natural products OCC1OC(O)C(O)C1O HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000006736 (C6-C20) aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
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- NAGJZTKCGNOGPW-UHFFFAOYSA-K dioxido-sulfanylidene-sulfido-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([S-])=S NAGJZTKCGNOGPW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
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- XRECTZIEBJDKEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N flucytosine Chemical compound NC1=NC(=O)NC=C1F XRECTZIEBJDKEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004713 phosphodiesters Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- XQJHRCVXRAJIDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminophosphine Chemical compound PN XQJHRCVXRAJIDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylenediamine Natural products C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010532 solid phase synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000008575 L-amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
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- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005931 tert-butyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(OC(*)=O)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000006702 (C1-C18) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005336 allyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000539 amino acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000017455 cell-cell adhesion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- ZJXZSIYSNXKHEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(O)(O)=O ZJXZSIYSNXKHEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010044426 integrins Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 102000006495 integrins Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- QPPQHRDVPBTVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical class CC(C)OP(O)(O)=O QPPQHRDVPBTVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HZVOZRGWRWCICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanediyl Chemical compound [CH2] HZVOZRGWRWCICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CAAULPUQFIIOTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound COP(O)(O)=O CAAULPUQFIIOTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- RPGWZZNNEUHDAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylphosphine Chemical compound PC1=CC=CC=C1 RPGWZZNNEUHDAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000037803 restenosis Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010572 single replacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002221 trityl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1C([*])(C1=C(C(=C(C(=C1[H])[H])[H])[H])[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 claims 4
- YACKEPLHDIMKIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylphosphonic acid Chemical compound CP(O)(O)=O YACKEPLHDIMKIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229940122498 Gene expression inhibitor Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims 1
- NKDDWNXOKDWJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxymethane Chemical compound COCOC NKDDWNXOKDWJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005519 fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- GJHCZHRSZFLTCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxymethoxymethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound S(=O)(=O)(O)COCOC GJHCZHRSZFLTCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- HVZWVEKIQMJYIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitryl chloride Chemical compound [O-][N+](Cl)=O HVZWVEKIQMJYIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims 1
- JLCPHMBAVCMARE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-hydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methyl [5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] hydrogen phosphate Polymers Cc1cn(C2CC(OP(O)(=O)OCC3OC(CC3OP(O)(=O)OCC3OC(CC3O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)C(COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3CO)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)O2)c(=O)[nH]c1=O JLCPHMBAVCMARE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
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Abstract
描述了式(I)的新的寡核苷酸类似物,其中A、B、D、G、L、P、Q、Q′、RS、R6、X、Y、Z和n如说明书中限定,其具有有用的物理学、生物学和药理学性质,本发明还描述了这些化合物的制备方法。它们的应用涉及用作基因表达的抑制剂(反义寡核苷酸、核酶、正义寡核苷酸及三链体形成寡核苷酸)、用作检测核酸的探针及在分子生物学中用作辅助剂。
Description
本发涉及具有有用的物理学、生物学及药理学性质的新的寡核苷酸类似物,和其制备方法。它们的应用涉及用作基因表达的抑制剂(反义寡核苷酸、核酶、正义寡核苷酸及三链体形成寡核苷酸)、用作检测核酸的探针及分子生物学中的辅助剂。
寡核苷酸作为基因表达的抑制剂应用于越来越广泛(J.F.Milligan,M.D.Matteucci and J.C.Martin,J.Med.Chem.36(1993)1923;E.Uhlmann and A.Peyman,Chemical Peviews 90(1990)543;S.T.Crooke,Annu.Rev.Pharmacol.Toxicol.32(1992)329)。
反义寡核苷酸是其碱基序列与被抑制的mRNA互补的核酸片段。该靶mRNA可以是细胞、病毒或其他病原体来源的。可能的细胞靶序列例如是受体、酶、生长因子、免疫调节剂、离子通道或致癌基因的序列。已描述了借助反义寡核苷酸抑制病毒复制,例如抑制RSV(Rous肉瘤病毒)、HSV-1和-2(I和II型单纯疱疹病毒)、HIV(人免疫缺陷病毒)及流感病毒。在这种情况下,利用与病毒核酸互补的寡核苷酸。
然而要设计正义寡核苷酸的序列,以使它们结合(“俘获”)例如核酸结合蛋白质或核酸加工酶,并从而抑制它们的生物学活性(C.Helene and J.J.Toulme,Biochim,Biophys.Acta 1049(1990)99)。这里可以提到的病毒靶例如有反向转录酶、DNA聚合酶及反式激活蛋白。一般说来,三链体形成寡核苷酸以DNA为靶,并在与之结合后形成三链螺旋结构。
借助反义寡核苷酸总地抑制mRNA的加工或抑制其翻译成蛋白质的,三链体形成寡核苷酸抑制DNA的转录和复制(N.T.Thuong,and C.Helene,Angew.Chem,105(1993)697;Uhlmann and Peyman,Chemnical Reviews 90(1990)543)。然而,也有可能在第一次形成双链的杂交中用反义寡核苷酸结合单链核酸,然后在与三链体形成寡核苷酸的第二次杂交中形成三链体构。在此情况下反义和三链体结合区域可以容纳于两个分立的寡核苷酸中,或者在一个寡核苷酸中。
合成的寡核苷酸的进一步应用是所谓核酶,该酶作为其核酸酶活性的结果可破坏靶RNA(D.Castarrotto,J.J.Rossi.J.O.Deshler,Critical Rev.Eukar.Gene Expr.2(1992)331)。
在DNA诊断中,应用带有适当标记的核酸片段作为所谓的DNA探针,与待检测的核酸进行特异性杂交。在这种情况下,新双链的特异形成是借助标记来监测的,所说的标记以非放射活性的为好。用这种方法可以检测遗传性、肿瘤性、病毒性或其他病原体引起的疾病。
对于所提到的大多数应用来说,其天然存在形式寡核苷酸并不是很适用的或者说是完全不适用的。必须对它们进行化学修饰以使之适应特定需要。为了使寡核苷酸能应用于生物学系统,例如用于抑制病毒复制,它们必须满足下列要求:
1.在体内条件条件,即在血清和细胞内它们必须有足够高的稳定性。
2.在它们的构成上必须能够使之通过细胞和核膜。
3.它们必须在生理条件下以碱基特异方式与其靶核酸结合,以表现其抑制作用。
这些要求对于DNA探针不是必不可少的;然而,这些寡核苷酸必须被衍化,以使检测得以实现,例如借助荧光、化学发光、比色或特异性染色(Beck and Koster,Anal.Chem,62(1990)2258)。
许多寡核苷酸的化学变异都是已知的,已经合成了比未被修饰更好地满足上述要求的寡核苷酸。通常经适当地修饰磷酸酯骨架、核糖单位或核酸碱基进行对寡核苷酸的化学修饰(Uhlmannand Peyman,Chemical Review 90(1990)543)。修饰还包括用其他基团,例如已用“吗啉代核苷”寡聚体(E.P.Stirchak et al.,Nucleic Acids Res.17(1989)6129)或″PNAs″(P.E.Nielsen etal.,Bioconj.Chem 5(1994)3)取代了其中之磷酸桥接和糖单位的寡核苷酸。具体地说,PNA特征在于其对靶RNA有高亲和性,但又伴有其他一些不利性质,如缺乏溶解性或缺乏细胞穿透性(W.Wang et al.,Tetrahedron Letters 36(1995)1181;M.Egholm et al.,in″Innovation and Perspectives in Solid PhaseSynthesis,Peptides、Proteins,Nucleic Acids″,Roger Epton,Ed.Mayflower Worldwide Limited,Birmingham,1994,145-148)。
因此目的之一是要找到具有有利性质的新的寡核苷酸类似物。
其中上述n为0至100的数,
B各自是氢、羟基、(C1-C20)-烷基、(C1-C20)-烷氧基、(C1-C20)-烷硫基、(C6-C20)-芳基、(C6-C20)-芳基-C(C1-C6)-烷基、(C6-C20)-芳基-(C1-C6)-烷氧基、(C6-C20)-芳基-(C1-C6)-烷硫基、芳香基团或杂环基团,其中烷基、芳基和/或芳香或杂环基团可以被羟基、(C1-C4)-烷氧基、-NR9R10、-C(O)OH、氧代-C(O)OR8、C(O)NR9R10、-CN、-F、-Cl、
-Br、-NO2、(C2-C6)-烷氧基烷基、-S(O)mR8、-(C1-C6)-烷基-S(O)mR8、-NHC(=NH)NHR8、-C(=NH)NHR8、-NR9C(=O)R8、=NOR8、NR9C(=O)OR10、-OC(=O)NR9R10和-NR9C(=O)NR9R10一次或多次取代,或者B各自是天然核苷碱基、非天然核苷碱基或报告配基;
A-B也可以是通过羧基基团缩合的D-或L-氨基酸或者由这些氨基酸组成的具有多达5个氨基酸残基长度的肽,
L各自是N或R1N+,且
R1是氢或可被羟基、(C1-C6)-烷氧基、(C1-C6)-烷硫基或氨基取代的(C1-C6)-烷基,优选是氢或甲基;
A各自是单键、亚甲基或式IIa或IIb的基团:
Y1是=O、=S、=CH2、=C(CH3)2或=NR1,其中R1是如上所限定的基团;
M是单键、-O-、-S-或-NR1-,其中R1定义同上;
R2和R3各自是氢、羟基、(C1-C6)-烷氧基、(C1-C6)-烷硫基、氨基、卤素如F、Cl或Br,或可被羟基、(C1-C6)-烷氧基或(C1-C6)-烷硫基取代的(C1-C6)-烷基,但优选氢;
p和q各自是0至5;
r和s各自是0至5;
D和G各自是CR5R6;
R5和R6各自是氢、(C1-C6)-烷基、(C6-C20)-芳基、(C6-C20)-芳基-(C1-C6)-烷基、羟基、(C1-C6)-烷氧基、(C1-C6)-烷硫基、和可被SR1或NR1R′取代的烷基及芳基,其中R1定义同上,并且独立于R1的R1′具有如R1的意义,但R5和R6较好是氢;
X是-O-、-S-或-NR1-,其中R1定义同上;
Y是=O或=S;
Z是-OR8、NR9R10或X′Q″、其中X′定义同X,且Q″定义同Q;
R8是氢、(C1-C18)-烷基、(C2-C18)-链烯基、(C3-C18)-炔基、(C6-C12)-芳基、(C6-C12)-芳基-(C1-C6)-烷基,其中烷基可以被羟基、(C1-C4)-烷氧基、F、Cl或Br取代一次或多次,且芳基可被羟基、(C1-C4)-烷氧基、(C1-C4)-烷基、F、Cl、Br、NO2、-NR9R10、-C(O)OH、-C(O)O-(C1-C6)-烷基或-C(O)NR9R10取代1-3次,但较好是氢、(C1-C6)-烷基、(C6-C12)-芳基或(C6-C12)-芳基-(C1-C6)-烷基,其中芳基可被(C1-C4)-烷氧基、(C1-C4)-烷基、F、CL、Br或NO2单取代,并且特别优选的是氢、(C1-C6)-烷基、苯基或2-(4-硝基苯基)乙基;
R9和R10各自是氢、(C1-C18)-烷基、(C1-C18)-链烯基、(C1-C18)-炔基、(C6-C12)-芳基、(C6-C12)-芳基-(C1-C6)-烷基,其中烷基可被羟基、(C1-C4)-烷氧基、F、Cl或Br取代一次或多次,或者R9和R10可与连结它们的N原子一起形成4至7元环;
Q和Q′各自是氢或R8,
或有利地影响反义寡核苷酸或三链体形成寡核苷酸之性质的偶联物或作为DNA探针的标记或在寡核苷酸类似物与靶核酸的杂交中经结合或交联攻击该靶核酸的偶联物,或者是可以未被修饰或经过修饰的寡核苷酸,可以举出下例变异体作为某些修饰的例子(例如参见E.Uhlmann and A.Peyman,Chemical Reviews90(1990)543;″Protocals for Oligonucleotides and Anglogs″,Synthesis and Properties & Synthessis and Analytical Tech niques,S.Agrawal,Ed,Humana Press,Totowa,USA 1993中所述的修饰):
a)例如用硫代磷酸酯、二硫代磷酸酯、NR4R4′-氨基磷酸酯、磷硼酸酯(boranophosphate)、磷酸-(C1-C21)-O-烷基酯、磷酸-〔(C6-C12)-芳基(C1-C12)-O-烷基〕酯、2,2,2-三氯二甲基乙基膦酸酯、(C1-C8)烷基膦酸酯或(C6-C12)-芳基膦酸酯桥完全或部分取代3′-和/或5′-磷酸二酯桥,其中R4和R4′各自是氢、(C1-C18)-烷基、(C6-C20)-芳基、(C6-C14)-芳基-(C1-C8)-烷基或-(CH2)C-〔NH(CH2)C〕d-NR7R7,其中c是2到6的整数,d是0到6的整数,且R7各自是氢、(C1-C6)-烷基或(C1-C4)-烷氧基-(C1-C6)-烷基,R4和R4′优选是氢、(C1-C8)-烷基或甲氧基乙基,特别优选的是氢、(C1-C4)-烷基或甲氧基乙基,或者R4和R4′也可以连同连接它们的氮原子一起形成可以另外含有选自O、S和N系列之其他杂原子的5之或6元杂环;
b)用“脱磷酸”桥接部分(例如参见Uhlmann and Peyman,″Methods in M o lcular Biolgy″,Vol.20,″Protocols forOligonucleotides a nd Analogs″,S.Agrawal,Ed.,HumanaPress,Totowa 1993,Chapter 16,355 ff),例如用缩甲醛(formacetal)、3′-硫代缩甲醛、甲基羟胺、亚甲基二甲基联亚氨基、二亚甲基砜或甲硅烷基完全或部分地取代3′-或5′-磷酸二酯桥接部分;
c)例如用“吗啉代核苷”寡聚体(E.P.Stirchak et al.,Nucleic Acids Res.17(1989)6129)或″PNAs″(P.E.Nielsen etal.,Bioconj.Chem.5(1994)3)或例如DE-P 4408528.1和EP-A 0 672 677(HOE 94/F 057)中所述的PNA-DNA杂合物完全或部分地取代磷酸糖酯骨架;
d)例如用α-D-2′-脱氧核糖、L-2′-脱氧核糖、2′-F-2′脱氧核糖、2′-O-(C1-C6)烷基-核糖、2′-O-(C2-C6)链烯基核糖、2′-NH2-2′-脱氧核糖、β-D-木呋喃糖、α-阿拉伯呋喃糖、2,4-二脱氧-β-D-赤吡喃己糖,和碳环(如参见Froehler,J.Am.Chem.Soc.114(1992)8320)和开链糖类似物(如参见Vandendriesshe et al.,Tetrahedron 49(1993)7223)或双环糖类似物(如参见M.Tarkov et al.,Helv.Chim.Acta 76(1993)481)完全或部分地取代β-D-2′-脱氧核糖单位;
e)例如用5-(羟甲基)尿嘧啶、5-氨基尿嘧啶、假尿嘧啶、二氢尿嘧啶、5-(C1-C6)-烷基尿嘧啶、5-(C2-C6)-链烯基尿嘧啶、5-(C2-C6)-炔基尿嘧啶(例如在Gutierrez et el.,J.Am.Chem.S oc.116(1994)540或Sagi et al.,Tetrahedron Lett.34(1993)2191中所描述的)、5-(C1-C6)烷基胞嘧啶、5-(C2-C6)链烯基胞嘧啶、5-(C2-C6)-炔基胞嘧啶(Gutierrez等,J.Am.Chem.Soc.116(1994)540或Sagi等Tetrahedron Lett.34(1993)2191)、5-氟尿嘧啶、5-氟胞嘧啶、5-氯尿嘧啶、5-氯胞嘧啶、5-溴尿嘧啶、5-溴胞嘧啶或7-脱氮杂-7-取代的嘌呤(如参见Seela,Nucl.Acids Res.20(1992)2297);Heterocycles34(1992)229)完全或部分地取代天然核苷碱基。
Q和Q′也可以是有利地影响反义寡核苷酸或三链体形成寡核苷酸之性质(例如细胞通透作用、核酸酶降解作用、对靶RAN/DNA的亲和性、药物动力学)的偶联物,或作为DNA探针中的标记,或在寡核苷酸类似物与靶核酸的杂交中经结合或交联攻击该靶核酸的偶联物。这些偶联物的例子是与多聚赖氨酸、与嵌入剂如嵌二萘、吖啶、吩嗪、菲啶与荧光化合物例如荧光素、与交联剂如补骨脂素、迭氮基二氨基吖啶、与亲脂分子如(C12-C20)-烷基、与脂如1.2-二-十六烷基-rac-甘油、与维生素如维生素E、与多聚或寡聚乙二醇、与(C12-C18)-烷基磷酸二酯、与-O-CH2-CH(OH)-O-(C12-C18)-烷基形成的偶联物。优选的偶联物是与亲脂分子如(C12-C20)-烷基、与类固醇如胆固醇或睾酮、与多聚或寡聚乙二醇、与维生素E、与嵌入剂如嵌二萘、与(C14-C18)-烷基磷酸二酯或与-O-CH2-CH(OH)-O-(C12-C16)-烷基形成的偶联物。
这种类型的寡核苷酸偶联物的制备是本领域技术人员已知的(例如参见Uhlmann & Peyman,Chem.Rev.90(1990)543;M.Manoharan in″Antisense Research and Applications″,Crookeand Lebleu,Eds.,CRC Press,boca Raton,1993,Chapter 17,P.303 ff和EP-A 0 522 766)。另外,寡核苷酸可在3′或5′末端上携带有3′-3′和5′-5′倒位(例如参见M.Koga et al.,J.Org.Chem 56(1991)3757)。
芳香基团例如可以是苯基、萘基、芘基、蒽基、菲基、联苯基、双萘基、并四苯基、并五苯基、并六苯基、苯并菲基、基或苯并芘基。
杂环基团按其意义例如可以是苯并二氢吡喃基、苯并吡喃鎓-1-基、呋喃基、异苯并二氢吡喃基、异苯并吡喃基、异喹啉基、哌嗪基、喹啉基、吡啶基、吡咯烷基、咪唑基、四氢呋喃基、氮丙啶基、环氧乙基、苯硫基、嘧啶基、硫杂茂烷基、噻唑基、氮杂基、吡咯基、四氢吡咯基、苯并呋喃基、吲哚基、异氮杂茚基、靛红基、二氧吲哚基、吲哚氧基、香豆素基、苯并呋喃基、咔唑基、吡唑基、吡咯基、吲唑基、噁唑基、异噁唑基、噻唑基、1,2,4-三唑基、1,2,3-三唑基、四唑基、五唑基、哌啶基、哒嗪基、吩嗪基、吩噁嗪基、吩噻嗪基、吗啉基、噻嗪基、苯并二氮杂基、嘌呤基、黄嘌呤基、次黄嘌呤基、二甲基黄嘌呤基、咖啡碱基(caffeinyl)、蝶啶基、蝶呤基、蝶啶基、咯嗪基和降托品基(nortropinyl)。
天然核苷碱基可以理解为例如尿嘧啶、胞嘧啶、5-甲基尿嘧啶、腺嘌呤和鸟嘌呤,并且非天然核苷碱基例如为5-硝基吲哚、5-(羟甲基)-尿嘧啶、5-氨基尿嘧啶、假尿嘧啶、二氢尿嘧啶、5-(C1-C6)-烷基尿嘧啶、5-(C2-C6)-链烯基尿嘧啶、5-(C3-C6)-炔基尿嘧啶、5-(C1-C6)-烷基胞嘧啶、5-(C2-C6)-链烯基胞嘧啶、5-(C3-C6)-炔基胞嘧啶、5-氟尿嘧啶、5-氟胞嘧啶、5-氯尿嘧啶、5-氯胞嘧啶、5-溴尿嘧啶、5-溴胞嘧啶和7-脱氮杂-7-取代的嘌呤如7-脱氮杂-7-(C3-C7)-炔基鸟嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-(C3-C7)-炔基腺嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-(C2-C7)-烯基鸟嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-(C2-C7)-链烯基腺嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-(C1-C7)-烷基鸟嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-(C1-C7)-烷基腺嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-溴鸟嘌呤和7-脱氮杂-7-溴腺嘌呤。
非天然的核苷碱基中优选的是5-(C1-C6)-烷基尿嘧啶、5-(C2-C6)-链烯基尿嘧啶、5-(C3-C6)-炔基尿嘧啶、5-(C1-C6)-烷基胞嘧啶、5-(C2-C6)-链烯基胞嘧啶、5-(C3-C6)-炔基胞嘧啶、5-氟尿嘧啶、5-氟胞嘧啶、5-氯尿嘧啶、5-氯胞嘧啶、5-溴尿嘧啶、5-溴胞嘧啶或7-脱氮杂-7-取代的嘌呤如7-脱氮杂-7-(C3-C7)-炔基鸟嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-(C3-C7)-炔基腺嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-(C2-C7)-链烯基鸟嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-(C2-C7)-链烯基腺嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-(C1-C7)-烷基鸟嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-(C1-C7)-烷基腺嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-溴鸟嘌呤和7-脱氮杂-7-溴腺嘌呤,特别优选5-(C3-C6)-烷基尿嘧啶、5-(C2-C6)-链烯基尿嘧啶、5-(C3-C6)-炔基尿嘧啶、5-(C1-C6)-烷基胞嘧啶、5-(C2-C6)-链烯基胞嘧啶、5-(C3-C6)-炔基胞嘧啶或7-脱氮杂-7-取代的嘌呤,并且最优选的是5-戊炔基胞嘧啶、5-己炔基尿嘧啶、5-己炔基胞嘧啶、7-脱氮杂-7-丙炔基鸟嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-丙炔基腺嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-甲基鸟嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-甲基腺嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-丙炔基腺嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-溴鸟嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-溴腺嘌呤。
报告 配基例如是荧光素、生物素、吖啶、菲咯啉、菲啶和曙红。
如果没有特别指出,可列举的D-或L-氨基酸如下(参见Schroder,Lubke,Peptides,Vol.1,New York 1965,pp.XXII-XXIII;Houben-Weyl,Methoden der Organischen Chemie有机化学方法Vol.XV/1 and 2,Stuttgart 1974):Aad,Abu,γAbu,ABz,2ABz,εAca,Ach,Acp,Adpd,Ahb,Aib,βAib,Ala,βAla,ΔAla,Alg,All,Ama,Amt,Ape,Apm,Apr,Arg,Asn,Asp,Asu,Aze,Azi,Bai,Bph,Can,Cit,Cys,Cyta,Daad,Dab,Dadd,Dap,Dapm,Dasu,Djen,Dpa,Dtc,Fel,Gln,Glu,Gly,Guv,hAla,hArg,hCys,hGln,hGlu,His,hlle,hLeu,hLys,hMet,hPhe,hPro,hSer,hThr,hTrp,hTyr,Hyl,Hyp,3Hyp,Ile,Ise,Iva,Kyn,Lant,Lcn,Leu,Lsg,Lys,βLys,ΔLys,Met,Mim,Min,hArg,Nle,Nva,Oly,Orn,Pan,Pec,Pen,Phe,Phg,Pic,Pro,ΔPro,Pse,Pya,Pyr,Pza,Qin,Ros,Sar,Sec,Sem,Ser,Thi,βThi,Thr,Thy,Thx,Tia,Tle,Tly,Trp,Trta,Tyr,Val等,没有立体描述符的缩写字是指L-型残基,或者可以是环状氨基酸如吡咯烷-2-羧酸;哌啶-2-羧酸;1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉-3-羧酸;十氢异喹啉-3-羧酸;八氢异喹啉-2-羧酸;十氢喹啉-2-羧酸;八氢环戊并〔b〕吡咯-2-羧酸;2-氮杂双环〔2.2.2〕辛烷-3-羧酸;2-氮杂双环〔2,2,1〕庚烷-3-羧酸;2-氮杂双环〔2,2.1〕己烷-3-羧酸;2-氮杂螺〔4.4〕壬烷-3-羧酸;2-氮杂螺〔4.5〕癸烷-3-羧酸;螺〔(双环〔2.2.1〕庚烷)-2,3-吡咯烷-5-羧酸〕;螺〔(双环〔 2.2.2〕辛烷)-2,3-吡咯烷-5-羧酸〕;2-氮杂三环〔4.3.0.16.9〕癸烷-3-羧酸;十氢环庚〔b〕吡咯-2-羧酸;十氢环辛〔b〕吡咯-2-羧酸;八氢环庚〔C〕吡咯-2-羧酸;八氢异吲哚-1-羧酸;2,3,3a,4,6a-六氢环庚〔b〕吡咯-2-羧酸;2,3,3a,4,5,7a-六氢吲哚-2-羧酸;四氢噻唑-4-羧酸;异恶唑烷-3-羧酸;吡唑烷-3-羧酸;羟基吡咯烷-2-羧酸;所有这些都可以被取代: US-A 4,344,949, US-A 4,374,847, US-A 4,350,704,EP-A 29 488, EP-A 31 741, EP-A 46 953, EP-A 49 605,EP-A 49 658, EP-A 50 800, EP-A 51 020, EP-A 52 870,EP-A 79 022, EP-A 84 164, EP-A 89 637, EP-A 90 341,EP-A 90 362, EP-A 105 102, EP-A 109 020, EP-A 111 873,EP-A 271 865 and EP-A 344 682。
烷基和由之衍生的残基如烷氧基和烷硫基可以是分支的、未分支的或环状的,饱和的或单不饱和的或多不饱和的。
优选的式I化合物是其中有下列基团的化合物:n是0至50的数;B各自是天然核苷碱基或非天然核苷碱基;L是N;A是式IIb的基团,其中r=1,S是零,且R2、R3=H,Y’=O且M是单键;D和G各自是CHR5;R5是氢;X是-O-;Y是=O;Z是羟基、甲氧基、乙氧基、(4-硝基苯基)乙氧基、丙氧基、异丙氧基、丁氧基、戊氧基、苯氧基或烯丙氧基;Q和Q’各自是氢、R8或可被修饰或未被修饰的寡核苷酸,其中
a)3’-和/或5’-磷酸二酯桥接部分被硫代磷酸酯、二硫代磷酸酯、NR4R4’-氨基磷酸酯、N3’→P5’-氨基磷酸酯(例如在Gryaznov et al.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.116(1994)3143中描述的)、磷酸O-甲基酯、磷酸O-乙基酯、磷酸O-异丙基酯、甲基膦酸或苯基膦酸酯桥部分完全或部分地取代;
b)嘧啶位中及5’末端和/或3’末端上的1个,2个或3个3’-或5’-磷酸二酯桥接部分被缩甲醛和/或3’-硫代缩甲醛取代;
c)磷酸糖酯骨架被“PNA”或PNA-DNA杂合体完全或部分地取代;
d)β-D-2’-脱氧核糖单位被2’-F-2’-脱氧核糖、2’-O-(C1-C6)-烷基核糖、2’-O-(C2-C6)链烯基核糖或2’-NH2-2’-脱氧核糖完全或部分地取代;
e)天然核苷碱基被5-(C1-C6)-烷基尿嘧啶/5-(C2-C6)-链烯基尿嘧啶/5-(C2-C6)-炔基尿嘧啶、5-(C2-C6)-烷基胞嘧啶、5-(C2-C6)-链烯基胞嘧啶、5-(C2-C6)-炔基胞嘧啶、5-氟尿嘧啶、5-氟胞嘧啶、5-氯尿嘧啶、5-氯胞嘧啶、5-溴尿嘧啶、5-溴胞嘧啶、7-脱氮杂-7-(C2-C7)-炔基鸟嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-(C2-C7)-炔基腺嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-(C2-C7)-链烯基鸟嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-(C2-C7)-链烯基腺嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-(C1-C7)-烷基鸟嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-(C1-C7)-烷基腺嘌呤7-脱氮杂-7-溴鸟嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-溴腺嘌呤。
更优选的式I化合物是其中包括下列基团的化合物:n是0至30的数;Q和Q1各自氢、R8,其中R8是H、(C1-C6)-烷基、苯基或2-(4-硝基苯基)乙基,或者是可未被修饰或被修饰的寡核苷酸,其中a)3’-和/或5’-磷酸二酯桥接部分被硫代磷酸酯、二硫代磷酸酯或甲膦酸酯桥接部分完全或部分地取代;b)5’-和3’-末端上的1个、2个或3个3’-或5’-磷酸二酯桥接部分被取代;c)磷酸糖酯骨架被“PNA”或PNA-DAN复合物完全或部分地取代;d)β-D-2’-脱氧核糖被2’-F-2’-脱氧核糖、2’-O-(C1-C4)-烷基核糖、2’-O-(C2-C4)-链烯基核糖或2’-NH2-2’-脱氧核糖完全或部分地取代;
e)天然核苷碱基被5-(C3-C6)-烷基尿嘧啶、5-(C2-C6)-链烯基尿嘧啶、5-(C2-C6)-炔基尿嘧啶、5-(C1-C6)-烷基胞嘧啶、5-(C2-C6)-链烯胞嘧啶、5-(C2-C6)-炔基胞嘧啶、7-脱氮杂-7-(C2-C7)-炔基鸟嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-(C2-C7)-炔基腺嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-(C2-C7)-链烯基鸟嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-(C2-C7)-链烯基腺嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-(C1-C7)-烷基鸟嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-(C1-C7)-烷基腺嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-溴鸟嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-溴腺嘌呤。
最优选的式I化合物是其中包括下列基团的化合物:n是从0到25的数;B各自是天然核苷碱基;Z是羟基、乙氧基、(4-硝基苯基)乙氧基或苯氧基;Q和Q’各自是氢、R8,其中R8是H、(C1-C6)-烷基、苯基或2-(4-硝基苯基)乙基,或者是可以未被修饰或被修饰的寡核苷酸,其中
a)3’-和/或5’-磷酸二酯桥接部分被硫代磷酸酯桥接部分完全或部分地取代;
c)磷酸糖酸骨架被“PNA”或PNA-DAN杂合物完全或部分地取代;
d)β-D-2’-脱氧核糖被2’-O-甲基-、2’-O-烯丙基-或2’-O-丁基核糖完全或部分地取代;
e)天然核苷碱基被5-己炔基胞嘧啶、5-己炔基尿嘧啶、5-己炔基胞嘧啶、7-脱氮杂-7-丙炔基鸟嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-丙炔基腺嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-甲基鸟嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-甲基腺嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-溴鸟嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-溴腺嘌呤完全或部分地取代。
本发明进一步涉及其中Q和Q’相连接,即形成环状分子的式I的化合物,其中仍有Q和Q’一起提供一条单键的可能性。可按照已描述的方法,例如Gao等人(Nucl.Acids Res.23(1995)2025)或Wang和Kool(Nucl.Acids Res.22(1994)2326)所述方法合成这样的化合物。
本发明进一步涉及寡核苷酸或被修饰的寡核苷酸,例如PNA,其中式I的化合物被掺入在3’末端或5’末端,或5’和3’末端。
寡核苷酸与式I化合物的键合优选是通过核苷酸单位的5’-或3’-羟基基团,同样也可通过膦酸单酯键完成。式XVIII和XIX中借助实例说明与寡核苷酸的键合.R17是H、OH、F、2’-O-(C1-C6)-烷基或2’-O-(C2-C6)-链烯基,较好是H或甲氧基或O-烯丙基,特别优选的是H。所有其他可变基团如上文所述。
根据本发明的式I化合物(如果Q和Q’=H即缩写PMENA)与寡核苷酸或经修饰的寡核苷酸(例如RNA或如上所述的其他修饰)的组合将再次用图示说明(OLIGO是未被修饰的或经过修饰的寡核苷酸):
这种组合的例子是:
5′-OLIGO-PMENA
5′-PMENA-OLIGO
5′-OLIGO-PMENA-OLIGO
所提到的进一步组合方式是:
5′-OLIGO-(PMENA-OLIGO)a(a=1-20)
5′-PMENA-OLIGO-PMENA
5′-PMENA-(OLIGO-PMENA)a(a=1-20)
以这样一种方式,即首先根据所合成的分子结构按如下所述方法合成PMENA单位,然后再将其与寡核苷酸单位偶联以合成这些组合的化合物。在该方法中,寡核苷酸作为单体单位进行偶联或经固相合成法进行嵌段缩合或按本领域已知的方法(Sonveaux,Bioorganic Chemistry14(1986)274ff)进行溶液合成以完成偶联。另外也可以按酰胺酯(amidite)方法、H-磷酸酯方法或磷酸三酯方法(Sonveaux,Bioorganic Chemisty 14(1986)274ff)进行缩合。相反,如果PMENA被偶联到OLIGO单位上,则优选使用f1)中所述的方法。以同样的方式完成与PNA单位的偶联,如果(单体或寡聚体)PNA单位偶联到PMENA单位上,则用本领域技术人员已知的肽合成或酯合成方法。
本发明进一步涉及制备式I化合物的方法,该方法包括:
a1)使式III的化合物:其中D、G、L和X具有上述意义,并且
S1是适当的保护基团,如二甲氧基三苯甲基、一甲氧基三苯甲基、三苯甲基、Pixyl、叔丁氧基羰基或芴基甲氧基羰基,较好是一甲氧基三苯甲基或叔丁氧羰基,
与式IV的化合物:其中R5和R6具有上述的意义,在适当的有机溶剂,如在甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、丁醇、乙腈、二氯甲烷(DCM)、氯仿、苯、二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、二甲基亚砜(DMSO)、乙醚、乙酸乙酯(EA)、四氢呋喃(THF)、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、石油醚、二甲苯或甲苯或适当溶剂的混合物中,较好在甲醇或乙醇中,于0℃到100℃,较好在10至50℃的温度下反应,得到式Va或Vb的化合物其中所选用的反应条件是本领域技术人员已知的(如参见S.R.Sandler,W.Karo“Organic Functional Group Preparations”,Vol.II,Second Edition,Academic Press,London,1986,Chapter 12(“Imines”)),要注意的是它们是与保护基团S1相适应的,即如果选择对酸不稳定的保护基团如一甲氧基三苯甲基保护基团,则在反应期间不应加酸,
其中Y是如上限定的基团,
X’和X”各自是如X所限定的基团,
S2和S3各自是保护基团,如甲基、乙基、苯基、2-氯苯基、2,5-二氯苯基、2,4-二氯苯基、4-硝基苯基、4-甲氧基苯基、2-氰乙基、2-(4-硝基苯基)乙基、烯丙基、苄基、2,2,2-三氯-1,1-二甲基乙基、4-甲氧基苄基、2,2,2-三氯乙基、8-羟基喹啉或如本领域技术人员已知的其他磷酸酯保护基团(Sonveaux,Bioorganic Chemistry 14(1986)274ff),但较好是甲基、乙基、苯基、2-(4-硝基苯基)乙基、烯丙基或2,2,2-三氯乙基,并且L1是离去基团,较好是(C1-C4)-烷基,在适当有机溶剂如甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、丁醇、乙腈、苯、DMF、DMSO、DCM、EA、氯仿、乙醚、THF、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、石油醚、二甲苯或甲苯或适当溶剂的混合物中,较好是在THF中,在0℃至100℃,较好在50至80℃的温度下进行反应,必要时加入碱,如三-(C1-C6)-烷基胺、N-烷基吗啉、吡啶、N,N-二甲基氨基吡啶、丁基锂、二异丙基氨基锂(LDA)、氢化钠、氨基钠、碳酸钾、碳酸钯、叔丁醇钾或复合碱如氨基钠-R11ONa,其中R11是(C2-C6)-烷基或CH3-CH2-O-CH2CH3,或不带电荷的、全烷基化的聚氨基膦嗪碱(Schwesinger,Nachr,Chem.Techn Lab.38(1990)1214;Angew.Chen.99(1989)1212),但较好是不加碱,以得到式VII的化合物其中D、G、L、R5、R6、S1、S2、S3、X、X’、X”和Y具有上文限定的意义;
C1)使式VII的化合物与式VIII的化合物其合成例如参见Dueholm等人(J.Org.Chem.59(1994)5767)所述,且其中A具有上述的意义,BPR具有如B的定义,但其可能以被保护的形成存在,即如果B是天然或非天然核苷碱基,则BPR是其氨基或羟基基团被适当的已知保护基团,如用于保护羟基基团的对硝基苯乙基、苯甲酰基、烯丙基和对-(叔丁基)苯甲酰基,和用于保护氨基基团的乙酰基、苯甲酰基、对-(叔丁基)苯甲酰基、对-(甲氧基)苯甲酰基、对-硝基苯乙氧基羰基、异丁酰基、对-(叔丁基)苯乙酰基、N,N-二甲基甲酰亚氨基、芴基甲氧基羰基、苄氧基羰基或苯氧基乙酰,或在寡核苷酸化学中常用于核苷碱基的其他保护基团(Sonveaux,Bioorgaric Chemistry 14(1986)274ff;Beaueage,Tetrahedron 49(1993)2223ff)保护的核苷碱基,可提到的BPR的基团较好是:其中
R12是氢、1-丙炔基、1-丁炔基、1-戊炔基或1-己炔基,特别是氢、1-丙炔基或己炔基;
R13是氢、二苯基氨基甲酰基或2-(4-硝基苯基)-乙基,及
R14是乙酰基、苯甲酰基、对-(叔丁基)苯甲酰基、对-(甲氧基)苯甲酰基、对-硝基苯基乙氧基羰基、异丁酰基、对-(叔丁基)苯基乙酰、苄氧基羰基或苯氧基乙酰,且
L2是本领域技术人员已知的离去基团,如Cl、Br、O-SO2甲基、O-SO2三氟甲基、O-甲苯磺酸酯或O-C6F5,或者如果A具有式IIb的意义,则其也可以是OH;在适当的有机溶剂,如在乙腈、苯、DMF、DMSO、DCM、EA、氯仿、乙醚、四甲基脲、THF、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、石油醚、二甲苯或甲苯或适当溶剂的混合物中,较好在DMF中,在-20℃到100℃,较好在0到50℃的温度下进行反应,必要时可加入碱如三-(C1-C6)-烷基胺、N-烷基吗啉、吡啶、N,N-二甲基氨基吡啶、丁基锂、二异丙基氨基锂(LDA)、氢化钠、氨基钠、碳酸钾、碳酸铯、叔丁醇钾或复合碱如氨基钠-R11ONa,其中R11是(C2-C6)-烷基或CH3CH2-O-CH2CH3或不带电荷的、全烷基化的聚氨基膦嗪碱(Schwesinger,Nachr.Chem.Techn.Lab.38(1990)1214;Angrew.Chem 99(1987)1212),如果A是式IIb且L2是OH,优选加入三乙胺、二异丙基乙胺或N-乙基吗啉或不加碱,并加入常规用于偶联肽键的偶联剂,
其中A、BPR、D、G、L、R5、R6、S1、S2、S3、X、X’、X”和Y是如上限定的;
d1)用已知方法(如参见Greene,Wuts,Protective Groupsin Organic Synthesis,J.Miley & Sons,New York 1991)从式IX的化合物中除去保护基团S3,例如,对于其中S2和S3是2-(4-硝基苯基)乙基的式IX的化合物,于室温溶解于吡淀或乙腈中的0.1M 1,8-二氮杂双环〔5.4.0〕十一碳-7-烯(DBU)处理,或者对于其中S2和S3是苯基或乙基的式IX的化合物,用氨水处理,或者对于其中S2是2-(4-硝基苯基)乙基且S3是烯丙基的式IX的化合物,用溶解于DSM中的Pd〔P(C6H5)3〕4和三苯膦处理(Hayakawa et al.,J Org.Chem,58(1993)5551),或者对于其中S2是2-(4-硝基苯基)乙基且S3是烯丙基的式IX的化合物,用溶解于吡啶或乙腈中的0.5M DBU处理,或者对于其中S2是2-氰乙基且S3是烯丙基的式IX的化合物,用溶解于吡啶中的三乙胺处理,或者对于其中S2是2-(4-硝基苯基)乙基且S3是2,2,2-三氯-1,1-二甲基乙基的式IX的化合物,则用三丁基膦外理,
得到式X的化合物
其中A、BPR、D、G、L、R5、R6、S1、S2、X、X’、X”和Y是如上文所限定的;
e1)用已知方法(如Greene,Wuts,Protective Groups inOrganic Synthesis,J.Wiley & Sons,New York 1991;Sonveaux,Bioorganic Chemistry 14(1986)274ff)从式IX的化合物中除去保护基团S1,例如用酸处理,如用80%乙酸,用溶解于二氯甲烷或氯仿中的1-4%二氯乙酸,用溶解于DCM/甲醇中的对甲苯磺酸或氯仿中的1%三氟乙酸处理,以除去单甲氧基三苯甲基保护基团,
其中A、BPR、D、G、L、R5、R6、S2、S3、X、X’、X”和Y是如上文所限定的;
f1)按照寡核苷酸化学中已知的“磷酸三酯法”(Sonveaux,Bioorganic Chemistry 14(1986)2744 ff,Reese,J.Chem,Soc,Perkin Trans.1993,2291ff),使式XI的化合物与式X的化合物在适当的有机溶剂,如乙腈、苯、DMF、DMSO、DCM、EA、氯仿、乙醚、四甲基脲、THF、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、石油醚、二甲苯或甲苯或适当溶剂的混合物中,较好在吡啶中,于-20℃到100℃,较好0到50℃的温度下反应,其中加入偶联剂如6-硝基苯并三唑-1-基氧基三(二甲基氨基)磷六氟磷酸盐(NBOP,Hashmi,Nucleosides & Nuclestides 13(1994)1059)、苯并三唑-1-基氧基三(二甲基氨基)鏻六氟磷酸盐(BOP,B.Castro,J.R.Dormmoy, G.Evin and C.Selve,Tetrahedron Lett.1975,1219-1222)、苯并三唑-1-基氧基三吡咯烷-1-基鏻六氟磷酸盐(PyBOP,J.Coste,D.Le-Nguyen and B.Castro,Tetrahedron Lett.1990,205-208)、O-(7-氮杂)苯并三唑-1-基四甲基脲鎓六氟磷酸盐(HATU,L.Carpino,J.Am.Chem.Soc.1993,115,4397),N,N-双〔2-氧代-3-恶唑烷基〕二氨基磷酰氯(Katti,Tetrahedron Lett.26(1985)2547)、2-氯-5,5-二甲基-2-氧代-1,3,2-二氧杂磷杂己环(Stawinski,Nucl,AcidsRes,Symp.Ser.24,1991 229),或式XII的化合物
其中R15是(C6-C12)-芳基,其可以被(C1-6)-烷基、(C1-C6)-烷氧基、硝基、溴或氯取代1至4次,并且其中1至3个碳原子可以被杂原子,优选氮取代,即例如苯基、甲苯基、2,4,6-三甲基苯基、2,4,6-三异丙基苯基、2,3,5,6-四甲基苯(Losse,LiebigsAm.Chem.1989,19ff)、4-溴苯、2-硝基苯、4-硝基苯或8-喹啉基,较好是2,4,6-三甲基苯基或2,4,6-三异丙基苯基,并且
R16是离去基团如氯、溴、咪唑、三唑、4-硝基咪唑、1,2,3,4-四唑或3-硝基-1,2,4-三唑,
优选使用式XII化合物的偶联剂或BOP、PyBOP或HATU,
可以加入或不加催化剂(Reese,J.Chem,Soc.PerkinTrans,1993,2291 ff),如N-甲基-咪唑,N-氧化吡啶如4-甲氧基吡啶-N-氧化物或4-乙氧基吡啶-N-氧化物、4,6-二硝基-1-羟基苯并三唑、1-羟基-5-苯基四唑、1-羟基-5-(4-硝基苯基)四唑、3-硝基-1H-1,2,4-三唑、5-(3-硝基苯基)-1H-四唑、5-(3,5-二硝基苯基)-1H-四唑、5-(1-甲基唑唑-2-基)-1H-四唑、5-〔(1-甲基咪唑-2-基)甲基〕-1H-四唑或1-羟基-4-硝基-6-(三氟甲基)苯并三唑,优选用4-乙氧基吡啶-N-氧化物或4-甲氧基吡啶-N-氧化物作为催化剂,
其中偶联剂的制备可就地完成或者可分别完成并且可以在适当的溶剂中加入与偶联剂组合的式(X)之被活化化合物的溶液,
得到式XIII的化合物
其中A、BPR、D、G、L、R5、R6、S1、S2、S3、X、X’、X”和Y如上文所定义;
其中A、BPR、D、G、L、R5、R6、S1、S2、S3、X、X’、X”、Y和n如上文所定义;
h1)按照已知方法(如Greene.Wuts,Protective Groupsin Organic Synthesis,J.Wiley & Sons,New York 1991),除去保护基团S1、S2和S3以及BPR上的保护基团,即,例如按步骤e1)中所述方法除去保护基团S1,至于保护基团S2和S3,如果它们是2-(4-硝基苯基)乙基,于室温下用溶解于吡啶或乙腈中的0.5M 1,8-二氮杂-双环〔5.4.0〕十一碳-7-烯(DBU)处理,如果S2或S3是苯基,用氨水处理,如果S2或S3是烯丙基,用溶解于DCM中的Pd〔P(C6H5)3〕4三苯基膦处理(Hayakawaet al.,J.Org.Chem.58(1993)5551),如果S2或S3是2-氰乙基,用溶解于吡啶中的三乙胺处理,或者如果S2或S3是2,2,2-三氯-1,1二甲基乙基,用三丁基膦处理,而BPR上的保护基团,例如,如果R14是对硝基苯基乙氧基羰基可用溶解于吡啶中的0.5M DBU处理,如果R14是是异丁酰基或苯甲酰基或对甲氧基苯甲酰基,则于20至60℃用浓NH4OH处理,或者,如果R13是2-(4-硝基苯基)乙基,优选用溶解于吡啶或乙腈中的0.5M DBU处理,如果S1等于一甲氧基三苯甲基并且S3等于2-(对硝基苯基)乙基,可首先按步骤e1)中所述除去一甲氧基三苯甲基,然后按上述方法除去S2,然后除去例如核碱基上的剩余保护基团;
并且可以按本领域技术人员已知的方法(例如参见Uhlmann & Peyman,Chem.Rev.90(1990)543;M.Manoharan,in″Antisense Research and Applications″,Crooke and Lebleu,Eds.,CPR Press,Boca Raton,1993,Chapter 17,P.303ff;EP-A 0 552 766;S.Agrawal,inMethods in Molecular Biology,Vol.26,P.93 ff,Humann,Press,Totowa 1994)引入基团Q和Q′,并且可以按Wang(Nucl.Acids Res.22(1994)2326)所述方法环化所得到的化合物,从而得到式I的化合物。
另外,也可以按本领域技术人员已知的方法(J.March,″Advanced Organic Chemistry″,Fourth Ed.,J.Wiley & Sons,1992)将偶联物Q′掺入式XXII的单体单位中,然后按已述方法将其掺入式I的化合物中。
对于Q′=烷基者,例如可以使式XXIII的化合物与式VIa或VIb的化合物反应并进一步进行类似于式Va和Vb所述的反应,以制备式XXII的化合物。
也可以通过除去保护基团S1并按已知方法(J.March,″Advanced Organic Chemistry″,Fourth Ed.,J.Wiley & Sons,1992)引入基团Q′而从式IX的化合物制备式XXII的化合物。
另外,也可以按本领域技术人员已知的方法(J.March,″Advanced Organic Chemisty″,4th Ed.,J.Wiley & Sons,1992)将偶联物Q和Q″掺入式XXIV的单体单位中,然后再按所提到的方法将其掺入式I的化合物中。
例如在Houben-Weyl,Metthoden der OrganischenChemie,〔有机化学方法〕Vol. 15/2,Georg Thieme VerlagStuttgart 1974中描述的连接肽键的偶联剂(参见c1))及其他试剂如BOP(B.Castro,J.R.Dormoy,G.Evin and C.Selve,Tetrahedron Lett.1975,1219-1222)、PyBOP(J.Coste,D.Le-Nguyen and B.Castro,Tetrahedron Lett.1990,205-208)、BroP(J.Coste,M.-N.Dufour,A.Pantaloni and B.Castro,Tetrahedron Lett.1990,669-672)、PyBroP(J.Coste,E.Frerot,P.Jouin and B.Castro,Tetrahedron Lett.1991,1967-1970)和脲阳离子试剂,如HBTU(V.Dourtoglou,B.Gross,V.Lambropoulou,C.Zioudron,Synthesis 1984,572-547)、TBTU、TPTU、TSTU、TNTU(R.Knorr,A.Trzeciak,W.Bannwarth and D.Gillessen,Tetrahedron Lett.1989,1927-1930)、TOTU(EP-A 0 460446)、HATU(L.A Carpino,J.Am.Chem.Soc.1993,115,4397-4398)、HAPyU、TAPipU(A.Ehrilich,S.Rothemund,M.Brudel,M.Beyermann,L.A.Carpino and M.Bienert,Tetrahedron L e tt.1993,4781-4784)、BOI(K.Akaji,N.Kuriyama,T.Kimura,Y.Fujiwara and Y.Kiso,Tetrahedrou Lett.1992,3177-3180)或酰基氯或酰基氟(L.A.Carpino,H.G.Chao,M.Beyermann and M.Bienert,J.Org.Chem.,56(1991),2635;J.-N.Bertho,A.Loffet,C.Pinel,F.Reuther and G.Sennyey in E.Giralt and D.Andreu(Eds.)Peptides 1990,Escom Science Publishers B.V.1991,pp.53-54;J.Green and K.Bradley,Tetrahedron1993,4141-4146),2,4,6-三甲基苯磺酰基-3-硝基-1,2,4-三唑酰胺(MSNT)(B.Blankemeyer-Menge,M.Nimitzand R.Frank,Tetrahedron Lett.1990,1701-1704)、2,5-二苯基-2,3-二氢-3-氧代-4-羟基噻吩二氧化物(TDO)(R.Kirstgen,R.C.Sheppard,W.Steglich,J.Chem.Soc.Chem.Commun.1987,1870-1871)或各个参考文献中公开的活化的酯(D.Hudson,Peptide Res.1990,51-55)。
另外优选使用碳化二亚胺,如二环己基碳二亚胺或二异丙基碳二亚胺。还优选使用磷鎓试剂,如PyBOP或PyBrop、脲阳离子试剂,如HBTU、TBTU、TPTU、TSTU、TNTU、TOTU或HATU及BOI。
在这种情况下,可以使用活化试剂并加入式VIII的化合物而直接完成偶联,并可任选加入1-羟基苯并三唑(HOBt)(W.Konig,R.Geiger,Chem.Ber.103,788(1970))或3-羟基-4-氧代-3,4-二氢苯并三嗪(HOObt)(W.Konig,R.Geiger,Chem.Ber.103,2034(1970))添加剂,或者也可以分别预活化作为活化酯的单位,并可加入活化物质在适当溶剂中形成的溶液。
其中A、BPR、D、G、L、R5、R6、S1、S2、S3、X、X’、X”和Y如上文所限定,o和p各自是0至50,较好是0至20并且o+p+l=n;
a2)在式XV的化合物中按e1)所述方法除去保护基团S1,
b2)在式XVI的化合物中按d1)所述方法除去保护基团S3,并
其中A、BPR、D、G、L、R5、R6、S1、S2、S3、X、X’、X”、Y和n具有如上所限定的意义,
d2)按h1)所述使这些化合物反应,得到式I的化合物。
本发明的进一步涉及制备式I的化合物的方法,该方法包括
其中A、BPR、D、G、L、R5、R6、S1、S2、S3、X、X’、X”和Y和具有如上所限定的意义
其中A、BPR、D、G、L、R5、R6、S1、S2、X、X’、X”和Y和具有如上所限定的意义
SS是适用于固相合成的固相载体,如氨基丙基-CPG(CPG=Cotrolled Pore Glass)或Tentagel,并且
SPACER是在发生合成后可从载体上除去的基团,其为本领域技术人员已知的(Sonveaux,Bioorganic Chemistry 14(1986)274ff),例如EP-A 0 552 766(HOE 92/F012)中的所述的双(羟乙基)磺酰基团,或者SPACER是双功能团偶联物分子Q,其通过已知的可除去基团被连接到固相载体上,例如通过琥珀酸残基结合到固相载体的核苷酸或寡核苷酸(Sonveaux,Bioorganic Chemistry 14(1986)274ff),或通过琥珀酸残基结合到固相载体上的多聚-或寡聚乙二醇(Jaschke,Tetrahedron Lett.34(1993)301),或者例如是通过琥珀酸残基连接到固相载体上的胆固醇衍生物(Mackellar,Nucl.AcidsRes.20(1992)3411);
其中A、BPR、D、G、L、R5、R6、S1、S2、SS、SPACER、X、X’、X”和Y和具有如上所限定的意义,
c3)按f1)所述方法,使所得到的化合物与式X的化合物反应
其中A、BPR、D、G、L、R5、R6、S1、S2、X、X’、X”和Y和具有如上所限定的意义;
d3)重复步骤b3)和c3)直到达到所需的链长度;
e3)或者可以用已知方法(如参见Uhlmann & Peyman,Chem.Rev.90(1990)5 43;M.Manoharan in″AntisenseResearch and Applications,″Crooke and Lebleu,Eds.,CRCPress,Boca Raton,1993,Chapter 17,P.303 ff;EP-A 0552 766;S. Agrawal in″Methods in Molecular Biology″,Vol.26,P.93 ff,Humana Press,Totowa 1994)偶联偶联物Q′;
f3)用已知方法从固相载体上除去以这样产生的化合物,例如,按EP-A 0 552 766(HOE92/F012)中所述,经用DBU处理除去双(羟乙基)磺酰接头,经用氨水处理除去琥珀酸接头,以及如步骤h1)中所述除去保持基团,也可以在从载体上裂碎之前除去保护基团,并且可以按已知方法偶联偶联物Q,从而可改变Q和Q′的偶联次序〔e3,f3〕,并可以环化或不环化所得到的化合物。
式I的化合物被用作基因表达的抑制剂。因此本发明进一步涉及使用根据本发明的治疗活性化合物生产药物,以及生产药物的方法,该方法包括将根据本发明的化合物与生理上可接受的赋形剂及必要时与适当的添加剂和/或辅助剂混合。
治疗活性化合物一般是(基于相当于核苷碱基之单位B的序列)作为反义寡核苷酸、三链体形成寡核苷酸、aptamers(可与特异性靶分子如蛋白质或受体结合的RAN或DNA分子,如参见L.C.Bock et al.,Nature 1992,355,564)或核酶(催化RNA,例如参见Castanetto et al.,Critical Rev.Eukar,GeneExpr,1992,2,331)类似物发挥功能,特别是作为反义寡核苷酸和三链体形成寡核苷酸的类似物。
再者,本发明进一步涉及使用根据本发明的化合物作为诊断剂,例如检测生物学样品中是否存在特异性双链或单链核酸分子或其量。
为了按照本发明使用,本发明的化合物具有大约6-100,较好大约10-40,特别是大约12-31核苷酸的长度。同样,如上文所述优选范围、修饰或结合方式也适用于此。
本发明的药物可用于治疗如由病毒,例如HIV、HSV-1、HSV-2、流感病毒、VSV、乙型肝炎或乳头瘤病毒引起的疾病。
有抗这种类型的靶之活性的本发明的序列(碱基序列)例如是:
a)抗HIV,例如ACACCCAATTCTGAAAATGG SEQ ID NO:1AGGTCCCTGTTCGGGCGCCA SEQ ID NO:2GGTCCCTGTTCGGGCGCCA SEQ ID NO:26GTCGACACCCAATTCTGAAAATGGATAA SEQ ID NO:3GCTATGTCGACACCCAATTCTGAAA SEQ ID NO:4GTCGCTGTCTCCGCTTCTTCTTCCTG SEQ ID NO:5GTCTCCGCTTCTTCTTCCTGCCATAGG SEQ ID NO:6
b)抗HSV-1,例如GCGGGGCTCCATGGGGGTCG SEQ ID NO:7GGAGGATGCTGAGGAGG SEQ ID NO:28GGAGGATGCTGAGG SEQ ID NO:29CAGGAGGATGCTGAGGAGG SEQ ID NO:30
本发明的药物也适用于治疗肿瘤或再狭窄症。例如,在这种情况下可使用对抗负责肿瘤发生或肿瘤生长之靶的序列(碱基序列)。这种靶例如是:
1)核癌蛋白质如c-myc、N-myc、c-myb、c-fos、c-fos/jun、PCNA、P120,
2)胞浆/膜相关癌蛋白质如EJ-ras、c-Ha-ras、N-ras、rrg、bcl-2、cdc-2、c-raf-1、c-mos、c-src、c-abl,
3)细胞受体如EGF受体、c-erbA、类视色素受体、蛋白质激酶调节亚单位、d-fms,
4)细胞因子、生长因子、细胞外基质如CSF-1、IL-6、IL-1a、IL-1b、IL-2、IL-4、bFGF、成髓细胞素、纤连蛋白。
有对抗这种类型靶的活性的本发明的序列(碱基序列)例如是:
a)抗c-Ha-ras,例如
CAGCTGCAACCCAGC SEQ ID NO:8
c)抗c-myc,例如
GGCTGCTGGAGCGGGGCACAC SEQ ID NO:9
AACGTTGAGGGGCAT SEQ ID NO:10
d)抗c-myb,例如
GTGCCGGGGTCTTCGGGC SEQ ID NO:11
GTGCCGGGGTCTTCGGG SEQ ID NO:27
e)抗c-fos,例如
GGAGAACATCATGGTCGAAG SEQ ID NO:12
CCCGAGAACATCATGGTCGAAG SEQ ID NO:13
GGGGAAAGCCCGGCAAGGGG SEQ ID NO:14
f)抗p120,例如
CACCCGCCTTGGCCTCCCAC SEQ ID NO:15
g)抗EGF受体,例如
GGGACTCCGGCGAGCGC SEQ ID NO:16
GGCAAACTTTCTTTTCCTCC SEQ ID NO:17
h)抗p53肿瘤抑制因子,例如
GGGAAGGAGGAGGATGAGG SEQ ID NO:18
GGCAGTCATCCAGCTTCGGAG SEQ ID NO:19
i)抗bFGF,例如
GGCTGCCATGGTCCC SEQ ID NO:31
本发明的药物进一步适于如治疗受整联蛋白或细胞-细胞粘附受体,例如VLA-4、VLA-2、ICAM或ELAM的影响所致的疾病。
有抗这种类型靶的活性的本发明的序列(碱基序列)例如是:
a)VLA-4,例如
GCAGTAAGCATCCATATC SEQ ID NO:20
b)ICAM,例如
CCCCCACCACTTCCCCTCTC SEQ ID NO:21
CTCCCCCACCACTTCCCCTC SEQ ID NO:22
GCTGGGAGCCATAGCGAGG SEQ ID NO:23
c)ELAM-1,例如
ACTGCTGCCTCTTGTCTCAGG SEQ ID NO:24
CAATCAATGACTTCAAGAGTTC SEQ ID NO:25
本发明的药物还适于如治疗由如因子a-TNF诱发的疾病。
有抗这种类型靶活性的本发明的序列(碱基序列)例如是:
a)a-TNF,例如
TCATGGTGTCCTTTGCAGCC SEQ ID NO:32
TCATGGTGTCCTTTGCAG SEQ ID NO:33
该药物可以以药物制剂的形式使用,其可例如表皮或口服给药,如以片剂、包衣片剂、硬或软明胶胶囊、溶液、乳剂或悬液形式给药。它们可以经直肠,例如以栓剂形式给药,或者例如以注射溶液的形式经胃肠道外给药。为了生产药物制剂,可将这些些化合物配制在治疗上呈惰性的有机或无机赋形剂中。用于片剂、包衣片剂及硬明胶胶囊的这种赋形剂的例子是乳糖、玉米淀粉或其衍生物、滑石和硬脂酸或其盐。用于生产溶液的适当的赋形剂是水、多元醇、蔗糖、转化糖和葡萄糖。用于生产注射液的适当的赋形剂是水、醇、多元醇、甘油和植物油。用于生产栓剂的适用的赋形剂是植物油和硬化油、石蜡、脂肪和半液态多元醇。药物制剂也可含防腐剂、溶剂、稳定剂、润湿剂、乳化剂、甜味剂、着色剂、香味剂、改变渗透压的盐、缓冲剂、包衣组合物、抗氧化剂、以及必要时还会有其他治疗活性化合物。
优选的给药方法是口服给药。进一步的优选给药方法是注射。为此,可将反义寡核苷酸配制成溶液,较好是在生理上可接受的缓冲液如Hank氏溶液或Ringer氏溶液中配制。但根据本发明的治疗活性化合物也可配制成固体形式,并在使用前溶解或悬浮之。全身给药的优选剂量是每天每公斤体重大约0.01mg到大约50mg。
图1表示在10mM HEPES,20mMgCl2;1MNaCl;pH7.5中,在1当量(dA)9存在下〔PMENA-t9〕的紫外吸收度对温度的曲线;
图2表示用凝胶迁移证明PMENA-DNA的结合。
序列表:ACACCCAATTCTGAAAATGG SEQ ID NO:1AGGTCCCTGTTCGGGCGCCA SEQ ID NO:2GTCGACACCCAATTCTGAAAATGGATAA SEQ ID NO:3GCTATGTCGACACCCAATTCTGAAA SEQ ID NO:4GTCGCTGTCTCCGCTTCTTCTTCCTG SEQ ID NO:5GTCTCCGCTTCTTCTTCCTGCCATAGG SEQ ID NO:6GCGGGGCTCCATGGGGGTCG SEQ ID NO:7CAGCTGCAACCCAGC SEQ ID NO:8GGCTGCTGGAGCGGGGCACAC SEQ ID NO:9AACGTTGAGGGGCAT SEQ ID NO:10GTGCCGGGGTCTTCGGGC SEQ ID NO:11GGAGAACATCATGGTCGAAAG SEQ ID NO:12CCCGAGAACATCATGGTCGAAG SEQ ID NO:13GGGGAAAGCCCGGCAAGGGG SEQ ID NO:14CACCCGCCTTGGCCTCCCAC SEQ ID NO:15GGGACTCCGGCGCAGCGC SEQ ID NO:16GGCAAACTTTCTTTTCCTCC SEQ ID NO:17GGGAAGGAGGAGGATGAGG SEQ ID NO:18GGCAGTCATCCAGCTTCGGAG SEQ ID NO:19GCAGTAAGCATCCATATC SEQ ID NO:20CCCCCACCACTTCCCCTCTC SEQ ID NO:21CTCCCCCACCACTTCCCGTC SEQ ID NO:22GCTGGGAGCCATAGCGAGG SEQ ID NO:23ACTGCTGCCTCTTGTCTCAGG SEQ ID NO:24CAATCAATGACTTCAAGAGTTC SEQ ID NO:25GGTCCCTGTTCGGGCGCCA SEQ ID NO:26GTGCCGGGGTCTTCGGG SEQ ID NO:27GGAGGATGCTGAGGAGG SEQ ID NO:28GGAGGATGCTGAGG SEQ ID NO:29CAGGAGGATGCTGAGGAGG SEQ ID NO:30GGCTGCCATGGTCCC SEQ ID NO:31TCATGGTGTCCTTTGCAGCC SEQ ID NO:32TCATGGTGTCCTTTGCAG SEQ ID NO:33
实施例:
1)N-(4-甲氧基三苯基甲氧基)乙基氨基甲膦酸二(2-(对硝基苯基)乙基)酯
1a)N-芴基甲氧基羰基-2-氨基乙醇
将8.61g(0.141mol)2-氨基乙醇溶解在250ml二恶烷和150ml水中。于15-20℃,首先加入17.79g(0.212mol)NaHCO3,然后数次加入50g(0.148mol)芴基甲氧羰基-N-琥珀酰亚胺。将混合物于室温下搅拌1小时,然后蒸发至干。使残留物分配在二氯甲烷(DCM)和H2O之间,用Na2SO4干燥有机相并在真空下蒸发除去溶剂。残留物加100ml乙醚搅拌,抽吸过滤产物并用水洗。产率为38.77g(97%)。MS(ES+):284.2(M+H)+;1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO,TMS):δ=3.05(dd,2H,CH2OH);3.39(dd,2H,N=CH2);4.25(m,3H,Ar-CH-CH2);4.61(t,1H,OH);7.14-7.98(m,15H,Ar-H,NH).
1b)N-芴基甲氧基-2-氨基-1-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)乙烷
于0℃用5.93g(45.93mmol)二异丙基乙胺(DIPEA)和10.91g(35.3mmol)4-甲氧三苯基甲基氯处理溶解于100ml无水N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)中的10g(35.3mmol)N-芴基甲氧羰基-2-氨基乙醇(得自实施例1a),于0℃搅拌1小时后再于室温下搅拌1小时。蒸发反应混合物并使残留物分配于DCM和饱和NaHCO3水溶液之间。水洗有机相并用Na2SO4干燥,再于空真下蒸发除去溶剂。为了纯化产物,在硅胶上(首先正庚烷/乙酸乙酯(EA)/三乙胺(TEA)70∶29∶1,然后EA/TEA99∶1)层析之。产率为14.4g(73%)。MS(FAB):562.3(M+Li)+;1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO,TMS):δ=2.95(t,2H,CH2O-MMTr);3.21(dd,2H,N-CH2);3.75(s,3H,OCH3);4.25(m,3H,Ar-CH-CH2);4.61(t,1H,OH);6.80-7.96(m,23H,Ar-H,NH).
1c)2-氨基-1-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)乙烷
室温下用6.55g(90mmol)二乙胺处理溶解于50ml无水DMF中的5.0g(9mmmol)N-芴基甲氧羰基-2-氨基-1-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)乙烷(得自实施例1b)并将混合物搅拌2小时。在硅胶上层析(首先正庚烷/EA/TEA 50∶49∶1,然后EA/甲醇/TEA 79∶20∶1)纯化之。产率为2.96g(98.7%)。MS(ES+):340.3(M+Li)+;1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO,TMS):δ=2.75(t,2H,CH2O-MMTr);2.93(dd,2H,N-CH2);3.75(s,3H,OCH3);6.83-7.47(m,14H,Ar-H).
1d)2-甲基亚氨基-1-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧)乙烷(三聚体)
冰冷却下用1.08g(13.22mmol)37%甲醛处理溶解于10ml甲醇中的2.96g(8.9mmol)2-氨基-1-(4-甲氧基三苯甲氧基)乙烷(得自实施例1c),并于室温下搅拌4小时,形成粘性沉淀物。蒸发反应混合物,并在硅胶上层析(正庚烷/EA/TEA 50∶49∶1)纯化所得残留物。产率为1.7g(55%)。MS(FAB):1042.8(M+Li)+;1034.8(M-H)+.1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO,TMS):δ=2.60(t,6H,O-CH2);2.99(t,6H,N-CH2);3.69(s,9H,OCH3);6.78-7.42(m,42H,Ar-H).1e)亚磷酸二(2-(4-硝基苯基)乙基)酯
在氩气环境下,将23,42g(0.1mol)亚磷酸二苯酯与33.43g(0.2mol)对硝基苯基乙醇于100℃加热14小时,然后在硅胶上层析(正庚烷/EA 50∶50,然后EA/甲醇80∶20)纯化之。产率:55%。MS(FAB):403.1(M+Na)+;381.1(M+H)+.1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO,TMS):δ=3.03(t,4H,Ar-CH2);4.20(4H,dt,O-CH2);6.71(d,J=140Hz;1H,PH);7.52(d,4H,Ar-H);8.17(d,4H,Ar-H).
1f)N-(4-甲氧基三苯甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸二-(2-(对硝基苯基)乙基)酯
将341mg(0.329mmol)2-甲亚氨基-1-(4-甲氧基三苯甲氧基)乙烷(三聚物)(得自实施例1d)加到溶解于2ml无水四氢呋喃(THF)中的500mg(1.32mmol)亚磷酸二(2-(4-硝基苯基)乙基)酯(得自实施例1e)中,并将混合物于80℃搅拌3小时。蒸发掉溶剂并将残留物于100℃继续搅拌30分钟。在硅胶上层析(首先用EA/TEA 99∶1,然后用EA/甲醇/TEA 90∶9∶1洗脱)纯化之。产率:83%。MS(FAB):732.3(M+Li)+.1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO,TMS):δ=2.64-3.06(m,10H,Ar-CH2+P-CH2+CH2-OMMTr+N-CH2);3.73(s,3H,OCH3);4.16(dt,4H,PO-CH2);6.78-8.08(m,22H,Ar-H).
2)N-(N6-甲氧苯酰)胞嘧啶)-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧基三苯甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸二(2-(对硝基苯基)乙基)
酯
2a)将0.952g(8.27mmol)N-乙基吗啉(NEM)、0.834g(2.76mmol)(N6-甲氧苯甲酰)胞嘧啶-1-基-乙酸和1.153g(3.03mmol)O-(7-氮杂)苯并三唑-1-基四甲基脲鎓六氟磷酸盐(HATU,L.Carpino,J.Am.Chem.Soc.1993,115,4397)加到溶解于60ml无水DMF中的2.00g(2.76mmol)N-(4-甲氧基三苯甲氧基)乙氨基甲磷酸二(2-(对硝基苯基)乙基)酯(得自实施例1f)中,并将混合物于室温搅拌12小时。然后再一次加入同样量的HATU并将混合物继续室温搅拌3小时。在硅胶上层析(DCM/甲醇/TEA95∶4∶1)以纯化之。产率为2.7g(97%)。MS(ES+):1012.0(M+H)+.1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO,TMS):δ=2.94(t,4H,P-O-CH2-CH2-Ar);3.06(t,2H,MMTr-O-CH2);3.23-3.63(m,4H,P-CH2+N-CH2);3.75(s,3H,OCH3);3.83(s,3H,OCH3);4.10(dt,4H,P-O-CH2);4.79(s,宽峰,2H,CO-CH2);6.80-8.18(m,28H,Ar-H,胞嘧啶基-H);11.03(s,宽峰1H,NH).
2b)制备如实施例2a中所述的混合物,但用O-(氰基(乙氧基羰基)亚甲氨基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基脲鎓四氟硼酸盐(TOTU,EP 0 460 446)代替HATOc产率为57%。光谱数据:见实施例2a。
3)N-(N6-甲氧苯甲酰)胞嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸(2-(对硝基苯基)乙基)单脂(三乙铵盐)
将1g(0.99mmol)N-(N6-甲氧苯甲酰)胞嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸二(2-(对硝基苯基)乙基)酯(得自实施例2)溶解于20ml 1,8-二氮杂双环〔5.4.0〕十一碳-7-烯(DBU)在无水乙腈中制成的0.1M溶液中,并将混合物室温搅拌4小时。使反应混合物分配于DCM和KH2PO4水溶液(pH7)之间,用Na2SO4干燥有机相并真空蒸发掉溶剂。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA 70∶29∶1)纯化残留物。产率为540mg(57%)。MS(FAB):906.5(M-H+2Na)+;884.6(M+Na)+;862.5(M+H)+.1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO,TMS):δ=3.00(m,4H,P-O-CH2-CH2-Ar+MMTr-O-CH2);3.38-3.60(m,4H,P-CH2+N-CH2);3.73(s,3H,OCH3);3.82(s,3H,OCH3);4.01(dt,2H,P-O-CH2);4.79&5.03(每种情况下s,宽峰,2H,CO-CH2);6.78-8.20(m,24H,Ar-H,胞嘧啶基-H);11.00(s宽峰,1H,NH).
4)N-(N6-甲氧苯甲酰)胞嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(2-羟基)乙氨基-甲膦酸二(2-(对硝基苯基)乙基)酯
将1.00g(0.99mmol)N-(N6-甲氧苯甲酰)胞嘧啶-1-基-乙酰基-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸二(2-(对硝基苯基)乙基)酯(得自实施例2)溶解于80ml80%乙酸水溶液中,并将所得溶液室温搅拌4小时。蒸发掉溶剂并将残留物与苯共蒸发两次。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA 85∶14∶1)以纯化之。产率为522mg(71%)。MS(FAB):761.2(M+Na)+;739.3(M+H)+.1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO,TMS):δ=2.98(t,4H,P-O-CH2-CH2-Ar)3.38-3.67(m,4H,N-CH2CH2-OH);3.80-3.89(m,2H,P-CH2);3.91(s,3H,OCH3);4.12(dt,4H,P-O-CH2);4.78 & 4.87(每种情况下s,宽峰,2H,CO-CH2);6.98-8.19(m,14H,Ar-H,胞嘧啶基-H);11.02(s,宽峰,1H,NH).
5)5′-MMTr-CAn(P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)2
按与实施例7相似的方法,从N-(N6-甲氧苯甲酰)胞嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸(2-(对硝基苯基)乙基)单酯(三乙铵盐)(实施例3)和N-(N6-甲氧苯甲酰)-胞嘧啶-1-基-乙酰基-N-(2-羟基)乙氨基甲膦酸二(2-(对硝基苯基)乙基)酯(实施例4)进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA 85∶14∶1)纯化该化合物。产率:73%。MS(FAB):1605(M+Na)+;1583(M+H)+.1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO,TMS):δ=2.94-3.18(m,6H,P-O-CH2-CH2-Ar)3.26-3.95(m,10H);3.75(s,3H,OCH3);3.85(s,6H,OCH3);3.99-4.36(m,8H,P-O-CH2);4.75-4.92(m,宽峰,4H,CO-CH2);6.83-8.18(m,38H,Ar-H,胞嘧啶基-H);10.98&11.03(每种情况下s,宽峰,2H,NH).
6)5′-HO-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)2
按实施例4的相似方法从“5′-MMTr-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)2”(实施例5)进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA 85∶14∶1)纯化该化合物。产率为74%。
MS(FAB):1332.4(M+Na)+;1310.3(M+H)+;
7)N-(4-甲氧基三苯基甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸二乙酯
按实施例1f的相似方法,但使用亚磷酸二乙酯进行合成。产率为87.5%。MS(FAB):490.2(M+Li)+.1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO,TMS):δ=1.22(t,6H,CH2-CH3);2.80(t,2H,N-CH2);2.91(d,J=12.5Hz,2H,P-CH2);3.02(t,2H,CH2-OMMTr);3.75(s,3H,OCH3);4.01(dq,4H,PO-CH2);6.84-7.45(m,14H,Ar-H).
8)N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧基三苯基甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸二乙酯
将570.3mg(4.22mmol)羟基苯并三唑(HOBT)、972.1mg(8.44mmol)NEM、777mg(4.22mmol)胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酸和639mg(5.06mmol)二异丙基碳二亚胺加入溶解于50ml无水DMF中的2.04g(4.22mmol)-N-(4-甲氧基三苯基甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸二乙酯(实施例7)的溶液内。将混合物室温搅拌16小时。蒸发除去溶剂,将残留物溶解在DCM中并用饱和NaHCO3水溶液提取该溶液,然后再用NaCl水溶液饱和之。用Na2SO4干燥提取物并蒸发除掉溶剂。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA98∶2∶1)纯化所得产物。产率为2.47g(90%)。MS(FAB):662.3(M+Na)+; 656.3(M+Li)+.1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO,TMS):δ=1.12-1.32(m,6H,CH2-CH3);1.68 & 1.75(每种情况下s,3H,T-CH3);3.10-3.40(m,2H,CH2-OMMTr);3.53-3.70(m,4H,P-CH2+N-CH2);3.75(s,3H,OCH3);3.83-4.16(m,4H,PO-CH2);4.62 & 4.72(每种情况下s,2H,CO-CH2);6.83-7.42(m,15H,Ar-H,T-H);11.28(s,1H,NH).
9)N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)-乙氨基甲膦酸单乙酯(三乙铵盐)
将811mg(1.25mmol)N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸二乙酯(实施例8)悬浮在3.75ml 1N NaOH中。将混合物于室温下搅拌3小时,然后于50℃搅拌6小时,在真空下浓缩反应混合物并在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA 100∶10∶10,然后100∶40∶10)纯化残留物。产率为897mg(99.5%)。MS(ES-):620.4(M-H)-.1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO,TMS):δ=1.18(t,9H,N-CH2-CH3);1.68 & 1.74(各情况下s,3H,T-CH3);2.96-3.08(q,6H,N-CH2-CH3);3.35(m,2H,N-CH2);3.43-3.70(d,J=11Hz,2H,P-CH2);3.63(t,2H,CH2-OMMTr);3.75(s,3H,OCH3);3.78(dq,2H,PO-CH2);4.60 & 4.86(各情况下s,2H,CO-CH2);6.82-7.41(m,15H,Ar-H,T-H);11.24(s,1H,NH).
10)N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(2-羟基)-乙氨基甲膦酸二乙酯
按实施例4的相似方法从N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸二乙酯(实施例8)进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇90∶10)纯化所得产物。产率80%。MS(FAB):400.1(M+Na)+;378.1(M+H)+.1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO,TMS):δ=1.17-1.32(m,6H,CH2-CH3);1.78(s,3H,T-CH3);3.40-3.69(m,4H,CH2-OH+N-CH2);3.89(d,J=11Hz,2H,P-CH2);3.92-4.19(m,4H,PO-CH2);4.70(s,2H,CO-CH2);4.98(t,1H,OH);7.22 & 7.30(各情况下s,1H,T-H);11.25(s,1H,NH).
11)N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸二苯酯
按实施例1f)的方法进行合成,但其中使用的是亚磷酸二苯酯。产率100%。
MS(FAB):58.2(M+Li)+。
12)N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)-乙氨基甲膦酸单苯酯(三乙铵盐)
按实施例9)的相似方法从N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)乙氨甲膦酸二苯酯(实施例11)和胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酸进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA/H2O 90∶10∶5∶0.5)纯化该产物。产率47%。MS(FAB):682.3(M+2Li-H)+.1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO,TMS):δ=1.16(t,9H,N-CH2-CH3);1.67 & 1.72(各情况下
s,3H,T-CH3);2.96-3.70(m,12H,N-CH2-CH3+N-CH2+P-CH2+CH2-OMMTr);3.75(s,3H,OCH3);4.58 & 4.88(各情况下s,2H,CO-CH2);6.74-7.46(m,20H,Ar-H,T-H);11.23(s,1H,NH).
13)N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)-乙氨基甲膦酸苯基酯4-硝基苯基乙基酯
用无水吡啶将385.4mg(0.5mmol)N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基乙氨基甲膦酸单苯酯(三乙铵盐)(实施例12)和92mg(0.55mmol)4-硝基苯乙醇共蒸发三次,然后溶解于15ml无水吡啶中。于0℃加入403.4mg(0.15mmol)3-硝基-1-(对甲苯磺酰基)-1H-1,2,4-三唑(TSNT),然后于0-5℃将混合物搅拌16小时,真空下蒸馏除去吡啶,将残留物重新溶解于EA中,并先用饱和NaHCO3水溶液、再用NaCl溶液连续洗涤该所得溶液。在硅胶上层析(EA/TEA100∶2)纯化所得产物。产率为162mg。
MS(FAB):831.3(M+2Li-H)+;(M+Li)+。
14)N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)-乙氨基甲膦酸二(2-(对硝基苯基)乙基)酯
按实施例8的相似方法从N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸二(2-(对硝基苯基)乙基)酯(实施例1f)和胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酸进行合成。产率63%。MS(ES+):898.4(M+Li)+.1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO,TMS):δ=1.65 & 1.72(每种情况下s,3H,T-CH3);2.96(t,4H,P-O-CH2-CH2-Ar);3.06(t,2H,N-CH2);3.67(d,J=11Hz,2H,P-CH2);3.70(m,2H,MMTr-O-CH2);3.75(s,3H,OCH3);3.83(s,3H,OCH3);4.10(dt,4H,P-O-CH2);4.59 & 4.62(每种情况下s,宽峰,2H,CO-CH2); 6.83-8.18(m,23H,Ar-H,T-H);11.30(s,宽峰,1H,NH).
15)N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)-乙氨基甲膦酸4-硝基苯基乙基单酯(三乙铵盐)
15a)从30mg N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)-乙氨基甲膦酸苯基酯4-硝基苯乙酯(实施例13)合成
将30mg N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)-乙氨基甲膦酸苯基酯4-硝基苯乙酯(实施例13)溶解于1ml TEA、1ml二噁烷和80mg对硝基苯甲肟的混合物中,并将所得溶液室温搅拌3小时。真空蒸除溶剂并将残留物与吡啶其蒸发3次,再与甲苯共蒸发2次。在硅胶上层析(EA/TEA 100∶2,然后EA/甲醇/TEA60∶40∶2)纯化残留物。产率为23mg。MS(FAB):755.3(M+2Li-H)+.1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO,TMS):δ=1.15(t,9H,N-CH2-CH3);1.60 & 1.79(m,3H,T-CH3);2.80-3.60(m,14H,N-CH2-CH3+N-CH2+P-CH2+CH2-OMMTr+Ar-CH2);3.73(s,3H,OCH3);4.01(dt,2H,P-O-CH2);4.58-4.92(m,2H CO-CH2);6.82-8.18(m,19H,Ar-H,T-H);11.30(s,1H,NH).
15b)从N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)-乙氨基甲膦酸二(2-(对硝基苯基)乙基)酯(实施例14)合成
按实施例3的相似方法从N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)-乙氨基甲膦酸二(2-(对硝基苯基)乙基)酯(实施例14)开始合成。但其中使用吡啶作为溶剂。产率82%。光谱数据见实施例15a。
16)N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)-乙氨基甲膦酸
按实施例15b的相似方法进行合成。以18%的产率得到作为副产物的N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)-乙氨基甲膦酸。
MS(ES-):592.2(M-H)-。
17)5′-MMTr-T-P(O-乙基)-T-P(O-乙基)2
将361mg(0.5mmol)N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)-乙氨基甲膦酸单乙酯(三乙铵盐)(9)和188.7mg(0.5mmol)N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-羟基)-乙氨基甲膦酸二乙酯(10)与无水吡啶一起共蒸发2次,然后溶解于10ml无水吡啶中。于5-10℃加入1.5mmolTSNT并将混合物于室温下搅拌16小时。真空蒸发除掉吡啶,将残留物溶解于EA中,依次用Na2HCO3饱和水溶液和NaCl溶液连续洗涤所得溶液。用Na2SO4干澡后浓缩并在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA92∶8∶2)纯化该残留物。产率为223mg(46%)。MS(FAB):987.5(M+Li)+.1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO,TMS)
特征性信号是:Ar-H & 胸腺嘧啶-H:6.82-7.43(m,16H);CO-CH2:4.59-4.78(m,4H);胸腺嘧啶-CH3:1.63-1.80(m,6H).
18)5′-HO-T-P(O-乙基)-T-P(O-乙基)2
按实施例4的相似方法从5′-MMTr-T-P(O-乙基)-T-P(O-乙基)2(实施例17)进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA85∶15∶2,然后改为100∶50∶1.5)纯化所得产物。产率为95%。MS(FAB):731.2(M+Na)+709.1.(M+Li)+.1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO,TMS)特征性信号是:胸腺嘧啶-H:7.21-7.36(m,2H);CO-CH2:4.60-4.76(m,4H);胸腺嘧啶-CH3:1.63-1.79(m,6H).
19)5′-MMTr-T-P(O-苯基)-T-P(O-乙基)2
按实施例17的相似方法从N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(2-羟基)-乙氨基甲膦酸二乙酯(实施例10)和N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)-乙氨基甲膦酸单苯酯(三乙铵盐)(实施例12)进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA 93∶7∶2)纯化产物。产率58%。MS(FAB):1051.4(M+Na)+;1029.5(M+H)+.1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO,TMS)特征性信号是:Ar-H&胸腺嘧啶-H::6.82-7.53(m,21H);CO-CH2:4.52-4.82(m,4R);胸腺嘧啶-CH3:1.62-1.80(m,6H).
20)N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(2-羟乙基)氨基甲膦酸二(4-硝基苯基乙基)酯
按实施例4的相似方法从N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸二(2-(对硝基苯基)乙基)酯进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇90∶10)纯化产物。产率为85%。MS(ES+):620.3(M+H)+.1H-NMR(500MHz,DMSO,TMS):δ=1.73(s,3H,T-CH3);2.97(t,4H,P-O-CH2-CH2-Ar);3.41(m,2H,N-CH2);3.59(m,2H,CH2-OH);3.83(d,2H,J=11Hz;P-CR2);4.08-4.30(m,4H,P-O-CH2);4.54 & 4.78(每种情况下s,宽峰,2H,CO-CH2);4.99(t,1H,OH);7.14-8.19(m,9H,Ar-H,胸腺嘧啶-H);11.30(s,宽峰,1H,NH).
21)5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(O-乙基)2
按实施例17的相似方法从N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(2-羟基)乙氨基甲膦酸二乙酯(实施例10)和N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸4-硝基苯乙基单酯(三乙铵盐)(实施例15)进行合成。用3-硝基-1-(2,4,6-三异丙基苯磺酰)-1H-1,2,4-三唑(TIPSNT)代替TSNT进行偶联。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA95∶5∶2,然后改为90∶10∶2)纯化所得产物。产率>90%。MS(ES+):1109.0(M+Li)+.1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO,TMS)
特征性信号是:Ar-H & 胸腺嘧啶-H:6.82-8.18(m,20H);CO-CH2:4.51-4.76(m,4H);胸腺嘧啶-CH3:1.61-1.78(m,6H).
22)5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2
按实施例21的相似方法从N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(2-羟基)乙氨基甲膦酸二乙酯(实施例10)和N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)-乙氨基甲膦酸4-硝基苯乙基单酯(三乙铵盐)(实施例15)进行合成。利用3-硝基-1-(2,4,6-三异丙基苯磺酰)-1H-1,2,4-三唑(TIPSNT)代替TSNT进行偶联。产率>90%。
光谱数据见实施例21。
23)5′HO-T-P(ONPE)T-P(OEt)2
按实施例4的相似方法A从“5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2”(实施例22)进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA90∶10∶2,然后是80∶20∶2)纯化所得产物。产率为75%。MS(ES+):836.3(M+Li)+.1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO,TMS)特征性信号是: :Ar-H & 胸腺嘧啶-H:7.11-8.22(m,6H);CO-CH2:4.55-4.77(m,4H);胸腺嘧啶-CH3:1.71(s,宽峰,6H).24)5′-HO-T-P(OH)-T-P(O-乙基)2
将10mg(0.012mmole)“5′-HO-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2”(实施例23)溶解在DBU在吡淀中制成的1ml 0.5M溶液内并先于4℃搅拌24小时,然后于室温搅拌24小时。真空下蒸发除去溶剂,用戊烷消化残留物两次,然后再用乙醚消化两次。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA 9∶1∶0.2,然后是70∶30∶2,再后是60∶40∶2)纯化合成产物。产率:10.2mg。MS(FAB):725.3(M+2Na-H)+;703.3(M+Na)+.1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO,TMS)特征性信号是:胸腺嘧啶-H:7.15-7.70(m,2H);CO-CH2:4.67-4.92(m,4H);胸腺嘧啶-CH3:1.67-1.81(m,6H).
25)5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2
按实施例17的相似方法在5′-HO-T-P(ONPE)T-P(OEt)2(实施例22)和N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)-乙氨基甲膦酸4-硝基苯乙基单酯(三乙铵盐)(实施例15)中加入1.5当量基于实施例23)N-氧化-4-甲氧基吡啶进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA 90∶10∶2,然后85∶15∶2)纯化产物。产率61%。MS(ES+):1555.8(M+H)+.1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO,TMS)特征性信号是:Ar-H & 胸腺嘧啶-H:6.83-8.20(m,25H);CO-CH2:4.52-4.75(m,6H);胸腺嘧啶-CH3:1.61-1.78(m,9H).
26)5 ′HO-T-P(ONPE)T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2
按与实施例4相似的方法从“5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2”(实施例25)进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA 70∶30∶2)纯化所得产物。产率为89%。
MS(ES+):1283.1(M+H)+;1305.0(M+Na+)。
27)5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2
按与实施例17相似的方法在“5′-HO-T-P(ONPE)T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2”(实施例26)和N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)-乙氨基甲膦酸4-硝基苯乙基单酯(三乙铵盐)(实施例15)中加入1.5当量(基于实施例23)N-氧化-4-甲氧基吡啶进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA90∶10∶2,然后80∶20∶2)纯化所得产物。产率15%。MS(ES+):2007(M+H)+;2029(M+Na)+.1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO,TMS)特征性信号是:Ar-H & 胸腺嘧啶-H:6.79-8.21(m,30H);CO-CH2:4.53-4.87(m,8H);胸腺嘧啶-CH3:1.58-1.89(m,12H).
28)5′-HO-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2
按实施例4所述的相似方法从“5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2”(实施例27)进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA70∶30∶2)纯化所得产物。产率为55%。
MS(FAB):1735(M+H)+;1757(N+Na)+。
29)5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)2
按实施例17所述的相似方法从N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(2-羟乙基)氨基甲膦酸二(4-硝基苯基乙基)酯(实施例20)和N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)-乙氨基膦酸4-硝基苯乙基单酯(三乙铵盐)(实施例15)进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA 100∶10∶1,然后90∶10∶1)纯化所得产物。产率为87%。MS(FAB):1356.2(M+2Li-H)+.1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO,TMS)
特征性信号是:Ar-H & 胸腺嘧啶-H:6.82-8.18(m,28H);CO-CH2:4.50-4.71(m,4H);胸腺嘧啶-CH3:1.59-1.78(m,6H).
30)5′-HO-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)2
按实施例4所述相似方法从“5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)2”(实施例20)进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA85∶15∶1,然后80∶20∶1)纯化所得产物。产率为78%。MS(ES+):1072.7(M+H)+.1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO,TMS)
特征性信号是:Ar-H & 胸腺嘧啶-H:7.08-8.20(m,14H);CO-CH2:4.52-4.80(m,4H);胸腺嘧啶-CH3:1.70(s,宽峰,6H).
31)5′-MMTr-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)2
按实例17的相似方法从N-(N6-甲氧苯甲酰)胞嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸2-(对硝基苯基)乙基单酯(三乙铵盐)(实施例3)和“5′-HO-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)2”(实施例6)进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA80∶19∶1)纯化所得产物。产率66%。
MS(FAB):2155(M+H)+;2161(M+Li)+;2177(M+Na)+。
32)5′-HO-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)2
按实施例4的相似方法从5′-MMTr-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)2(实施例31)进行合成。在硅凝胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA 85∶15∶1,然后80∶20∶1)纯化所得合成产物。产率为70%。
MS(FAB):1882(M+H)+;1904(M+Na)+。
33)N-(N6-甲氧苯甲酰)胞嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸烯丙基酯2-(对硝基苯基)乙基酯
按实施例17的相似方法从N-(N6-甲氧苯甲酰)胞嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸烯丙基酯2-(对硝基苯基)乙基单酯(三乙铵盐)(实施例3)和烯丙醇进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA95∶5∶1)以纯化合成的产物。MS(ES+):902.1(M+H)+;924.1(M+Na)+.1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO,TMS):δ=2.94-3.70(m,8H,P-O-CH2-CH2-Ar+MMTr-O-CH2+N-CH2+P-CH2);3.75(s,3H,OCH3);3.86(s,3H,OCH3);4.10-4.60(m,4H,P-O-CH2);4.79 & 4.84(各情况下s,宽峰,2H,CO-CH2);5.09-5.39(m,2H,H2C=CH-);5.71-6.00(m,1H,H2C=CH-);6.83-8.19(m,24H,Ar-H,胞嘧啶基-H);11.03(B,宽峰,1H,NH).
34)N-(N6-甲氧苯甲酰)胞嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-羟基)乙氨基甲膦酸烯丙基酯2-(对硝基苯基)乙酯
按实施例4的相似的方法从N-(N6-甲氧苯甲酰)胞嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸烯丙酯2-(对硝基苯基)乙酯(实施例33)进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA 94∶5∶1)纯化所合成的产物。产率为83%。MS(ES+):630.2(M+H)+.1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO,TMS):δ=3.02(t,2H,P-O-CH2-CH2-Ar);3.37-3.72(m,4H,HO-CH2-CH2);3.86(s,3H,OCH3);3.91(d,J=11Hz,2H,P-CH2);4.22(dt,2H,P-O-CH2-CH2-Ar);4.40(dd,2H,O-CH2-CH=CH2);4.78 & 501(m,2H,CO-CH2);5.11-5.33(m,2H,H2C=CH-);5.71-6.00(m,1H,H2C=CH-);6.99-8.21(m,14H,Ar-H,胞嘧啶基-H);11.03(s,宽峰,1H,NH).
35)N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)-乙氨基甲膦酸烯丙基酯2-(对硝基苯基)乙基酯
按实施例17的相似的方法从N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)-乙氨基甲膦酸4-硝基苯基乙基单酯(三乙铵盐)(实施例15)和烯丙醇进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA 97∶3∶20以纯化的合成的产物。产率为100%。
MS(FAB):805.3(M+Na)+。
36)N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(2-羟基)乙氨基膦酸2-(对硝基苯基)乙酯
按实施例4的相似方法从N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧苯)乙氨基甲膦酸烯丙酯2-(对硝基苯基)乙基酯(实施例35)进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA90∶10∶2)纯化所合成的产物。产率为86%。
MS(ES+):511.1(M+H)+。
37)5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)(O-烯丙基)
按实施例17的相似方法从N-胸腺嘧啶-1基-乙酰-N-(2-羟基)-乙氨基甲膦酸烯丙酯2-(对硝基苯基)乙基酯(实施例36)和N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧苯)乙氨基甲膦酸4-硝基苯乙基单酯(三乙铵盐)(实施例15)进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA 90∶10∶2)以纯化所合成的产物。产率为90%。
MS(FAB):1257.3(M+Na)+。
38)5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2
按实施例17的相似方法从“5′-HO-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2”(实施例28)和N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰基-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸4-硝基苯乙基单酯(三乙按盐)(实施例15)进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA80∶20∶2)以纯化所合成的产物。产率57%。
MS(FAB):2460(M+H)+;2482(M+Na)+。
39)5′-HO-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2
按实施例4的相似方法从“5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2”(实施例38)进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA70∶30∶2)以纯化所合成的产物。产率为55%。
MS(FAB):2209(M+Na)+。
40)5′-HO-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OEt)2
将4.0mg(0.00183mmol)“5′-HO-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2”(实施例39)溶解在DBU在吡啶中制成的1.1ml 0.5M溶液中并于室温下搅拌24小时。真空蒸发反应混合物并将残留物与甲苯一起搅拌几次。使用注射器除去溶剂,并用戊烷再次搅拌残留物,再次使用注射器除去溶剂。真空中干燥产物。所得强吸温粉末的产率为4mg。
MS(ES-):1589.7(M-H)-;1611.8(M+Na-2H)-。
41)5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2
a)按实施例17的相似方法从“5′-HO-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2”(实施例39)和N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙碳基-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸4-硝基苯基乙基单酯(三乙铵盐)(实施例15)进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA80∶20∶2,然后改为70∶30∶2)以纯化所合成的产物。
MS(FAB):2934(M+Na)+,2957(M+2Na-H)+,2978(M+3Na-2H)+。
b)按实施例17的相似方法从“5′-HO-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2”(实施例28)和“5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)(OH)”(实施例42)进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA 80∶20∶2,然后为70∶30∶2)以纯化所合成的产物。在真空下蒸发除去溶剂得目标部分,然后加戊烷和乙醚研制之。MS检测结果同上。
42)5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)(OH)
将24.7mg(0.02mmol)“5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)(O-烯丙基)(实施例37)连同16.2mg(0.12mmol)二乙铵碳酸氢盐溶解于2ml无水DCM中。在15-20℃,在2分钟期间内滴加13.9mg(0.012mmol)四(三苯基膦)钯(0)和2.1mg(0.008mmol)三苯膦在2ml无水DCM中制成的溶液。室温下将混合物搅拌30分钟。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA 80∶20∶1,然后60∶40∶1)上述反应混合物以纯化所需产物。在真空下蒸发产物部分并先用戊烷、再用EA/乙醚、然后用戊烷研磨残留物并在真空中干燥之。产率57%。MS(ES-):1193.6(M-H)-.1H-NMR(200MMz,DMSO,TMS):特征性信号:δ=1.67 & 1.72(每种情况下s,3H,T-CH3);4.60 & 4.82(每种情况下s,2H,CO-CH2);6.83-8.19(m,24H,Ar-H,T-H);
43)5′-HO-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2
按实施例4的类似方法从“5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2”(实施例41)进行合成。反应发生后浓缩反应混合物,将残留物与甲苯共蒸发3次,然后先与EA/乙醚、再与戊烷一起搅拌。在真空中干燥残留物。
MS(FAB):2662(M+Na)+。
44)5′-HO-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)(O-烯丙基)
按实施例4的方法从“5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)(O-烯丙基)”(实施例37)进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA 90∶10∶1,然后改为80∶20∶1)纯化所需产物。产率为87%。
MS(EAB):963.0(M+H)+;985.1(M+Na)+。
45)5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)(OH)
a)5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)(O-烯丙基)
按实施例17的相似方法从“5′-HO-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)(O-烯丙基)”(实施例44)和N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰基-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸4-硝基苯乙基单酯(三乙铵盐)(实施例15)进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA 90∶10∶1,然后改为85∶15∶1)纯化所合成的产物。产率55%。
b)5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)(OH)
按实施例42中所述使“5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)(O-烯丙基)”(实施例45a)与四(三苯膦)-钯(0)反应。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA 80∶20∶2,然后70∶30∶2)以纯化产物。在真空中蒸发产物物部分,并加戊烷和乙醚研磨残留物。产率98%。
MS(ES+;LiCl):1654.1(M+Li+)。
46)5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2
按实施例17的相似方法从N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰基-N-(2-羟基)乙氨基甲膦酸二乙酯(实施例10)和“5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)(OH)”(实施例45b)进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA90∶10∶2,然后80∶20∶2)纯化该产物。加工、纯化和特征鉴定同实施例27中所述。
47)5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2
按实施例17的相似方法从“5′-HO-T-P(ONPE)-T-P-(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2”(实施例26)和“5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)(OH)”(实施例45b进行合成。在硅凝胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA80∶20∶2)纯化所合成的产物。真空下蒸发产物部分,与甲苯共蒸发并用制备型HPLC(高压液相层析法)纯化之:RPS LiChrospher 60,水/乙腈:1∶1;0.1%乙酸铵;1ml/分钟。Rf=12.97分钟。
48)5′-HO-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-P(OH)T-P(OEt)2
a)5’-HO-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2
按实施例4的相似方法从“5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPT)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2”(实施例47)进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA 70∶30∶2,然后改为60∶40∶2)以纯化所合成的产物。在真空蒸发产物部分,先加戊烷,再加乙醚搅拌残留物,并真空干燥之。产率100%。
MS(FAB):2662(M+Na)+,2684(M+2Ma-H)+,2706(M+3Na-2H)+。
b)5′-HO-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OEt)2
使“5′-HO-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(0NPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2(实施例48a)与DBU反应并按实施40所述相似方法处理。
MS(ES-):1892(M-H-);1915(M+Na-ZH)-
49)5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2
按实施例17的相似方法从“5′-HO-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OHPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2”(实施例28)和“5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)(OH)”(实施例45b)进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA80∶20∶2,然后为70∶30∶2)以纯化所得产物。真空下蒸发产物部分,与甲苯共蒸发并用制备型HPLC纯化之:RP8 LiChrospher60,水/乙腈:1∶1;0.1%乙酸铵;1ml/分钟。Rf=15.24分钟。
MS(FAB):3386(M+Na)+,3409(M+2Na-H)+。
50)5′-OH-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P-(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2
按实施例4的相似方法从“5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2”(实施例49)进行合成。为纯化该产物,真空中蒸发并与甲苯共蒸发3次,先加戊烷再加乙醚搅拌残留物,并真空干燥。产率:>90%。
MS(FAB):3114(M+Na)+。
51)5′-HO-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OEt)2
使“5′-HO-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2”(实施例50)与DBU反应并按实施例40的相似方法处理。
MS(ES-):2196(M-H-)-;2218(M+Na-2H)-。
52)5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2
按与实施例17相似的方法从“5’-HO-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2”(实施例48a)和“5 ′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OHPE)(OH)”(实施例45b)进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/EA 70∶30∶2,然后是60∶40∶2)以纯化合成的产物。真空干燥产物部分,与甲苯共蒸发并用制备型HPLC纯化之:RP8 LiChrospher 60,水/乙腈:1∶1;0.1%乙酸铵;1ml/分钟。Rf=23.95分钟。
53)5′-HO-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)LTLP(OH)-T-P(OEt)2
a)5′-HO-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2
按与实施例4相似的方法从“5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2”(实施例52)进行合成。为了纯化产物,在真空中蒸发并与甲苯共蒸发3次,残留物先与戊烷再与乙醚一起搅拌,并真空干燥。产率:>90%。
b)5′-HO-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OEt)2
使“5′-HO-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(OEt)2”(实施例53a)与DBU反应并按实施例40所述相似方法进行处理。
MS(ES-):2802(M-H-)-;2825(M+Na-2H)-。
54)2-(N′-叔丁氧基羰基氨基)乙氨基甲膦酸二(2-(对硝基苯基)乙基)酯
a)1-甲基亚氨基-2-(N′-叔丁氧基羰基氨基)乙烷(三聚体)
冰冷却下用1.5ml(18.72mmol)37%甲醛处理溶解于8ml甲醇中的2.0g(12.5mmol)2-氨基-1-(N′-叔丁氧基羰基氨基)乙烷,并将混合物室温搅拌/1小时。将残留物重新溶解于EA中,先用饱和NaHCO3溶液洗两次再用NaCl溶液洗,干燥后过滤并真空蒸发。在硅胶上层析(EA/TEA 100∶0.2,然后改为EA/甲醇/TEA 90∶10∶0.2)。产率为0.8g。MS(FAB/LiCl)523.4(M+2Li-H)+.1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO,TMS):δ=1.38(s,27H,tBu-H);2.40(t,6H,N-CH2);2.99(t,6H,N-CH2);3.25(t,6H,N-CH2);6.81(t,宽峰,3H,NH).
b)2-(N′-叔丁氧基羰基氨基)乙氨基甲膦酸2-二(2-(对硝基苯基)乙基)酯
按照与实施例1f相似的方法使1-甲基亚氨基-2-(N′-叔丁氧基羰基氨基)乙烷(三聚物)(实施例54a)与二(2-(4-硝基苯基))乙基)亚磷酸酯(实施例1e)反应。在硅胶上层析(首先甲苯/EA/TEA 20∶80∶0.2;然后EA/TEA 100∶0.2;最后EA/甲醇/TEA0.5∶5∶0.2)。产率为25%。MS(ES+/LiCl)553.3(M+H)+,559.3 M+Li)+,1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO,TMS):δ=1.37(s,9H,tBu-H);2.83(d,J=12Hz,2H,P-CH2);2.55(t,4H,Ar-CH2);2.90-3.09(m,4H,N-CH2-CH2-N);4.16(dt,4H,PO-CH2);7.52 & 8.15(每种情况下d,8H,Ar-H).
55)N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰基-N-(2-N′-叔丁氧基羰基氨基)乙氨基甲膦酸二(2-(对硝基苯基)乙基)酯
按实施例8相似的方法从2-(N′-叔丁氧基羰基氨基)乙氨基甲膦酸二(2-(对硝基苯基)乙基)酯和胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酸进行合成。产率:86%。MS(FAB/LiCl):725.3(M+Li)+.1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO,TMS):δ=1.42(s,9H,tBu-H);1.91(s,3H,T-CH3);2.99-3.58(m,8H,P-O-CH2-CH2-Ar & N-CH2-CH2-N);3.75(d,J=12Hz,2H,P-CH2);4.06-4.38(m,4H,PO-CH2);7.37 & 8.15(每种情况下d,8H,Ar-H).
56)与DNA相互作用:UV熔化曲线
以实例方式,通过记录“5′-HO-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OEt)2”(实施例53b)与(dA)9的UV熔化曲线以证明本发明的化合物与互补核酸的相互作用。为此,在各情况下均在1ml缓冲液(1mM NaCl、20mMMgCl2、10mM HEPES、pH7.5)中制备0.3 OD的“5′-HO-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P-(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OEt)2”和(dA)9,并记录作为温度(0到80℃)函数的260nm的消光改变。结果可在图1中看出。根据所得到的熔化曲线确定Tm值为约23℃。
57)与DNA的值互作用:凝胶迁移实验
在凝胶迁移实验中将“5′-HO-T-P(OH)-T-P-(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OEt)2”(实施例53b)和(dA)9杂交,以实例证明本发明的化合物与互补核酸的相互作用,每种情况下均将以上两物质自身或它们的1∶1、1∶2、1∶5及1∶10的混合物加于非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶(20%,电泳缓冲液1×TBE,10mM MgCl2)上并确定电泳迁移。结果可从图2中看出:(dA)9迁移比“5′-HO-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OEt)2”快,在1∶1混合物中两者只能微弱可见,而代之以形成一条相当于两成分间的复合物的较慢的带。在2∶1混合物中,不再能看到(dA)9,而新带是更加清楚。5∶1或10∶1混合物也是这种情况,其中另外可测到明显过量的“5′-HO-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OEt)2”。
58)5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(O-乙基)2(还参见实施例21,另一种合成方法)
a)将8.44mg(10μmol)N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4甲氧三苯基甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸4-硝基苯乙基单酯(三乙铵盐)(实施例15)、3.77mg(10μmol)N-胸腺嘌呤-1-基-乙酰-N-(2-羟基)乙氨基甲膦酸二乙酯(实施例10)和64.6mg(500μmol)N-乙基二异丙基胺(DIPEA)溶解于0.3ml无水DMF中。向其中加入44.2mg(100μmol)(苯并三唑基氧基)三(二甲氨基)鏻六氟磷酸盐(BOP)。室温下将混合物搅拌24小时。根据TLC(EA/甲醇/TEA 100∶20∶2;Rf=0.5)产率约为70%
b)按照实施例58a的相似方法合成,但使用30μmol HATU(O-(7-氮杂苯并三唑-1-基)-N,N,N′,N′-四甲基脲鎓六氟磷酸盐代替100μmol BOP。根据TLC产率约为65%。
59)N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸2-(对硝基苯基)乙基酯5’-〔3’-(4-氧代戊酰)〕胸腺嘧啶酯
按照实施例17的方法从N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸4-硝基苯乙基单酯(三乙铵盐,实施例15)和3′-(4-氧代戊酰)胸腺嘧啶进行合成。在硅胶上层析(DCM/甲醇/TEA 98∶2∶0.25)纯化所得产物。产率为46%。
MS(FAB/LiCl):1071.4(M+Li)+。
60)N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸2-(对硝基苯基)乙基5′-胸腺嘧啶二酯
将64mg(0.06mmol)N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧苯)乙氨基甲膦酸2-(对硝基苯基)乙基酯5′-〔3′-(4-氧代戊酰)〕胸腺嘧啶酯(实施例59)溶解在0.5ml二恶烷中。加入溶于0.12ml水中的9mg(0.23mmol)NaBH4并将混合物于室温下搅拌20分钟。真空除去溶剂。将残留物重新溶解于DCM中并用水提取所得溶液,然后于燥之。在硅胶上层析(DCM/甲醇/TEA 92∶8∶0.5)以纯化所得产物。产率为72%。MS(FAB/LiCl):973.4(M+Li)+,979.4(M+2Li-H)+,985.4(M+3Li-2H)+.
61)N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)-乙氨基甲膦酸2-(对硝基苯基)乙基酯5′-胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷-3′-(N,N-二异丙基氨基磷酸氰乙酯)酯
将31mg(0.032mmol)N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸2-(对硝基苯基)乙基5′-胸腺嘧啶二酯(实施例60)与无水CH3CN共蒸发两次并溶解于0.4ml无水THF中。先向其中加入12.4mg(0.096mmol)二异丙基乙基胺,再加入9.8mg(0.045mmol)氯代二异丙基氨基磷酸氰乙酯。将混合物搅拌3小时,过滤并真空蒸发。产率为63%。Ms(FAB/LiCl):1173.3(M+Li)+,1180.4(M+2Li-H)+,1186.4(M+3Li-2H)+.
62)N-〔N9-(O6-二苯基氨基甲酰基-N2-乙酰鸟嘌呤〕乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸二(2-(对硝基苯基)乙基)酯
按实施例2的相似方法从N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸二(2-(对硝基苯基)乙基酯和O6-二苯基氨基甲酰基-N2-乙酰鸟嘌呤乙酸进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/TEA98∶2)纯化所合成的产物。产率:87%。
MS(FAB/LiCl):1154.8(M+H)+,1160.7(M+Li)+。
63)N-〔N9-(N4-甲氧苯甲酰)腺嘌呤〕乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸二(2-(对硝基苯基)乙基)酯
按实施例2的相似方法从N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸二(2-(对硝基苯基)乙基)酯(实施例1f)和N4-甲氧苯甲酰腺嘌呤乙酸进行合成。在硅胶上层析(DCM/甲醇/TEA 95∶4∶1)纯化合成产物。产率:82%。
MS(ES+):1035.7(M+H)+.1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO,TMS):δ=2.93(t,4H,P-O-CH2-CH2-Ar);3.09(t,2H,MMTr-O-CH2);3.23-3.75(m,4H,P-CH2+N-CH2);3.75(s,3H,OCH3);3.87(s,3H,OCH3);4.08(dt,4H,P-O-CH2);5.28-5.42(m,2H,CO-CH2);6.81-8.20(m,28H,Ar-H,A-H);11.00(s broad,1H,NH).
64)N-〔N9-(N4-甲氧苯甲酰腺嘌呤〕乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸单(2-(对硝基苯基)乙基)酯
按实施例3的相似方法从N-〔N9-(N4-甲氧苯甲酰腺嘌呤〕乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸二(2-(对硝基苯基)乙基)酯(实施例63)进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA 65∶35∶2)以纯化产物。产率52%。
MS(FAB/LiCl)874.3(M+2Li-H)+。
65)N-胸腺嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(2-甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸二(2-(对硝基苯基)乙基)酯
按如实施例2所述的相似方法从N-(2-甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸二(2-(对硝基苯基)乙基)酯(按实施例1所述相似方法从2-甲氧基乙胺开始,经与甲醛和亚磷酸二(2-(4-硝基苯基)乙基)酯反应合成)及胸腺嘧啶-1-基乙酸反应而合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇90∶10)以纯化产物。产率:64%
MS(FAB/LiCl):640.3(M+Li)+。
66)5′-MMTr-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)(O-烯丙基)
按照实施例17所述的相似方法从N-(N6-甲氧苯甲酰)胞嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧苯)乙氨基甲膦酸(2-(对硝基苯)乙基)单酯(三乙铵盐,实施例3)和N-(N6-甲氧苯甲酰)胞嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(2-羟基)乙氨基甲膦酸烯丙基2-(对硝基苯基)乙基二酯(实施例34)进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA85∶14∶1)以纯化合成产物。产率36%。
MS(FAB):1474(M+H)+;1496(M+Na)+。
67)5′-HO-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)(O-烯丙基)
按实施例4的相似方法从“5′-MMTr-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)(O-烯丙基)”(实施例66)进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA80∶19∶1)纯化所需产物。产率约55%。
MS(FAB):1201.3(M+H)+,1223.3(M+Na)+。
68)5′-MMTr-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)(O-烯丙基)
按照实施例17所述的相似方法从N-(N6-甲氧苯甲酰)-胞嘧啶-1-基-乙酰-N-(4-甲氧三苯基甲氧基)乙氨基甲膦酸2-(对基苯基)乙基单酯(三乙铵盐)(实施例3)和5′-HO-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)(O-烯丙基)(实施例67)进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA80∶20∶1)以纯化产物。产率58%
MS(FAB):2046(M+H)+;2068(M+Na)+。
69)5′-MMTr-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)(OH)
按照实施例42的相似方法从“5′-MMTr-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)(O-烯丙基)”(实施例68)进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA 60∶38∶2)以纯化所得产物。产率:66%。
MS(FAB):2027(M+Na)+;2049(M+2Na-H)+。
70)5′-MMTr-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-p(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)2
按照实施例17的相似方法从“5′-MMTr-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)(OH)”(实施例69)和“5′-HO-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)2”(实施例32)进行合成。在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA70∶30∶2)以纯所得需产物。产率:58%。
MS(FAB):3892(M+Na)+;3914(M+2Na-H)+。
71)5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)2
按照实施例17的相似方法从“5′-MMTr从T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)(OH)”(实施例45)和“5′-HO-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)2”(实施例32)进行合成。为纯化产物,在硅胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA60∶40∶2)。真空蒸发产物部分并用制备性HPLC(高压液相层析法)纯化之:RP8 LiChrosper 60,水/乙腈:1∶1;0.1%乙酸铵;1m/分钟。Rf=16.6分钟。
MS(FAB):3534(M+Na)+;3556(M+Na-H)+。
72)5′-MMTr-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-CAn-P(OH)-CAn-P(OH)-CAn-P(OH)2
按照实施例40的相似方法从“5′-MMTr-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)2”(2mg)(实施例71)合成。
MS(ES-):2466.4(M-H)。
73)5′-MMTr-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-C-P(OH)-C-P(OH)-C-P(OH)2
用3ml 33%NH4OH水溶液处理约1mg“5′-MMTr-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-CAn-P(OH)-CAn-P(OH)-CAn-P(OH)2”(实施例72)并于室温下搅拌24小时。真空蒸发反应混合物。产率:约0.6mg(19 OD)。
MS(ES-):2064.5(M-H)-。
74)5′-HO-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-C-P(OH)-C-P(OH)-C-P(OH)2
将8OD的“5′-MMTr-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-T-P(OH)-C-P(OH)-C-P(OH)-C-P(OH)2”(实施例73)溶解于0.5ml水中并加到Poly pakTM(Glen Research,#60-1100-10)上。按制造商的说明(Glen Research User Guede)除去MMTr基团。产率:约0.35mg(11 OD)。
MS(ES-):1792.6(M-M)-。
75)5′-MMTr-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)-T-P(ONPE)2
按照实施例17的相似方法从“5′-MMTr-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)-CAn-P(ONPE)(OH)”(实施例69)和“5′-HO-T-P(ONPE)T-P(OHPE)-T-P(OEt)2”(实施例26)合成。在硅凝胶上层析(EA/甲醇/TEA 80∶20∶2;然后70∶30∶2)以纯化合成的产物。产物部分与甲苯共蒸发,真空蒸发并加戊烷研磨。产率:48%。
MS(FAB):3744(M+Na)+;3766(M+2Na-H)+。
序列表(1)一般信息:(iii)申请人:(A)名称:Hoechst Akitengesellschaft(C)城市:Frankfurt(E)国家:德国(F)邮政编码:65926(ii)申请的题目:膦酰基单酯核酸,其制备方法及应用(iii)序列数:33(iv)计算机可读形式:(A)媒体类型:软盘(B)计算机:IBM PC兼容机(C)操作系统:PC-DOS/MS-DOS(D)软件:Patentrn Release#1.0,Version#1.25(EPO)(2)SEQ IDNO:1的信息(i)序列特征:(A)长度:20碱基对(B)类型:核酸(C)链型:单股(D)拓扑结构:线性(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)(iii)反义:是(ix)特征:(A)名称/键:外显子(B)定位:1..20(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:1:ACACCCAATT CTGAAAATGG(2)SEQ ID NO:2的信息(i)序列特征:(A)长度:20碱基对(B)类型:核酸(C)链型:单股(D)拓扑结构:线性(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)(iii)反义:是(ix)特征:(A)名称/键:外显子(B)定位:1..20(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:2:AGGTCCCTGT TCGGGCGCCA(2)SEQ ID NO:3的信息:(i)序列特征:(A)长度:28碱基对(B)类型:核酸(C)链型:单股(D)拓扑结构:线性(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)(iii)反义:是(ix)特征:(A)名称/键:外显子(B)定位:1..28(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:3:GTCGACACCC AATTCTGAAA ATGGATAA(2)SEQ I NO:4的信息:(i)序列特征:(A)长度:25碱基对(B)类型:核酸(C)链型:单股(D)拓扑结构:线性(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)(iii)反义:是(ix)特征:(A)名称/键:外显子(B)定位:1.25(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:4:GCTATGTCGA CACCCAATTC TGAA(2)FORSEQ ID NO:5:的信息:(i)序列特征:(A)长度:26碱基对(B)类型:核酸(C)链型:单股(D)拓扑结构:线性(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)(iii)反义:是(ix)名称/键:外显子(B)定位:1..26(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:5:GTCGCTGTCT CCGCTTCTTCTTCCTG(2)SEQ ID NO:6的信息:(i)序列特征:(A)长度:27碱基对(B)类型:核酸(C)链型:单股(D)拓扑结构:线性(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)(iii)反义:是(ix)特征:(A)名称/键:外显子(B)定位:1..27(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:6:GTCTCCGCTT CTTCTTCCTG CCATAGG(2)SEQ IN NO:7的信息:(i)序列特征:(A)长度:20碱基对(B)类型:核酸(C)链型:单股(D)拓扑结构:线性(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)(iii)反义:是(ix)特征:(A)名称/键:外显子(B)定位:1..20(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:7:GCGGGGCTCC ATGGGGGTCG(2)SEQ ID NO:8的信息:(i)序列特征:(A)长度:15碱基对(B)类型:核酸(C)链型:单股(D)拓扑结构:线性(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)(iii)反义:是(ix)特征:(A)名称/键:外显子(B)定位:1..15(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:8:CAGCTGCAAC CCAGC(2)SEQ ID NO:9的信息:(i)序列特征:(A)长度:21碱基对(B)类型:核酸(C)链型:单股(D)拓扑结构:线性(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)(iii)反义:是(ix)特征:(A)名称/键:外显子(B)定位:1..21(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:9:GGCTGCTGGA GCGGGGCACA C(2)SEQ ID NO:10的信息:(i)序列特征:(A)长度:15碱基对(B)类型:核酸(C)链型:单股(D)拓扑结构:线性(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)(iii)反义:是(ix)特征:(A)名称/键:外显子(B)定位:1..15(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:10:AACGTTGAGG GGCAT(2)SEQ IN NO:11的信息:(i)序列特征:(A)长度:18碱基对(B)类型:核酸(C)链型:单股(D)拓扑结构:线性(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)(iii)反义:是(ix)特征:(A)名称/键:外显子(B)定位:1..18(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:11GTGCCGGGGT CTTCGGGC(2)SEQ ID NO:12的信息:(i)序列特征:(A)长度:21碱基对(B)类型:核酸(C)链型:单股(D)拓扑结构:线性(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)(iii)反义:是(ix)特征:(A)名称/键:外显子(B)定位:1..21(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:12:GGAGAACATC ATGGTCGAAAG(2)SEQ ID NO:13的信息:(i)序列特征:(A)长度:22碱基对(B)类型:核酸(C)链型:单股(D)拓扑结构:线性(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)(iii)反义:是(ix)特征(A)名称/键:外显子(B)定位:1..22(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:13:CCCGAGAACA TCATGGTCGA AG(2)SEQ ID NO:14的信息:(i)序列特征:(A)长度:20碱基对(B)类型:核酸(C)链型:单股(D)拓扑结构:线性(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)(iii)反义:是(ix)特征:(A)名称/键:外显子(B)定位:1..20(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:14:GGGGAAAGCC CGGCAAGGGG(2)SEQ ID NO:15的信息(i)序列特征:(A)长度:20碱基对(B)类型:核酸(C)链型:单股(D)拓扑结构:线性(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)(iii)反义:是(ix)特征:(A)名称/键:外显子(B)定位:1..20(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:15:CACCCGCCTT GGCCTCCCTC(2)(2)SEQ ID NO:16的信息(i)序列特征:(A)长度:18碱基对(B)类型:核酸(C)链型:单股(D)拓扑结构:线性(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)(iii)反义:是(ix)特征:(A)名称/键:外显子(B)定位:1..18(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:16:GGGACTCCGG CGCAGCGC(2)SEQ ID NO:17的信息(i)序列特征:(A)长度:20碱基对(B)类型:核酸(C)链型:单股(D)拓扑结构:线性(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)(iii)反义:是(ix)特征:(A)名称/键:外显子(B)定位:1..20(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:17:GGCAAACTTT CTTTTCCTCC(2)SEQ ID NO:18的信息(i)序列特征:(A)长度:19碱基对(B)类型:核酸(C)链型:单股(D)拓扑结构:线性(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)(iii)反义:是(ix)特征:(A)名称/键:外显子(B)定位:1..19(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:18:GGGAAGGAGG AGGATGAGG(2)SEQ ID NO:19的信息(i)序列特征:(A)长度:21碱基对(B)类型:核酸(C)链型:单股(D)拓扑结构:线性(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)(iii)反义:是(ix)特征:(A)名称/键:外显子(B)定位:1..21(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:19:GGCAGTCATC CAGCTTCGGAG(2)SEQ ID NO:20的信息(i)序列特征:(A)长度:18碱基对(B)类型:核酸(C)链型:单股(D)拓扑结构:线性(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)(iii)反义:是(ix)特征:(A)名称/键:外显子(B)定位:1..18(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:20:GCAGTAAGCA TCCATATC(2)SEQ ID NO:21的信息(i)序列特征:(A)长度:20碱基对(B)类型:核酸(C)链型:单股(D)拓扑结构:线性(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)(iii)反义:是(ix)特征:(A)名称/键:外显子(B)定位:1..20(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:21:CCCCCACCAC TTCCCCACTC(2)SEQ ID NO:22的信息(i)序列特征:(A)长度:20碱基对(B)类型:核酸(C)链型:单股(D)拓扑结构:线性(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)(iii)反义:是(ix)特征:(A)名称/键:外显子(B)定位:1..20(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:22:CTCCCCCCACC ACTTCCCCTC(2)SEQ ID NO:23的信息(i)序列特征:(A)长度:19碱基对(B)类型:核酸(C)链型:单股(D)拓扑结构:线性(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)(iii)反义:是(ix)特征:(A)名称/键:外显子(B)定位:1..19(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:23:GCTGGGAGCC ATAGCGAGG(2)SEQ ID NO:24的信息(i)序列特征:(A)长度:21碱基对(B)类型:核酸(C)链型:单股(D)拓扑结构:线性(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)(iii)反义:是(ix)特征:(A)名称/键:外显子(B)定位:1..19(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:24:ACTGCTGCCT CTTGTCTCAGG(2)SEQ ID NO:25的信息(i)序列特征:(A)长度:22碱基对(B)类型:核酸(C)链型:单股(D)拓扑结构:线性(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)(iii)反义:是(ix)特征:(A)名称/键:外显子(B)定位:1..22(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:25:CAATCAATGA CTTCAAGAGT TC(2)SEQ ID NO:26的信息(i)序列特征:(A)长度:19碱基对(B)类型:核酸(C)链型:单股(D)拓扑结构:线性(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)(iii)反义:是(ix)特征:(A)名称/键:外显子(B)定位:1..19(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:26:GGTCCCTGTT CGGGCGCCA(2)SEQ ID NO:27的信息(i)序列特征:(A)长度:17碱基对(B)类型:核酸(C)链型:单股(D)拓扑结构:线性(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)(iii)反义:是(ix)特征:(A)名称/键:外显子(B)定位:1..17(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:27:GTGCCGGGGTCTTCGGG(2)SEQ ID NO:28的信息(i)序列特征:(A)长度:17碱基对(B)类型:核酸(C)链型:单股(D)拓扑结构:线性(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)(iii)反义:是(ix)特征:(A)名称/键:外显子(B)定位:1..17(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:28:GGAGGATGCT GAGGAGG(2)SEQ ID NO:29的信息(i)序列特征:(A)长度:14碱基对(B)类型:核酸(C)链型:单股(D)拓扑结构:线性(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)(iii)反义:是(ix)特征:(A)名称/键:外显子(B)定位:1..14(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:29:GGAGGATGCT GAGG(2)SEQ ID NO:30的信息(i)序列特征:(A)长度:19碱基对(B)类型:核酸(C)链型:单股(D)拓扑结构:线性(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)(iii)反义:是(ix)特征:(A)名称/键:外显子(B)定位:1..19(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:30:CAGGAGGATG CTGAGGAGG(2)SEQ ID NO:31的信息(i)序列特征:(A)长度:15碱基对(B)类型:核酸(C)链型:单股(D)拓扑结构:线性(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)(iii)反义:是(ix)特征:(A)名称/键:外显子(B)定位:1..15(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:31:GGCTGCCATG GTCCC(2)SEQ ID NO:32的信息(i)序列特征:(A)长度:20碱基对(B)类型:核酸(C)链型:单股(D)拓扑结构:线性(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)(iii)反义:是(ix)特征:(A)名称/键:外显子(B)定位:1..20(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:32:TGATGGTGTC CTTTGCAGCC(2)SEQ ID NO:33的信息(i)序列特征:(A)长度:18碱基对(B)类型:核酸(C)链型:单股(D)拓扑结构:线性(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)(iii)反义:是(ix)特征:(A)名称/键:外显子(B)定位:1..18(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:33:TCATGGTGTC CTTTGCAG
Claims (10)
1.式I的化合物
其中n是0到100的数;
B各自是氢、羟基、(C1-C20)-烷基、(C1-C20)-烷氧基、(C1-C20)-烷硫基、(C6-C20)-芳基、(C6-C20)-芳基-(C1-C6)-烷基、(C6-C20)-芳基-(C1-C6)-烷氧基、(C6-C20)-芳基-(C1-C6)-烷硫基、芳香基团或杂环基团,其中烷基、芳基和/或芳香或杂环基团可以被羟基、(C1-C4)-烷氧基、-NR9R10、-C(O)OH、氧代、-C(O)OR8、-C(O)NR9R10、-CN、-F、-Cl、-Br、-NO2、(C2-C6)-烷氧基烷基、-S(O))mR8、-(C1-C6)-烷基-S(O)mR8、-NHC(=NH)NHR8、-C(=NH)NHR8、-NR9C(O)R8、=NOR8、NR9C(=O)OR10、-OC(=O)NR9R10和-NR9C(=O)NR9R10一次或多次取代,或者
B各自是天然核苷碱基、非天然核苷碱基或报道配基;
A-B也可以是通过羧基基团缩合上的D或L-氨基酸或由具有长度达5个氨基酸残基的这些氨基酸组成的肽,
L各自是N或R1N+,且
R1是氢或可被羟基、(C1-C6)-烷氧基、(C1-C6)-烷硫基或氨基取代的(C1-C6)-烷基,较好是氢或甲基;
Y’是=O、=S、=CH2、=C(CH3)2或-HR1,其中R1定义同上;
M是单键、-O-、-S-或-NR1-,其中R1定义同上;
R2和R3各自为氢、羟基、(C1-C6)-烷氧基、(C1-C6)-烷硫基、氨基、卤素如F、Cl或Br、或可被羟基、(C1-C6)烷氧基或(C1-C6)-烷硫基取代的(C1-C6)-烷基;
p和q各自是0到5;
r和s各自是0到5;
D和G各自是CR5R6;
R5和R6各自是氢、(C1-C6)-烷基、(C6-C20)-芳基、(C6-C20)-芳基-(C1-C6)-烷基、羟基、(C1-C6)-烷氧基、(C1-C6)-烷硫基、且烷基和芳基可被SR1或NR1R1′取代,其中R1定义同上,R1′独立于R1具有如R1相同的意义;
X是-O-、-S-或-NR1-,其中R1是如上所定义;
Y是=O或=S;
Z是-OR8、-NR9R10或X′Q″,其中X′定义同X,且Q″定义同Q;
R8是氢、(C1-C18)-烷基、(C2-C18)链烯基、(C3-C18)炔基、(C6-C12)-芳基、(C6-C12)-芳基-(C1-C6)-烷基,其中烷基可被羟基、(C1-C4)-烷氧基、F、Cl或Br取代一次或多次,且芳基可被羟基、(C1-C4)-烷氧基、(C1-C4)-烷基、F、Cl、Br、NO2、-NR9R10、-C(O)OH、-C(O)O-(C1-C6)-烷基或-C(O)NR9R10取代1-3次,但较好是氢、(C1-C6)-烷基、(C6-C12)-芳基或(C6-C12)-芳基-(C1-C6)-烷基、其中芳基或被(C1-C4)烷氧基、(C1-C4)烷基、F、Cl、Br或NO2单取代,并且最好是氢、(C1-C6)-烷基、苯基或2-(4-硝基苯基)乙基;
R9和R10各自是氢、(C1-C18)-烷基、(C1-C18)-链烯基、(C1-C18)-炔基、(C6-C12)-芳基、(C6-C12)-芳基-(C1-C6-烷基、其中烷基可被羟基、(C1-C4)-烷氧基,F、Cl或Br取代一次或多次,或者R9和R10可与连结它们的N原子一起形成4到7元环;
Q和Q’各自是氢或R8,或有利地影响反义寡核苷酸或三链体形成寡核苷酸之性质的偶联物或作为DNA探针的标记或在寡核苷酸类似物与靶核酸的杂交中经结合或交联攻出该靶核酸的偶联物,或者是可以未被修饰或经过修饰的寡核苷酸。
2.如权利要求1中限定的式I的化合物,其中
n是0到50的数;
B各自是天然核苷碱基或非天然核苷碱基;
L是N;
A是式IIb的基团,其中r=1,s是零,且R2,R3=H,Y’=O且M是单键;
D和G各自为CHR5;
R5是氢;
X是-O-;
Y是=O;
Z是羟基、甲氧基、乙氧基、(4-硝基苯基)乙氧基、丙氧基、异丙氧基、丁氧基、戊氧基、苯氧基或烯丙氧基;
Q和Q′各自是氢、R8或可未被修饰或被修饰的寡核苷酸,其中
a)3′-各/或5′-磷酸二酯桥接部分被硫代磷酸酯、二硫代磷酸酯、NR4R4′-氨基磷酸酯、磷酸O-甲基酯、磷酸O-乙基酯、磷酸O-异丙基酯、甲基膦酸酯或苯基膦酸酯桥接部分完全或部分取代;
b)嘧啶位置中及5′末端和/或3′末端上的1个、2个或3个3′-或5′-磷酸二酯桥接部分被甲缩醛和/或3′-硫代甲缩醛取代;
c)磷酸糖酯骨架被“PNA”或PNA-DNA杂合体完全或部分地取代;
d)B-D-2′-脱氧核糖单位被2′-F-2′-脱氧核糖、2′-O-(C1-C6)烷基核糖、2′-O-(C2-C6)-链烯基核糖或2′-NH2-2′-脱氧核糖完全或部分地取代;
e)天然核苷碱基被5-(C1-C6)烷基尿嘧啶、5-(C2-C6)-链烯基尿嘧啶、5-(C2-C6)-炔基尿嘧啶、5-(C1-C6)-烷基胞嘧啶、5-(C2-C6)-链烯基胞嘧啶、5-(C2-C6)-炔基胞嘧啶、5-氟尿嘧啶、5-氟胞嘧啶、5-氯尿嘧啶、5-氯胞嘧啶、5-溴尿嘧啶、5-溴胞嘧啶、7-脱氮杂-7-(C2-C7)-炔基鸟嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-(C2-C7)-炔基腺嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-(C2-C7)-链烯基鸟嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-(C2-C7)-链烯基腺嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-(C1-C7)-烷基鸟嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-(C1-C7)-烷基腺嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-溴鸟嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-溴腺嘌呤。
3.如权利要求1或2中限定的式I的化合物,其中
n是0到30的数;
Q的Q′各自是氢、R8,其中R8是H、(C1-C6)-烷基、苯基或2-(4-硝基苯基)乙基,或可未被修饰或被修饰的寡核苷酸,其中
a)3′-和/或5′-磷酸二酯桥接部分被硫代磷酸酯、二硫代磷酸酯或甲基膦酸酯桥接部分完全或部分地取代;
b)在5’-和3’-末端的1个、2个或3个3′-或5’-磷酸二酯桥接部分被取代;
c)磷酸糖酯骨架被“PNA”或PNA-DNA杂合物完全或部分地取代;
d)B-D-2′-脱氧核糖单位被2′-F-2′-脱氧核糖、2′-O-(C1-C4)-烷基核糖、2′-O-(C2-C4)-链烯基核糖或2′-NH2-2′-脱氧核糖完全或部分地取代;
e)天然核苷碱基被5-(C3-C6)-烷基尿嘧啶、5-(C2-C6)-链烯基尿嘧啶、5-(C2-C6)炔基尿嘧啶、5-(C2-C6)炔基胞嘧啶、5-(C2-C6)-链烯基胞嘧啶、5-(C1-C6)-烷基胞嘧啶、7-脱氮杂-7-(C2-C7)-炔基鸟嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-(C2-C7)-炔基腺嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-(C2-C7)-链烯基腺嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-(C2-C7)-链烯基鸟嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-(C1-C7)-烷基鸟嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-(C1-C7)-烷基腺嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-溴鸟嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-溴腺嘌呤。
4.如权利要求1-3中所限定的式I的化合物,其中
n是0到25的数;
B各自是天然核苷碱基;
Z是羟基、乙氧基、(4-硝基苯基)乙氧基或苯氧基;
Q和Q′各自是氢、R8,其中R8是H、(C1-C6)-烷基、苯基或2-(4-硝基苯基)乙基,或者是可未被修饰或被修饰的寡核苷酸,其中
a)3′-和/或5′-磷酸二酯桥接部分被硫代磷酸酯桥接部分完全或部分地取代;
c)磷酸糖酯骨架被“PNA”或PNA-DNA杂合物完全或部分地取代;
d)β-D-2′-脱氧核糖被2′-O-甲基-、2′-O-烯丙基-或2′-O-丁基核糖完全或部分地取代;
e)天然核苷碱基被5-己炔基胞嘧啶、5-己炔基尿嘧啶、5-己炔基胞嘧啶、7-脱氮杂-7-丙炔基鸟嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-丙炔基腺嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-甲基鸟嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-甲基腺嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-溴鸟嘌呤、7-脱氮杂-7-溴腺嘌呤完全或部分地取代。
5.制备如权利要求1-4限定的式I化合物的方法,其包括
a1)使式III的化合物:其中
D、G、L和X具有如权种要求1-4中限定的意义,并且
Si是适当的保护基团,如二甲氧基三苯甲基、一甲氧基三苯甲基、三苯甲基、pixyl、叔丁氧基羰基或芴基甲氧羰基,
—与式IV的化合物:其中
R5和R6具有如权利要求1-4中限定的意义
其中
Y是如权利要求1-4中限定的基团,
X′和X″各自是如X所限定的基团,
其中
D、G、L、R5、R6、S1、S2、S3、X、X′、X″和Y定义同上;
A具有如权利要求1-4中限定的意义,
BPR具有如B的同样意义,但其可能以被保护的形式存在,并且
L2是本领域技术人员已知的离去基团,或者,如果A具有式IIb的意义,则其也可以是OH;
—在适当的有机溶剂中,于-20℃到100℃的温度下,必要时加入碱、复合碱或未带电荷的、全烷基化的聚氨基膦嗪碱,或不加碱而加入常规用于偶联肽键的偶联剂进行反应,以得到式IX的化合物:
其中
A、BPR、D、G、L、R5、R6、S1、S2、S3、X、X′、X″和Y定义同上;
其中
A、BPR、D、G、L、R5、R6、S1、S2、X、X′、X″和Y定义同上;
其中
A、BPR、D、G、L、R5、R6、S2、S3、X、X′、X″和Y定义同上;
其中
R15是(C6-C12)-芳基,其可以被(C1-C6)-烷基、(C1-C6)-烷氧基、硝基、氯或溴取代1到4次,并且其中1以3个碳原子可被杂原子取代,并且
R16是脱离基团
—可以加入或不加入催化剂,其中偶联剂的制备可就地进行,或者可分别完成并且可以在适当的溶剂中加入被活化化合物的溶液,
以得到式XIII的化合物:
其中
A、BPR、D、G、L、R5、R6、S1、S2、S3、X、X′、X″和Y定义同上;
其中
A、BPR、D、G、L、R5、R6、S1、S2、S3、X、X′、X″和Y定义同上,并且n如权利要求1-4中所限定;
h1)按照已知方法除去保护基团S1、S2和S3以及BPR上的保护基团;
并且可以按照本领域技术人员已知的方法引入或不引入基团Q和Q’,并可以环化所得到的化合物,从而得到式I的化合物。
其中
A、BPR、D、G、L、R5、R6、S1、S2、S3、X、X′X″和Y如权利要求1-4中限定,o和p各自是0到50,并且o+p+l=n;
a2)在式XV的化合物中按权利要求5中e1)所述的方法除去保护基团S1
b2)在XVI的化合物中按权利要求5中d1)所述方法除去保护基S3,以及
其中
A、BPR、D、G、L、R5、R6、S1、S2、S3、X、X′、X″、Y和n定义同上,
d2)并按权利要求5中h1)所述的方法使这些化合物反应,得到式I的化合物。
7.制备如权利要求1至4中限定的式I化合物的方法,其包括
a3)将式X的化合物:
其中
A、BPR、D、G、L、R5、R6、S1、S2、X、X’、X”和Y如权利要求1-4中所定义,
按已知方法通过SPACER偶联到固相载体上,得到式XVII的化合物:其中
A、BPR、D、G、L、R5、R6、S1、S2、X、X′、X″和Y定义同上,SS是适用于固相合成的固相载体,并且
SPACER是在已发生合成后可从载体上除去的基团,例如是本领域技术人员已知的基团,或者SPACER是双功能团偶联分子Q,其通过已知的可除去基团被连接到固相载体上;
b3)按权利要求5中e1)所述方法,从式XVII的化合物除去保护基团S1:
其中
A、BPR、D、G、L、R5、R6、S1、S2、SS、SPACER、X、X′、X″和Y定义同上;
A、BPR、D、G、L、R5、R6、S1、S2、X′、X″和Y定义同上;
d3)重复步骤b3)和c3)直到所需的链长度;
e3)根据需要用已知方法偶联到偶联物Q′上;
f3)用已知方法从固相载体上除去以这样产生的化合物,其中也可以在从载体上裂解之前除去保护基团,并可以用已知方法偶联至偶联物Q,其中可以改变Q和Q′的偶联(e3、f3)次序,并可以环化或不环化所得到的化合物。
8.如权利要求1中限定的式1化合物用作基因表达抑制剂。
9.使用如权利要求1到4中限定的式I的化合物作为诊断剂、用于治疗由病毒引起的、受整联蛋白或细胞-细胞粘附受体影响的、或由因子如γ-TNF诱导的疾病,以及用于治疗肿瘤或再狭窄症。
10.具有下列式之一的化合物:5′-OLIGO-PMENA;5′-PMENA-OLIGO;5′-OLIGO-PMENA-OLIGO;5′-OLIGO-(PMENA-OLIGO)a;5′-PMENA-OLIGO-PMENA;5′-PMENA-(OLIGO-PMENA)a
其中a为1-20,OLIGO代表任选被修饰的寡核苷酸,并且PMENA代表权利要求1-4的式I化合物,其中Q和Q′是氢。
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DE19508923A DE19508923A1 (de) | 1995-03-13 | 1995-03-13 | Phosphonomonoesternukleinsäuren, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung |
DE19508923.5 | 1995-03-13 | ||
DE19543865.5 | 1995-11-24 | ||
DE1995143865 DE19543865A1 (de) | 1995-11-24 | 1995-11-24 | Phosphonomonoesternukleinsäuren, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung |
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- 1996-03-13 KR KR1019960006588A patent/KR100434213B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-03-13 HU HU9600647A patent/HUP9600647A3/hu unknown
- 1996-03-13 JP JP08480896A patent/JP3917680B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-03-13 CN CN96100508A patent/CN1060781C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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1998
- 1998-11-20 US US09/196,132 patent/US6127346A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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