CN113854039A - Industrial production method of pleurotus eryngii - Google Patents
Industrial production method of pleurotus eryngii Download PDFInfo
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of pleurotus eryngii production methods, in particular to a pleurotus eryngii industrial production method, and provides the following scheme aiming at the problems that sterilization is not thorough, the management of fruiting period is improper and the production temperature is not controlled within a reasonable temperature range in time in the current pleurotus eryngii industrial production, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s1: ingredient selection and production environment selection, S2: raw material treatment, S3: production, S4: spawn running treatment, S5: real-time monitoring, S6: fruiting management, S7: the production is completed, and the invention aims to ensure the shape and quality of the produced pleurotus eryngii by adopting strict fruiting management during the pleurotus eryngii production, monitor the production temperature in real time, and simultaneously give sufficient carbon dioxide and proper air humidity to promote the growth of mushroom stems and greatly reduce the distortion rate of the produced pleurotus eryngii.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pleurotus eryngii production methods, in particular to a pleurotus eryngii industrial production method.
Background
China is a large country for producing edible fungi, and more than 60 kinds of edible fungi can be artificially cultivated at present. The consumption of Chinese edible fungi is mainly concentrated in the markets of household consumption, restaurants and the like. The stable increase of household consumption becomes an important power for pulling the continuous development of the edible fungus industry, the edible fungus demand is further improved along with the continuous improvement of the income and consumption level of urban and rural residents in China, the development space is wide, and the industrialized production is a leading direction of the development of the edible fungus industry because the advantages are obvious in multiple production modes. In the last 90 s, the industrial technology of edible fungi was introduced into China, and was first developed through rooting in Fujian, Guangzhou, Shanghai, etc. Since 2014, the industrial production of edible fungi in China is improved year by year, in 2019, the industrial production of edible fungi in China reaches 343.68 ten thousand tons, and is increased by 15.77 ten thousand tons in the same period in the last year. However, the whole edible fungus production factory rate is still in a lower level in China, and since 2014, the edible fungus production factory rate in China still keeps below 10% although showing a shaking ascending trend, so that the edible fungus factory production in China still has a larger development space, and the pleurotus eryngii as one of the edible fungi is also advancing to the way of factory production.
However, the existing industrial production of pleurotus eryngii still has the defects of incomplete sterilization, improper management of fruiting period and untimely control of production temperature in a reasonable temperature range, so that a factory production method of pleurotus eryngii is provided for solving the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the sterilization is not thorough, the fruiting period is not properly managed, the production temperature is not controlled within a reasonable temperature range in time and the like in the current industrial production of pleurotus eryngii, and provides a factory production method of the pleurotus eryngii.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an industrial production method of pleurotus eryngii comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting ingredients and production environment: selecting raw materials and production environment required by pleurotus eryngii production;
s2: raw material treatment: preparing raw materials required by production, and processing the selected raw materials;
s3: production is carried out: bagging, sterilizing and inoculating pleurotus eryngii;
s4: spawn running treatment: putting the bagged strains into a spawn running chamber for spawn running treatment;
s5: and (3) real-time monitoring: the production temperature is monitored in real time by manpower, and the temperature condition is processed;
s6: and (3) fruiting management: performing fruiting management on the produced pleurotus eryngii, and manually checking fungus bags;
s7: and (3) finishing production: processing and screening the produced pleurotus eryngii;
preferably, in S1, corncob, wood chip, bran, cottonseed hull, gypsum and lime are used as raw materials for production, wherein the corncob, wood chip, bran, cottonseed hull, gypsum and lime are used in a mass ratio of 48: 20: 20: 10: 1: 1;
preferably, in the step S2, various materials are accurately weighed according to the raw material proportion, the corncobs are prewetted 12 hours in advance, the various raw materials are turned into a stirring bin by a hydraulic tipping machine during production, water is added after stirring for 20 minutes to adjust the water content, and the water content adjusting range is 62-65%;
preferably, in S3, a punching bagging machine is used to perform bagging, and the bagged fungus bags are sterilized, wherein a pulse-type autoclaving method is used during sterilization, a sterilization vehicle is pushed into a sterilization pot to perform sterilization, then pressure maintaining is performed for 2 hours, after sterilization, strains are placed in a strain treatment chamber to perform cleaning and sterilization, wherein the strain treatment chamber is required to perform sterilization and air purification 0.5 hour in advance, workers are required to perform sterilization before entering the strain treatment chamber, and an ozone generator of the strain inoculation chamber is turned on during fermentation of the strains;
preferably, in S4, the spawn running room is cultured in a layered rack mode, 1 million bags of the spawn running bags are placed in each culture room, the culture temperature is maintained at 20-26 ℃, the air humidity is maintained below 70%, ventilation is performed twice a day, the ventilation time is 0.5h each time, and light-shielding culture is performed during culture, wherein the culture period is 25-30 days each time;
preferably, in S5, the temperature in the cultivation room is monitored manually in real time during cultivation, ventilation time is required to be increased when the temperature exceeds the cultivation temperature range until the temperature returns to the normal range, meanwhile, the growth condition of the pleurotus eryngii is observed manually, and fruiting is performed after cultivation is performed for 8-10 days when hypha grows over the fungus bags manually;
preferably, in the step S6, during fruiting, ambient air is purified before being put on a shelf, the fungus bags are cleaned by using a disinfectant, ventilation and air humidity reduction are carried out after cleaning, and fungus killing treatment is carried out within one day of fruiting, wherein the fungus killing treatment is carried out by removing the inoculation blocks by using tweezers after cover picking, keeping the indoor temperature at 14-16 ℃ after fungus killing, keeping the air humidity at 70-75%, pulling up the bag opening after the fungus is completely twisted, removing redundant old fungus skin, controlling the concentration of carbon dioxide at 1000-, the carbon dioxide concentration is kept at 2000-3000, the humidity is kept at 80-90%, meanwhile, the mushroom type standard is left after manual screening, wherein the mushroom type standard is that the thicknesses of a mushroom cap and a mushroom stem are consistent, the mushroom buds exceed 1 cm, the indoor temperature is kept at 14-16 ℃ after the buds are removed, the humidity is kept at 90%, and the carbon dioxide concentration is controlled at 2900-3000;
preferably, in S7, professional workers collect pleurotus eryngii, clean and dry the pleurotus eryngii after collection, and screen the produced pleurotus eryngii to remove damaged pleurotus eryngii.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. strict fruiting management is adopted during pleurotus eryngii production, and the mushroom type and quality of the produced pleurotus eryngii are guaranteed.
2. The production temperature is monitored in real time, sufficient carbon dioxide and proper air humidity are supplied at the same time, the growth of the mushroom stems is promoted, and the distortion rate of the produced pleurotus eryngii is greatly reduced.
The invention aims to ensure the shape and quality of produced pleurotus eryngii by adopting strict fruiting management during pleurotus eryngii production, monitor the production temperature in real time, and simultaneously give sufficient carbon dioxide and proper air humidity to promote the growth of mushroom stems and greatly reduce the deformity rate of the produced pleurotus eryngii.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for industrially producing Pleurotus eryngii according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, a pleurotus eryngii factory production method comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting ingredients and production environment: corncob, sawdust, bran, cottonseed hulls, gypsum and lime are used as production raw materials, wherein the corncob, the sawdust, the bran, the cottonseed hulls, the gypsum and the lime are used in a mass ratio of 48: 20: 20: 10: 1: 1;
s2: raw material treatment: accurately weighing various materials according to the raw material proportion, pre-wetting the corncobs 12h in advance, turning the various raw materials into a stirring bin by using a hydraulic tipping machine during production, stirring for 20min, and adding water to adjust the water content, wherein the water content adjustment range is 62-65%;
s3: production is carried out: carrying out bagging treatment by using a punching type bagging machine, and sterilizing the bagged fungus bags, wherein a pulse type high-pressure sterilization method is adopted during sterilization, a sterilization vehicle is pushed into a sterilization pot for sterilization, then pressure maintaining is carried out for 2 hours, after sterilization, strains are put into a strain treatment chamber for cleaning and sterilization, wherein the strain treatment chamber needs to be sterilized and air purified 0.5 hour in advance, workers need to be sterilized before entering the strain treatment chamber, and an ozone generator of a strain inoculation chamber is opened during strain fermentation;
s4: spawn running treatment: culturing in a spawn running room by adopting a layered rack type, placing 1 million bags of spawn running bags in each culturing room, keeping the culturing temperature at 20 ℃, keeping the air humidity at 70%, ventilating twice a day, wherein the ventilation time is 0.5h each time, and culturing in a dark place, wherein the culturing period is 25 days;
s5: and (3) real-time monitoring: during cultivation, the temperature in the cultivation room is monitored manually in real time, ventilation time is required to be increased when the temperature exceeds the cultivation temperature range until the temperature returns to the normal range, meanwhile, the growth condition of the pleurotus eryngii is observed manually, and fruiting is carried out after cultivation is carried out for 8 days when hypha grows over the fungus bags manually;
s6: and (3) fruiting management: when fruiting is carried out, the ambient air is purified before being put on a shelf, the fungus bags are cleaned by using a disinfectant, ventilation and air humidity reduction are carried out after cleaning, fungus killing treatment is carried out within one day of fruiting, wherein the fungus killing treatment is that after covers are picked, an inoculation block is removed by using tweezers, the indoor temperature is kept at 15 ℃ after fungus killing, the air humidity is kept at 73%, after hyphae are completely twisted, bag openings are pulled up and redundant old fungus skins are removed, the carbon dioxide concentration is controlled at 1100, the bag openings are cut when the fruiting bodies grow to the size of corn by using lamplight for 8h every day, after the bag openings are cut, whether the fungus bags exist is manually checked, the fungus bags are found to be picked out, wherein the fruiting bodies grow to 4 cm and are subjected to bud relaxing, the indoor temperature is kept at 16 ℃, the carbon dioxide concentration is kept at 2500, the humidity is kept at 85%, and meanwhile, mushroom humidity is manually screened to leave a standard type, wherein the standard of the mushroom type is that the thickness of the mushroom cap is consistent with that of the mushroom stem, the bud of the mushroom is more than 1 cm, the indoor temperature is kept at 15 ℃, the humidity is kept at 90 percent and the concentration of carbon dioxide is controlled at 3000 after the bud is removed;
s7: and (3) finishing production: the method comprises the steps of collecting pleurotus eryngii by professional workers, cleaning and drying the collected pleurotus eryngii, screening the produced pleurotus eryngii, and removing damaged pleurotus eryngii.
Example two
Referring to fig. 1, a pleurotus eryngii factory production method comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting ingredients and production environment: corncob, sawdust, bran, cottonseed hulls, gypsum and lime are used as production raw materials, wherein the corncob, the sawdust, the bran, the cottonseed hulls, the gypsum and the lime are used in a mass ratio of 48: 20: 20: 10: 1: 1;
s2: raw material treatment: accurately weighing various materials according to the raw material proportion, pre-wetting the corncobs 12h in advance, turning the various raw materials into a stirring bin by using a hydraulic tipping machine during production, stirring for 20min, and adding water to adjust the water content, wherein the water content adjustment range is 62-65%;
s3: production is carried out: carrying out bagging treatment by using a punching type bagging machine, and sterilizing the bagged fungus bags, wherein a pulse type high-pressure sterilization method is adopted during sterilization, a sterilization vehicle is pushed into a sterilization pot for sterilization, then pressure maintaining is carried out for 2 hours, after sterilization, strains are put into a strain treatment chamber for cleaning and sterilization, wherein the strain treatment chamber needs to be sterilized and air purified 0.5 hour in advance, workers need to be sterilized before entering the strain treatment chamber, and an ozone generator of a strain inoculation chamber is opened during strain fermentation;
s4: spawn running treatment: culturing in a spawn running room in a layered rack mode, placing 1 million bags of spawn running bags in each culturing room, keeping the culturing temperature at 26 ℃, keeping the air humidity below 70%, ventilating twice every day, wherein the ventilating time is 0.5h, and culturing in a dark place during culturing, wherein the culturing period is 30 days;
s5: and (3) real-time monitoring: during cultivation, the temperature in the cultivation room is monitored manually in real time, ventilation time is required to be increased when the temperature exceeds the cultivation temperature range until the temperature returns to the normal range, meanwhile, the growth condition of the pleurotus eryngii is observed manually, and fruiting is carried out after cultivation is carried out for 10 days when hypha grows over the fungus bags manually;
s6: and (3) fruiting management: when fruiting is carried out, the ambient air is purified before being put on a shelf, the fungus bags are cleaned by using a disinfectant, ventilation and air humidity reduction are carried out after cleaning, fungus killing treatment is carried out within one day of fruiting, wherein the fungus killing treatment is that after covers are picked, an inoculation block is removed by using tweezers, the indoor temperature is kept at 16 ℃ after fungus killing, the air humidity is kept at 75%, after hyphae are completely twisted, bag openings are pulled up and redundant old fungus skins are removed, the carbon dioxide concentration is controlled at 1200, the bag openings are cut when the fruiting bodies grow to the size of corn by using lamplight for 9h every day, after the bag openings are cut, whether the fungus bags are existed is manually checked, the fungus bags are found to be picked out, wherein the fruiting bodies grow to 5 cm and are subjected to bud relaxing, the indoor temperature is kept at 14 ℃, the carbon dioxide concentration is kept at 2000, the humidity is kept at 80%, and meanwhile, mushroom type standard is left after manual screening, wherein the standard of the mushroom type is that the thickness of the mushroom cap is consistent with that of the mushroom stem, the bud of the mushroom is more than 1 cm, the indoor temperature is kept at 16 ℃ after the bud is removed, the humidity is kept at 90%, and the concentration of carbon dioxide is controlled at 2900;
s7: and (3) finishing production: the method comprises the steps of collecting pleurotus eryngii by professional workers, cleaning and drying the collected pleurotus eryngii, screening the produced pleurotus eryngii, and removing damaged pleurotus eryngii.
EXAMPLE III
Referring to fig. 1, a pleurotus eryngii factory production method comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting ingredients and production environment: corncob, sawdust, bran, cottonseed hulls, gypsum and lime are used as production raw materials, wherein the corncob, the sawdust, the bran, the cottonseed hulls, the gypsum and the lime are used in a mass ratio of 48: 20: 20: 10: 1: 1;
s2: raw material treatment: accurately weighing various materials according to the raw material proportion, pre-wetting the corncobs 12h in advance, turning the various raw materials into a stirring bin by using a hydraulic tipping machine during production, stirring for 20min, and adding water to adjust the water content, wherein the water content adjustment range is 62-65%;
s3: production is carried out: carrying out bagging treatment by using a punching type bagging machine, and sterilizing the bagged fungus bags, wherein a pulse type high-pressure sterilization method is adopted during sterilization, a sterilization vehicle is pushed into a sterilization pot for sterilization, then pressure maintaining is carried out for 2 hours, after sterilization, strains are put into a strain treatment chamber for cleaning and sterilization, wherein the strain treatment chamber needs to be sterilized and air purified 0.5 hour in advance, workers need to be sterilized before entering the strain treatment chamber, and an ozone generator of a strain inoculation chamber is opened during strain fermentation;
s4: spawn running treatment: culturing in a spawn running room by adopting a layered rack type, placing 1 million bags of spawn running bags in each culturing room, keeping the culturing temperature at 23 ℃, keeping the air humidity below 70%, ventilating twice every day, wherein the ventilation time is 0.5h, and culturing in a dark place, wherein the culturing period is 28 days;
s5: and (3) real-time monitoring: during cultivation, the temperature in the cultivation room is monitored manually in real time, ventilation time is required to be increased when the temperature exceeds the cultivation temperature range until the temperature returns to the normal range, meanwhile, the growth condition of the pleurotus eryngii is observed manually, and fruiting is carried out after cultivation is carried out for 8 days when hypha grows over the fungus bags manually;
s6: and (3) fruiting management: when fruiting is carried out, the ambient air is purified before being put on a shelf, the fungus bags are cleaned by using a disinfectant, ventilation and air humidity reduction are carried out after cleaning, fungus killing treatment is carried out within one day of fruiting, wherein the fungus killing treatment is that after covers are picked, an inoculation block is removed by using tweezers, the indoor temperature is kept at 14 ℃ after fungus killing, the air humidity is kept at 72%, after hyphae are completely twisted, bag openings are pulled up and redundant old fungus skins are removed, the carbon dioxide concentration is controlled at 1000, the bag openings are cut when the fruiting bodies grow to the size of corn by using lamplight for 8h every day, after the bag openings are cut, whether the fungus bags exist is manually checked, the fungus bags are found to be picked out, wherein bud loosening is carried out when the fruiting bodies grow to 3.5 cm, the indoor temperature is kept at 14 ℃, the carbon dioxide concentration is kept at 2400, the humidity is kept at 83%, and meanwhile, the mushroom type standard is left after manual screening, wherein the standard of the mushroom type is that the thickness of the mushroom cap is consistent with that of the mushroom stem, the bud of the mushroom is more than 1 cm, the indoor temperature is kept at 16 ℃ after the bud is removed, the humidity is kept at 90 percent, and the concentration of carbon dioxide is controlled at 3000;
s7: and (3) finishing production: the method comprises the steps of collecting pleurotus eryngii by professional workers, cleaning and drying the collected pleurotus eryngii, screening the produced pleurotus eryngii, and removing damaged pleurotus eryngii.
Example four
Referring to fig. 1, a pleurotus eryngii factory production method comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting ingredients and production environment: corncob, sawdust, bran, cottonseed hulls, gypsum and lime are used as production raw materials, wherein the corncob, the sawdust, the bran, the cottonseed hulls, the gypsum and the lime are used in a mass ratio of 48: 20: 20: 10: 1: 1;
s2: raw material treatment: accurately weighing various materials according to the raw material proportion, pre-wetting the corncobs 12h in advance, turning the various raw materials into a stirring bin by using a hydraulic tipping machine during production, stirring for 20min, and adding water to adjust the water content, wherein the water content adjustment range is 62-65%;
s3: production is carried out: carrying out bagging treatment by using a punching type bagging machine, and sterilizing the bagged fungus bags, wherein a pulse type high-pressure sterilization method is adopted during sterilization, a sterilization vehicle is pushed into a sterilization pot for sterilization, then pressure maintaining is carried out for 2 hours, after sterilization, strains are put into a strain treatment chamber for cleaning and sterilization, wherein the strain treatment chamber needs to be sterilized and air purified 0.5 hour in advance, workers need to be sterilized before entering the strain treatment chamber, and an ozone generator of a strain inoculation chamber is opened during strain fermentation;
s4: spawn running treatment: culturing in a spawn running room in a layered rack mode, placing 1 million bags of spawn running bags in each culturing room, keeping the culturing temperature at 25 ℃, keeping the air humidity below 70%, ventilating twice every day, wherein the ventilating time is 0.5h, and culturing in a dark place, wherein the culturing period is 27 days;
s5: and (3) real-time monitoring: during cultivation, the temperature in the cultivation room is monitored manually in real time, ventilation time is required to be increased when the temperature exceeds the cultivation temperature range until the temperature returns to the normal range, meanwhile, the growth condition of the pleurotus eryngii is observed manually, and fruiting is carried out after cultivation is carried out for 9 days when hypha grows over the fungus bags manually;
s6: and (3) fruiting management: when fruiting is carried out, the ambient air is purified before being put on a shelf, the fungus bags are cleaned by using a disinfectant, ventilation and air humidity reduction are carried out after cleaning, fungus killing treatment is carried out within one day of fruiting, wherein the fungus killing treatment is that after covers are picked, an inoculation block is removed by using tweezers, the indoor temperature is kept at 15 ℃ after fungus killing, the air humidity is kept at 74%, after hyphae are completely twisted, bag openings are pulled up and redundant old fungus skins are removed, the carbon dioxide concentration is controlled at 1100, the bag openings are cut when the fruiting bodies grow to the size of corn by using lamplight for 9h every day, after the bag openings are cut, whether the fungus bags exist is manually checked, the fungus bags are found to be picked out, wherein bud loosening is carried out when the fruiting bodies grow to 4.5 cm, the indoor temperature is kept at 15 ℃, the carbon dioxide concentration is kept at 2800, the humidity is kept at 88%, and meanwhile, mushroom type standards are left after manual screening, wherein the standard of the mushroom type is that the thickness of the mushroom cap is consistent with that of the mushroom stem, the bud of the mushroom is more than 1 cm, the indoor temperature is kept at 16 ℃ after the bud is removed, the humidity is kept at 90%, and the concentration of carbon dioxide is controlled at 2900;
s7: and (3) finishing production: the method comprises the steps of collecting pleurotus eryngii by professional workers, cleaning and drying the collected pleurotus eryngii, screening the produced pleurotus eryngii, and removing damaged pleurotus eryngii.
EXAMPLE five
Referring to fig. 1, a pleurotus eryngii factory production method comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting ingredients and production environment: corncob, sawdust, bran, cottonseed hulls, gypsum and lime are used as production raw materials, wherein the corncob, the sawdust, the bran, the cottonseed hulls, the gypsum and the lime are used in a mass ratio of 48: 20: 20: 10: 1: 1;
s2: raw material treatment: accurately weighing various materials according to the raw material proportion, pre-wetting the corncobs 12h in advance, turning the various raw materials into a stirring bin by using a hydraulic tipping machine during production, stirring for 20min, and adding water to adjust the water content, wherein the water content adjustment range is 62-65%;
s3: production is carried out: carrying out bagging treatment by using a punching type bagging machine, and sterilizing the bagged fungus bags, wherein a pulse type high-pressure sterilization method is adopted during sterilization, a sterilization vehicle is pushed into a sterilization pot for sterilization, then pressure maintaining is carried out for 2 hours, after sterilization, strains are put into a strain treatment chamber for cleaning and sterilization, wherein the strain treatment chamber needs to be sterilized and air purified 0.5 hour in advance, workers need to be sterilized before entering the strain treatment chamber, and an ozone generator of a strain inoculation chamber is opened during strain fermentation;
s4: spawn running treatment: culturing in a spawn running room in a layered rack mode, placing 1 million bags of spawn running bags in each culturing room, keeping the culturing temperature at 22 ℃, keeping the air humidity below 70%, ventilating twice a day, wherein the ventilation time is 0.5h each time, and culturing in a dark place, wherein the culturing period is 29 days;
s5: and (3) real-time monitoring: during cultivation, the temperature in the cultivation room is monitored manually in real time, ventilation time is required to be increased when the temperature exceeds the cultivation temperature range until the temperature returns to the normal range, meanwhile, the growth condition of the pleurotus eryngii is observed manually, and fruiting is carried out after cultivation is carried out for 9 days when hypha grows over the fungus bags manually;
s6: and (3) fruiting management: when fruiting is carried out, the ambient air is purified before being put on a shelf, the fungus bags are cleaned by using a disinfectant, ventilation and air humidity reduction are carried out after cleaning, fungus killing treatment is carried out within one day of fruiting, wherein the fungus killing treatment is that after covers are picked, an inoculation block is removed by using tweezers, the indoor temperature is kept at 16 ℃ after fungus killing, the air humidity is kept at 74%, after hyphae are completely twisted, bag openings are pulled up and redundant old fungus skins are removed, the carbon dioxide concentration is controlled at 1200, the bag openings are cut when the fruiting bodies grow to the size of corn after being illuminated by light every day for 9 hours, whether the fungus bags exist is manually checked after the bag openings are cut, the fungus bags are found to be picked out, wherein bud releasing is carried out when the fruiting bodies grow to 3.5 cm, the indoor temperature is kept at 14 ℃, the carbon dioxide concentration is kept at 86%, meanwhile, the mushroom type standard is left after manual screening, wherein the standard of the mushroom type is that the thickness of the mushroom cap is consistent with that of the mushroom stem, the bud of the mushroom is more than 1 cm, the indoor temperature is kept at 15 ℃, the humidity is kept at 90 percent and the concentration of carbon dioxide is controlled at 2900 after the bud is removed;
s7: and (3) finishing production: the method comprises the steps of collecting pleurotus eryngii by professional workers, cleaning and drying the collected pleurotus eryngii, screening the produced pleurotus eryngii, and removing damaged pleurotus eryngii.
Comparative example 1
The difference from the embodiment is that, S3: production is carried out: and (3) bagging by using a punching bagging machine, and sterilizing the bagged fungus bags, wherein a pulse type high-pressure sterilization method is adopted during sterilization, a sterilization vehicle is pushed into a sterilization pot for sterilization, and then pressure maintaining is carried out for 2 hours, and the rest is the same as the implementation benefit.
Comparative example No. two
The difference from the embodiment is that, S4: spawn running treatment: the cultivation is carried out in a layered rack type in a spawn running room, 1 ten thousand of strain bags are placed in each cultivation room, the cultivation temperature is kept at 20 ℃, meanwhile, the air humidity is kept at 70 percent, and the rest is the same as the first embodiment.
Comparative example No. three
The difference from the embodiment is that, S6: and (3) fruiting management: when fruiting, the ambient air is purified before putting on the shelf, the fungus bags are cleaned by disinfectant, ventilation and air humidity reduction are carried out after cleaning, fungus-disturbing treatment is carried out within one day of fruiting, wherein the bacteria killing treatment comprises removing the inoculated block with tweezers after picking the cover, maintaining indoor temperature at 15 deg.C and air humidity at 73%, pulling up the bag opening after mycelium is completely twisted, removing excessive old fungus skin, controlling carbon dioxide concentration at 1100, irradiating with light for 8h every day until the fruiting body grows to the size of corn, cutting the bag opening, manually checking whether there is a germ bag, picking out the germ bag, wherein the bud relaxing is carried out when the entity grows to 4 cm, the indoor temperature is kept at 16 ℃, the carbon dioxide concentration is kept at 2500, the humidity is kept at 85 percent, and the rest is the same as the first embodiment.
Examples of the experiments
The industrial production method of pleurotus eryngii in the first embodiment, the second embodiment, the third embodiment, the fourth embodiment and the fifth embodiment is tested, and the following results are obtained:
the distortion rate of the pleurotus eryngii manufactured by the first embodiment, the second embodiment, the third embodiment, the fourth embodiment and the fifth embodiment is obviously reduced compared with the conventional method, and the first embodiment is the best embodiment.
Detection reporting
The invention aims to solve the problems that the sterilization is not thorough, the management of the fruiting period is improper, the production temperature is not controlled within a reasonable temperature range in time and the like in the current industrial production of pleurotus eryngii, and provides an industrial production method of pleurotus eryngii.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An industrial production method of pleurotus eryngii is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: selecting ingredients and production environment: selecting raw materials and production environment required by pleurotus eryngii production;
s2: raw material treatment: preparing raw materials required by production, and processing the selected raw materials;
s3: production is carried out: bagging, sterilizing and inoculating pleurotus eryngii;
s4: spawn running treatment: putting the bagged strains into a spawn running chamber for spawn running treatment;
s5: and (3) real-time monitoring: the production temperature is monitored in real time by manpower, and the temperature condition is processed;
s6: and (3) fruiting management: performing fruiting management on the produced pleurotus eryngii, and manually checking fungus bags;
s7: and (3) finishing production: and (3) processing and screening the produced pleurotus eryngii.
2. The industrial production method of Pleurotus eryngii according to claim 1, wherein in S1, corncob, wood chip, bran, cottonseed hull, gypsum and lime are used as raw materials, wherein the mass ratio of corncob, wood chip, bran, cottonseed hull, gypsum and lime is 48: 20: 20: 10: 1: 1.
3. the method for industrially producing pleurotus eryngii according to claim 1, wherein in S2, the raw materials are accurately weighed according to the raw material proportion, the corncobs are prewetted 12 hours earlier, the raw materials are turned into a stirring bin by a hydraulic tipping machine during production, water is added after stirring for 20 minutes to adjust the water content, and the water content is adjusted to be 62-65%.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, a punching bagging machine is used to bag the pleurotus eryngii, and the bagged fungi bags are sterilized, wherein a pulse type autoclaving method is used during sterilization, and pressure is maintained for 2 hours after the sterilization vehicle is pushed into the sterilizer for sterilization.
5. The method for industrially producing Pleurotus eryngii according to claim 4, wherein the sterilization is performed and then the strain is put into a strain treatment chamber for cleaning and sterilization, wherein the strain treatment chamber is advanced by 0.5h for sterilization and air purification, workers need to be sterilized before entering the strain treatment chamber, and an ozone generator of the inoculation chamber is turned on when the strain fermentation is performed.
6. The method for industrially producing Pleurotus eryngii according to claim 1, wherein in S4, the cultivation is carried out in a rack type in a spawn running room, 1 ten thousand bags of spawn bags are placed in each cultivation room, the cultivation temperature is kept at 20-26 ℃, the air humidity is kept below 70%, ventilation is carried out twice a day, the ventilation time is 0.5h each time, and cultivation is carried out in a dark place, wherein the cultivation period is 25-30 days each time.
7. The method for industrially producing Pleurotus eryngii according to claim 1, wherein in S5, the temperature inside the cultivation room is monitored manually in real time during cultivation, the ventilation time is increased when the temperature exceeds the cultivation temperature range until the temperature returns to the normal range, the growth of Pleurotus eryngii is observed manually, and fruiting is carried out after cultivation is carried out for 8-10 days when the hypha grows over the fungus bags.
8. The industrial production method of Pleurotus eryngii according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in S6, when fruiting, the ambient air is purified before being put on shelf, cleaning the fungus bags with disinfectant, ventilating and reducing air humidity, and performing fungus-destroying treatment within one day of fruiting, wherein the bacteria-killing treatment comprises removing the inoculation block with tweezers after picking the cover, maintaining the indoor temperature at 14-16 deg.C and the air humidity at 70-75%, pulling up the bag opening after the mycelium is completely twisted, removing the excess old fungus skin, controlling the carbon dioxide concentration at 1000-, and irradiating for 8-9h with light every day until the fruiting body grows to the size of corn, cutting the bag opening, manually checking whether a germ bag exists after cutting the bag opening, and picking out the germ bag when the germ bag is found.
9. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the method comprises the steps of performing bud relaxing when the length of the solid is 3.5-5 cm, maintaining the indoor temperature at 14-16 ℃, maintaining the carbon dioxide concentration at 2000-.
10. The industrial production method of Pleurotus eryngii according to claim 1, wherein in S7, professional workers collect the Pleurotus eryngii, wash and dry the collected Pleurotus eryngii, and screen the produced Pleurotus eryngii to remove the damaged Pleurotus eryngii.
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