CN113853644A - 具有减少的像素失真的光学接近性感测 - Google Patents

具有减少的像素失真的光学接近性感测 Download PDF

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CN113853644A
CN113853644A CN202080035784.5A CN202080035784A CN113853644A CN 113853644 A CN113853644 A CN 113853644A CN 202080035784 A CN202080035784 A CN 202080035784A CN 113853644 A CN113853644 A CN 113853644A
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proximity sensor
optical proximity
display
synchronization signal
vertical synchronization
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B·格雷梅尔-兰戈弗
C·哈尔珀
H·泰勒
H·伦纳德
J·克里伯内格
M·赫尔比格
P·布利姆
W·赫尔南德斯
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Ams International AG
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Abstract

一种操作具有显示器的计算机装置的光学接近性感测器的方法，其中该光学接近性感测器定位于该显示器下方或否则定位于该显示器邻近处。该方法包括：自显示驱动器获得垂直同步信号；以及使该光学接近性感测器的光发射器的周期性照明与该垂直同步信号同步。

Description

具有减少的像素失真的光学接近性感测
技术领域
本发明是关于具有显示器的装置中的光学接近性感测，其中接近性感测器定位于显示器后面或否则定位于显示器附近。
背景技术
许多智能电话使用光学接近性感测器来判定应何时打开或关闭显示器。此通常是为了(例如)在将智能电话放在使用者的口袋中时节省电池电量或为了在接听电话时防止出现不需要的屏上显示按钮选择。具有显示器的其他计算机装置(诸如平板计算机和膝上型计算机)的情况亦可如此，其中期望在关闭或否则盖上装置时关闭显示器。光学接近性感测通常依赖于发射近红外(NIR)光且测量反射回的任何光能。高于某一阈值的反射指示显示器可能被盖上。
为此，NIR光发射器先前定位于智能电话或其他装置的边框中。然而，近年来，归因于追求屏幕与机身之比，已自许多装置消除先前用于收容接近性感测器的边框。许多智能电话现今使用有机发光二极管(OLED)显示器。OLED显示器可容许包含NIR光的一些光穿过显示器。因此，接近性感测器可定位于OLED显示器后面。
然而，透过显示器发射的NIR光的能量会引起显示器上的可见失真；例如，亮点出现于接近性感测器的位置上方的显示器中。这些失真可在许多条件下可见，例如即使屏幕正显示黑色图像。
发明内容
根据本发明的第一方面，提供一种操作具有显示器的计算机装置的光学接近性感测器的方法，其中该光学接近性感测器定位于该显示器下方或否则定位于该显示器邻近处。该方法包括：自显示驱动器获得垂直同步信号；以及使该光学接近性感测器的光发射器的周期性照明与该垂直同步信号同步。
该显示器可为有机发光二极管显示器。
该光学接近性感测器可为红外光学接近性感测器，例如近红外光学接近性感测器。
该同步步骤可包括向该垂直同步信号引入延迟以及使用该延迟信号的脉冲来触发该周期性照明。该延迟可导致该发射器的照明紧接在该光学接近性感测器正上方的显示区域的消隐或变暗之前。替代地，该延迟可导致该发射器的照明与该光学接近性感测器正上方的显示区域的消隐或变暗部分一致。
该方法可包括在该垂直同步信号的各同步脉冲之后使该光发射器照明。替代地，可在该垂直同步信号的多个同步脉冲的各序列之后使该光发射器照明。
根据本发明的第二方面，提供一种计算机装置，其包括显示器以及定位于该显示器下方或否则定位于该显示器邻近处且包括光发射器的光学接近性感测器。该装置进一步包括用于产生垂直同步信号的显示驱动器并且被配置为使该光发射器的周期性照明与该垂直同步信号同步。该同步可由该光学接近性感测器的(例如)同步电路或由处理器执行。
该显示器可为有机发光二极管显示器。
该光学接近性感测器可为红外光学接近性感测器，例如近红外光学接近性感测器。
该装置可包括用于使该垂直同步信号延迟的延迟电路，其被集成至该光学接近性感测器中或实现为与该光学接近性感测器分离的组件，该延迟电路耦合至该光发射器以触发该光发射器的照明。该延迟电路可使该垂直同步信号延迟以引起该发射器的照明紧接在该光学接近性感测器正上方的显示区域的消隐或变暗之前。替代地，该延迟电路可使该垂直同步信号延迟以引起该发射器的照明与该光学接近性感测器正上方的显示区域的消隐或变暗部分一致。
该装置可为智能电话、平板计算机或膝上型计算机。
本发明的实施例提供一种用于减少或消除显示器中的像素失真的方式，同时继续允许使用定位于显示器后面的NIR光源用于光学接近性感测。
附图说明
图1示意性展示具有接近性感测器的智能电话；
图2是从高层级上绘示光学接近性感测方法的流程图；
图3示意性展示图1的智能电话的组件的操作交互；
图4绘示图1的智能电话的时序方案；
图5展示使用图4的时序方案产生的示例性轨迹；
图6展示若干显示循环内的替代示例性轨迹；
图7示意性展示智能电话的组件的替代操作交互；
图8是从高层级上绘示替代光学接近性感测方法的流程图；
图9展示使用图8的方法产生的示例性轨迹。
具体实施方式
上文已讨论藉由在显示器(诸如OLED显示器)下方使用NIR接近性感测器引起的问题。下文将讨论的解决方案源自以下认识：可藉由仅在相对于显示像素的操作状态的最佳时间点使接近性感测器照明来减少失真。
在显示器的操作期间，以图像刷新率周期性刷新显示器。此速率可为(例如)60Hz，即，显示器每秒更新60次。新帧的开始由装置的显示驱动器产生的垂直同步(VSYNC)脉冲信号指示。VSYNC信号使处理器的帧速率与显示器的刷新率同步，使得每秒帧数(FPS)受刷新率限制且没有帧被跳过。VSYNC脉冲指示在显示器上开始新帧(图像)。本发明使用VSYNC脉冲来使将来自接近性感测器的光发射与显示器刷新率同步。具体地，NIR光学发射经同步以开始于显示器的刷新循环中的时间点，其结果能使图像的失真减少或消除。取决于存在于装置中的特定OLED显示器，最佳发射时间可紧接在接近性感测器上方的显示像素处于非活动状态的时间之前或正好在其期间。本发明允许在显示器下方继续使用NIR接近性感测器，同时允许边框变薄或完全不存在，且无需更昂贵解决方案，诸如使用远红外(FIR)发射器或超音波解决方案。
图1示意性绘示示例性智能电话1，其以穿过垂直于显示器的平面的平面的截面展示。智能电话1包括OLED显示器2、OLED显示驱动器3以及智能电话的主体内、OLED显示器下方的NIR光学接近性感测器模块4。显示驱动器3通常由硬件和软件的组合实施，其中硬件可包括图形处理单元(GPU)以及相关联内存。接近性感测器模块4包括NIR发射器5以及邻近检测器6，它们具有显示器2的下侧的清晰视线。尽管未展示，但感测器模块可包括诸如透镜的光学组件。接近性感测器模块4还具有集成延迟电路7，且可通过寄存器配置以优化光发射的时序以减少显示像素失真。给定显示器的准确配置可(例如)在产品的原型制作阶段期间凭经验判定。
图2是从高层级上展示图1的智能电话中的具有减少的像素失真的光学接近性感测的过程的流程图。在智能电话的操作期间，由OLED显示驱动器3周期性产生VSYNC信号(S1.1)用于刷新显示器。在此，将VSYNC另外提供给光学接近性感测器模块4的集成延迟电路7(S1.2)。当延迟电路检测到VSYNC信号的时序(刷新)脉冲时，其启动延迟定时器(S1.3)，且在延迟定时器到期之后触发由发射器5在预定时段内发射NIR光(S1.4)。所发射的光将穿过OLED显示器2以与可在显示器正前方的任何对象交互。通过OLED显示器反射回的任何光由检测器6检测。
图3示意性绘示图1的智能电话1的相关功能组件。这些包含OLED显示驱动器3以及光学接近性感测器模块4，光学接近性感测器模块4包括集成延迟电路7。VSYNC信号经展示为自驱动器3传输至模块4的延迟电路7。
图4绘示示例性时序方案。上轨迹8绘示由OLED显示驱动器3产生的VSYNC信号，中间轨迹9绘示接近性感测器模块4上方的位置处的显示亮度，且下轨迹10绘示来自接近性感测器模块4的发射器5的光发射。在VSYNC脉冲的前沿之后的给定时间t1，接近性感测器模块4上方的显示亮度由于刷新或“消隐”对应像素线而暂时降低。为利用此状态，在自VSYNC脉冲的前沿的时间延迟t2之后，延迟电路7产生发射器驱动脉冲来驱动接近性感测器模块的发射器5。此驱动脉冲具有持续时间t3。优化时段t2和t3以最小化显示器2中由NIR光脉冲产生的视觉失真。例如，时序可导致在覆盖显示像素消隐之前的非常短时间内产生NIR光脉冲。
图5展示由图2的步骤所导致的示例性轨迹。VSYNC脉冲由下轨迹的峰值11展示。在VSYNC脉冲的前沿之后约1.76ms，接近性感测器发射光(在测试条件下使用定位于显示器上方的NIR感测器检测)，如由峰值12所展示。在发射接近性感测光之后约1.15ms，消隐像素，如由波谷13所展示。
不同显示器和(若干)IR发射器可具有不同时序要求以实现最小失真。例如，自VSYNC脉冲的前沿至像素线刷新的时间t1将可能基于特定显示器和显示器下方感测器模块的位置来改变。开始时间t2和持续时间t3将相应改变。
应了解，将优化发射的光功率以尽可能减少像素失真。
应了解，可对时序方案作出进一步修改。例如，可引入长延迟t2(例如10ms或更长)以引起一些VSYNC脉冲被跳过。例如图6中所展示，可仅在每隔一个VSYNC脉冲11上触发NIR光脉冲12。替代地，计数器可与短延迟结合使用以仅在发生一定数目个VSYNC脉冲之后触发接近性测量发射。当显示器每VSYNC信号消隐一次以上(其可(例如)发生于显示器以低于100％亮度操作时)时，可藉由使接近性脉冲同步发生于VSYNC信号之后的第一次消隐之前来优化像素失真。此外，接近性脉冲12可与消隐时间13重叠。
也可对图1和图3的设备作出修改。例如图7中所展示，延迟功能不是集成至接近性感测器中，而是可由分开的延迟电路(例如微控制器14)执行。由图8的流程图从高层级上展示由图7的设备实施的过程。VSYNC信号自OLED显示驱动器3发送(S2.1)且由外部延迟电路(诸如微控制器14)接收(S2.2)。微控制器将延迟添加至VSYNC信号(S2.3)，且使此延迟VSYNC信号经由GPIO接口传递至接近性感测器15(S2.4)。GPIO脉冲到达接近性感测器(S2.5)触发NIR光发射开始(S2.6)。可在接收GPIO脉冲的时间与发射光的时间之间存在感测器的操作固有的进一步延迟。
图9中展示可由图7的架构和实施图8的步骤所导致的示例性轨迹。在VSYNC脉冲11的前沿之后0.650ms观察到发射器驱动信号(GPIO)脉冲16。在GPIO脉冲的前沿之后的进一步延迟1.11ms之后，接近性感测器发射光，如由峰值12所展示。再次，在发射接近性感测光之后1.15ms消隐像素，如由波谷13所展示。
光学发射器可为NIR LED(例如，以940nm发射)、垂直腔面发射激光(VCSEL)发射器或可产生不需要的像素失真的任何其他适合光学发射器。

Claims (15)

1.一种操作具有显示器的计算机装置的光学接近性感测器的方法，其中该光学接近性感测器定位于该显示器下方或否则定位于该显示器邻近处，该方法包括：
自显示驱动器获得垂直同步信号；以及
使该光学接近性感测器的光发射器的周期性照明与该垂直同步信号同步。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中该显示器是有机发光二极管显示器。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中该光学接近性感测器是红外光学接近性感测器，例如近红外光学接近性感测器。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中该同步步骤包括将延迟引入至该垂直同步信号以及使用该延迟信号的脉冲来触发该周期性照明。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中该延迟导致该发射器的照明紧接在该光学接近性感测器正上方的显示区域的消隐或变暗之前。
6.根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中该延迟导致该发射器的照明与该光学接近性感测器正上方的显示区域的该消隐或变暗部分一致。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其包括在该垂直同步信号的各同步脉冲之后使该光发射器照明。
8.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法，包括在该垂直同步信号的多个同步脉冲的各序列之后使该光发射器照明。
9.一种计算机装置，包括：
显示器；
光学接近性感测器，其定位于该显示器下方或否则定位于该显示器邻近处且包括光发射器；以及
显示驱动器，其用于产生垂直同步信号，
该装置被配置为使该光发射器的周期性照明与该垂直同步信号同步。
10.根据权利要求9所述的计算机装置，该显示器是有机发光二极管显示器。
11.根据权利要求10所述的计算机装置，该光学接近性感测器是红外光学接近性感测器，例如近红外光学接近性感测器。
12.根据权利要求9-11中任一项所述的计算机装置，包括用于使该垂直同步信号延迟的延迟电路，该延迟电路被集成至该光学接近性感测器中或实现为与该光学接近性感测器分离的组件，该延迟电路耦合至该光发射器以触发该光发射器的照明。
13.根据权利要求12所述的计算机装置，其中该延迟电路使该垂直同步信号延迟以引起该发射器的照明紧接在该光学接近性感测器正上方的显示区域的消隐或变暗之前。
14.根据权利要求12所述的计算机装置，其中该延迟电路使该垂直同步信号延迟以引起该发射器的照明与该光学接近性感测器正上方的显示区域的该消隐或变暗部分一致。
15.根据权利要求9-14中任一项所述的计算机装置，该装置是智能电话、平板计算机或膝上型计算机之一。
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