CN113847047A - Warehouse opening tool changing method - Google Patents
Warehouse opening tool changing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113847047A CN113847047A CN202111096063.8A CN202111096063A CN113847047A CN 113847047 A CN113847047 A CN 113847047A CN 202111096063 A CN202111096063 A CN 202111096063A CN 113847047 A CN113847047 A CN 113847047A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 165
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 25
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014121 butter Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a warehouse opening tool changing method, which is used for changing a cutter of a shield machine and comprises the following steps: injecting first slurry into a soil bin of the shield tunneling machine to replace original muck in the soil bin; injecting a second slurry into an upper soil body of the shield machine through at least one of the advanced geological boreholes in the shield machine to reinforce the upper soil body; and opening the bin for tool changing when the first slurry in the soil bin is solidified and no water seeps out and the injected second slurry and the upper soil body have no unset sand layer. The technical scheme of the invention aims to solve the technical problem of high safety risk of opening the bin and changing the tool in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of shield construction, in particular to a method for opening a bin and changing a tool.
Background
The shield machine is a mechanical device for shield construction in a complex stratum and is used for excavating a tunnel in a preset stratum. When the shield machine drills a stratum with a soft upper part and a hard lower part, the cutter is seriously abraded, the soil bin needs to be opened to replace the cutter, and the shield construction is ensured to be safely and reliably carried out. However, when a soft and hard-under stratum is encountered, the overlying rock-soil layer is soft, and the overlying rock-soil layer is easy to collapse due to no pressure balance measure in the tool changing process, so that the safety risk is extremely high; on the other hand, the overlying rock-soil layer has rock-soil gaps, the air tightness is poor, so that the pressure in the axial region between the tunnel face and the cutter head is unbalanced, the overlying rock-soil layer is easy to collapse, and the safety risk is extremely high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a method for opening a bin and changing tools, and aims to solve the technical problem that the safety risk of opening the bin and changing the tools in the prior art is high.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a warehouse opening tool changing method which is used for changing a cutter of a shield machine and comprises the following steps:
injecting first slurry into the soil bin to replace original muck in the soil bin;
injecting a second slurry into an upper soil body of the shield machine through at least one of the advanced geological boreholes in the shield machine to reinforce the upper soil body;
and opening the bin for tool changing when the first slurry in the soil bin is solidified and no water seeps out and the injected second slurry and the upper soil body have no unset sand layer.
Optionally, the open magazine tool changing method further comprises: and injecting a lubricant into the circumferential gap between the shield tunneling machine and the upper soil body.
Optionally, the lubricant is grease.
Optionally, the step of injecting a first slurry into the soil bin of the shield tunneling machine to replace the original muck in the soil bin includes: injecting first slurry into the soil bin through the grouting through hole formed in any wall of the soil bin; and in the process of injecting the first slurry into the soil bin, rotationally discharging the original muck in the soil bin through a screw machine according to a first preset direction until the screw machine discharges the first slurry injected into the soil bin, and finishing grouting.
Optionally, after the step of injecting the first slurry into the soil bin of the shield tunneling machine to replace the original muck in the soil bin, the method for opening the bin and changing the cutter further includes: driving the cutter head to rotate according to a first preset rotating speed, and synchronously continuously injecting third slurry with a first preset volume into the soil bin; stopping driving the cutter head when third slurry with a first preset volume is injected into the soil bin; driving the shield tunneling machine to retreat for a preset stroke, and synchronously injecting fourth slurry with a second preset volume into the soil bin continuously; and when the shield machine retreats to a preset position, stopping driving the shield machine, and driving the cutter head according to a second preset rotating speed until the torque of the cutter head is increased to a preset torque.
Optionally, after the step of injecting the first slurry into the soil bin of the shield tunneling machine to replace the original muck in the soil bin, the method for opening the bin and changing the cutter further includes: driving the screw machine according to a second preset direction, injecting bentonite into the screw machine until the sprayed and moistened soil comes out of the top of the screw machine, and stopping driving the screw machine; the first preset direction and the second preset direction are opposite directions.
Optionally, the step of injecting a second slurry into the upper soil mass of the shield machine through at least one of the advanced geological boreholes in the shield machine to consolidate the upper soil mass comprises: selecting at least one advanced geological borehole of the shield machine facing the upper soil mass; inserting a lead conduit through at least one of the lead geological boreholes into the upper earth mass; and injecting the second slurry into the upper soil body through the leading conduit so as to reinforce the upper soil body.
Optionally, the number of the advanced geological drilling holes is 4, and the 4 advanced geological hanging holes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the shield tunneling machine; the number of the advanced guide pipes is 4, and the advanced guide pipes are respectively inserted into the upper soil body through the corresponding geological drill holes.
Optionally, the method for changing the tool by opening the bin further comprises monitoring whether the ground is uplifted or not in the process of injecting the first slurry into the soil bin and/or injecting the second slurry into the upper soil body; wherein the ground surface is raised by no more than 3 mm.
Optionally, the first preset condition is: the slurry in the soil bin is solidified without water seepage; the second preset condition is as follows: the grout injected into the upper soil body has no unset sand layer with the upper soil body.
Optionally, the water-cement ratio of the first slurry is 1: 0.15-1: 0.25; the water-cement ratio of the second slurry is 1: 0.8-1: 1.
in the technical scheme of the invention, the original muck in the soil bin is replaced by cement slurry in a mode of injecting the first slurry, so that a cement mortar film is favorably formed at the opening and the notch of the cutter head, a certain support can be formed on the tunnel face in the cutter changing process, and the risks of damage such as tunnel face collapse and the like are effectively reduced; and injecting the second slurry into the soft rock-soil layer on the shield machine, wherein the second slurry can fill the gap in the soft soil layer, so that the stability of the second slurry is improved, and the collapse of the soft rock-soil layer is prevented. And opening the bin for tool changing when the first slurry in the soil bin is solidified and no water seeps out and the injected second slurry and the upper soil body have no unset sand layer. By the method, the tunnel face can be supported and the overlying rock-soil layer can be stabilized in the tool changing process, the pressure of the rock-soil layer is in a balanced state in the tool changing process, the risks of damage such as tunnel face collapse and the overlying rock-soil layer are reduced, and the operation safety is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the tool changing method for opening a bin according to the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the tool changing method for opening the bin of the invention.
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "secured" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in an embodiment of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the meaning of "and/or" appearing throughout includes three juxtapositions, exemplified by "A and/or B" including either A or B or both A and B. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
In consideration of safety, when the shield machine drill encounters loose and loose overburden rock soil, the air pressure tool changing cannot be carried out due to poor air tightness, and the normal pressure tool changing cannot be carried out under natural conditions due to poor self-stability capability of the stratum. Therefore, the invention provides a method for opening a warehouse and changing a tool, and aims to solve the technical problem that the safety of the shield machine for changing the tool is low when a drill is loose and soft on an upper cladding course layer in the prior art.
The invention provides a warehouse opening tool changing method, which is used for changing a cutter of a shield machine, and comprises the following steps as shown in figure 1:
s02, injecting first slurry into the soil bin to replace the original muck in the soil bin;
s03, injecting second slurry into the upper soil body of the shield machine through at least one of the advanced geological drill holes on the shield machine so as to reinforce the upper soil body;
and S04, opening the bin for changing the cutter when the first slurry in the soil bin is solidified and no water seeps out and the injected second slurry and the upper soil body have no unset sand layer.
In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the original muck in the soil bin is replaced by cement slurry in a mode of injecting the first slurry, so that a cement mortar film is favorably formed at the opening and the cut of the cutter head, a certain support can be formed on the tunnel face in the tool changing process, and the risks of damage such as tunnel face collapse and the like are effectively reduced; and injecting the second slurry into the soft rock-soil layer on the shield machine, wherein the second slurry can fill the gap in the soft soil layer, so that the stability of the second slurry is improved, and the collapse of the soft rock-soil layer is prevented. And opening the bin for tool changing when the first slurry in the soil bin is solidified and no water seeps out and the injected second slurry and the upper soil body have no unset sand layer. By the method, the tunnel face can be supported and the overlying rock-soil layer can be stabilized in the tool changing process, the pressure of the rock-soil layer is in a balanced state in the tool changing process, the risks of damage such as tunnel face collapse and the overlying rock-soil layer are reduced, and the operation safety is improved.
In addition, grouting in the silo has the following purpose: the opening of the fixed bin and the cutter head is used for plugging a cavity which possibly exists, so that smooth bin opening is ensured; in order to wrap the main bearing and prevent the damage to the sealing of the main bearing caused by too large advanced grouting pressure, the mortar injection process is carried out under the condition of ensuring that the pressure of the soil bin is not less than 1.2 bar.
It should be noted that the first slurry may be a water-cement ratio of 1: 0.15 to: 1: 0.25 cement slurry, preferably 1: 0.2. the slurry ratio of the first slurry may be: cement: bentonite: 150kg of sand: 120 kg: 350 kg. According to different conditions, the water-cement ratio of the first slurry can be adjusted, such as 1: 0.25, 1: 0.18, etc. The injection pressure is generally 1.2 bar-1.8 bar, which is determined according to the actual formation condition and the burial depth, and the grouting operation is carried out with the least formation disturbance.
It should be noted that, in general, the second slurry is injected into the upper soil body after the first slurry is injected, and the tunnel face is supported by the formed mud film. The second slurry injected into the upper soil body needs a certain range; the second slurry is generally injected in a range of 3m or more (generally 3m in consideration of construction cost) ahead of the upper soil in front of the cutter (in the driving direction). The water-cement ratio of the second slurry is 1: 0.8-1: 1, a cement slurry. Generally, the pressure for injecting the second slurry is preferably lower than 1MPa, such as 0.6-0.8 MPa.
It should be noted that the first preset condition is: the slurry in the soil bin is solidified without water seepage; the second preset condition is as follows: the grout injected into the upper soil body has no unset sand layer with the upper soil body. Before the bin is opened for tool changing, the solidification condition of the slurry in the bin is checked firstly, and whether the bin can be opened or not is judged; the soil bin wall ball valve is opened firstly, the reinforcing steel bars are used for smashing into the soil bin, and the solidification condition is judged according to the smashing condition. Then the ball valve above the soil bin door is opened, and the solidification condition in the bin is checked by the same method to see whether water flows out. If both conditions are satisfied, the opening operation can be performed. Secondly, checking the grouting condition of the side wall of the anterior shield: and (4) opening the ball valves on the two sides of the shield body, checking the soil condition of the side wall after grouting in the same way as the method, and judging whether an unset sand layer exists or not, wherein if the conditions are met, the side wall reinforcing effect is good. Finally, checking the front reinforcing effect of the cutter head of the shield machine; after the soil bin door is opened, the soil bin is cleaned firstly. After the opening of the cutter head is cleaned, the air drill is used for punching, and the consolidation condition of the soil body in front of the cutter head after grouting is checked. If the conditions are better, the bin cleaning work can be continued, the protection work of the opening of the cutter head is well done, and the safety of bin opening can be ensured.
When the warehouse is opened for changing tools, the warehouse is cleaned by using the lifter and the spade, and the braided bagged soil is manually conveyed to the belt conveyor and then conveyed to the muck vehicle by the belt conveyor. The bin cleaning sequence is from top to bottom, and the cement paste at the notch ring and the opening is reserved. If part of the chiseling process is over chiseling, the rapid cement plugging is immediately adopted. And in the process of clearing the tunnel, gas detection in the tunnel is performed once in each period of time, and the condition of the tunnel face is observed at any time. In the process of tool changing operation, the observation of the protective film of the tunnel face is constantly kept, once a small amount of water leakage is found, the protective film is immediately plugged by plugging, when the water leakage is large, the protective film is plugged by cotton quilt and fixed by square timber, when the hole is punched and double-liquid slurry is injected for plugging, and when the water leakage is large or the tunnel collapses, personnel immediately withdraw from the soil bin. When the tool is changed, the tool is removed and replaced, and one tool is chiseled and replaced. And for the cutters which are difficult to install, the cutters are firstly removed, and the cutter head is rotated to be replaced after the bin is cleaned. When one cutter is replaced, the gap around the cutter is sealed by gauze.
After the bin is opened and the cutter is changed: and closing the cabin, injecting bentonite, building pressure and recovering tunneling. And sixthly, after the cutter is replaced and the soil bin and the cutter head are cleaned up, conventionally rotating the cutter head, and slowly rotating at 0.1-0.3rpm when rotating after the cutter head rotates to a certain distance (30-50 mm) forwards if the cutter head does not rotate.
As an alternative to the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the method for tool changing by opening the magazine further includes: and S01, injecting a lubricant into the annular gap between the shield tunneling machine and the upper soil body. The purpose of the lubricant injection is mainly: the injected first slurry and second slurry are prevented from entering a casing of the shield machine wrapped in the annular gap, and the friction force between the shield machine and the soil body is reduced; the injected lubricant can also seal water source to a certain extent, and prevent water seepage in the operation process. As an alternative to the above embodiment, the lubricant is grease. The grease has strong lubricity and low cost, and can effectively reduce the friction force between the shield tunneling machine and the soil body in the retreating process.
As an optional implementation manner of the foregoing embodiment, the step of injecting the first slurry into the soil cabin of the shield machine to replace the original muck in the soil cabin includes: injecting first slurry into the soil bin through the grouting through hole formed in any wall of the soil bin; and in the process of injecting the first slurry into the soil bin, rotationally discharging the original muck in the soil bin through a screw machine according to a first preset direction until the screw machine discharges the first slurry injected into the soil bin, and finishing grouting. The water-cement ratio is 1: and 0.2, injecting cement slurry from the reserved hole of the bin gate by using a synchronous grouting system, wherein the injection pressure is 1.5 bar. Opening the upper part or the soil bin partition plate to reserve a grouting through hole during injection, extruding muddy water in the soil bin during injection, and closing a reserved opening when flowing out cement paste; at the moment, the screw machine discharges slag according to a first preset direction, first slurry is synchronously injected, soil pressure is kept stable until the screw machine discharges the slag and cement slurry, and a cutter head is not rotated in the process.
As an optional implementation manner of the foregoing embodiment, after the step of injecting the first slurry into the soil cabin of the shield machine to replace the original muck in the soil cabin, the method for changing the tool by opening the cabin further includes: driving the cutter head to rotate according to a first preset rotating speed, and synchronously continuously injecting third slurry with a first preset volume into the soil bin; stopping driving the cutter head when third slurry with a first preset volume is injected into the soil bin; driving the shield tunneling machine to retreat for a preset stroke, and synchronously injecting fourth slurry with a second preset volume into the soil bin continuously; and when the shield machine retreats to a preset position, stopping driving the shield machine, and driving the cutter head according to a second preset rotating speed until the torque of the cutter head is increased to a preset torque. Injecting water and cement into the soil bin at a ratio of 1: a third slurry of 0.2 grout (which may be the same as the first slurry) is injected into the surface micro-bumps. Synchronously rotating the cutter head at the speed of not less than 1.5rpm, and rotating after cement slurry injection is finishedThe cutter head is not less than 20min, the speed is not less than 1.5rpm, multiple injections of butter are injected into the main driving and rotating center in the process of rotating the cutter head, and 4m is expected to be injected3. Loosening the propulsion oil cylinder, enabling the oil cylinder to support the shoe to be 10cm away from the pipe piece, and synchronously injecting water and cement into the soil bin in a ratio of 1: 1 cement slurry, synchronously withdrawing the hinged oil cylinder, and injecting the cement slurry about 4m3And (4) observing whether the pressure of the soil bin changes without rotating the cutter head, keeping the soil pressure stable until the shield body retreats and does not move, and synchronously injecting 125kg of shield tail grease from the radial grouting hole. The cutter head was rotated at 0.8rpm, the cutter head torque was observed, and when the cutter head torque increased to 2000-3000KN · m, the cutter head rotation was stopped. After the balance state of the soil body is initially established, tool retracting treatment is required; in order to reduce the disturbance to the soil body in the cutter retracting process, firstly, a dynamic balance state is initially established in a manner of driving a cutter disc to fill grouting; and after the third slurry with the first preset volume is injected (the water-cement ratio is 1: 0.2), stopping driving the cutter head, retreating the driving shield machine for a certain distance, injecting a fourth slurry with a second preset volume (the water-cement ratio is 1: 1) inwards, monitoring whether the pressure of the soil bin is abnormally changed or not, and ensuring that the soil pressure is kept stable until a preset stroke is reached. And after the preset stroke is reached, continuously driving the cutter head, measuring the torque of the cutter head, and stopping driving the cutter head after the preset torque is reached, so that cement slurry and residual muck in the soil bin are fully mixed. As an optional implementation manner of the foregoing embodiment, after the step of injecting the first slurry into the soil cabin of the shield machine to replace the original muck in the soil cabin, the method for changing the tool by opening the cabin further includes: driving the screw machine according to a second preset direction, injecting bentonite into the screw machine until the sprayed and moistened soil comes out of the top of the screw machine, and stopping driving the screw machine; the first preset direction and the second preset direction are opposite directions. And (3) reversing the screw machine for not less than 10min, injecting bentonite into the screw machine after the screw machine is reversed at the maximum rotation speed of 5rpm to the 4 th min, injecting bentonite from the top of the screw machine until the bentonite is ejected, and closing a rear gate of the screw machine. In this case, the slurry can be prevented from solidifying in the screw machine, and the amount of remaining slurry in the screw machine can be reduced. Typically, the reverse rotation of the screw is performed after the injection of the first slurry,and before retracting the cutter. For example, after the screw machine reversely rotates to process the slurry in the screw machine, the cutter head is driven to rotate according to a first preset rotating speed, and a first preset volume of third slurry is continuously injected into the soil bin synchronously; stopping driving the cutter head when third slurry with a first preset volume is injected into the soil bin; driving the shield tunneling machine to retreat for a preset stroke, and synchronously injecting fourth slurry with a second preset volume into the soil bin continuously; and stopping driving the shield tunneling machine when the shield tunneling machine retreats to a preset position, and driving the cutter head according to a second preset rotating speed until the torque of the cutter head is increased to a preset torque. The treatment may be performed after this step.
As an optional implementation of the foregoing embodiment, the step of injecting a second slurry into the upper soil body of the shield machine through at least one of the advanced geological boreholes in the shield machine to reinforce the upper soil body includes: selecting at least one advanced geological borehole of the shield machine facing the upper soil mass; inserting a lead conduit through at least one of the lead geological boreholes into the upper earth mass; and injecting the second slurry into the upper soil body through the leading conduit so as to reinforce the upper soil body. For example, a leading conduit is drilled forwards, the length of the conduit is 6m, the tamping depth is 5.5m, the conduit reaches 1.0m in front of a cutter head, if the soil body is dense and the conduit is difficult to pound, the conduit can be hammered into a hole by using an air gun, and the longest drill rod of the air gun is 6 m. Catheter adoption
The steel pipe, 100mm interval slot, 60mm, plum blossom form arrangement of fluting length, trompil scope is 0.5m at the pipe front end. Grouting slurry is 1: 0.8-1: 1 a cement slurry. And controlling the grouting pressure to be about 1.0Mpa, adopting reverse grouting, observing for 15 minutes after the pressure reaches, continuing grouting if the pressure is reduced, pulling out for 0.5m for grouting after the pressure is not reduced, observing for 15 minutes after the grouting pressure reaches, and closing a ball valve behind the guide pipe after the pressure is not reduced. In order to prevent the grouting pipe from being difficult to pull out after the slurry is solidified, the grouting is finished, and the slurry is preliminarily solidified and then is subjected toAnd (5) pulling out the grouting pipe. And after the advanced grouting is finished for 24 hours, the next procedure is carried out.
Specifically, in the technical scheme of the invention, the step of injecting the second slurry into the upper soil body through the advanced conduit specifically comprises the following steps:
determining an injection range; determining a deepest injection depth and a receding interval depth according to the determined injection range; the retreating interval depth is determined according to specific geological parameters, and generally, the softer the soil layer, the smaller the retreating interval depth.
Inserting the advanced guide pipe to the deepest injection depth corresponding to the injection range in the axial direction of the advanced geological drilling; injecting the second slurry at the deepest injection depth, stopping injecting when the second slurry is injected to a third preset volume, and monitoring the grouting pressure; and if the grouting pressure keeps a preset pressure value, pulling out the retreating interval depth in the returning direction of the advanced guide pipe inserted into the upper soil body, and continuing injecting the second grout until the second grout is injected at the preset position.
For example, the determined injection range is the upper soil body 6 m; the deepest injection depth is 6m and the receding interval depth is set to 0.5 m. At the time of injection, the preset injection positions were 6m, 5.5m, 5m, 4.5m, 4m, 3.5m, 3m, 2.5m, 2m, 1.5m, 1m, and 0.5m in this order. Namely: in the invention, the second slurry injected into the upper soil body adopts a reverse grouting mode, so that the upper soil body can be improved in geology, the stability of stratum can be kept during tool changing, and collapse of holes under construction is prevented. In general, if the grouting pressure does not keep a preset pressure value at the injection position, a second grouting pressure is needed to be injected; when in injection supplementing, the injection is required to be stopped and the grouting pressure is monitored every fourth preset volume; to prevent over-injection or to stop injection when the set parameters of the injection device increase.
For example, the third predetermined volume is 6L, and the fourth predetermined volume is 1L. The preset pressure value is 1 Mpa. The third and fourth preset volumes and the preset pressure values are determined by combining specific geological parameters and the size of the hole. Generally, the higher the softness, the larger the hole, and the larger the third and fourth predetermined volumes and predetermined pressure values.
As an optional implementation manner of the above embodiment, the number of the advanced geological boreholes is 4, and the 4 advanced geological boreholes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the shield machine; the number of the advanced guide pipes is 4, and the advanced guide pipes are respectively inserted into the upper soil body through the corresponding geological drill holes. Grouting of the leading pipes can be carried out simultaneously or sequentially according to a preset sequence.
As an optional implementation manner of the above embodiment, the method for changing tools by opening the warehouse further comprises monitoring whether the ground is uplifted or not in the process of injecting the first grout into the soil warehouse and/or injecting the second grout into the upper soil body; wherein the ground surface is raised by no more than 3 mm. The monitored content is the earth surface, such as: the monitoring range is 15 meters in front of the cutter head, 10 meters behind the cutter head, 10 meters on the left side and the right side of the cutter head respectively, a key monitoring area is arranged right above the cutter head, real-time monitoring is carried out in the residue soil replacement and pressurization process, and monitoring is carried out once every certain time during opening the bin, cleaning and changing the cutter. In addition, if underground pipelines exist in the stratum to be met, the underground pipelines also need to be monitored,
the above description is only an alternative embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A warehouse opening tool changing method is used for changing a cutter of a shield machine and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
injecting first slurry into the soil bin to replace original muck in the soil bin;
injecting a second slurry into an upper soil body of the shield machine through at least one of the advanced geological boreholes in the shield machine to reinforce the upper soil body;
and opening the bin for tool changing when the first slurry in the soil bin is solidified and no water seeps out and the injected second slurry and the upper soil body have no unset sand layer.
2. The open magazine tool exchange method of claim 1, further comprising:
and injecting a lubricant into the circumferential gap between the shield tunneling machine and the upper soil body.
3. A method of changing tools according to claim 2, characterised in that the lubricant is grease.
4. The method for changing the tools through opening the warehouse as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of injecting the first slurry into the soil warehouse of the shield machine to replace the original muck in the soil warehouse comprises the following steps:
injecting first slurry into the soil bin through the grouting through hole formed in any wall of the soil bin;
and in the process of injecting the first slurry into the soil bin, rotationally discharging the original muck in the soil bin through a screw machine according to a first preset direction until the screw machine discharges the first slurry injected into the soil bin, and finishing grouting.
5. The open-bin tool changing method according to claim 4, wherein after the step of injecting the first slurry into the soil bin of the shield machine to replace original muck in the soil bin, the open-bin tool changing method further comprises:
driving the cutter head to rotate according to a first preset rotating speed, and synchronously continuously injecting third slurry with a first preset volume into the soil bin; when the third slurry injected into the soil bin reaches the first preset volume, stopping driving the cutter head;
driving the shield tunneling machine to retreat for a preset stroke, and synchronously injecting fourth slurry with a second preset volume into the soil bin continuously;
and when the shield machine retreats to a preset position, stopping driving the shield machine, driving the cutter head according to a second preset rotating speed until the torque of the cutter head is increased to a preset torque, and stopping driving the cutter head.
6. The open-bin tool changing method according to claim 4, wherein after the step of injecting the first slurry into the soil bin of the shield machine to replace original muck in the soil bin, the open-bin tool changing method further comprises:
driving the screw machine according to a second preset direction, injecting bentonite into the screw machine until the sprayed and moistened soil comes out of the top of the screw machine, and stopping driving the screw machine;
the first preset direction and the second preset direction are opposite directions.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein said step of consolidating the upper soil mass of the shield machine by injecting a second slurry through at least one of the advanced geological boreholes in the shield machine comprises:
selecting at least one advanced geological borehole of the shield machine facing the upper soil mass;
inserting a lead conduit through at least one of the lead geological boreholes into the upper earth mass;
and injecting the second slurry into the upper soil body through the leading conduit so as to reinforce the upper soil body.
8. The open bin tool changing method according to claim 7, wherein the number of the advanced geological drilling holes is 4, and 4 advanced geological hanging holes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the shield tunneling machine;
the number of the advanced guide pipes is 4, and the advanced guide pipes are respectively inserted into the upper soil body through the corresponding geological drill holes.
9. The open magazine tool exchange method of claim 1, further comprising:
monitoring whether the ground is uplifted during the process of injecting the first slurry into the soil bin and/or injecting the second slurry into the upper soil body; wherein the ground surface is raised by no more than 3 mm.
10. The method for changing tools by opening a bin as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water cement ratio of the first slurry is 1: 0.15-1: 0.25;
the water-cement ratio of the second slurry is 1: 0.8-1: 1.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111096063.8A CN113847047A (en) | 2021-09-17 | 2021-09-17 | Warehouse opening tool changing method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111096063.8A CN113847047A (en) | 2021-09-17 | 2021-09-17 | Warehouse opening tool changing method |
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