CN113846683A - Sinking construction device for cast-in-place underground building - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a sinking construction device for a cast-in-place underground building, which relates to the technical field of underground building construction, wherein the underground building comprises an outer wall, a top plate, a bottom plate and a construction device, the outer wall comprises a longitudinal wall and a transverse wall, the bottom of a lower longitudinal wall is lower than the bottom plate, the bottom plate is vertically fixed on the side edge of the lower longitudinal wall, and an upper longitudinal wall is positioned above the bottom plate; the construction device comprises a pouring device, an excavating device and a hanging device positioned at the top of a building, wherein the excavating device comprises an outer wall excavating device and a bottom plate excavating device, the building is poured at the full length on the ground through the pouring device, the hanging device enables the building to be in a suspended state, a driving device is started, chain cutters at the bottom of the outer wall and the bottom plate excavate rock soil, the excavated rock soil is brought to the upper side by the chain cutters running from bottom to top, sinking operation of the building is achieved, the building sinks to a set depth, the chain cutters are extracted, and subsequent construction is completed until all construction of the building is completed.

Description

Sinking construction device for cast-in-place underground building

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of underground building construction, in particular to a sinking construction device for a cast-in-place underground building.

Background

The existing large-scale underground building is constructed by an open cut method commonly used, the open cut method needs to firstly open a foundation pit for supporting, then the underground building is poured or assembled in the foundation pit, the bottom rock soil is excavated by adopting a chain cutter at present, the whole sinking technical scheme is adopted, and a sinking construction device without a hanging device has the following defects because the load of the underground building is too heavy:

1. the inclination and the deviation are easy to generate, a deviation rectifying device needs to be additionally arranged when the device sinks, and once the deviation is generated, the deviation rectification is difficult to realize;

2. the large load is pressed on the bottom chain cutter, so that the power of the driving device is too large, and the chain cutter is easy to break;

3. the descent speed is difficult to control;

4. the feed amount of the bottom chain cutter is in an out-of-control state, so that the cutter is easily damaged.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention has been made keeping in mind the above problems occurring in the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a sinking construction apparatus for a cast-in-place type underground structure, which solves the above problems occurring in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the underground building comprises an outer wall, a top plate, a bottom plate and a construction device, wherein the outer wall comprises a longitudinal wall and a transverse wall, the longitudinal wall comprises a lower longitudinal wall and an upper longitudinal wall, the bottom of the lower longitudinal wall is lower than the bottom plate, the bottom plate is vertically fixed on the side edge of the lower longitudinal wall, and the upper longitudinal wall is positioned above the bottom plate; the construction device comprises a pouring device, an excavating device and a hanging device positioned at the top of a building, wherein the excavating device comprises an outer wall excavating device and a bottom plate excavating device, the outer wall excavating device excavates rock soil at the bottom of an outer wall, the bottom plate excavating device excavates rock soil at the bottom of a bottom plate, the outer wall excavating device and the bottom plate excavating device comprise chain cutter excavating devices, each chain cutter excavating device comprises a chain cutter and a driving device, and each chain cutter comprises a chain and a cutter arranged on the chain; the chain cutter comprises an outer wall chain cutter in the outer wall excavating device and a bottom plate chain cutter in the bottom plate excavating device, the bottom plate chain cutter is transversely arranged and forms an angle with the outer wall chain cutter, the driving device comprises an outer wall driving device and a bottom plate driving device, the outer wall driving device is installed above an outer wall, the bottom plate driving device is installed above a sinking part of a building, the outer wall chain cutter envelopes an outer wall from the top of the sinking part of the building, and the bottom plate chain cutter envelopes the bottom plate from the top of the sinking part of the building; holes staggered up and down are arranged above the lower longitudinal wall, the chain cutter of the bottom plate envelopes the whole cross section of the sinking part of the building through the holes, and the thickness of the lower longitudinal wall is greater than or equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the upper longitudinal wall and the chain cutter; the building is poured on the ground in the full length through the pouring device, the hanging device is used for enabling the building to be in a hanging state, the driving device is started, chain cutters at the bottoms of the outer wall and the bottom plate dig rock soil, the chain cutters running from bottom to top bring the dug rock soil to the top, sinking operation of the building is achieved, the building sinks to a set depth, the chain cutters are pulled out, follow-up construction is completed, and the whole construction of the building is completed.

As a further scheme of the invention: the building sinks to a set depth, and is in a critical state when the buoyancy of underground water to the building and the friction of rock soil to the building are equal to the self weight of the building including the excavating device, and the building is always in a suspended state in the sinking process by adding weight to the building, for example, pouring water into the building.

As a further scheme of the invention: the chain knife comprises a chain plate, the chain plate is arranged on the chain, and the knife is arranged on the chain plate.

As a further scheme of the invention: the chain cutter comprises a plurality of groups of tapered strip chain cutters, the cutters in the strip chain cutters comprise head cutters positioned at the front ends, middle cutters positioned in the middle and scraping plates positioned at the tail ends, the head cutters comprise long cutters, the middle cutters comprise two short cutters, the height of the scraping plates is slightly lower than that of the head cutters and the middle cutters, the head cutters and the middle cutters excavate rock soil, and the excavated rock soil is brought to the front by the scraping plates.

As a further scheme of the invention: the hanging device comprises steel strand lifting jacks, a plurality of steel strand lifting jacks A are synchronously and slowly lifted, the building sinks under the hanging state, and the building is difficult to deviate due to the huge dead weight of the building.

As a further scheme of the invention: when the chain cutter is used for excavating rock and soil, different geological conditions are met by controlling the descending speed of the hanging device, and when the chain cutter is worn, the chain cutter is replaced at the top.

As a further scheme of the invention: during the sinking construction of the building, the mud protection wall prevents the soil outside the upper vertical wall from collapsing.

As a further scheme of the invention: the building can sink in sections in the height direction.

As a further scheme of the invention: during initial sinking construction of the building, the building generates buoyancy by filling water so as to balance the weight of the building in a suspended state.

In conclusion, compared with the prior art, the technology adopts the hanging device, the dead weight of the underground building is balanced by the hanging device, and the underground building has the following advantages:

1. because the underground building is extremely heavy and cannot deviate, a deviation rectifying device is not needed;

2. the dead weight of the underground building is not pressed on the chain cutter, so that the power of the driving device is small, the tension of the chain is small, and the chain is not easy to break;

3. the descending speed is controllable;

4. different geological conditions can be adapted by controlling the amount of feed.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a single-layer pillarless underground building 1, wherein a construction device 3 is used for carrying out integral sinking construction on the poured building 1;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a hoisting device 31 provided with a plurality of steel strand lifting jacks 31A for simultaneously hoisting a hoisting beam at the top of the building 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the outer wall excavating device 51 and the floor excavating device 52 after the building 1 is installed;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a two-story subway station of the building 1, in which holes 2X11 are provided above a lower vertical wall 2X1 and are staggered up and down;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of casting device 4 casting building 1 on the ground;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view showing that the excavating device 5 is installed, the hanging device 31 is used for hanging the top of the building 1, and the outer wall excavating device 51 and the bottom plate excavating device 52 start excavating the bottom rock soil of the building 1;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view showing the entire sinking of the excavating unit 5 and the building 1 under the control of the raising and lowering of the suspending unit 31;

fig. 8 is a schematic view of the structure in which link plate 73 is mounted on chain 71 and knife 72 is mounted on link plate 73;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the strip-shaped chain cutter 8;

FIG. 1 is a building; 2 is an outer wall, including a longitudinal wall 2X and a transverse wall 2Y; 2X is a vertical wall comprising a lower vertical wall 2X1 and an upper vertical wall 2X 2; 2X1 is lower vertical wall; 2X11 is a well; 2X2 is upper vertical wall; 2Y is a transverse wall; 11 is a top plate; 12 is a base plate; a construction device 3, which comprises a pouring device 4, an excavating device 5 and a hanging device 31 positioned at the top of the building 1; 31 is a hanging device; 4, a pouring device; 5 is an excavating device, comprising an outer wall excavating device 51 and a bottom plate excavating device 52; 51 is an outer wall excavating device; 52 is a floor excavation means; a chain cutter excavating device 6 including a chain cutter 7 and a driving device 61; 61 is a driving device; 611 is an outer wall driving device; 612 is a backplane drive; 7 is a chain cutter; 71 is a chain; 72 is a knife; 73 is a link plate; 7A is an outer wall chain cutter; 7B is a bottom plate chain cutter; 71X is a stringer; 8 is a strip chain cutter; 81 is a nose knife at the front end; 811 is a long knife; 82 is located in the middle; 821 is a short knife; 83 is a flight at the trailing end.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 9, in the embodiment of the present invention, an underground building 1 includes an outer wall 2, a top plate 11, a bottom plate 12 and a construction device 3, the outer wall 2 includes a longitudinal wall 2X and a transverse wall 2Y, the longitudinal wall 2X includes a lower longitudinal wall 2X1 and an upper longitudinal wall 2X2, the bottom of the lower longitudinal wall 2X1 is lower than the bottom plate 12, the bottom plate 12 is vertically fixed on a side edge of the lower longitudinal wall 2X1, and the upper longitudinal wall 2X2 is located above the bottom plate 12; the construction device 3 comprises a pouring device 4, an excavating device 5 and a hanging device 31 positioned at the top of the building 1, wherein the excavating device 5 comprises an outer wall excavating device 51 and a bottom plate excavating device 52, the outer wall excavating device 51 excavates rock soil at the bottom of the outer wall 2, the bottom plate excavating device 52 excavates rock soil at the bottom of the bottom plate 12, the outer wall excavating device 51 and the bottom plate excavating device 52 comprise a chain cutter excavating device 6, the chain cutter excavating device 6 comprises a chain cutter 7 and a driving device 61, and the chain cutter 7 comprises a chain 71 and a cutter 72 arranged on the chain 71; the chain cutter 7 comprises an outer wall chain cutter 7A in the outer wall excavating device 51 and a bottom plate chain cutter 7B in the bottom plate excavating device 52, the bottom plate chain cutter 7B is transversely arranged and forms an angle of 90 degrees with the outer wall chain cutter 7A, the driving device 61 comprises an outer wall driving device 611 and a bottom plate driving device 612, the outer wall driving device 611 is installed above the outer wall 2, the bottom plate driving device 612 is installed above the sinking part of the building 1, the outer wall chain cutter 7A envelopes the outer wall 2 from the top of the sinking part of the building 1, and the bottom plate chain cutter 7B envelopes the bottom plate 12 from the top of the sinking part of the building 1; the upper part of the lower longitudinal wall 2X1 comprises a hole 2X11 which is staggered up and down, a bottom plate chain cutter 7B envelopes the whole section of the sinking part of the building 1 through a hole 2X11, and the thickness of the lower longitudinal wall 2X1 is more than or equal to the sum of the thickness of the upper longitudinal wall 2X2 and the thickness of the chain cutter 7; the building 1 is poured on the ground in the full length through the pouring device 4, the hanging device 31 is used for enabling the building 1 to be in a hanging state, the driving device 61 is started, the chain cutters 7 at the bottoms of the outer wall 2 and the bottom plate 12 dig the rock soil, the chain cutters 7 which run from bottom to top bring the dug rock soil to the top, sinking operation of the building 1 is achieved, the building 1 sinks to a set depth, the chain cutters 7 are extracted, and subsequent construction is completed until all construction of the building 1 is completed.

As shown in fig. 4, the joint area of the lower longitudinal wall 2X1 and the upper longitudinal wall 2X2 is provided with a hole 2X11, the bottom plate chain cutter 7B is wound from the bottom plate 12 to the upper longitudinal wall 2X2 and the top plate 11 through the hole 2X11, the turning radius value of the adjacent bottom plate chain cutter 7B is different at the position, so that the hole 2X11 of the lower longitudinal wall 2X1 is vertically staggered, so that the lower longitudinal wall 2X1 is not cut by the bottom plate chain cutter 7B, the vertically staggered hole 2X11 makes the lower longitudinal wall 2X1 not cut by the bottom plate chain cutter 7B, a cutting plate is provided at the entrance of the bottom plate chain cutter 7B through the hole 2X11, and when the bottom plate chain cutter 7B carries rock soil such as pebbles or boulders larger than the gap between the hole 2X11 and the bottom plate chain cutter 7B, the rock soil rock soil such as pebbles or boulders are crushed by the entrance cutting plate.

As shown in fig. 5, the pouring device 4 uses the hoisting equipment of the top hanging device 31 to hoist the concrete conveying pipeline, and previously places the chain cutter 7 on the bottom plate 12 and the bottom of the lower longitudinal wall 2X1 to pour the installed formwork area on the building 1 in situ, or can use the traditional pumping equipment to pour; for underground buildings with long longitudinal length such as subway stations or comprehensive pipe galleries, the underground buildings are cast in sections in the longitudinal direction, the underground buildings can be cast in sections in the height direction, after all the underground buildings are cast, the chain cutters 7 are connected into a closed loop, the excavating device 5 and the hanging device 31 are installed and are excavated and sunk in place at one time, the underground buildings can also be cast in layers in the height direction, when the underground buildings are cast, the chain cutters 7 are disconnected, the driving device 61 and the upper chain cutters 7 are lifted, the underground buildings 1 are cast at the bottom, the underground buildings are maintained to the designed strength, the chain cutters 7 are connected into the closed loop, the excavating device 5 and the hanging device 31 are installed, temporary supports inside the underground buildings 1 are installed, the excavating device 5 excavates rock soil at the bottom, and the underground buildings 1 and the construction device 3 are integrally sunk to the set depth.

It should be noted that, the construction working surface of the main structure of the building 1 is finished on the ground, the traditional open cut construction is carried out, the main structure is built in a foundation pit, the construction in a deep foundation pit has the requirements of foundation pit support and precipitation, and the construction on the ground is more convenient and safer.

The building 1 sinks to a set depth, and is in a critical state when the buoyancy of groundwater to the building 1 and the friction of rock soil to the building 1 are equal to the self weight of the building 1 including the excavating device 5, and the building 1 is always in a suspended state in the sinking process by adding weight to the building 1, for example, pouring water into the building 1; during initial sinking construction of the building 1, the building 1 generates buoyancy by filling water so as to balance the weight of the building 1 in a suspended state.

The chain cutter 7 for excavating the bottom rock soil in the excavating device 5 can adopt various structural forms, the chain 71 can be in a common roller chain form or a ring chain or a die forging chain, a chain plate 73 is installed on the chain 71, the cutters 72 are installed on the chain plate 73, and the number and the form of the cutters 72 are changed according to different rock soil.

It should be noted that the chain blade 7 includes several sets of tapered chain blades 8, the blades 72 of the chain blades 8 include a head blade 81 at the front end, a middle blade 82 at the middle end, and a scraper 83 at the rear end, the head blade 81 includes a long blade 811, the middle blade 82 includes two short blades 821, the height of the scraper 83 is slightly lower than the height of the head blade 81 and the middle blade 82, the head blade 81 and the middle blade 82 excavate the rock soil, and the scraper 83 brings the excavated rock soil to the front.

The hanging device 31 comprises steel strand lifting jacks 31A, the steel strand lifting jacks 31A are synchronously and slowly lifted, the building 1 sinks under a hanging state, and the building is difficult to deviate due to the huge dead weight of the building.

Wherein, a plurality of sets of bottom plate excavating devices 52 are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the building 1, the bottom plate chain knives 7B are fully distributed on the whole bottom plate of the comprehensive pipe gallery, the bottom plate driving device 612 of each set of bottom plate excavating device 52 is positioned at the side edge of the cross section of the building 1 and is higher than the turning fulcrum of the bottom plate chain knife 7B at the other side, so that the bottom plate chain knife 7B at the top of the building 1 has a certain inclination angle, and one side is higher and the other side is lower; the positions of the floor driving devices 612 of the adjacent floor excavating devices 52 are symmetrically arranged in the two side directions, as shown in fig. 6, in the cross-sectional view, the floor chain knives 7B of the adjacent floor excavating devices 52 are staggered to form a fork shape, and two lifting beams are arranged between the two floor chain knives 7B on the left and right sides of the fork shape; in the position interval of the bottom plate driving device 612, the bottom plate chain knife 7B is arranged at the upper part of the lifting beam, the lifting beam is provided with a connecting rod to be connected with the building 1, in the position interval of the non-bottom plate driving device 612, the bottom plate chain knife 7B is arranged at the lower part of the lifting beam, and the lifting beam is connected with the steel strand lifting jack 31A at the upper part.

When the chain cutter 7 excavates rock soil, different geological conditions are met by controlling the descending speed of the hanging device 31, and when the cutter 72 is worn, the cutter is replaced at the top.

During the sinking construction of the building 1, the mud protection wall prevents the soil outside the upper vertical wall 2X2 from collapsing; the building 1 can sink in sections in the height direction.

In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "front", "rear", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, rather than to indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore, should not be taken as limiting, and it should be noted that the terms "mounted" and "connected" are intended to be broadly construed, and include, for example, either fixed or removable connections, or integrally formed, mechanically connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and the specific meaning of the terms in the present application can be understood through specific situations.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (9)

1. A sinking construction device for a cast-in-place underground building is characterized in that the underground building (1) comprises an outer wall (2), a top plate (11), a bottom plate (12) and a construction device (3), the outer wall (2) comprises a longitudinal wall (2X) and a transverse wall (2Y), the longitudinal wall (2X) comprises a lower longitudinal wall (2X 1) and an upper longitudinal wall (2X 2), the longitudinal wall (2X) comprises a lower longitudinal wall (2X 1) and an upper longitudinal wall (2X 2), the bottom of the lower longitudinal wall (2X 1) is lower than the bottom plate (12), the bottom plate (12) is vertically fixed on the side edge of the lower longitudinal wall (2X 1), and the upper longitudinal wall (2X 2) is positioned above the bottom plate (12); the construction device (3) comprises a pouring device (4), an excavating device (5) and a hanging device (31) located at the top of the building (1), the excavating device (5) comprises an outer wall excavating device (51) and a bottom plate excavating device (52), the outer wall excavating device (51) excavates rock soil at the bottom of the outer wall (2), the bottom plate excavating device (52) excavates rock soil at the bottom of the bottom plate (12), the outer wall excavating device (51) and the bottom plate excavating device (52) comprise a chain cutter excavating device (6), the chain cutter excavating device (6) comprises a chain cutter (7) and a driving device (61), and the chain cutter (7) comprises a chain (71) and a cutter (72) installed on the chain (71); the chain cutter (7) comprises an outer wall chain cutter (7A) in an outer wall excavating device (51) and a bottom plate chain cutter (7B) in a bottom plate excavating device (52), the bottom plate chain cutter (7B) is transversely arranged and forms an angle of 90 degrees with the outer wall chain cutter (7A), the driving device (61) comprises an outer wall driving device (611) and a bottom plate driving device (612), the outer wall driving device (611) is installed above the outer wall (2), the bottom plate driving device (612) is installed above a sinking part of the building (1), the outer wall chain cutter (7A) envelopes the outer wall (2) from the top of the sinking part of the building (1), and the bottom plate chain cutter (7B) envelopes the bottom plate (12) from the top of the sinking part of the building (1); the upper part of the lower longitudinal wall (2X 1) comprises holes (2X 11) which are staggered up and down, a bottom plate chain knife (7B) envelopes the whole section of the sinking part of the building (1) through the holes (2X 11), and the thickness of the lower longitudinal wall (2X 1) is more than or equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the upper longitudinal wall (2X 2) and the chain knife (7); the building (1) is poured on the ground in the full length through the pouring device (4), the building (1) is in a suspended state through the hanging device (31), the driving device (61) is started, chain cutters (7) at the bottoms of the outer wall (2) and the bottom plate (12) excavate the rock soil, the excavated rock soil is brought to the upper side by the chain cutters (7) which run from bottom to top, the sinking operation of the building (1) is realized, the building (1) sinks to a set depth, and the chain cutters (7) are pulled out to complete subsequent construction until all construction of the building (1) is completed.

2. A sinking construction unit for a cast-in-place underground building according to claim 2, wherein the building (1) is sunk to a predetermined depth, and is in a critical state when buoyancy of underground water to the building (1) and friction of rock soil to the building (1) are equal to the self weight of the building (1) including the excavating means (5), and the building (1) is always in a suspended state during sinking by applying weight to the building (1).

3. A sinking construction unit for a cast-in-place underground structure according to claim 3, wherein the cutter chain (7) comprises a chain plate (73), the chain plate (73) is installed on the chain (71), and the cutter (72) is installed on the chain plate (73).

4. A sinking construction unit for a cast-in-place underground building according to claim 4, wherein the chain cutter (7) comprises a plurality of sets of tapered chain cutters (8), the cutters (72) of the chain cutters (8) comprise a head cutter (81) at the front end, a middle cutter (82) at the middle end and a scraping blade (83) at the rear end, the head cutter (81) comprises a long cutter (811), the middle cutter (82) comprises two short cutters (821), the height of the scraping blade (83) is slightly lower than the height of the head cutter (81) and the middle cutter (82), the head cutter (81) and the middle cutter (82) excavate the rock soil, and the scraping blade (83) brings the excavated rock soil to the front.

5. A sinking construction unit for a cast-in-place underground building according to claim 5, wherein the suspending means (31) comprises a plurality of twisted wire elevating jacks (31A), the plurality of twisted wire elevating jacks (31A) are synchronously and slowly elevated, and the building (1) is suspended and is not easily deviated due to its own weight.

6. A sinking construction unit for a cast-in-place underground structure according to claim 6, wherein the chain cutter (7) is adapted to meet different geological conditions by controlling a descending speed of the hanger (31) when excavating the soil, and is replaced at the top when the cutter (72) is worn.

7. A sinking construction unit for a cast-in-place underground structure according to claim 7, wherein the structure (1) prevents the soil outside the upper vertical wall (2X 2) from collapsing by mud-protecting the wall during the sinking construction.

8. A sinking construction unit for a cast-in-place underground building according to claim 8, wherein the building (1) can be sunk sectionally in a height direction.

9. A sinking construction unit for a cast-in-place underground building according to claim 6, wherein the building (1) is constructed to be sunk in an initial stage by generating buoyancy by filling water to balance the weight of the building (1) itself in a suspended state.

Images