CN113846692A - Sinking construction device for cast-in-place underground building - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a sinking construction device for a cast-in-place underground building, which relates to the technical field of underground building construction, wherein the underground building comprises an outer wall, a top plate and a bottom plate, the outer wall comprises a longitudinal wall and a transverse wall, the construction device comprises a pouring device, an excavating device and a hanging device positioned at the top of the building, the excavating device excavates rock soil at the bottom of the bottom plate, the excavating device comprises a chain cutter and a driving device, the chain cutter comprises a chain and a cutter arranged on the chain, the driving device is arranged above the bottom plate, the longitudinal wall comprises holes which are staggered up and down above the bottom plate, the chain cutter envelopes the bottom plate through the holes, and the longitudinal wall comprises a lower longitudinal wall positioned below the holes and an upper longitudinal wall positioned above the holes; according to the technical scheme, correction is not needed, the power of the driving device is small, the tension of the chain is small, and the chain is not easy to break; the descending speed is controllable; the hanging device is convenient to hoist the building; when the sectional construction is carried out in the height direction, one section sinks, and the chain cutter does not need to be disconnected and the driving device does not need to be detached.

Description

Sinking construction device for cast-in-place underground building

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of underground building construction, in particular to a sinking construction device for a cast-in-place underground building.

Background

The existing large-scale underground building is constructed by an open cut method commonly used, the open cut method needs to firstly cut a foundation pit for supporting, then pour or assemble the underground building in the foundation pit, needs to make temporary supporting and precipitation of the foundation pit, and has long construction period and high construction cost; at present, the chain cutter is adopted to excavate the rock soil at the bottom, the whole sinking technical scheme is adopted, and the sinking construction without a hanging device has the following defects because the self load of an underground building is too heavy: the inclination and the deviation are easy to generate, a deviation rectifying device needs to be additionally arranged when the device sinks, and once the deviation is generated, the deviation rectification is difficult to realize; the large load is pressed on the bottom chain cutter, so that the power of the driving device is too large, and the chain cutter is easy to break; the descent speed is difficult to control; the cutter feeding amount of the bottom chain cutter is out of control, so that the cutter is easily damaged; to this end we propose a sinking construction device for cast-in-place underground buildings to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention has been made keeping in mind the above problems occurring in the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a sinking construction apparatus for a cast-in-place type underground structure, which solves the above problems occurring in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the underground building comprises an outer wall, a top plate and a bottom plate, the outer wall comprises a longitudinal wall and a transverse wall, the construction device comprises a pouring device, an excavating device and a hanging device positioned at the top of the building, the excavating device excavates rock soil at the bottom of the bottom plate, the excavating device comprises a chain cutter and a driving device, the chain cutter comprises a chain and a cutter arranged on the chain, the driving device is arranged above the bottom plate, the longitudinal wall comprises holes which are staggered up and down above the bottom plate, the chain cutter envelopes the bottom plate through the holes, the longitudinal wall comprises a lower longitudinal wall positioned below the holes and an upper longitudinal wall positioned above the holes, and the thickness of the upper longitudinal wall is smaller than or equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the lower longitudinal wall and the chain cutter; the building is poured on the ground in a segmented mode in the length direction through the pouring device, the hanging device is used for enabling the building to be in a hanging state, the driving device is started, the chain cutter at the bottom of the bottom plate excavates rock soil, the chain cutter running from bottom to top brings the excavated rock soil to the upper portion of the bottom plate in the building, sinking operation of the building is achieved, the building sinks to a set depth, the chain cutter is pulled out, follow-up construction is completed, and the whole construction of the building is completed.

As a further scheme of the invention: the hole is provided with a blade plate and an inclined plane, and when the chain cutter carries rock soil larger than the gap between the hole and the chain cutter, the rock soil is crushed by the blade plate at the inlet or extruded to the outer side of the longitudinal wall by the inclined plane.

As a further scheme of the invention: the building sinks to a set depth, and when the buoyancy of underground water to the building and the friction of rock soil to the building are equal to the dead weight of the building including the excavating device, the building is in a critical state, and the building is always in a suspension state in the sinking process by weighting the building.

As a further scheme of the invention: the chain knife comprises a chain plate, the chain plate is arranged on the chain, and the knife is arranged on the chain plate.

As a further scheme of the invention: the chain cutter comprises a plurality of groups of tapered strip chain cutters, the cutters in the strip chain cutters comprise head cutters positioned at the front ends, middle cutters positioned in the middle and scraping plates positioned at the tail ends, the head cutters comprise long cutters, the middle cutters comprise two short cutters, the height of the scraping plates is slightly lower than that of the head cutters and the middle cutters, the head cutters and the middle cutters excavate rock soil, and the excavated rock soil is brought to the front by the scraping plates.

As a further scheme of the invention: the hanging device comprises steel strand lifting jacks, the steel strand lifting jacks synchronously and slowly lift, and the building sinks under the hanging state and is difficult to deviate due to the huge dead weight of the building.

As a further scheme of the invention: when the chain cutter is used for excavating rock soil, different geological conditions are met by controlling the descending speed of the hanging device, and when the chain cutter is worn, the chain cutter is replaced inside a building.

As a further scheme of the invention: the excavating device comprises a hydraulic flushing device and a hydraulic unearthing device, the excavated rock soil is separated from the chain cutter through the hydraulic flushing device, and the mud-water mixture separated from the chain cutter is sent out through the hydraulic unearthing device.

As a further scheme of the invention: the upper hole is set at a specific height, and the bottom of the building generates set buoyancy in the sinking process.

Compared with the prior art, the technology adopts the hanging device, the dead weight of the underground building is balanced by the hanging device, and the invention has the beneficial effects that: because the underground building is extremely heavy and cannot deviate, a deviation rectifying device is not needed; the dead weight of the underground building is not pressed on the chain cutter, so that the power of the driving device is small, the tension of the chain is small, and the chain is not easy to break; the descending speed is controllable; different geological conditions can be adapted by controlling the amount of feed.

This technique has adopted excavating gear's chain sword to circulate in the bottom of building, and the chain sword need not move to the top, has following advantage: the top of the hanging device is not provided with an enveloping chain cutter, so that the hanging device can be used for conveniently hanging a building; particularly, when the construction is performed in a sectional manner in the height direction, the construction body can be directly poured on the upper part of the building without disconnecting the chain cutter and dismantling the driving device.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a building 1 which is enveloped with chain cutters 7 at the bottom, a hanging device 6 suspends the building 1, a bottom excavating device 5 excavates soil at the bottom, and the building 1 begins to sink under the cooperation of a construction device 3;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of a structure in which the bottom plate 12 of the building 1 is sunk into the ground, the building 1 is also cast in sections in the height direction, and the top plate 11 is cast on the top of the outer wall 2 and then sinks;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the longitudinal wall 2X and the bottom plate 12 fully covered with the running track of the chain cutter 7, in which the longitudinal wall 2X is also provided with holes 2X1 which are staggered up and down, and the chain cutter 7 forms a closed loop through the holes 2X1 of the longitudinal walls 21 on the left and right sides;

FIG. 4 shows three chains 71 integrally connected by a chain plate 73, a knife 72 is installed on the chain plate 73, the knife 72 can be a hob or a cutter, the chain plate 73 fixes the chains 71 at certain intervals, and the chain plates 73 can also be densely distributed on the chains 71;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a strip-shaped chain cutter 8, wherein a chain 71 can be a common chain, and can also be a ring chain, a die-forged chain or a steel rope, and the strip structure is a steel strip;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the bottom plate 12 and a part of the outer wall 2 which have been sunk to the ground, and concrete is poured on the ground by the formwork through the pouring device 4 to complete the pouring of the outer wall 2;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydraulic flushing device 52 and the hydraulic unearthing device 53 for separating the rock and soil of the chain cutter 7;

FIG. 1 is a building; 2 is an outer wall; 11 is a top plate; 12 is a base plate; 2X is a vertical wall; 2X1 is a well; 2X11 is a blade plate, which is a metal plate arranged above the hole 2X1 on the outer wall 2 through which the chain knife 7 passes and is provided with a cutting edge and can crush the rocks brought by the chain knife 7; 2X2 is lower vertical wall; 2X12 is a bevel; 2X3 is upper vertical wall; 2Y is a transverse wall; 3 is a construction device; 4, a pouring device; 5 is an excavating device; 51 is a driving device; 6 is a hanging device; 7 is a chain cutter; 71 is a chain; 72 is a knife; 73 is a link plate; 8 is a strip chain cutter; 81 is a nose knife at the front end; 811 is a long knife; 82 is located in the middle; 821 is a short knife; 83 is a flight at the trailing end.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 7, in the embodiment of the present invention, a building 1 located underground includes an outer wall 2, a top plate 11 and a bottom plate 12, the outer wall 2 includes a longitudinal wall 2X and a transverse wall 2Y, a construction device 3 includes a pouring device 4, an excavating device 5 and a hanging device 6 located at the top of the building 1, the excavating device 5 excavates rock soil at the bottom of the bottom plate 12, the excavating device 5 includes a chain cutter 7 and a driving device 51, the chain cutter 7 includes a chain 71 and a cutter 72 mounted on the chain 71, the driving device 51 is mounted above the bottom plate 12, the longitudinal wall 2X includes a hole 2X1 located above the bottom plate 12 and staggered up and down, the chain cutter 7 envelops the bottom plate 12 through a hole 2X1, the longitudinal wall 2X includes a lower longitudinal wall 2X2 located below the hole 2X1 and an upper longitudinal wall 2X3 located above the hole 2X1, and the thickness of the upper longitudinal wall 2X3 is less than or equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the lower longitudinal wall 2X2 and the chain cutter 7; the building 1 is poured on the ground in sections according to the length direction through the pouring device 4, the hanging device 6 is used for enabling the building 1 to be in a hanging state, the driving device 51 is started, the chain cutter 7 at the bottom of the bottom plate 12 excavates rock soil, the chain cutter 7 running from bottom to top brings the excavated rock soil to the upper portion of the bottom plate 12 in the building 1, sinking operation of the building 1 is achieved, the building 1 sinks to a set depth, the chain cutter 7 is extracted, and then follow-up construction is completed until all construction of the building 1 is completed.

The building 1 is cast in sections on the ground according to the length direction through the casting device 4, which means that the structural body of the building 1 is cast in sections, a complete cross section is formed in the horizontal direction, then sinking construction is performed, the building 1 is constructed in sections in the height direction, casting is completed for one section, maintenance is performed to set strength, the building 1 is sunk to a set depth through the construction device 3, and the process is circulated until the casting and sinking operation of the whole building 1 is completed.

As shown in fig. 3 and 6, the hole 2X1 is provided with a blade plate 2X11 and an inclined surface 2X12 at the entrance of the chain knife 7, and when the chain knife 7 carries rock soil larger than the gap between the hole 2X1 and the chain knife 7, such as cobbles or boulders, the rock soil is crushed by the entrance blade plate 2X11 or crushed to the outer side of the longitudinal wall 2X by the inclined surface 2X 12.

It should be noted that the blade plate 2X11 is a metal plate provided above the hole 2X1 on the outer wall 2 and through which the chain knife 7 passes, and has a cutting edge, which can crush the rock brought in by the chain knife 7; the inclined plane 2X12 is an inclined track when the chain cutter 7 enters the hole 2X1, and when the chain cutter 7 passes through the area, the cutter 72 will be angularly deflected, and a large rock soil part carried by the cutter 72 will be extruded to the outer side of the longitudinal wall 2X.

The building 1 sinks to a set depth, and is in a critical state when the buoyancy of underground water to the building 1 and the friction of rock soil to the building 1 are equal to the self weight of the building 1 including the excavating device 5, and the building 1 is always in a suspended state in the process of sinking by adding weight to the building 1, for example, pouring water into the building 1.

The upper hole 2X1 is set at a specific height, so that the bottom of the building 1 generates a set buoyancy in the sinking process, and the sum of the buoyancy and the upward pulling force of the hanging device 6 is balanced with the self weight of the building 1.

As shown in fig. 4, the chain blade 7 includes a link plate 73, the link plate 73 is mounted on the chain 71, and the blade 72 is mounted on the link plate 73; the three chains are fixedly connected into a whole through a chain plate 73, the cutter 72 is arranged on the chain plate 73, the cutter 72 can adopt a hobbing cutter or a gear cutting cutter, the chain plate 73 fixes the chain 73 at certain intervals, and the chain plate 73 can also be densely distributed on the chain 73.

As shown in fig. 5, the chain blade 7 includes a plurality of sets of tapered chain blades 8, the blades 82 of the chain blades 8 include a head blade 81 at the front end, a middle blade 82 at the middle end, and a scraper blade 83 at the rear end, the head blade 81 includes a long blade 811, the middle blade 82 includes two short blades 821, the height of the scraper blade 83 is slightly lower than the height of the head blade 81 and the middle blade 82, the head blade 81 and the middle blade 82 excavate the earth, and the scraper blade 83 brings the excavated earth to the front.

It should be noted that: the number of chains 71 of the chain cutter 7 is configured according to the required load, and a corresponding number of guide rails are arranged on the bottom plate 12 and the left and right lower longitudinal walls 2X2 of the building 1; the cutters 72 can adopt hobbing cutters or tooth cutting cutters, chain plates 73 are fixed on the chains 71 at certain intervals, and the chain plates 73 can also be densely distributed on the chains 71; the chain 71 can be a common chain, or can be a loop chain, a die-forged chain or a steel rope, and the chain structure in fig. 5 is a steel belt; the strip-shaped chain knives 8 are arranged such that the width of each group of chain knives is B, the pitch of the chain is T, n middle knives 82 are provided, the length of the short knife 821 is a, then the length of the long knife 811 is 2a, B = (2n +1) a, and the length of each group of strip-shaped chain knives 8 is equal to (n +2) T, so that the length of the knife 82 on each chain plate 83 is equal.

Hanging device 6 include steel strand wires lifting jack 6A, steel strand wires hydraulic lifting jack 6A goes up and down slowly in step, steel strand wires hydraulic lifting jack 6A adopts the hydraulic lifting jack of punch-through structure as the elevating gear, the wedge ground tackle at hydraulic lifting jack both ends has one-way self-locking effect, when ground tackle work is tight, can lock the steel strand wires automatically, when the ground tackle is out of work pine, release the steel strand wires, the steel strand wires can move from top to bottom, can make building 1 wholly sink in step under the suspension state, because its self huge dead weight, be difficult to produce the skew, need not set up other deviation correcting device.

When the chain cutter 7 excavates rock soil, different geological conditions are met by controlling the descending speed of the hanging device 6, and when the cutter 72 is worn, the cutter is replaced in the building 1; the cutting speed of the excavating device 5 for excavating the rock soil is controlled by controlling the running speed of the chain cutter 7, and when encountering cobblestones and boulders, the cobblestones and boulders are scraped by the cutter 72 at an extremely slow descending speed.

As shown in fig. 6, the hydraulic flushing devices 52 are arranged above and below the chain cutters 7, the hydraulic flushing devices 52 are arranged along the longitudinal direction, a spray head is arranged at each chain cutter position to flush the chain cutters 7, rock soil on the chain cutters 7 is flushed and dropped to a collecting system at the bottom, a mud-water mixture collected at the bottom is pumped to a ground mud-water sedimentation tank outside the building 1 through a pump station of the hydraulic unearthing device 53 to be precipitated and separated from mud water, a conveying pipeline of the hydraulic unearthing device 53 is arranged in the transverse wall 2Y or in a gap between the vertically staggered chain cutters, extends to the top from a mud-water collecting position at the bottom, and is communicated with the ground mud-water sedimentation tank.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "front", "rear", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, only for the convenience of description of the present invention and for simplicity of description, rather than to indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore, the present invention should not be construed as being limited thereto, and it should be noted that the terms "mounted" and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, for example, as being able to be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed, mechanically connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate, and the specific meaning of the terms in the invention can be understood through specific situations.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (9)

1. A sinking construction device for a cast-in-place underground building is characterized in that the underground building (1) comprises an outer wall (2), a top plate (11) and a bottom plate (12), the outer wall (2) comprises a longitudinal wall (2X) and a transverse wall (2Y), a construction device (3) comprises a pouring device (4), an excavating device (5) and a hanging device (6) arranged at the top of the building (1), the excavating device (5) excavates rock soil at the bottom of the bottom plate (12), the excavating device (5) comprises a chain cutter (7) and a driving device (51), the chain cutter (7) comprises a chain (71) and a cutter (72) arranged on the chain (71), the driving device (51) is arranged above the bottom plate (12), the longitudinal wall (2X) comprises holes (2X 1) which are vertically staggered above the bottom plate (12), and the chain cutter (7) envelops the bottom plate (12) through the holes (2X 1), the longitudinal wall (2X) comprises a lower longitudinal wall (2X 2) positioned below the hole (2X 1) and an upper longitudinal wall (2X 3) positioned above the hole (2X 1), and the thickness of the upper longitudinal wall (2X 3) is less than or equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the lower longitudinal wall (2X 2) and the chain cutter (7); the building (1) is poured on the ground in sections according to the length direction through the pouring device (4), the building (1) is in a suspended state through the hanging device (6), the driving device (51) is started, the chain cutter (7) at the bottom of the bottom plate (12) excavates rock soil, the chain cutter (7) running from bottom to top brings the excavated rock soil to the upper portion of the bottom plate (12) in the building (1), sinking operation of the building (1) is achieved, the building (1) sinks to a set depth, the chain cutter (7) is pulled out, and subsequent construction is completed until all construction of the building (1) is completed.

2. A sinking construction unit for a cast-in-place type underground building according to claim 1, wherein the hole (2X 1) is provided with a blade plate (2X 11) and a slant surface (2X 12) which are crushed by the entrance blade plate (2X 11) or crushed by the slant surface (2X 12) to the outside of the vertical wall (2X) when the chain cutter (7) carries rock soil larger than the gap between the hole (2X 1) and the chain cutter (7).

3. A sinking construction unit for a cast-in-place underground building according to claim 2, wherein the building (1) is sunk to a predetermined depth, and is in a critical state when buoyancy of underground water to the building (1) and friction of rock soil to the building (1) are equal to the self weight of the building (1) including the excavating means (5), and the building (1) is always in a suspended state during sinking by applying weight to the building (1).

4. A sinking construction unit for a cast-in-place underground structure according to claim 3, wherein the cutter chain (7) comprises a chain plate (73), the chain plate (73) is installed on the chain (71), and the cutter (72) is installed on the chain plate (73).

5. A sinking construction unit for a cast-in-place underground building according to claim 4, wherein the chain cutter (7) comprises a plurality of sets of tapered chain cutters (8), the cutters (72) of the chain cutters (8) comprise a head cutter (81) at the front end, a middle cutter (82) at the middle end and a scraping blade (83) at the rear end, the head cutter (81) comprises a long cutter (811), the middle cutter (82) comprises two short cutters (821), the height of the scraping blade (83) is slightly lower than the height of the head cutter (81) and the middle cutter (82), the head cutter (81) and the middle cutter (82) excavate the rock soil, and the scraping blade (83) brings the excavated rock soil to the front.

6. A sinking construction unit for a cast-in-place underground building according to claim 5, wherein the suspending means (6) comprises a plurality of twisted steel elevating jacks (6A), the plurality of twisted steel elevating jacks (6A) are synchronously and slowly elevated, and the building (1) is suspended and is difficult to be deviated due to its own weight.

7. A sinking construction unit for a cast-in-place underground building according to claim 6, wherein the chain cutter (7) is adapted to meet different geological conditions by controlling the lowering speed of the hanger (6) when excavating the soil, and is replaced inside the building (1) when the cutter (72) is worn.

8. A sinking construction unit for a cast-in-place underground structure according to claim 7, wherein the excavating means (5) comprises a hydraulic washing means (52) and a hydraulic unearthing means (53), the excavated soil and soil are separated from the chain cutter (7) by the hydraulic washing means (52), and the muddy water mixture separated from the chain cutter (7) is discharged by the hydraulic unearthing means (53).

9. A sinking construction unit for a cast-in-place underground structure according to claim 1, wherein the upper hole (2X 1) is set at a specific height to generate a set buoyancy at the bottom of the structure (1) during sinking.

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