CN113846682A - Sinking construction device for cast-in-place underground building - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a sinking construction device for a cast-in-place underground building, which relates to the technical field of underground building construction.

Description

Sinking construction device for cast-in-place underground building

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of underground building construction, in particular to a sinking construction device for a cast-in-place underground building.

Background

The existing large-scale underground building is constructed by an open cut method commonly used, the open cut method needs to firstly cut a foundation pit for supporting, then pour or assemble the underground building in the foundation pit, needs to make temporary supporting and precipitation of the foundation pit, and has long construction period and high construction cost; at present, the chain cutter is adopted to excavate the rock soil at the bottom, the whole sinking technical scheme, and the sinking construction device without a hanging device has the following defects because the self load of the underground building is too heavy:

1) the inclination and the deviation are easy to generate, a deviation rectifying device needs to be additionally arranged when the device sinks, and once the deviation is generated, the deviation rectification is difficult to realize;

2) such a large load presses on the bottom chain cutter, which results in a drive with too high a power and a chain cutter that is very easily broken.

3) The rate of descent is difficult to control.

4) The feed amount of the bottom chain cutter is in an out-of-control state, so that the cutter is easily damaged.

To this end we propose a sinking construction device for cast-in-place underground buildings to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention has been made keeping in mind the above problems occurring in the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a sinking construction apparatus for a cast-in-place type underground structure, which solves the above problems occurring in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the construction device of the underground building comprises a chain cutter excavating device, a hanging device and a pouring device, wherein the chain cutter excavating device comprises a chain cutter and a chain cutter driving device, the chain cutter comprises a chain and cutters arranged on the chain, the building is poured on the full length of the ground through the pouring device, the chain cutter is transversely or longitudinally enveloped outside the cross section of the building, the hanging device is used for enabling the building to be in a hanging state, the chain cutter driving device is started, the chain cutter at the bottom of the building excavates rock soil, and the excavated rock soil is brought to the top by the chain cutter running from bottom to top, so that sinking construction of the building is achieved.

As a further scheme of the invention: the hanging device comprises steel strand hydraulic lifting jacks, and the steel strand hydraulic lifting jacks synchronously and slowly lift.

As a further scheme of the invention: the building comprises an outer wall with a chain cutter side, the outer wall comprises a lower wall and an upper wall, the lower wall comprises a vertical chain cutter hole, the chain cutter hole comprises an entrance oblique conical surface, the chain cutter passes through the hole to envelop the building, and the thickness of the lower wall is greater than the sum of the thickness of the upper wall and the thickness of the chain cutter; when the chain cutter carries rock soil larger than the gap between the lower hole and the chain cutter, the rock soil is crushed through the inclined conical surface of the inlet.

As a further scheme of the invention: the building sinks to a set depth, and when the buoyancy of underground water to the building and the friction of rock soil to the building are equal to the dead weight of the building including the chain cutter digging device, the building is in a critical state, and the building is always in a suspension state in the sinking process by weighting the building.

As a further scheme of the invention: the chain knife comprises a chain plate, the chain plate is arranged on the chain, and the knife is arranged on the chain plate.

As a further scheme of the invention: the chain cutter excavating device comprises a plurality of groups of tapered strip chain cutters, each strip chain cutter comprises a head cutter positioned at the front end, a middle cutter positioned in the middle and a scraper positioned at the tail end, each head cutter comprises a long cutter, each middle cutter comprises two short cutters, the height of each scraper is slightly lower than that of each head cutter and each middle cutter, the head cutters and the middle cutters excavate rock soil, and the excavated rock soil is brought to the front by the scrapers.

As a further scheme of the invention: when the chain cutter is used for excavating rock and soil, different geological conditions are met by controlling the descending speed of the hanging device, and when the chain cutter is worn, the chain cutter is replaced at the top.

As a further scheme of the invention: the building comprises an internal structure, the construction method of the building comprises a construction method A, a construction method B and a construction method C, the construction method A is used for constructing the internal structure after sinking, the construction method B is used for constructing the internal structure and then sinking, the construction method C is used for constructing part of the internal structure, and after sinking is carried out in place, the construction of all the internal structures is completed.

As a further scheme of the invention: the building is wholly sunk after all pouring is finished.

As a further scheme of the invention: the building comprises a lower section, a middle section and an upper section in the height direction, wherein the lower section, the middle section and the upper section are poured in sections, and the middle section is poured after the lower section sinks to a set depth; and after the middle section sinks to the set depth, pouring the upper section, and finally completing the section-by-section sinking of the building.

Compared with the prior art, this technique has adopted cable suspension device, and underground building's dead weight is balanced by cable suspension device, has following advantage:

1) because the underground building is extremely heavy and cannot deviate, a deviation rectifying device is not needed;

2) the dead weight of the underground building is not pressed on the chain cutter, so that the power of the driving device is small, the tension of the chain is small, and the chain is not easy to break;

3) the descending speed is controllable;

4) different geological conditions can be adapted by controlling the amount of feed.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a construction apparatus 2 for sinking a cast building 1;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view in which the chain blade 3 of the chain blade excavating device 21 is wrapped outside the section of the building 1, the chain blade 3 positioned at the bottom of the building 1 excavates rock soil, and the building 1 and the construction device 2 sink together;

fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the chain cutter 3 which is fully distributed in the longitudinal direction of the comprehensive pipe rack;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the hanging device 22 for synchronously and slowly lifting the building 1 by the plurality of steel strand hydraulic lifting jacks 4;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the hanging device 22 lifting the building 1 at the corner of the periphery by four steel strand hydraulic lifting jacks 4;

fig. 6 shows a chain cutter 3 comprising two chains 31, the chains 31 being connected together by a link 33, the link 33 being provided with a cutting tooth-shaped cutter 32;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a tapered strip-shaped chain cutter 5;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the structure in which the building 1 is a subway station and sinking is performed after the construction of the internal structure 6 is completed;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the casting device 23 casting the lower section 11 of the building 1;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the construction apparatus 2 such that the cast-cured lower section 11 and the middle section 12 are sunk;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of pouring the upper section 13 on the middle section 12, and then lengthening the chain cutter 3 at the upper section 13 to form a closed loop, so as to form a chain cutter excavating device 21 to sink continuously;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the lower wall 11A with a sprocket hole 11A 1;

FIG. 1 is a building; 11A is the lower wall; 11B is an upper wall, 11A1 is a chain cutter hole; 11A11 is an entrance beveled surface; 11 is the lower section; 12 is the middle section; 13 is the upper section; 2 is a construction device; 21 is a chain cutter excavating device; 211 is a chain cutter driving device; 22 is a hanging device; 23 is a casting device; 3 is a chain cutter; 31 is a chain; 32 is a knife; 33 is a link plate; 4, a steel strand hydraulic lifting jack; 5 is a strip chain cutter; 51 is a head knife; 511 is a long knife; 52 is an intermediate knife; 522 is a short knife; 53 is a squeegee; and 6 is an internal structure.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the building 1 is a utility tunnel, the construction device 2 comprises a chain cutter digging device 21, a hanging device 22 and a pouring device 23, as shown in fig. 2, the cross section of the utility tunnel is enveloped by a whole chain cutter 3, the chain cutter 3 comprises a chain 31 and a cutter 32 arranged on the chain 31, track grooves for the operation of the chain 31 are arranged on the ground and two side surfaces of the utility tunnel, the cutter 32 operates outside the building 1, the chain cutter 3 is driven by a chain cutter driving device 211, the chain cutter driving device can be powered by a motor or a hydraulic motor, the chain cutter driving device is connected with a chain wheel, the chain wheel rotates to drive the chain cutter 3 to move, as shown in fig. 3, a plurality of sets of chain cutter digging devices 21 are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the utility tunnel, the chain cutters 3 are fully distributed on the whole bottom plate of the utility tunnel, the chain cutter driving device 211 of each set of chain cutter digging device 21 is positioned on the side of the cross section of the utility tunnel, and is positioned higher than the turning fulcrum of the chain cutter on the other side, thus, the chain cutter 3 positioned at the top of the comprehensive pipe gallery has a certain inclination angle, one side is high, and the other side is low; the chain cutter driving devices 211 of the adjacent chain cutter excavating devices 21 are symmetrically arranged in the two side directions, as shown in fig. 2, in a cross sectional view, the chain cutters 3 of the adjacent chain cutter excavating devices 21 are staggered to form a fork shape, two lifting beams are arranged between the two chain cutters 3 on the left side and the right side of the fork shape, the chain cutters 3 are arranged on the upper parts of the lifting beams in the position interval of the chain cutter driving devices 211, the lifting beams are provided with connecting rods to be connected with the building 1, and the chain cutters 3 are arranged on the lower parts of the lifting beams in the position interval of the non-chain cutter driving devices 211, and the lifting beams are connected with the hanging devices 22 on the upper parts.

The comprehensive pipe gallery is in a hanging state through the hanging device 22, the chain cutter driving device 211 is started, the chain cutter 3 at the bottom of the building 1 excavates rock soil, and the excavated rock soil is brought to the upper side by the chain cutter 3 which runs from bottom to top, so that sinking construction of the building 1 is realized.

As shown in fig. 4, the building 1 is hoisted by the steel strand hydraulic lifting jack 4, the steel strand hydraulic lifting jack 4 synchronously and slowly lifts, the steel strand hydraulic lifting jack 4 adopts a core-through structure hydraulic lifter as a lifting machine tool, wedge-shaped anchors at two ends of the hydraulic lifter have a one-way self-locking function, when the anchors work tightly, the steel strands can be automatically locked, when the anchors do not work and loosen, the steel strands are released, the steel strands can move up and down, the building 1 can be ensured to integrally and synchronously sink in a hanging state, and due to the huge dead weight of the building, deviation cannot be generated, deviation rectification measures are not needed, the pressure of the building 1 on the bottom chain cutter 3 is controlled, and the feed amount of the chain cutter 3 for cutting bottom rock soil is controlled; the dead weight of the building is not pressed on the chain cutter, so the power of the driving device is small, the tension of the chain is small, and the chain is not easy to break.

When the construction apparatus 2 sinks the building 1 to a certain depth, and the buoyancy of the underground water against the building 1 and the frictional force of the rock soil against the building 1 are equal to the self weight of the building 1 including the chain cutter excavating device 21, the building 1 is in a critical state, and the building 1 is made to be in a suspended state during the sinking process by adding water to the building 1, for example.

As shown in fig. 5, the hanging device 22 is adapted to hang up the building 1 at the corner portions of the periphery thereof by the four steel strand hydraulic lifting jacks 4, and the hanging points of the building 1 are disposed outside the area covered by the cutter chain excavating device 21 without interfering with the cutter chain excavating device 21, and is adapted to the foundation of the underground building 1 having a not large plane size, such as the bottom of a pier.

The chain cutter 3 for excavating the bottom soil in the chain cutter excavating device 21 can adopt various structural forms, as shown in fig. 6, the chains 31 of the chain cutters 3 are in the form of two common roller chains, the two chains 31 are connected together through a chain plate 33, a cutter-shaped cutter 32 is mounted on the chain plate 33, the chain cutter excavating device 21 comprises a plurality of groups of strip chain cutters 5 in a conical shape, as shown in fig. 7, the cutters 32 in the strip chain cutters 5 comprise a head cutter 51 positioned at the front end, a middle cutter 52 positioned in the middle and a scraper 53 positioned at the tail end, the head cutter 51 comprises a long cutter 511, the middle cutter 52 comprises two short cutters 522, the height of the scraper 53 is slightly lower than that of the head cutter 51 and the middle cutter 52, the head cutter 51 and the middle cutter 52 excavate the soil, and the scraper 53 brings the excavated soil to the front; assuming that the width of each group of chain cutters is B, the pitch of the chain is T, n middle cutters 52 are provided, and the length of the short cutter 522 is a, the length of the long cutter 511 is 2a, B = (2n +1) a, and the length of each group of strip-shaped chain cutters 5 is equal to (n +2) T, so that the lengths of the cutters 32 for cutting rock and soil on each link plate 33 can be equal.

When the chain cutter 3 excavates rock soil, different geological conditions are met by controlling the descending speed of the hanging device 22, and when the cutter 32 is worn, the cutter is replaced at the top; when encountering cobblestones and boulders, the cobblestones and boulders are scraped by the knife 32 at an extremely slow descending speed, namely the feed amount is controlled by the steel strand hydraulic lifting jack 4 so as to adapt to different geological conditions.

As shown in fig. 8, the building 1 is a subway station, and is constructed by sinking after the completion of the construction of the entire cast structure including the internal structure 6, and the building 1 further includes a construction a method of constructing the internal structure 6 after sinking, a construction B method of constructing the internal structure 6 after completion of the construction of the internal structure 6, and a construction C method of constructing the internal structure 6 after completion of the construction of a part of the internal structure 6, and completing the construction of the entire internal structure 6 after sinking to the right place.

As shown in fig. 9 to 11, the building 1 includes a lower section 11, a middle section 12 and an upper section 13 in the height direction, the lower section 11, the middle section 12 and the upper section 13 are cast in sections, after the lower section 11 sinks to a set depth, the chain cutter 3 is disconnected, the chain cutter driving device 211 is lifted, the middle section 12 is cast, after the concrete strength of the middle section 12 reaches the construction strength, the chain cutter 3 is lengthened, the chain cutter driving device 211 is installed, the chain cutter 3 is closed, and the installation of the chain cutter excavating device 21 is completed; similarly, after the middle section 12 sinks to a set depth, the upper section 13 is poured, and finally, the section-by-section sinking of the building 1 is completed.

As shown in fig. 12, the building 1 includes an outer wall 11 on the side of the chain blade 3, the outer wall 11 includes a lower wall 11A and an upper wall 11B, the lower wall 11A includes a vertical chain blade hole 11A1, the chain blade hole 11A1 includes an entrance oblique cone 11A11, the chain blade 3 envelopes the building 1 through the hole 11A1, the thickness of the lower wall 11A1 is greater than the sum of the thickness of the upper wall 11B and the thickness of the chain blade 3; when the chain blade 3 carries rock soil larger than the gap between the lower hole 11a1 and the chain blade 3, it is crushed by the entrance beveled surface 11a 11.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "front", "rear", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, only for the convenience of description of the present invention and for simplicity of description, rather than to indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore, the present invention should not be construed as being limited thereto, and it should be noted that the terms "mounted" and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, for example, as being able to be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed, mechanically connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate, and the specific meaning of the terms in the invention can be understood through specific situations.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (10)

1. A sinking construction device for a cast-in-place underground building is characterized in that a construction device (2) of the underground building (1) comprises a chain cutter digging device (21), a hanging device (22) and a pouring device (23), the chain cutter digging device (21) comprises a chain cutter (3) and a chain cutter driving device (211), the chain cutter (3) comprises a chain (31) and a cutter (32) arranged on the chain (31), the building (1) is poured on the ground in the full length through the pouring device (23), the chain cutter (3) is transversely or longitudinally enveloped outside the section of the building (1), the building (1) is in a suspended state through the hanging device (22), the chain cutter driving device (211) is started, the chain cutter (3) at the bottom of the building (1) excavates rock soil, the chain cutter (3) running from bottom to top brings the excavated rock soil to the top, and sinking construction of the building (1) is achieved.

2. A sinking construction unit for a cast-in-place underground building according to claim 1, wherein the suspending means (22) comprises a plurality of hydraulic lifting jacks (4), the plurality of hydraulic lifting jacks (4) being synchronously and slowly lifted.

3. A sinking construction unit for an underground building according to claim 2, wherein the building (1) comprises an outer wall (11) with a chain cutter (3) side, the outer wall (11) comprises a lower wall (11A) and an upper wall (11B), the lower wall (11A) comprises a vertical chain cutter hole (11A 1), the chain cutter hole (11A 1) comprises an entrance beveled surface (11A 11), the chain cutter (3) envelopes the building (1) through the hole (11A 1), the thickness of the lower wall (11A 1) is greater than the sum of the thickness of the upper wall (11B) and the thickness of the chain cutter (3); when the chain cutter (3) carries rock soil larger than the gap between the lower hole (11A 1) and the chain cutter (3), the rock soil is crushed through the inclined conical surface (11A 11) of the inlet.

4. A sinking construction unit for a cast-in-place underground building according to claim 3, wherein the building (1) is sunk to a predetermined depth, and is in a critical state when buoyancy of underground water to the building (1) and friction of rock soil to the building (1) are equal to the self weight of the building (1) including the cutter chain excavating unit (21), and the building (1) is always in a suspended state during sinking by applying weight to the building (1).

5. A sinking construction unit for a cast-in-place underground structure according to claim 4, wherein the chain cutter (3) comprises a chain plate (33), the chain plate (33) is mounted on the chain (31), and the cutter (32) is mounted on the chain plate (33).

6. A sinking construction unit for a cast-in-place underground building according to claim 5, wherein the chain cutter excavating device (21) comprises a plurality of sets of tapered chain cutters (5), the chain cutters (5) comprise a head cutter (51) at a front end, a middle cutter (52) at a middle end and a scraping blade (53) at a rear end, the head cutter (51) comprises a long cutter (511), the middle cutter (52) comprises two short cutters (522), the height of the scraping blade (53) is slightly lower than that of the head cutter (51) and the middle cutter (52), the head cutter (51) and the middle cutter (52) excavate the rock soil, and the scraping blade (53) brings the excavated rock soil to the front.

7. A sinking construction unit for a cast-in-place underground structure according to claim 6, wherein the chain cutter (3) is adapted to meet different geological conditions by controlling a descending speed of the hanger (22) when excavating the soil, and is replaced at the top when the cutter (32) is worn.

8. A sinking construction unit for a cast-in-place underground building according to claim 7, wherein the building (1) comprises an internal structure (6), the construction method of the building (1) comprises a construction A method of constructing the internal structure (6) after sinking is completed, a construction B method of constructing the internal structure (6) after sinking is completed, and a construction C method of constructing a part of the internal structure (6) after sinking is completed, and the construction of the whole internal structure (6) is completed after sinking is completed.

9. A sinking construction unit for a cast-in-place underground structure according to claim 8, wherein the structure (1) is fully sunk after the completion of the casting.

10. A sinking construction unit for a cast-in-place underground building according to claim 8, wherein the building (1) comprises a lower section (11), a middle section (12) and an upper section (13) in a height direction, the lower section (11), the middle section (12) and the upper section (13) are cast in sections, and the middle section (12) is cast after the lower section (11) sinks to a set depth; and after the middle section (12) sinks to a set depth, pouring the upper section (13), and finally completing the section-by-section sinking of the building (1).

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