CN218667632U - Sinking construction device for bottom on-site construction of upper assembled underground building - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a construction equipment that sinks that is used for bottom site operation upper portion assembled underground building, relate to underground building construction technical field, the building that is located underground includes the outer wall, the roof, bottom plate and construction equipment, construction equipment is including pouring the device, excavating gear, be located the cable suspension device and the assembly quality at building top, excavating gear includes outer wall excavating gear and bottom plate excavating gear, the ground of outer wall bottom is excavated to the outer wall excavating gear, the ground of bottom plate excavating gear excavation bottom, outer wall excavating gear and bottom plate excavating gear include chain sword excavating gear, the chain sword is including bottom plate chain sword among outer wall chain sword and the bottom plate excavating gear among the outer wall excavating gear, the longitudinal wall is including the lower longitudinal wall that is located the bottom plate below, the last longitudinal wall of well longitudinal wall and last hole top between last hole and the lower hole, the building is including the bottom of site operation and the upper portion of assembled, the bottom is pour at ground full length through pouring the device, the full length assembly on upper portion is accomplished to the top of bottom through the assembly quality.

Description

Sinking construction device for bottom on-site construction of upper assembled underground building

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an underground construction technical field specifically is a construction equipment that sinks that is used for bottom site operation upper portion assembled underground building.

Background

The existing large-scale underground building is constructed by an open cut method commonly used, the open cut method needs to firstly cut a foundation pit for supporting, then pour or assemble the underground building in the foundation pit, needs to make temporary supporting and precipitation of the foundation pit, and has long construction period and high construction cost; at present, the chain cutter is adopted to excavate the rock soil at the bottom, the whole sinking technical scheme, and the sinking construction device without a hanging device has the following defects because the self load of the underground building is too heavy: the inclination and the deviation are easy to generate, a deviation rectifying device needs to be additionally arranged when the device sinks, and once the deviation is generated, the deviation rectification is difficult to realize; the large load is pressed on the bottom chain cutter, so that the power of the driving device is too large, and the chain cutter is easy to break; the descent speed is difficult to control; the feed amount of the bottom chain cutter is in an out-of-control state, so that the cutter is easily damaged.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the problem that exists among the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a construction equipment that sinks that is used for bottom site operation upper portion assembled underground building, solve the problem that mentions in the above-mentioned background art.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following technical scheme: the underground building comprises an outer wall, a top plate, a bottom plate and a construction device, wherein the outer wall comprises a longitudinal wall and a transverse wall, the construction device comprises a pouring device, an excavating device, a hanging device and an assembling device, the hanging device and the assembling device are positioned at the top of the building, the excavating device comprises an outer wall excavating device and a bottom plate excavating device, the outer wall excavating device excavates rock soil at the bottom of the outer wall, the bottom plate excavating device excavates rock soil at the bottom of the bottom plate, the outer wall excavating device and the bottom plate excavating device comprise chain cutter excavating devices, each chain cutter excavating device comprises a chain cutter and a driving device, and each chain cutter comprises a chain and a cutter arranged on the chain; the chain cutter comprises an outer wall chain cutter in the outer wall excavating device and a bottom plate chain cutter in the bottom plate excavating device, the bottom plate chain cutter is transversely arranged and forms an angle with the longitudinal wall chain cutter, the driving device comprises an outer wall driving device and a bottom plate driving device, the outer wall driving device is installed above the outer wall, the bottom plate driving device is installed above the bottom plate, and the outer wall chain cutter is enveloped with the outer wall from the top of a sinking part of the building; the longitudinal wall comprises an upper hole and a lower hole, the upper hole is positioned above the bottom plate, the lower hole is close to the lower part of the bottom plate, the bottom plate chain cutter envelopes the bottom plate through the upper hole and the lower hole, the longitudinal wall comprises a lower longitudinal wall positioned below the bottom plate, a middle longitudinal wall between the upper hole and the lower hole and an upper longitudinal wall above the upper hole, the thickness of the middle longitudinal wall is smaller than or equal to the thickness difference of the lower longitudinal wall minus the thickness of the chain cutter, and the thickness of the upper longitudinal wall is smaller than or equal to the thickness of the lower longitudinal wall; the building comprises a bottom and an assembled upper portion which are constructed on site, the bottom is cast on the ground in full length through a casting device, the full-length assembly of the upper portion is completed above the bottom through an assembly device, the building is in a suspended state through a hanging device, a driving device is started, chain cutters at the bottoms of an outer wall and a bottom plate excavate rock soil, the excavated rock soil is brought to the upper side by the chain cutters which run from bottom to top, the sinking operation of the building is realized, the building sinks to a set depth, the chain cutters are drawn out, and the follow-up construction is completed until all construction of the building is completed.

As a further aspect of the present invention: the assembling device comprises a tensioning device, and the upper part of the assembling device comprises a plurality of middle plate modules, a top plate module, a side wall module and an end wall module.

As a further aspect of the present invention: the lower hole in the longitudinal wall comprises an inlet blade plate, and when the bottom plate chain cutter carries rock soil larger than the gap between the lower hole and the bottom plate chain cutter, the rock soil is crushed through the inlet blade plate.

As a further aspect of the present invention: the building sinks to a set depth, and is in a critical state when the buoyancy of underground water to the building and the friction of rock soil to the building are equal to the dead weight of the building including the excavating device, and the building is always in a suspended state in the sinking process by adding weight to the building.

As a further aspect of the present invention: the chain sword include the link joint, the link joint is installed on the chain, the sword is installed on the link joint, the chain sword comprises a plurality of groups strip chain sword that is the taper, sword among the strip chain sword is including the head sword that is located the front end, the middle sword that is located the centre and the scraper blade that is located the tail end, the head sword includes a long sword, middle sword includes two short knives, the height that highly is less than head sword and middle sword of scraper blade, head sword and middle sword excavate the ground, the ground that the scraper blade will excavate is taken to the place ahead.

As a further aspect of the present invention: the hanging device comprises steel strand lifting jacks, the steel strand lifting jacks synchronously and slowly lift, and the building sinks under a hanging state.

As a further aspect of the present invention: when the chain cutter is used for excavating rock soil, different geological conditions are met by controlling the descending speed of the hanging device, and when the chain cutter is worn, the chain cutter is replaced inside a building.

As a further aspect of the present invention: the building is characterized in that after the bottom of the building sinks to a set depth, the building is assembled with the upper part, wherein the upper part comprises a lower section, a middle section and an upper section, and after the lower section sinks to the set depth, the building is assembled with the middle section; and after the middle section sinks to the set depth, assembling the upper section, and finally completing the section-by-section sinking of the building.

As a further aspect of the present invention: in the initial sinking construction of the building, the building generates buoyancy by water filling so as to balance the self weight of the building in a suspension state.

To sum up, the utility model discloses the scheme has adopted excavating gear's chain sword at the bottom circulation of building, and the chain sword need not move to the top, has following advantage: the top of the hanging device is not provided with an enveloping chain cutter, so that the hanging device can conveniently hoist the building; particularly, when the construction is performed in a sectional manner in the height direction, the assembly operation can be directly performed on the upper part of the building without disconnecting the chain cutter and removing the driving device.

The utility model discloses the scheme is through bottom component cast in situ, increases the intensity and the integrality of substructure, and upper portion adopts the assembled structure, improves the construction speed that building ground was built, and the environment of job site can be improved in the modularization assembly construction.

The utility model discloses the scheme has adopted cable suspension device, and the dead weight of underground building is balanced by cable suspension device, has following advantage: because the underground building is extremely heavy and cannot deviate, a deviation rectifying device is not needed; the dead weight of the underground building is not pressed on the chain cutter, so that the power of the driving device is small, the tension of the chain is small, and the chain is not easy to break; the descending speed is controllable; different geological conditions can be adapted by controlling the amount of feed.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view showing that the excavating device 5 of the construction device 3 is assembled on the building 1, and the top hanging device 31 is used for hanging the building 1 by a steel strand lifting jack 31A to start sinking construction;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a bottom plate chain cutter 7B enveloping the whole bottom plate 12 through an upper hole 2XA and a lower hole 2XB, and an outer wall chain cutter 7A enveloping an outer wall 2 from the top of a sunken part of the building 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the external wall driving device 611 driving the external wall chain cutter 7A to excavate rock soil at the bottom of the longitudinal wall 2X, and the bottom plate driving device 612 driving the bottom plate chain cutter 7B to excavate rock soil below the bottom plate 12;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the pouring device 4 for constructing the bottom 1A;

FIG. 5 is a side wall module 1BC and an end wall module 1BD which are hoisted by a hoisting device 31 and are all connected and fixed by a bolt and nut pair;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating that the hanging device 31 hangs all the middle plate modules 1BA and inserts steel strands, and the tensioning device 321 tensions and anchors the steel strands by using a tensioning method to connect the middle plate modules 1BA into a whole;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the middle plate module 1BA, the side wall module 1BC and the end wall module 1BD connected together by bolts and nuts;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view showing that all roof modules 1BB are suspended by the suspending device 31, and the steel strands are inserted, tensioned and anchored;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the side wall module 1BC and the end wall module 1BD at the bottom layer and the bottom of the top plate module 1BB integrally connected by a bolt-nut pair;

fig. 10 is a schematic view of a part i of fig. 9 enlarged, in which a middle plate module 1BA covers a side wall module 1BC at the bottom layer, and is connected and fixed by a bolt and nut pair, and a concave-convex embedded interface is arranged in the middle to increase the connection strength and the waterproof effect;

fig. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the chain knife 7 including two chains 71, and the structure of the knife 72 mounted on the link plate 73;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the strip-shaped chain blade 8, and is also a schematic structural view of the strip-shaped chain blade 8 adopting a roller chain as a chain;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural view showing that the outer wall excavating device 51 and the floor excavating device 52 are installed after the bottom 1A is poured and the concrete reaches the designed strength, so that the bottom surface of the bottom 1A sinks to a position below the ground;

fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of the lower section 1BA1 after the bottom section 1A is lowered to a set depth, the upper equipment of the outer wall excavating device 51 is removed, and the lower section is assembled;

fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of the middle section 1BA2 after the lower section 1BA1 is sunk to a set depth, the upper equipment of the outer wall excavating device 51 is removed, and then the middle section 1BA2 is assembled;

fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of the middle section 1BA2 sinking to a set depth, the upper equipment of the outer wall excavating device 51 is removed, and then the middle section 1BA3 is assembled;

FIG. 1 is a building; 11 is a top plate; 12 is a base plate; 1A is a bottom; 1BA is an upper part and comprises a lower section 1BA1, a middle section 1BA2 and an upper section 1BA3;1BA1 is the lower section; 1BA2 is the middle section; 1BA3 is the upper stage; 1B is the upper part; 1BA is a middle plate module; 1BB is a ceiling module; 1BC is a sidewall module; 1BD is a headwall module; 2 is an outer wall; 2X is a vertical wall; 2XA is the upper well; 2XB is a lower hole; 2XB1 is an inlet edge plate, is a metal plate which is arranged above the hole 2K on the outer wall 2 and through which the chain knife 7 passes and is provided with an edge and can crush the rock brought in by the chain knife 7; 2X1 is a lower vertical wall; 2X2 is a middle vertical wall; 2X3 is the upper longwall; 2Y is a transverse wall; 3 is a construction device; 31 is a hanging device; 31A is a steel strand lifting jack; 32 is an assembly device; 321 is a pulling device; 4, a pouring device; 5 is an excavating device, comprising an outer wall excavating device 51 and a bottom plate excavating device 52;51 is an exterior wall excavating device; 52 is a floor excavation means; 521 is a hydraulic flushing device; 522 is a hydraulic unearthing device; 6 is a chain cutter excavating device which comprises a chain cutter 7 and a driving device 61;61 is a driving device; 611 is an outer wall driving device; 612 is a backplane drive; 7 is a chain cutter; 71 is a chain; 72 is a knife; 73 is a link plate; 7A is an outer wall chain cutter; 7B is a bottom plate chain cutter; 7X is that the vertical wall chain cutter 8 is a strip chain cutter; 81 is a nose knife at the front end; 811 is a long knife; 82 is located in the middle; 821 is a short knife; 83 is a squeegee at the trailing end; and 9 is an internal structure.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention based on the embodiments of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 16, in an embodiment of the present invention, a building 1 located underground includes an outer wall 2, a top plate 11, a bottom plate 12 and a construction device 3, the outer wall 2 includes a longitudinal wall 2X and a transverse wall 2Y, the construction device 3 includes a pouring device 4, an excavating device 5, a hanging device 31 and an assembling device 32 located at the top of the building 1, the excavating device 5 includes an outer wall excavating device 51 and a bottom plate excavating device 52, the outer wall excavating device 51 excavates rock soil at the bottom of the outer wall 2, the bottom plate excavating device 52 excavates rock soil at the bottom of the bottom plate 12, the outer wall excavating device 51 and the bottom plate excavating device 52 include a chain cutter excavating device 6, the chain cutter excavating device 6 includes a chain cutter 7 and a driving device 61, the chain cutter 7 includes a chain 71 and a cutter 72 installed on the chain 71; the chain cutter 7 comprises an outer wall chain cutter 7A in the outer wall excavating device 51 and a bottom plate chain cutter 7B in the bottom plate excavating device 52, the bottom plate chain cutter 7B is transversely arranged and forms an angle of 90 degrees with the longitudinal wall chain cutter 7X, the driving device 61 comprises an outer wall driving device 611 and a bottom plate driving device 612, the outer wall driving device 611 is installed above the outer wall 2, the bottom plate driving device 612 is installed above the bottom plate 12, and the outer wall chain cutter 7A envelopes the outer wall 2 from the top of the sinking part of the building 1; the vertical wall 2X comprises an upper hole 2XA and a lower hole 2XB which are staggered up and down, the upper hole 2XA is positioned above the bottom plate 12, the lower hole 2XB is next to the lower part of the bottom plate 12, the bottom plate chain cutter 7B envelopes the bottom plate 12 through the upper hole 2XA and the lower hole 2XB, the vertical wall 2X comprises a lower vertical wall 2X1 positioned below the bottom plate 12, a middle vertical wall 2X2 between the upper hole 2XA and the lower hole 2XB and an upper vertical wall 2X3 positioned above the upper hole 2XA, the thickness of the middle vertical wall 2X2 is smaller than or equal to the difference of the thickness of the lower vertical wall 2X1 minus the thickness of the chain cutter 7, and the thickness of the upper vertical wall 2X3 is smaller than or equal to the thickness of the lower vertical wall 2X 1; the building 1 comprises a bottom 1A and an assembled upper portion 1B which are constructed on site, the bottom 1A is cast in the ground in the full length through a casting device 4, the assembly device 32 is used for completing the full-length assembly of the upper portion 1B above the bottom 1A, the hanging device 31 is used for enabling the building 1 to be in a hanging state, a driving device 61 is started, chain cutters 7 at the bottoms of an outer wall 2 and a bottom plate 12 dig rock soil, the chain cutters 7 which run from bottom to top bring the dug rock soil to the top, the sinking operation of the building 1 is realized, the building 1 sinks to a set depth, the chain cutters 7 are drawn out, and the subsequent construction is completed until the whole construction of the building 1 is completed.

It should be noted that: the excavated rock soil is brought into the building 1 by the bottom plate chain cutter 7B of the bottom plate excavating device 52, separated from the bottom plate chain cutter 7B by the hydraulic flushing device 521, and conveyed to the ground sedimentation tank by the muddy water mixture of the hydraulic unearthing device 522, so that the excavated rock soil is conveyed.

The assembling device 32 comprises a tensioning device 321, the upper part 1B comprises a plurality of middle plate modules 1BA, a top plate module 1BB, a side wall module 1BC and an end wall module 1BD, and the building 1 mainly comprises the following construction steps in the height direction:

1) The construction of the whole bottom 1A is completed through the pouring device 4;

2) The side wall modules 1BC at the bottom layer, the end wall modules 1BD, the side wall modules 1BC and the end wall modules 1BD are connected into a whole by a construction device 3 through bolt and nut pairs;

3) The bottom 1A and the side wall module 1BC and the bottom 1A and the end wall module 1BD are connected into a whole by bolt and nut pairs or welding;

4) All the middle plate modules 1BA are in a hanging state through the hanging device 31, the middle plate modules 1BA are connected into a whole through the tensioning device 321 by adopting a tensioning method, the middle plate modules 1BA are placed at the tops of the side wall modules 1BC and the end wall modules 1BD at the bottom layer, and the tops of the side wall modules 1BC and the end wall modules 1BD at the bottom layer are connected into a whole with the bottom of the middle plate modules 1BA by using a bolt and nut pair;

5) Completing the construction of all the middle layers except the top plate;

6) All the top plate modules 1BB are in a suspended state through the hanging device 31, the top plate modules 1BB are connected into a whole through the tensioning device 321 by adopting a tensioning method, the top plate modules 1BB are placed at the tops of the top layer side wall modules 1BC and the end wall modules 1BD, the tops of the top layer side wall modules 1BC and the ends of the end wall modules 1BD are connected into a whole with the bottoms of the top plate modules 1BB through bolt and nut pairs, and then the assembly of the building 1 is completed;

7) The hanging device 31 keeps the building 1 in a hanging state, the building 1 is driven to complete sinking construction through the digging device 5, and the chain cutter 7 is pulled out to be grouted until all construction is completed.

It should be noted that: the bottom 1A comprises a cast-in-place bottom plate, a bottommost layer and a steel structure bottom; the middle plate module 1BA and the top plate module 1BB can also be connected by adopting a bolt and nut pair without using a stretching method.

The lower hole 2XB in the longitudinal wall 2X includes an inlet blade 2XB1, and when the bottom plate chain cutter 7B carries rock soil, such as cobblestones or boulders, which is larger than the gap between the lower hole 2XB and the bottom plate chain cutter 7B, it can be crushed by the inlet blade 2XB 1.

The building 1 sinks to a set depth, and is in a critical state when the buoyancy of groundwater to the building 1 and the friction of rock soil to the building 1 are equal to the self weight of the building 1 including the excavating device 5, and the building 1 is always in a suspended state in the sinking process by adding weight to the building 1, for example, pouring water into the building 1; during initial sinking construction of the building 1, the building 1 generates buoyancy by water filling so as to balance the weight of the building 1 in a suspended state.

The chain cutter 7 comprises a chain plate 73, the chain plate 73 is arranged on a chain 71, the cutter 72 is arranged on the chain plate 73, the chain cutter 7 consists of a plurality of groups of tapered strip chain cutters 8, the cutter 72 in each strip chain cutter 8 comprises a head cutter 81 positioned at the front end, a middle cutter 82 positioned in the middle and a scraper 83 positioned at the tail end, the head cutter 81 comprises a long cutter 811, the middle cutter 82 comprises two short cutters 821, the height of the scraper 83 is slightly lower than that of the head cutter 81 and the middle cutter 82, the head cutter 81 and the middle cutter 82 excavate rock soil, and the scraper 83 brings the excavated rock soil to the front.

It should be noted that: assuming that the width of each set of chain blades is B, the pitch of the chain is T, n middle blades 82 are provided, and the length of the short blade 821 is a, the length of the long blade 811 is 2a, B =2 (n + 1) a, and the length of each set of strip-shaped chain blades 8 is equal to (n + 2) T, so that the lengths of the upper blades 72 of each link plate 73 are equal.

Hanging device 31 include steel strand wires lift jack 31A, steel strand wires lift jack 31A slowly goes up and down in step, steel strand wires lift jack 31A adopts cross-core structure hydraulic lifting mechanism as lifting machine, the wedge ground tackle at hydraulic lifting mechanism both ends has one-way self-locking effect, when ground tackle work is tight, can lock the steel strand wires automatically, when the ground tackle is out of work pine, release the steel strand wires, the steel strand wires can move from top to bottom, can ensure that building 1 sinks in step under the suspension state wholly, because its huge dead weight of self, be difficult to produce the skew, need not set up other deviation correcting device.

When the chain cutter 7 excavates rock soil, different geological conditions are met by controlling the descending speed of the hanging device 31, and when the cutter 72 is worn, the chain cutter is replaced in the building 1; when encountering cobblestones and boulders, the cobblestones and boulders are scraped by a knife (7-2) through an extremely slow descending speed.

The building 1 comprises an internal structure 9, the construction method of the building 1 comprises a construction method A, a construction method B and a construction method C, the construction method A is used for constructing the internal structure 9 after sinking, the construction method B is used for implementing sinking after the construction of the internal structure 9 is completed, the construction method C is used for implementing the construction of part of the internal structure 9, and after the implementation of sinking in place, the construction of the whole internal structure 9 is completed.

The building 1 is characterized in that after the bottom 1A sinks to a set depth, the upper part 1B is assembled, the upper part 1B comprises a lower section 1BA1, a middle section 1BA2 and an upper section 1BA3, and after the lower section 1BA1 sinks to the set depth, the middle section 1BA2 is assembled; and after the middle section 1BA2 sinks to a set depth, assembling the upper section 1BA3, and finally completing the section-by-section sinking of the building 1.

It should be noted that: after the bottom 1A sinks to a set depth, upper equipment of the outer wall excavating device 51 needs to be removed, so that the upper part 1B can be conveniently assembled, and when sinking construction is carried out again, the chain cutter 7 needs to be connected, and the outer wall excavating device 51 needs to be installed again.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "front", "back", and other indicated orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification, but not for indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation of the present invention.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment includes only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity purposes only, and it is to be understood that all embodiments may be combined as appropriate by one of ordinary skill in the art to form other embodiments as will be apparent to those of skill in the art from the description herein.

Claims (9)

1. A sinking construction device for an upper assembly type underground building constructed on site at the bottom is characterized in that the underground building (1) comprises an outer wall (2), a top plate (11), a bottom plate (12) and a construction device (3), the outer wall (2) comprises a longitudinal wall (2X) and a transverse wall (2Y), the construction device (3) comprises a pouring device (4), an excavating device (5), a hanging device (31) and an assembly device (32) which are positioned at the top of the building (1), the excavating device (5) comprises an outer wall excavating device (51) and a bottom plate excavating device (52), the outer wall excavating device (51) excavates rock soil at the bottom of the outer wall (2), the bottom plate excavating device (52) excavates rock soil at the bottom of the bottom plate (12), the outer wall excavating device (51) and the bottom plate excavating device (52) comprise a chain cutter excavating device (6), the chain cutter excavating device (6) comprises a chain cutter (7) and a driving device (61), and the chain cutter (7) comprises a chain (71) and a cutter (72) installed on the chain (71); the chain cutter (7) comprises an outer wall chain cutter (7A) in an outer wall excavating device (51) and a bottom plate chain cutter (7B) in a bottom plate excavating device (52), the bottom plate chain cutter (7B) is transversely arranged and forms an angle of 90 degrees with a longitudinal wall chain cutter (7X), the driving device (61) comprises an outer wall driving device (611) and a bottom plate driving device (612), the outer wall driving device (611) is installed above the outer wall (2), the bottom plate driving device (612) is installed above the bottom plate (12), and the top of a sunken part of the outer wall chain cutter (7A) from the building (1) is enveloped with the outer wall (2); the vertical wall (2X) comprises an upper hole (2 XA) and a lower hole (2 XB), the upper hole (2 XA) is located above the bottom plate (12), the lower hole (2 XB) is close to the lower side of the bottom plate (12), the bottom plate chain cutter (7B) envelopes the bottom plate (12) through the upper hole (2 XA) and the lower hole (2 XB), the vertical wall (2X) comprises a lower vertical wall (2X 1) located below the bottom plate (12), a middle vertical wall (2X 2) between the upper hole (2 XA) and the lower hole (2 XB) and an upper vertical wall (2X 3) above the upper hole (2 XA), the thickness of the middle vertical wall (2X 2) is smaller than or equal to the difference between the thicknesses of the chain cutters (7) and the lower vertical wall (2X 1), and the thickness of the upper vertical wall (2X 3) is smaller than or equal to the thickness of the lower vertical wall (2X 1); the building (1) comprises a bottom (1A) and an assembled upper portion (1B) which are constructed on site, the bottom (1A) is cast at the full length on the ground through a casting device (4), the upper portion (1B) is assembled at the full length above the bottom (1A) through an assembling device (32), the building (1) is in a suspension state through a hanging device (31), a driving device (61) is started, chain cutters (7) at the bottoms of an outer wall (2) and a bottom plate (12) excavate rock soil, the excavated rock soil is brought to the upper portion through the chain cutters (7) which run from bottom to top, the sinking operation of the building (1) is realized, the building (1) sinks to a set depth, and the chain cutters (7) are drawn out to complete subsequent construction until all construction of the building (1) is completed.

2. A sinking construction unit for a bottom-working above-fabricated underground structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the assembly means (32) comprises a tensioning means (321), and the upper part (1B) comprises a number of middle plate modules (1 BA), top plate modules (1 BB), side wall modules (1 BC) and end wall modules (1 BD).

3. A sinking construction unit for constructing an upper prefabricated underground building at the bottom site according to claim 2, wherein the lower hole (2 XB) of the longitudinal wall (2X) includes an entrance blade plate (2 XB 1) which is crushed by the entrance blade plate (2 XB 1) when the bottom plate cutter chain (7B) carries the soil greater than a gap between the lower hole (2 XB) and the bottom plate cutter chain (7B).

4. The sinking construction unit for the upper fabricated underground building constructed at the bottom of the site according to claim 3, wherein the building (1) is sunk to a predetermined depth, and is in a critical state when buoyancy of groundwater to the building (1) and friction of rock soil to the building (1) are equal to the self weight of the building (1) including the excavating means (5), and the building (1) is always in a suspended state during the sinking by applying weight to the building (1).

5. A sinking construction unit for a top-loading underground building for bottom field construction according to claim 4, wherein the chain cutter (7) comprises a chain plate (73), the chain plate (73) is mounted on a chain (71), the cutters (72) are mounted on the chain plate (73), the chain cutter (7) comprises a plurality of sets of tapered strip cutters (8), the cutters (72) of the strip cutters (8) comprise a head cutter (81) at a front end, a middle cutter (82) at a middle end and a scraper (83) at a rear end, the head cutter (81) comprises a long cutter (811), the middle cutter (82) comprises two short cutters (821), the height of the scraper (83) is slightly lower than that of the head cutter (81) and the middle cutter (82), the head cutter (81) and the middle cutter (82) excavate rock, and the scraper (83) brings excavated rock to the front.

6. A sinking construction unit for constructing an upper fabricated underground structure at the bottom of a building at site according to claim 5, wherein the hanging means (31) comprises a plurality of wire lifting jacks (31A), the plurality of wire lifting jacks (31A) are synchronously and slowly lifted, and the building (1) is sunk in a suspended state.

7. A sinking construction unit for constructing an upper assembled underground structure at the bottom site according to claim 6, wherein the chain cutter (7) is adapted to satisfy different geological conditions by controlling a descending speed of the hanger (31) when excavating the soil, and is replaced inside the structure (1) when the cutter (72) is worn.

8. The sinking construction unit of the upper assembled underground building for bottom in-situ construction according to claim 7, wherein the building (1) is assembled with the upper part (1B) after the bottom part (1A) is sunk to a set depth, the upper part (1B) comprises a lower section (1 BA 1), a middle section (1 BA 2) and an upper section (1 BA 3), and the lower section (1 BA 1) is sunk to a set depth and then assembled with the middle section (1 BA 2); and after the middle section (1 BA 2) sinks to a set depth, assembling the upper section (1 BA 3), and finally completing the section-by-section sinking of the building (1).

9. The sinking construction unit of the upper assembled underground building for the bottom construction in situ according to claim 6, wherein the building (1) is constructed in an initial sinking construction by generating buoyancy by filling water to balance the weight of the building (1) itself in a suspended state.

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