CN113844328A - Locking and unlocking platform for automobile, battery replacement station and battery replacement method - Google Patents
Locking and unlocking platform for automobile, battery replacement station and battery replacement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113844328A CN113844328A CN202111137740.6A CN202111137740A CN113844328A CN 113844328 A CN113844328 A CN 113844328A CN 202111137740 A CN202111137740 A CN 202111137740A CN 113844328 A CN113844328 A CN 113844328A
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- locking
- unlocking
- automobile
- lifting device
- shaft
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
- B60K2001/0455—Removal or replacement of the energy storages
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of quick assembly and disassembly of automobile battery packs, and discloses a locking and unlocking platform, a battery replacement station and a battery replacement method for an automobile. The locking and unlocking platform for the automobile comprises a protective cover, a front lifting device, a rear lifting device, a locking and unlocking mechanism and a leveling detection mechanism. Wherein the front lifting device and the rear lifting device respectively support the front wheels and the rear wheels of the automobile; the locking and unlocking mechanism is arranged on the protective cover and used for locking or unlocking the locking mechanism so as to connect or separate a battery assembly of the automobile with or from the automobile body; the leveling detection mechanism is arranged on the protective cover and used for detecting whether the vehicle body is parallel to the upper end face of the protective cover. This a locking and unlocking platform for car is provided with locking and unlocking mechanism through being provided with on the guard shield and makes the automobile body of car continue to descend after the leveling and can make the locking mechanism on the car be connected with locking and unlocking mechanism on the guard shield, makes locking or unblock convenient more, swift, trades the improvement of electric efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of quick assembly and disassembly of automobile battery packs, in particular to a locking and unlocking platform, a battery replacement station and a battery replacement method for an automobile.
Background
With the development of the electric automobile industry, the charging speed is always a difficult problem for limiting the development of the electric automobile, at present, half an hour is required for one-time quick charging, the charging speed is hardly acceptable compared with the oiling time of several minutes, and the mode of replacing a battery for the electric automobile for charging is favored by people. Therefore, technologies related to quick replacement of batteries are becoming the subject of attention and research.
However, in the battery replacement process, a battery replacement platform is proposed, wherein a locking and unlocking mechanism is not arranged on the battery replacement platform, the vehicle body is leveled only by a front leveling device and a rear leveling device to keep the vehicle body in a state of battery replacement, and then the battery assembly is replaced by the locking and unlocking mechanism, so that the battery replacement efficiency is low.
Therefore, a locking and unlocking platform, a battery replacement station and a battery replacement method for an automobile are urgently needed to solve the problem of low battery replacement efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a locking and unlocking platform for an automobile, which improves the battery replacement efficiency.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a locking and unlocking platform for an automobile, comprising:
a shield;
a front lifting device configured to support front wheels of the automobile and a rear lifting device configured to support rear wheels of the automobile;
the locking and unlocking mechanism is arranged on the protective cover, a locking mechanism is arranged on a battery assembly of the automobile, and the locking and unlocking mechanism is configured to lock or unlock the locking mechanism so as to enable the battery assembly to be connected with or separated from the automobile body;
the leveling detection mechanism is arranged on the shield and is configured to detect whether the vehicle body is parallel to the upper end face of the shield.
Preferably, the locking mechanism comprises a housing, a locking shaft and a locking ring, the housing is fixedly arranged on the battery pack, the locking shaft is rotatably arranged in the housing, and when the locking shaft rotates around the central axis of the locking shaft, the first end of the locking shaft protruding out of the housing can be connected with or separated from the vehicle body; the locking ring is sleeved on the second end, protruding out of the shell, of the locking shaft and is arranged between the shell and the locking shaft, and the locking ring can move along the axis direction of the locking shaft so as to be switched between a locking position for limiting the rotation of the locking shaft and an unlocking position for allowing the rotation of the locking shaft;
the locking and unlocking mechanism comprises a locking and unlocking rotating head, and the locking and unlocking rotating head can drive the locking ring to move along the axis direction of the locking shaft and drive the locking ring and the locking shaft to synchronously rotate around the central axis of the locking shaft;
the locking and unlocking platform for the automobile further comprises a driving piece, and the driving piece is configured to drive the locking and unlocking rotating head to rotate.
Preferably, the locking shaft and the opposite end of the locking and unlocking rotating head are provided with first clamping grooves, the locking and unlocking rotating head is provided with a clamping boss, and the clamping boss can be clamped into the first clamping grooves to drive the locking shaft to rotate.
Preferably, the locking mechanism further includes a first elastic member disposed in the housing, and the first elastic member is configured to drive the lock ring to move toward the locking and unlocking mechanism to return.
Preferably, the locking and unlocking mechanism further comprises a rotating head support, the rotating head support is fixedly arranged on the output end of the driving piece, and the locking and unlocking rotating head is arranged on the rotating head support.
Preferably, the locking and unlocking mechanism further comprises a second elastic piece, and the second elastic piece is arranged on the periphery of the rotating head support to support the locking and unlocking rotating head.
Preferably, the locking and unlocking mechanism further comprises a limiting pin, one side of the locking and unlocking rotating head, which deviates from the locking mechanism, is provided with a sliding rod, the sliding rod is arranged on the rotating head support in a sliding mode, a limiting groove is formed in the sliding rod, a limiting hole is formed in the rotating head support, and the limiting pin is fixedly arranged in the limiting hole and is located in the limiting groove.
Preferably, the leveling detection mechanism includes two leveling detectors, and the two leveling detectors are disposed on a side end surface of the shield at intervals and are respectively configured to detect heights of the front wheel and the rear wheel.
Preferably, the vehicle body further comprises a positioning pin shaft, wherein the positioning pin shaft is arranged on the shield and is configured to position the vehicle body.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a battery replacement station, which includes a locking and unlocking platform for an automobile according to any one of the above solutions.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a battery replacement method, which can detect whether the connection between the battery assembly and the vehicle body is reliable, and ensure the success rate of replacing the battery assembly.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a battery replacing method is applied to a battery replacing station and comprises the following steps:
s1, when the automobile arrives at the shield, the front wheel and the rear wheel of the automobile respectively descend to the leveling position under the action of the front lifting device and the rear lifting device;
s2, detecting whether the automobile body of the automobile is parallel to the upper end face of the shield by a leveling detection mechanism, if so, directly performing S3, and if not, performing S3 after leveling the automobile body of the automobile by the front lifting device and the rear lifting device;
s3, the front lifting device and the rear lifting device continue to descend to the locking and unlocking positions;
s4, unlocking a locking mechanism on the automobile by a locking and unlocking mechanism to enable the battery assembly in the power-off state to be separated from the automobile body;
s5, transporting the battery pack in the power shortage state away by adopting a transporting device, transporting the battery pack in the full power state to a required position, and replacing the battery pack in the full power state;
s6, locking the locking mechanism by the locking and unlocking mechanism to enable the battery pack in the full-power state to be connected with the vehicle body;
s7, lifting the vehicle body to a detection position by the front lifting device and the rear lifting device, wherein the locking and unlocking mechanism and the locking mechanism can still be matched with each other;
and S8, rotating the locking and unlocking mechanism, detecting the rotation torque, if the rotation torque is too large, locking is reliable, and if the rotation torque is too small, locking is unreliable and locking needs to be carried out again.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a locking and unlocking platform for an automobile, which is characterized in that a front lifting device and a rear lifting device simultaneously lift an automobile body of the automobile, after the automobile body is detected by a leveling detection mechanism, the front lifting device and the rear lifting device enable the automobile body to be leveled and then continuously drive the automobile body to descend, a locking and unlocking mechanism is arranged on a protective cover, and a locking mechanism on the automobile body is locked or unlocked to enable a battery assembly of the automobile to be connected or separated from the automobile body. This a locking and unlocking platform for car is provided with locking and unlocking mechanism through being provided with on the guard shield and makes the automobile body of car continue to descend after the leveling and can make the locking mechanism on the car be connected with locking and unlocking mechanism on the guard shield, makes locking or unblock more convenient, swift, changes battery pack's efficiency and improves.
The invention also provides a battery replacement method, which can detect whether the connection between the battery assembly and the vehicle body is reliable or not and ensure the success rate of replacing the battery assembly.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a locking and unlocking platform for an automobile according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a locking mechanism, a locking and unlocking mechanism and a driving member according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a locking mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a lock shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a locking cover plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a locking and unlocking mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a leveling detector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1-a shield; 11-connecting blocks;
2-a support block;
3-locking and unlocking mechanism; 31-locking and unlocking the swivel; 311-clamping a boss; 312-a slide bar; 3121-a limiting groove; 32-a swivel support; 33-a second elastic member; 34-a limit pin;
4-leveling detection mechanism; 41-a guide block; 42-a detection rod; 43-a detection switch; 44-fixing block; 45-adjusting plate;
5-positioning a pin shaft;
6-a locking mechanism; 61-a housing; 611-locking base; 612-a locking cover plate; 6121-sector groove; 613-first groove; 62-a locking shaft; 621-a second boss; 622-first clamping groove; 623-an annular boss; 624-limit boss; 63-a locking ring; 631 — a first boss; 632 — a second groove; 64-a locking assembly; 641-locking lever; 642-follower wheel;
7-a driving member.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar parts throughout or parts having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning a fixed connection, a removable connection, a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, a direct connection, an indirect connection via an intermediary, a connection between two elements, or an interaction between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may include the first feature and the second feature being in direct contact, or may include the first feature and the second feature being in contact not directly but with another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a locking and unlocking platform for an automobile, which comprises a shield 1, a front lifting device, a rear lifting device, a supporting block 2, a locking and unlocking mechanism 3 and a leveling detection mechanism 4. The cover 1 is a cubic carrier for carrying various components. The front lifting device is used for supporting the front wheels of the automobile, the rear lifting device is used for supporting the rear wheels of the automobile, and the front lifting device and the rear lifting device can realize the ascending and descending of the automobile body and can move simultaneously or independently. With continued reference to fig. 1, a support block 2 is disposed on the shield 1 and protrudes from the upper end surface of the shield 1 for supporting the vehicle body to assist the locking and unlocking mechanism 3 in locking or unlocking the battery assembly. Optionally, the supporting blocks 2 are arranged in two groups, and the two groups of supporting blocks 2 are arranged at intervals along the first direction, so that the supporting is more stable. Further, each group of supporting blocks 2 is provided with a plurality of supporting blocks, and the supporting blocks 2 are arranged at intervals along the second direction, so that the supporting is further stable. It will be appreciated that the first and second directions are perpendicular to each other. In the present embodiment, four support blocks 2 are provided per set. The locking and unlocking mechanism 3 is arranged on the protective cover 1, the locking mechanism 6 is arranged on a battery assembly of the automobile, and the locking and unlocking mechanism 3 can lock or unlock the locking mechanism 6 so as to connect or separate the battery assembly of the automobile with or from the automobile body. The leveling detection mechanism 4 is arranged on the shield 1 and used for detecting whether the vehicle body is parallel to the upper end face of the shield.
This a locking and unlocking platform for car is provided with locking and unlocking mechanism 3 through being provided with on guard shield 1 and makes the automobile body of car continue to descend after the leveling and can make locking mechanism 6 on the car be connected with locking and unlocking mechanism 3 on guard shield 1, makes locking or unblock more convenient, swift, changes battery pack's efficiency and improves.
Specifically, with continued reference to fig. 1, in order to position the vehicle body more accurately, the locking and unlocking mechanism 3 and the locking mechanism 6 are aligned more accurately, and the locking and unlocking platform for the vehicle further includes a positioning pin 5, which is disposed on the shield 1 and used for positioning the vehicle body. It can be understood that the vehicle body is provided with a positioning hole matched with the positioning pin shaft 5.
More specifically, locating pin 5 is provided with two, and two locating pin 5 set up along first direction interval, make the location more accurate.
Specifically, the lock mechanism 6, the lock/unlock mechanism 3, and the driver 7 will now be described with reference to fig. 2. As shown in fig. 2, the driving member 7 is a speed reduction motor, the locking and unlocking mechanism 3 is disposed on an output shaft of the speed reduction motor, and the driving member 7 can drive the locking and unlocking mechanism 3 to rotate. The locking mechanism 6 is used for locking or unlocking a battery pack on the vehicle to connect or disconnect the battery pack to or from the vehicle body of the vehicle. The locking mechanism 6 will now be described with reference to fig. 1. The lock mechanism 6 includes a housing 61, a lock shaft 62, and a lock ring 63. The case 61 is fixedly connected to the battery module, and the locking mechanism 6 is integrally fixed to the battery module. The locking shaft 62 is rotatably disposed in the housing 61, the locking shaft 62 can rotate around a central axis thereof, and a first end of the locking shaft 62 protruding out of the housing 61 can be connected to or separated from the vehicle body to fix the battery assembly to or separate the battery assembly from the vehicle body. The lock ring 63 is fitted over the second end of the lock shaft 62 protruding from the housing 61 and is disposed between the housing 61 and the lock shaft 62, and the lock ring 63 is movable in the axial direction of the lock shaft 62 to be switched between a lock position for restricting the rotation of the lock shaft 62 and an unlock position for allowing the rotation of the lock shaft 62. With continued reference to fig. 1, the locking and unlocking mechanism 3 includes a locking and unlocking rotor 31, when the locking mechanism 6 and the locking and unlocking mechanism 3 approach and abut against each other, the locking and unlocking rotor 31 can drive the locking ring 63 to move along the axial direction of the locking shaft 62 to release the locking state of the locking shaft 62, and after the locking state of the locking shaft 62 is released, the driving member 7 can drive the locking and unlocking rotor 31 to rotate, so as to drive the locking shaft 62 to rotate to realize the connection or the separation of the locking shaft 62 and the vehicle body, and further realize the connection or the separation of the battery assembly and the vehicle body.
This locking and unlocking device assembly passes through the lock ring 63 and sets up between casing 61 and locking axle 62, locking and unlocking turn-round 31 can make the lock ring 63 remove in order to relieve the locking of locking axle 62 and casing 61, make locking axle 62 relative casing 61 can rotate in order to connect or separate battery pack and automobile body, this structure only adopts the lock ring 63 to set up and just has realized the locking function on locking mechanism 6, locking and unlocking turn-round 31 on the locking and unlocking mechanism 3 existing function of rotating locking axle 62 has the function of relieving the restriction of locking ring 63 to locking axle 62 again, moreover, the steam generator is simple in structure, high durability and convenient use, and processing design cost is relatively reduced.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1-3, the housing 61 includes a locking base 611 and a locking cover 612. The locking cover 612 is fixedly connected to the battery assembly, and the locking base 611 is fixedly connected to the locking cover 612, so that the locking mechanism 6 is fixed to the battery assembly. The locking base 611 is provided with a first accommodation chamber in which the locking ring 63 is arranged. Further, be provided with first annular bulge in the first chamber of holding, the one end that locking ring 63 placed in locking base 611 is provided with second annular bulge, and when locking ring 63 set up in the first chamber of holding, first annular bulge can butt second annular bulge to spacing locking ring 63 is along its axial direction orientation locking/unlocking mechanism 3 and is deviate from locking base 611.
The locking shaft 62 and locking ring 63 will now be described in detail with reference to fig. 2-3. The locking shaft 62 is provided with an annular boss 623, the locking cover plate 612 is provided with a second accommodating cavity, the second accommodating cavity is communicated with the first accommodating cavity, and the annular boss 623 is limited in the second accommodating cavity. When the locking base 611 is fixedly connected with the locking cover 612, one end of the annular boss 623 abuts against the end surface of the second accommodating cavity away from the locking base 611, and the other end abuts against the locking base 611, so that the locking shaft 62 does not displace along the axial direction thereof. Alternatively, the lock ring 63 is disposed in the first accommodation chamber, and one end of the second annular projection abuts against the first annular projection and the other end abuts against the annular boss 623, so as to limit the displacement of the lock ring 63 in the axial direction thereof.
Specifically, with continued reference to fig. 2, the first annular protrusion is provided with a first groove 613, the outer surface of the locking ring 63 is provided with a first projection 631 matching with the first groove 613, when the first projection 631 is engaged with the first groove 613, the locking ring 63 cannot rotate, and when the first projection 631 is disengaged from the first groove 613, the locking ring 63 can rotate relative to the housing 61. The locking shaft 62 is provided with the second boss 621 with locking ring 63 matched with surface, and the internal surface of locking ring 63 is provided with the second recess 632 with second boss 621 matched with, and second boss 621 all the time with second recess 632 joint to make locking ring 63 can drive locking shaft 62 and rotate. It is understood that, after the vehicle body is moved to the unlocking position of the unlocking mechanism 3, the unlocking rotor 31 abuts against the lock ring 63 to jack the lock ring 63 up by a distance so that the first projection 631 can be disengaged from the first groove 613.
More specifically, first recess 613 and first boss 631 one-to-one set up, are provided with four respectively, and four first recesses 613 evenly distributed are in first annular boss 623 portion, and four first boss 631 evenly distributed are on the surface of lock ring 63, make the installation more convenient, rotate 90 when locking axle 62 rotates to lock or unblock and can accomplish to lock or unblock, and the structure is more reasonable.
Further, in order to make the locking shaft 62 more firm with the lock ring 63 joint, bearing capacity is stronger, and second boss 621 and second recess 632 one-to-one are provided with a plurality ofly respectively, and a plurality of second bosses 621 and a plurality of second recess 632 joint simultaneously make bearing capacity stronger. In this embodiment, the second bosses 621 and the second grooves 632 are respectively four, the four second bosses 621 are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the locking shaft 62, and the four second grooves 632 are uniformly distributed on the inner surface of the locking ring 63, so that the installation is more convenient, and the processing is easier.
Continuing to refer to fig. 1, in order to facilitate connection or separation of the battery pack and the vehicle body, a locking assembly 64 is arranged on one side of the locking shaft 62, which is far away from the locking and unlocking mechanism 3, a mounting hole and a counter bore are arranged on one side of the locking shaft 62, which is far away from the locking and unlocking mechanism 3, the counter bore is communicated with the mounting hole, a threaded hole is arranged on the locking assembly 64, the locking assembly 64 is arranged in the mounting hole in a penetrating manner, and a bolt can penetrate through the counter bore to be connected with the threaded hole, so that the locking assembly 64 is fixed on the locking shaft 62.
Details of the locking assembly 64 are now described in conjunction with fig. 1. The locking assembly 64 includes a locking rod 641 and two follower wheels 642, the locking rod 641 is disposed in the mounting hole, and the two follower wheels 642 are rotatably disposed at two ends of the locking rod 641 and symmetrically disposed. The follower wheel 642 can reduce frictional resistance between the lock lever 641 and the vehicle body, and make locking or unlocking more smooth.
Furthermore, as shown in fig. 3 to 4, in order to limit the rotation angle of the locking shaft 62, a limiting boss 624 is disposed on an end surface of the annular boss 623 facing away from the locking ring 63, a fan-shaped groove 6121 is disposed in the second accommodating cavity, and the limiting boss 624 is limited in the fan-shaped groove 6121, so that the locking shaft 62 cannot exceed the fan-shaped groove 6121 to limit the rotation angle of the locking shaft 62 when rotating.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1-2, in order to facilitate the locking and unlocking rotor 31 to conveniently rotate the locking shaft 62, one end of the locking shaft 62 opposite to the locking and unlocking rotor 31 is provided with a first clamping groove 622, the locking and unlocking rotor 31 is provided with a clamping boss 311, and the clamping boss 311 can be clamped into the first clamping groove 622 to rotate the locking shaft 62.
Further, in order to improve the bearing capacity of the first clamping groove 622 of the locking shaft 62, the locking ring 63 is provided with a second clamping groove, and when the locking ring 63 is sleeved on the locking shaft 62, the second clamping groove and the first clamping groove 622 are correspondingly arranged, so that when the clamping boss 311 rotates the locking shaft 62, the clamping boss 311 can be clamped in the first clamping groove 622 and the second clamping groove at the same time.
In this embodiment, the depth of the second snap groove is smaller than that of the first snap groove 622 to ensure that the locking and unlocking rotary head 31 firstly pushes up the locking ring 63 when abutting against the locking mechanism 6, so that the first boss 631 is disengaged from the first groove 613. It will be appreciated that the first projection 631 is disengaged from the first groove 613 by a distance less than the distance that the locking ring 63 is lifted to ensure that the first projection 631 is fully disengaged from the first groove 613.
More specifically, in order to facilitate the return of the locking ring 63, the locking mechanism 6 further includes a first elastic member disposed in the housing 61, one end of the first elastic member abuts against the annular boss 623, and the other end of the first elastic member abuts against the second annular protruding portion, so that the first elastic member always generates an acting force toward the locking base 611 to the locking ring 63, and the locking ring 63 can return. Alternatively, the first elastic member may be selected as a compression spring.
Specifically, the lock/unlock mechanism 3 will now be described with reference to fig. 5. The locking and unlocking mechanism 3 includes a locking and unlocking rotor 31, and the locking and unlocking rotor 31 can push the locking ring 63 to move along the axial direction of the locking shaft 62, so that the locking ring 63 and the locking shaft 62 rotate 90 degrees at the same time. When the automobile body drives locking mechanism 6 and is close to locking and unlocking mechanism 3, locking and unlocking rotor 31 butt lock ring 63, under the reverse effort of locking mechanism 6, locking and unlocking rotor 31 with lock ring 63 jack-up, make it move along the axis direction of locking axle 62, then drive locking and unlocking rotor 31 through driving piece 7 and rotate to make lock ring 63 and locking axle 62 rotate simultaneously.
With continued reference to fig. 5, in order to facilitate installation and fixation of the locking and unlocking rotor 31, the locking and unlocking mechanism 3 further includes a rotor support 32, the rotor support 32 is fixedly disposed on the output shaft of the driving member 7, and the locking and unlocking rotor 31 is disposed on the rotor support 32.
Further, in order to provide a buffering force when the locking/unlocking rotor 31 contacts the locking mechanism 6, the locking/unlocking mechanism 3 further includes a second elastic member 33, and the second elastic member 33 is disposed on the outer periphery of the rotor support 32 and supports the locking/unlocking rotor 31. Alternatively, the second elastic member 33 may be selected as a compression spring.
Furthermore, in order to prevent the locking and unlocking rotor head 31 from coming off the rotor head support 32, the locking and unlocking mechanism 3 further includes a limit pin 34, a sliding rod 312 is disposed on one side of the locking and unlocking rotor head 31 facing away from the locking mechanism 6, the sliding rod 312 is slidably disposed on the rotor head support 32, the sliding rod 312 is provided with a limit groove 3121, a limit hole is disposed on the rotor head support 32, and the limit pin 34 is fixedly disposed in the limit hole and located in the limit groove 3121, so that the sliding rod 312 does not come off the rotor head support 32 when sliding. It will be appreciated that the turret support 32 is provided with a sliding slot in which the sliding rod 312 is slidably disposed, and the limiting hole is disposed through the sliding slot.
Specifically, in order to enable the leveling detection mechanism 4 to detect the heights of the front wheel and the rear wheel of the automobile and to enable the structure to be more reasonable, the leveling detection mechanism comprises two leveling detectors, the two leveling detectors are arranged on the side end face of the protective cover 1 at intervals, one leveling detector is arranged close to the front wheel, the other leveling detector is arranged close to the rear wheel, and the two leveling detectors are enabled to detect the heights of the front wheel and the rear wheel respectively. The leveling detection mechanism 4 can control the front lifting device and the rear lifting device to level the vehicle body, reduce the abrasion of the positioning pin shaft 5 and ensure accurate positioning.
As shown in fig. 7, in order to facilitate the installation and connection of the leveling detector and the shield 1, a connection block 11 is provided between the leveling detector and the side end surface of the shield 1, the connection block 11 is fixedly provided on the side end surface of the shield 1, and the leveling detector is provided on the connection block 11. Furthermore, a plurality of adjusting holes are formed in the connecting block 11, the adjusting holes are arranged at intervals in the third direction, a long slotted hole is formed in the leveling detector, and the bolt can select one or more adjusting holes to be connected to the connecting block 11 through the long slotted hole, so that the height of the leveling detector can be adjusted. Furthermore, two groups of adjusting holes are arranged, each group of adjusting holes is provided with a plurality of adjusting holes, the two groups of adjusting holes are arranged at intervals along the second direction, and the two long groove holes correspond to the two groups of adjusting holes and are arranged in two, so that the leveling detector is more firmly fixed. It is understood that the third direction, the first direction and the second direction are all perpendicular to each other.
With continued reference to fig. 7, details of the leveling detector will now be described in conjunction with fig. 7. The leveling detector includes a guide block 41, a detection lever 42, a third elastic member, and a detection switch 43. Wherein, be provided with the slotted hole on the guide block 41, the bolt sets up guide block 41 on connecting block 11 through the slotted hole, and detection pole 42 slides and sets up on guide block 41, and the third elastic component sets up in guide block 41 for support detection pole 42 so that detection pole 42 can return after the atress moves down, and detection switch 43 sets up in the bottom of guide block 41, and detection pole 42 can move down in order to trigger detection switch 43. It will be appreciated that the detection switch 43 is a proximity switch. In this embodiment, the third elastic member is a compression spring.
Specifically, in order to facilitate the fixing of the detection switch, the leveling detector further comprises a fixing block 44, the fixing block 44 is arranged at the bottom end of the guide block 41, the fixing block 44 is provided with a detection switch mounting hole for mounting the detection switch 43, the detection switch 43 is arranged in the detection switch mounting hole in a penetrating manner, and two ends of the detection switch are positioned by bolts.
Preferably, in order to facilitate the position adjustment of the leveling detector, the leveling detector further comprises an adjusting plate 45, the adjusting plate 45 is arranged on the connecting block 11, a through hole is formed in the adjusting plate 45, a first threaded hole is formed in the guide block 41 corresponding to the through hole, a bolt penetrates through the through hole and is screwed into the first threaded hole, and the bolt is rotated to achieve the up-and-down adjustment of the leveling detector. In this embodiment, the through holes correspond to the first threaded holes one by one, and two through holes are respectively provided.
The embodiment also comprises a battery replacement station which comprises the locking and unlocking platform for the automobile.
The embodiment also provides a battery swapping method applied to the battery swapping station, and the method comprises the following steps:
and S1, after the automobile reaches the shield 1, the front wheels and the rear wheels of the automobile descend firstly under the action of the front lifting device and the rear lifting device respectively.
And S2, detecting whether the automobile body is parallel to the upper end face of the shield 1 through the leveling detection mechanism 4, if so, directly performing S3, and if not, leveling the automobile body through the front lifting device and the rear lifting device and then performing S3.
Specifically, the method for leveling the automobile comprises the steps of detecting trigger signals of two leveling detectors, stopping descending of a front lifting device if the leveling detectors located on front wheels are triggered first, and continuing descending of a rear lifting device until the leveling detectors located on rear wheels are triggered; if the leveling detector at the rear wheel is triggered first, the rear lifting device stops descending, and the front lifting device continues descending until the leveling detector at the front wheel is triggered.
And S3, simultaneously and continuously descending the front lifting device and the rear lifting device to the locking and unlocking positions.
And S4, unlocking the locking mechanism 6 on the automobile by the locking and unlocking mechanism 3 so as to separate the battery pack in the power-off state on the automobile from the automobile body.
And S5, transporting the battery pack in the power shortage state away by adopting a transporting device, transporting the battery pack in the full power state to a required position, and replacing the battery pack in the full power state.
S6, the lock/unlock mechanism 3 locks the lock mechanism 6 to connect the fully charged battery pack to the vehicle body.
And S7, simultaneously lifting the vehicle body by the front lifting device and the rear lifting device, lifting the vehicle body to a detection position, and at the moment, the locking and unlocking mechanism 3 and the locking mechanism 6 can still be matched with each other.
In this embodiment, the distance that the vehicle body lifted to the detection position is less than or equal to the stroke of the locking ring 63, so that when the locking ring 63 returns to be able to be engaged with the housing 61, the locking and unlocking rotor 31 can still be engaged with the locking shaft 62.
S8, rotating the locking and unlocking rotating head 31 of the locking and unlocking mechanism 3, detecting the rotating torque, returning the locking ring 63 if the rotating torque is detected to be too large, so that the locking is reliable, and if the torque is detected to be too small, not returning the locking ring 63, so that the locking is unreliable, and at the moment, locking needs to be performed again. It will be appreciated that rotation of the locking and unlocking rotor 31 improves the locking ring 63 from returning to its original position and prevents jamming.
In an alternative embodiment, it is also possible to detect the rotation angle of the lock shaft 62, and detect whether the lock ring 63 is returned by determining the magnitude of the rotation angle.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A locking and unlocking platform for an automobile, comprising:
a cover (1);
a front lifting device configured to support front wheels of the automobile and a rear lifting device configured to support rear wheels of the automobile;
the locking and unlocking mechanism (3) is arranged on the shield (1), a locking mechanism (6) is arranged on a battery assembly of the automobile, and the locking and unlocking mechanism (3) is configured to lock or unlock the locking mechanism (6) so as to connect or separate the battery assembly with or from the automobile body of the automobile;
the leveling detection mechanism (4) is arranged on the shield (1), and the leveling detection mechanism (4) is configured to detect whether the vehicle body is parallel to the upper end face of the shield (1).
2. The locking and unlocking platform for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein the locking mechanism (6) includes a housing (61), a locking shaft (62) and a locking ring (63), the housing (61) is fixedly arranged on the battery pack, the locking shaft (62) is rotatably arranged in the housing (61), the locking shaft (62) is configured such that when the locking shaft (62) rotates around the central axis thereof, the first end of the locking shaft (62) protruding out of the housing (61) can be connected with or separated from the automobile body; the locking ring (63) is sleeved on the second end, protruding out of the shell (61), of the locking shaft (62) and is arranged between the shell (61) and the locking shaft (62), and the locking ring (63) can move along the axial direction of the locking shaft (62) so as to be switched between a locking position for limiting the rotation of the locking shaft (62) and an unlocking position for allowing the rotation of the locking shaft (62);
the locking and unlocking mechanism (3) comprises a locking and unlocking rotating head (31), the locking and unlocking rotating head (31) can drive the locking ring (63) to move along the axial direction of the locking shaft (62), and drive the locking ring (63) and the locking shaft (62) to synchronously rotate around the central axis of the locking shaft (62);
the locking and unlocking platform for the automobile further comprises a driving piece (7), wherein the driving piece (7) is configured to drive the locking and unlocking rotary head (31) to rotate.
3. The locking and unlocking platform for the automobile according to claim 2, wherein one end of the locking shaft (62) opposite to the locking and unlocking rotating head (31) is provided with a first clamping groove (622), the locking and unlocking rotating head (31) is provided with a clamping boss (311), and the clamping boss (311) can be clamped into the first clamping groove (622) to drive the locking shaft (62) to rotate.
4. The locking and unlocking platform for automobiles according to claim 3, wherein said locking mechanism (6) further comprises a first elastic member provided in said housing (61) and configured to drive said locking ring (63) to move toward said locking and unlocking mechanism (3) to return.
5. The locking and unlocking platform for the automobile according to claim 2, wherein the locking and unlocking mechanism (3) further comprises a swivel support (32), the swivel support (32) is fixedly arranged on the output end of the driving member (7), and the locking and unlocking swivel (31) is arranged on the swivel support (32).
6. The locking and unlocking platform for automobiles according to claim 5, wherein said locking and unlocking mechanism (3) further comprises a second elastic member (33), said second elastic member (33) being provided at the outer periphery of said turret support (32) to support said locking and unlocking turret (31).
7. The locking and unlocking platform for the automobile according to claim 5, wherein the locking and unlocking mechanism (3) further comprises a limit pin (34), a sliding rod (312) is arranged on one side of the locking and unlocking rotating head (31) facing away from the locking mechanism (6), the sliding rod (312) is slidably arranged on the rotating head support (32), a limit groove (3121) is arranged on the sliding rod (312), a limit hole is arranged on the rotating head support (32), and the limit pin (34) is fixedly arranged in the limit hole and is located in the limit groove (3121).
8. The locking and unlocking platform for automobile according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein said leveling detection mechanism (4) comprises two leveling detectors, said two leveling detectors are spaced apart from each other on the side end surface of said shield (1) for detecting the height of said front wheel and said rear wheel, respectively.
9. The locking and unlocking platform for automobile according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a positioning pin (5), wherein the positioning pin (5) is disposed on the shield (1) for positioning the automobile body.
10. A power station comprising a locking and unlocking platform for a vehicle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
11. The battery swapping method is applied to the battery swapping station as claimed in claim 10, and comprises the following steps:
s1, the automobile arrives at the shield (1), and the front wheel and the rear wheel of the automobile respectively descend to a leveling position under the action of the front lifting device and the rear lifting device;
s2, detecting whether the automobile body is parallel to the upper end face of the shield (1) or not by a leveling detection mechanism (4), if so, directly performing S3, and if not, performing S3 after leveling the automobile body of the automobile by the front lifting device and the rear lifting device;
s3, the front lifting device and the rear lifting device continue to descend to the locking and unlocking positions;
s4, unlocking a locking mechanism (6) on the automobile by a locking and unlocking mechanism (3) to separate a battery assembly in a power-lack state from the automobile body;
s5, transporting the battery pack in the power shortage state away by adopting a transporting device, transporting the battery pack in the full power state to a required position, and replacing the battery pack in the full power state;
s6, locking the locking mechanism (6) by the locking and unlocking mechanism (3) to connect the battery pack in the full-power state with the vehicle body;
s7, lifting the vehicle body to a detection position by the front lifting device and the rear lifting device, wherein the locking and unlocking mechanism (3) and the locking mechanism (6) can still be matched with each other;
s8, rotating the locking and unlocking mechanism (3), detecting the rotating torque, if the rotating torque is too large, locking is reliable, and if the rotating torque is too small, locking is unreliable, and locking needs to be carried out again.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111137740.6A CN113844328B (en) | 2021-09-27 | 2021-09-27 | Locking and unlocking platform, power exchange station and power exchange method for automobile |
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| CN202111137740.6A CN113844328B (en) | 2021-09-27 | 2021-09-27 | Locking and unlocking platform, power exchange station and power exchange method for automobile |
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| CN113844328B CN113844328B (en) | 2023-04-28 |
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