CN113844328B - Locking and unlocking platform, power exchange station and power exchange method for automobile - Google Patents

Locking and unlocking platform, power exchange station and power exchange method for automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113844328B
CN113844328B CN202111137740.6A CN202111137740A CN113844328B CN 113844328 B CN113844328 B CN 113844328B CN 202111137740 A CN202111137740 A CN 202111137740A CN 113844328 B CN113844328 B CN 113844328B
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China
Prior art keywords
locking
unlocking
automobile
lifting device
shaft
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CN202111137740.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN113844328A (en
Inventor
金学军
戴有发
张晓峰
曹恒访
肖申
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Bozhon Precision Industry Technology Co Ltd
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Bozhon Precision Industry Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202111137740.6A priority Critical patent/CN113844328B/en
Publication of CN113844328A publication Critical patent/CN113844328A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0455—Removal or replacement of the energy storages
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of quick assembly disassembly of automobile battery components, and discloses a locking and unlocking platform, a power exchanging station and a power exchanging method for an automobile. The locking and unlocking platform for the automobile comprises a shield, a front lifting device, a rear lifting device, a locking and unlocking mechanism and a leveling detection mechanism. Wherein, the front lifting device and the rear lifting device respectively support the front wheel and the rear wheel of the automobile; the locking and unlocking mechanism is arranged on the protective cover and used for locking or unlocking the locking mechanism so as to connect or disconnect a battery assembly of the automobile with or from a vehicle body; the leveling detection mechanism is arranged on the protective cover and used for detecting whether the vehicle body is parallel to the upper end face of the protective cover. This a locking and unlocking platform for car is provided with through the guard shield and adds release mechanism and make the automobile body of car continue to descend after the leveling and be connected with the locking and release mechanism on the guard shield that can make locking or unblock more convenient, swift, trades electric efficiency improvement.

Description

Locking and unlocking platform, power exchange station and power exchange method for automobile
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of quick assembly disassembly of automobile battery components, in particular to a locking and unlocking platform, a power exchanging station and a power exchanging method for an automobile.
Background
With the development of the electric automobile industry, the charging speed is always a difficult problem for limiting the development of the electric automobile, and at present, the quick charging is half an hour, which is hardly accepted compared with the oiling time of a few minutes, so that the electric automobile is favored by replacing the battery for charging. Therefore, technologies relating to battery quick-change and the like have also become an increasingly important subject of attention and research.
However, in the power exchange process, a power exchange platform is proposed, and the power exchange platform is not provided with a locking and unlocking mechanism, so that the vehicle body is only leveled through a front leveling device and a rear leveling device, the vehicle body is kept in a state to be subjected to power exchange, and then the battery assembly is replaced by the locking and unlocking mechanism, so that the power exchange efficiency is lower.
Therefore, a locking and unlocking platform, a power exchanging station and a power exchanging method for an automobile are needed to solve the problem of low power exchanging efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a locking and unlocking platform for an automobile, which improves the power conversion efficiency.
To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a locking and unlocking platform for an automobile, comprising:
a shield;
a front lifting device configured to support a front wheel of the vehicle and a rear lifting device configured to support a rear wheel of the vehicle;
the locking and unlocking mechanism is arranged on the shield, a locking mechanism is arranged on a battery assembly of the automobile, and the locking and unlocking mechanism is configured to lock or unlock the locking mechanism so as to connect or disconnect the battery assembly with or from the automobile body;
and the leveling detection mechanism is arranged on the shield and is configured to detect whether the vehicle body is parallel to the upper end surface of the shield.
Preferably, the locking mechanism includes a housing fixedly provided on the battery assembly, a locking shaft rotatably provided in the housing, the locking shaft being configured to protrude from a first end of the housing to be capable of being connected to or disconnected from the vehicle body when rotated about its central axis; the locking ring is sleeved on the second end of the locking shaft protruding out of the shell, is arranged between the shell and the locking shaft, and can move along the axial direction of the locking shaft so as to switch between a locking position for limiting the rotation of the locking shaft and an unlocking position for allowing the rotation of the locking shaft;
the locking and unlocking mechanism comprises a locking and unlocking rotating head, and the locking and unlocking rotating head can drive the locking ring to move along the axial direction of the locking shaft and drive the locking ring and the locking shaft to synchronously rotate around the central axis of the locking shaft;
the locking and unlocking platform for the automobile further comprises a driving piece, wherein the driving piece is configured to drive the locking and unlocking swivel to rotate.
Preferably, a first clamping groove is formed in one end, opposite to the locking and unlocking rotating head, of the locking shaft, a clamping boss is arranged on the locking and unlocking rotating head, and the clamping boss can be clamped into the first clamping groove to drive the locking shaft to rotate.
Preferably, the locking mechanism further includes a first elastic member disposed in the housing, and the first elastic member is configured to drive the locking ring to move toward the locking and unlocking mechanism to return.
Preferably, the locking and unlocking mechanism further comprises a swivel support, the swivel support is fixedly arranged on the output end of the driving piece, and the locking and unlocking swivel is arranged on the swivel support.
Preferably, the locking and unlocking mechanism further comprises a second elastic piece, and the second elastic piece is arranged on the periphery of the swivel support to support the locking and unlocking swivel.
Preferably, the locking and unlocking mechanism further comprises a limiting pin, a sliding rod is arranged on one side, deviating from the locking mechanism, of the locking and unlocking rotary head, the sliding rod is arranged on the rotary head support in a sliding mode, a limiting groove is formed in the sliding rod, a limiting hole is formed in the rotary head support, and the limiting pin is fixedly arranged in the limiting hole and located in the limiting groove.
Preferably, the leveling detection mechanism comprises two leveling detectors, and the two leveling detectors are arranged on the side end face of the protective cover at intervals and are respectively used for detecting the heights of the front wheel and the rear wheel.
Preferably, the vehicle further comprises a positioning pin, wherein the positioning pin is arranged on the shield and is configured to position the vehicle body.
Another object of the invention is to provide a power exchange station comprising a locking and unlocking platform for a motor vehicle according to any of the above solutions.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a power exchanging method, which can detect whether the connection between the battery assembly and the vehicle body is reliable, and ensure the success rate of battery assembly replacement.
To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a power conversion method applied to a power conversion station, the power conversion method comprising the steps of:
s1, enabling an automobile to reach a shield, wherein a front wheel and a rear wheel of the automobile respectively descend to a leveling position under the action of a front lifting device and a rear lifting device;
s2, detecting whether the automobile body of the automobile is parallel to the upper end face of the shield or not by a leveling detection mechanism, if so, directly performing S3, and if not, performing S3 after leveling the automobile body of the automobile by the front lifting device and the rear lifting device;
s3, the front lifting device and the rear lifting device continuously descend to a locking and unlocking position;
s4, unlocking a locking mechanism on the automobile to separate a battery assembly in a power failure state from the automobile body;
s5, conveying the battery assembly in the power failure state by adopting a conveying device, conveying the battery assembly in the full power state to a required position, and replacing the battery assembly in the full power state;
s6, locking the locking mechanism by the locking and unlocking mechanism to enable the battery assembly in the full-power state to be connected with the vehicle body;
s7, the front lifting device and the rear lifting device lift the vehicle body to a detection position, and at the moment, the locking and unlocking mechanism and the locking mechanism can still be mutually matched;
and S8, rotating the locking and unlocking mechanism, detecting a rotation moment, if the rotation moment is too large, locking reliably, and if the rotation moment is too small, locking unreliably, and re-locking is needed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the locking and unlocking platform for the automobile, the front lifting device and the rear lifting device lift the automobile body of the automobile at the same time, after the automobile body is detected through the leveling detection mechanism, the front lifting device and the rear lifting device enable the automobile body to be leveled and then drive the automobile body to descend continuously, the locking and unlocking mechanism is arranged on the protective cover, and the locking mechanism on the automobile body is locked or unlocked to enable the battery assembly of the automobile to be connected with or separated from the automobile body. This a locking and unlocking platform for car is provided with through the guard shield and adds release mechanism and make the automobile body of car continue to descend after the leveling and be connected with the locking and release mechanism on the guard shield that can make locking or unblock more convenient, swift, the efficiency of changing battery pack improves.
The invention also provides a power conversion method, which can detect whether the connection between the battery assembly and the vehicle body is reliable or not and ensure the success rate of replacing the battery assembly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a locking and unlocking platform for an automobile according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a locking mechanism, a locking and unlocking mechanism, and a driving member according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a locking mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a lock shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a latch cover according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a locking and unlocking mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a leveling detector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1-a shield; 11-connecting blocks;
2-supporting blocks;
3-locking and unlocking mechanisms; 31-locking and unlocking the swivel; 311-clamping the boss; 312-sliding bar; 3121-a limit slot; 32-swivel support; 33-a second elastic member; 34-a limiting pin;
4-leveling detection mechanism; 41-a guide block; 42-a detection rod; 43-detecting switch; 44-a fixed block; 45-adjusting plates;
5-positioning a pin shaft;
6-locking mechanism; 61-a housing; 611-locking the base; 612-locking the cover plate; 6121-a fan-shaped groove; 613-a first groove; 62-locking the shaft; 621-a second boss; 622-first snap groove; 623-an annular boss; 624-limit boss; 63-locking ring; 631-first boss; 632-a second groove; 64-locking assembly; 641-locking bar; 642-follower wheel;
7-driving member.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar parts throughout, or parts having like or similar functions. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be interpreted broadly, as for example, they may be fixedly connected, or may be detachably connected, or may be electrically connected, or may be directly connected, or may be indirectly connected through an intermediary, or may be in communication with one another in two elements or in an interaction relationship between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first feature and the second feature being in direct contact, or may include the first feature and the second feature not being in direct contact but being in contact by another feature therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below by the specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a locking and unlocking platform for an automobile, which comprises a shield 1, a front lifting device, a rear lifting device, a supporting block 2, a locking and unlocking mechanism 3 and a leveling detection mechanism 4. The cover 1 is a cube-shaped carrier for carrying the individual components. The front lifting device is used for supporting front wheels of the automobile, the rear lifting device is used for supporting rear wheels of the automobile, the front lifting device and the rear lifting device can achieve lifting and descending of the automobile body, and the front lifting device and the rear lifting device can move simultaneously or independently. With continued reference to fig. 1, a support block 2 is disposed on the shield 1 and protrudes from an upper end surface of the shield 1, for supporting a vehicle body to assist the locking and unlocking mechanism 3 in locking or unlocking the battery assembly. Optionally, the supporting blocks 2 are arranged in two groups, and the two groups of supporting blocks 2 are arranged at intervals along the first direction, so that the support is more stable. Further, each group of supporting blocks 2 is provided with a plurality of supporting blocks 2, and the plurality of supporting blocks 2 are arranged at intervals along the second direction, so that the support is further stabilized. It is understood that the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other. In the present embodiment, four support blocks 2 are provided per group. The locking and unlocking mechanism 3 is arranged on the shield 1, a locking mechanism 6 is arranged on a battery assembly of the automobile, and the locking and unlocking mechanism 3 can lock or unlock the locking mechanism 6 so as to enable the battery assembly of the automobile to be connected with or separated from a vehicle body. The leveling detection mechanism 4 is arranged on the shield 1 and is used for detecting whether the vehicle body is parallel to the upper end surface of the shield.
This a locking and unlocking platform for car is provided with on the guard shield 1 and adds release mechanism 3 and make the automobile body of car continue to descend after the leveling and can make locking mechanism 6 on the car be connected with the locking and release mechanism 3 on the guard shield 1, makes to add locking or unblock more convenient, swift, and the efficiency of changing battery pack improves.
Specifically, with continued reference to fig. 1, in order to make the positioning of the vehicle body more accurate, the alignment of the locking and unlocking mechanism 3 and the locking mechanism 6 is more accurate, and the locking and unlocking platform for the automobile further comprises a positioning pin 5, which is arranged on the shield 1 and is used for positioning the vehicle body. It is to be understood that the vehicle body is provided with a positioning hole matched with the positioning pin 5.
More specifically, the positioning pin shafts 5 are arranged in two, and the two positioning pin shafts 5 are arranged at intervals along the first direction, so that the positioning is more accurate.
In particular, the locking mechanism 6, the lock-unlock mechanism 3, and the driver 7 will now be described with reference to fig. 2. As shown in fig. 2, the driving member 7 is a gear motor, the locking and unlocking mechanism 3 is disposed on an output shaft of the gear motor, and the driving member 7 can drive the locking and unlocking mechanism 3 to rotate. The lock mechanism 6 is a mechanism for locking or unlocking a battery pack on the automobile to connect or disconnect the battery pack to or from the body of the automobile. The locking mechanism 6 will now be described in connection with fig. 1. The lock mechanism 6 includes a housing 61, a lock shaft 62, and a lock ring 63. The housing 61 is fixedly connected to the battery pack, and the locking mechanism 6 is integrally fixed to the battery pack. The lock shaft 62 is rotatably provided in the housing 61, the lock shaft 62 is rotatable about its central axis, and the first end of the lock shaft 62 protruding from the housing 61 is capable of being connected to or disconnected from the vehicle body to fix or separate the battery assembly to or from the vehicle body. The lock ring 63 is fitted over a second end of the lock shaft 62 protruding from the housing 61 and is provided between the housing 61 and the lock shaft 62, and the lock ring 63 is movable in the axial direction of the lock shaft 62 to switch between a lock position in which rotation of the lock shaft 62 is restricted and an unlock position in which rotation of the lock shaft 62 is allowed. With continued reference to fig. 1, the lock/unlock mechanism 3 includes a lock/unlock swivel 31, and when the lock mechanism 6 and the lock/unlock mechanism 3 are brought close to each other and abut against each other, the lock/unlock swivel 31 can drive the lock ring 63 to move in the axial direction of the lock shaft 62 to release the locked state of the lock shaft 62, and when the locked state of the lock shaft 62 is released, the driver 7 can drive the lock/unlock swivel 31 to rotate, thereby driving the lock shaft 62 to rotate to achieve connection or disconnection of the lock shaft 62 and the vehicle body, and further achieving connection or disconnection of the battery assembly and the vehicle body.
The locking and unlocking device assembly is arranged between the shell 61 and the locking shaft 62 through the locking ring 63, the locking and unlocking rotary head 31 can enable the locking ring 63 to move to unlock the locking shaft 62 and the shell 61, the locking shaft 62 can rotate relative to the shell 61 to connect or separate a battery assembly and a vehicle body, the locking function is realized only by arranging the locking ring 63 on the locking mechanism 6, the locking and unlocking rotary head 31 on the locking and unlocking mechanism 3 has the functions of rotating the locking shaft 62 and unlocking the locking shaft 62 by the locking ring 63, and the locking and unlocking device assembly is simple in structure, convenient to use and relatively reduces processing and design cost.
In particular, as shown in fig. 1-3, housing 61 includes a locking base 611 and a locking cover 612. Wherein, locking apron 612 is fixed connection with the battery pack, and locking base 611 is fixed connection with locking apron 612 to make locking mechanism 6 fixed on the battery pack. The locking base 611 is provided with a first accommodation chamber in which the locking ring 63 is disposed. Further, a first annular protruding portion is provided in the first accommodating cavity, a second annular protruding portion is provided at one end of the locking ring 63 disposed in the locking base 611, and when the locking ring 63 is disposed in the first accommodating cavity, the first annular protruding portion can abut against the second annular protruding portion to limit the locking ring 63 from falling out of the locking base 611 toward the locking and unlocking mechanism 3 along the axial direction thereof.
The locking shaft 62 and the locking ring 63 will now be described in detail with reference to fig. 2-3. The locking shaft 62 is provided with an annular boss 623, the locking cover 612 is provided with a second receiving cavity, the second receiving cavity is in communication with the first receiving cavity, and the annular boss 623 is confined in the second receiving cavity. When the locking base 611 is fixedly connected with the locking cover 612, one end of the annular boss 623 abuts against the end face of the second accommodating cavity facing away from the locking base 611, and the other end abuts against the locking base 611, so that the locking shaft 62 is not displaced in the axial direction thereof. Alternatively, the lock ring 63 is disposed in the first accommodation chamber, and the second annular protrusion has one end abutting against the first annular protrusion and the other end abutting against the annular boss 623 to restrict displacement of the lock ring 63 in the axial direction thereof.
Specifically, with continued reference to fig. 2, the first annular protruding portion is provided with a first groove 613, the outer surface of the locking ring 63 is provided with a first boss 631 that mates with the first groove 613, when the first boss 631 is clamped to the first groove 613, the locking ring 63 cannot rotate, and when the first boss 631 is disengaged from the first groove 613, the locking ring 63 can rotate relative to the housing 61. The outer surface of the locking shaft 62 matched with the locking ring 63 is provided with a second boss 621, the inner surface of the locking ring 63 is provided with a second groove 632 matched with the second boss 621, and the second boss 621 is always clamped with the second groove 632, so that the locking ring 63 can drive the locking shaft 62 to rotate. It will be appreciated that when the vehicle body is moved to the lock/unlock position by the lock/unlock mechanism 3, the lock/unlock swivel 31 abuts the lock ring 63 to jack up the lock ring 63 a distance so that the first boss 631 can be disengaged from the first groove 613.
More specifically, the first grooves 613 and the first bosses 631 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, four first grooves 613 are uniformly distributed on the first annular boss 623, and four first bosses 631 are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the locking ring 63, so that the locking shaft 62 is more convenient to install, and can be locked or unlocked by rotating by 90 degrees when the locking shaft 62 rotates for locking or unlocking, and the locking or unlocking structure is more reasonable.
Further, in order to make the locking shaft 62 and the locking ring 63 clamped more firmly, the bearing capacity is stronger, the second bosses 621 and the second grooves 632 are in one-to-one correspondence, and a plurality of second bosses 621 and a plurality of second grooves 632 are clamped simultaneously, so that the bearing capacity is stronger. In this embodiment, the second bosses 621 and the second grooves 632 are respectively provided with four, the four second bosses 621 are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the locking shaft 62, and the four second grooves 632 are uniformly distributed on the inner surface of the locking ring 63, so that the installation is more convenient and the processing is easier.
With continued reference to fig. 1, in order to facilitate connection or separation of the battery assembly from the vehicle body, a locking assembly 64 is provided on a side of the locking shaft 62 facing away from the locking and unlocking mechanism 3, a mounting hole and a countersunk hole are provided on a side of the locking shaft 62 facing away from the locking and unlocking mechanism 3, the countersunk hole is in communication with the mounting hole, a threaded hole is provided on the locking assembly 64, the locking assembly 64 is disposed in the mounting hole in a penetrating manner, and a bolt can be connected with the threaded hole through the countersunk hole, so that the locking assembly 64 is fixed on the locking shaft 62.
Details of the locking assembly 64 will now be described in connection with fig. 1. The locking assembly 64 includes a locking rod 641 and two follower wheels 642, the locking rod 641 is inserted into the mounting hole, and the two follower wheels 642 are rotatably disposed at both ends of the locking rod 641 and symmetrically disposed. The follower wheel 642 can reduce friction resistance between the lock lever 641 and the vehicle body, and can smoothly lock or unlock the vehicle.
Further, as shown in fig. 3 to 4, in order to limit the rotation angle of the locking shaft 62, a limiting boss 624 is disposed on an end surface of the annular boss 623 facing away from the locking ring 63, a fan-shaped groove 6121 is disposed in the second accommodating cavity, and the limiting boss 624 is limited in the fan-shaped groove 6121, so that the rotation angle of the locking shaft 62 cannot be limited by exceeding the fan-shaped groove 6121 when the locking shaft 62 rotates.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1-2, in order to facilitate the locking/unlocking rotor 31 to be able to rotate the locking shaft 62 conveniently, a first clamping groove 622 is provided at one end of the locking shaft 62 opposite to the locking/unlocking rotor 31, the locking/unlocking rotor 31 is provided with a clamping boss 311, and the clamping boss 311 can be clamped into the first clamping groove 622 to rotate the locking shaft 62.
Further, in order to improve the bearing capacity of the first clamping groove 622 of the locking shaft 62, the locking ring 63 is provided with a second clamping groove, and when the locking ring 63 is sleeved on the locking shaft 62, the second clamping groove is correspondingly arranged with the first clamping groove 622, so that when the clamping boss 311 rotates the locking shaft 62, the clamping boss 311 can be simultaneously clamped in the first clamping groove 622 and the second clamping groove.
In this embodiment, the depth of the second engaging groove is smaller than that of the first engaging groove 622 to ensure that the locking and unlocking swivel 31 firstly jacks up the locking ring 63 when abutting against the locking mechanism 6, so that the first boss 631 is disengaged from the first groove 613. It will be appreciated that the disengagement distance of the first boss 631 from the first recess 613 is less than the jacking distance of the locking ring 63 to ensure that the first boss 631 is able to fully disengage from the first recess 613.
More specifically, to facilitate the return of the locking ring 63, the locking mechanism 6 further includes a first elastic member disposed in the housing 61, one end of the first elastic member abuts against the annular boss 623, and the other end of the first elastic member abuts against the second annular boss, so that the first elastic member always generates a force on the locking ring 63 toward the locking base 611, so that the locking ring 63 can return. Alternatively, the first elastic member may be selected as a compression spring.
Specifically, the lock-unlock mechanism 3 will now be described with reference to fig. 5. The lock/unlock mechanism 3 includes a lock/unlock rotary head 31, and the lock/unlock rotary head 31 can push the lock ring 63 to move in the axial direction of the lock shaft 62 so that the lock ring 63 rotates 90 ° simultaneously with the lock shaft 62. When the vehicle body drives the locking mechanism 6 to approach the locking and unlocking mechanism 3, the locking and unlocking rotary head 31 abuts against the locking ring 63, the locking ring 63 is jacked up by the locking and unlocking rotary head 31 under the reverse acting force of the locking mechanism 6, so that the locking ring 63 moves along the axial direction of the locking shaft 62, and then the locking and unlocking rotary head 31 is driven to rotate through the driving piece 7, so that the locking ring 63 and the locking shaft 62 rotate simultaneously.
With continued reference to fig. 5, in order to facilitate the installation and fixation of the locking and unlocking rotor 31, the locking and unlocking mechanism 3 further includes a rotor support 32, the rotor support 32 is fixedly disposed on the output shaft of the driving member 7, and the locking and unlocking rotor 31 is disposed on the rotor support 32.
Further, in order to provide a buffer force for the lock/unlock rotor 31 to contact with the lock mechanism 6, the lock/unlock mechanism 3 further includes a second elastic member 33, and the second elastic member 33 is provided on the outer periphery of the rotor holder 32 to support the lock/unlock rotor 31. Alternatively, the second elastic member 33 may be selected as a compression spring.
Still further, in order to prevent the locking and unlocking rotor 31 from being separated from the rotor support 32, the locking and unlocking mechanism 3 further includes a limiting pin 34, a sliding rod 312 is disposed on one side of the locking mechanism 6, which is away from the locking mechanism 31, the sliding rod 312 is slidably disposed on the rotor support 32, the sliding rod 312 is provided with a limiting slot 3121, a limiting hole is disposed on the rotor support 32, and the limiting pin 34 is fixedly disposed in the limiting hole and is located in the limiting slot 3121, so that the sliding rod 312 is not separated from the rotor support 32 when sliding. It will be appreciated that the swivel mount 32 is provided with a sliding slot in which the slide bar 312 is slidably disposed, with the limiting aperture disposed therethrough.
Specifically, in order to make the leveling detection mechanism 4 capable of detecting the heights of the front and rear wheels of the automobile, the structure is made more reasonable, the leveling detection mechanism includes two leveling detectors, the two leveling detectors are arranged on the side end face of the shield 1 at intervals, one leveling detector is arranged close to the front wheel, and the other leveling detector is arranged close to the rear wheel, so that the two leveling detectors can detect the heights of the front and rear wheels respectively. The leveling detection mechanism 4 can control the front lifting device and the rear lifting device to level the vehicle body, so that the abrasion condition of the positioning pin shaft 5 can be reduced, and the positioning accuracy is ensured.
As shown in fig. 7, in order to facilitate the mounting connection of the leveling detector and the shield 1, a connection block 11 is provided between the leveling detector and the side end surface of the shield 1, the connection block 11 is fixedly provided on the side end surface of the shield 1, and the leveling detector is provided on the connection block 11. Further, a plurality of adjusting holes are formed in the connecting block 11 and are arranged at intervals along the third direction, long slot holes are formed in the leveling detector, and bolts can be connected to the connecting block 11 through one or more adjusting holes selected from the long slot holes, so that the height of the leveling detector can be adjusted. Furthermore, two groups of adjusting holes are formed, each group of adjusting holes is provided with a plurality of adjusting holes, the two groups of adjusting holes are arranged at intervals along the second direction, the long slot holes correspond to the two groups of adjusting holes, and two adjusting holes are formed, so that the leveling detector is fixed more firmly. It is understood that the third direction, the first direction and the second direction are all perpendicular to each other.
With continued reference to fig. 7, details of the adjustment detector will now be described in connection with fig. 7. The leveling detector includes a guide block 41, a detection lever 42, a third elastic member, and a detection switch 43. The guide block 41 is provided with a long slot hole, the bolt sets the guide block 41 on the connecting block 11 through the long slot hole, the detection rod 42 is slidably arranged on the guide block 41, the third elastic piece is arranged in the guide block 41 and used for supporting the detection rod 42 so that the detection rod 42 can return after being forced to move downwards, the detection switch 43 is arranged at the bottom end of the guide block 41, and the detection rod 42 can move downwards to trigger the detection switch 43. It will be appreciated that the detection switch 43 is a proximity switch. In this embodiment, the third elastic member is a compression spring.
Specifically, for the convenience of fixing the detection switch, the leveling detector further comprises a fixing block 44, the fixing block 44 is arranged at the bottom end of the guide block 41, the fixing block 44 is provided with a detection switch mounting hole for mounting the detection switch 43, the detection switch 43 is arranged in the detection switch mounting hole in a penetrating mode, and two ends of the detection switch are positioned by bolts.
Preferably, in order to facilitate the position adjustment of the leveling detector to be more convenient, the leveling detector further comprises an adjusting plate 45, the adjusting plate 45 is arranged on the connecting block 11, a through hole is formed in the adjusting plate 45, a first threaded hole is formed in the guide block 41 corresponding to the through hole, a bolt penetrates through the through hole and is screwed into the first threaded hole, and the vertical adjustment of the leveling detector is realized by rotating the bolt. In this embodiment, the through holes are in one-to-one correspondence with the first threaded holes, and two through holes are respectively provided.
The embodiment also comprises a power exchange station which comprises the locking and unlocking platform for the automobile.
The embodiment also provides a power exchanging method which is applied to the power exchanging station and comprises the following steps:
s1, after an automobile reaches the shield 1, the front wheel and the rear wheel of the automobile respectively descend under the action of the front lifting device and the rear lifting device.
S2, detecting whether the automobile body of the automobile is parallel to the upper end face of the shield 1 through a leveling detection mechanism 4, if so, directly performing S3, and if not, performing S3 after leveling the automobile body of the automobile through a front lifting device and a rear lifting device.
Specifically, the method for leveling the automobile comprises the steps of detecting trigger signals of two leveling detectors, stopping descending of a front lifting device if the leveling detector positioned on the front wheel is triggered firstly, and continuing descending of a rear lifting device until the leveling detector positioned on the rear wheel is triggered; if the leveling detector positioned on the rear wheel is triggered firstly, the rear lifting device stops descending, and the front lifting device continues descending until the leveling detector positioned on the front wheel is triggered.
S3, the front lifting device and the rear lifting device simultaneously continue to descend to the locking and unlocking positions.
And S4, unlocking the locking mechanism 6 on the automobile by the locking and unlocking mechanism 3 so as to separate the battery assembly on the automobile in a power failure state from the automobile body.
S5, conveying the battery assembly in the power failure state by adopting a conveying device, conveying the battery assembly in the full power state to a required position, and replacing the battery assembly in the full power state.
And S6, the locking and unlocking mechanism 3 locks the locking mechanism 6 to enable the full-power battery assembly to be connected with the vehicle body.
And S7, the front lifting device and the rear lifting device lift the vehicle body at the same time, and the vehicle body is lifted to a detection position, and at the moment, the locking and unlocking mechanism 3 and the locking mechanism 6 can still be matched with each other.
In the present embodiment, the distance from the vehicle body lifted to the detection position is smaller than or equal to the stroke of the lock ring 63, so that the lock/unlock swivel 31 can still be engaged with the lock shaft 62 when the lock ring 63 returns to be engaged with the housing 61.
S8, the locking and unlocking rotary head 31 of the locking and unlocking mechanism 3 is rotated, the rotation moment is detected, if the rotation moment is detected to be too large, the locking ring 63 is returned, the locking is proved to be reliable, if the moment is detected to be too small, the locking ring 63 is not returned, the locking is proved to be unreliable, and at the moment, the locking needs to be carried out again. It will be appreciated that rotating the locking and unlocking rotor 31 improves the condition that the locking ring 63 does not return, avoiding jamming.
In an alternative embodiment, the rotation angle of the lock shaft 62 may also be detected, and whether the lock ring 63 is returned or not may be detected by judging the magnitude of the rotation angle.
It is to be understood that the above examples of the present invention are provided for clarity of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the invention are desired to be protected by the following claims.

Claims (10)

1. A locking and unlocking platform for an automobile, comprising:
a shield (1);
a front lifting device configured to support a front wheel of the vehicle and a rear lifting device configured to support a rear wheel of the vehicle;
a locking and unlocking mechanism (3) arranged on the shield (1), wherein a locking mechanism (6) is arranged on a battery assembly of the automobile, and the locking and unlocking mechanism (3) is configured to lock or unlock the locking mechanism (6) so as to connect or disconnect the battery assembly with or from a body of the automobile;
a leveling detection mechanism (4) provided on the shield (1), the leveling detection mechanism (4) being configured to detect whether the vehicle body is parallel to an upper end surface of the shield (1);
the locking mechanism (6) comprises a shell (61), a locking shaft (62) and a locking ring (63), wherein the shell (61) is fixedly arranged on a battery assembly, the locking shaft (62) is rotatably arranged in the shell (61), and when the locking shaft (62) is configured to rotate around the central axis of the locking shaft, the locking shaft (62) protrudes out of the first end of the shell (61) and can be connected with or separated from a vehicle body; the locking ring (63) is sleeved on the second end of the locking shaft (62) protruding out of the shell (61) and is arranged between the shell (61) and the locking shaft (62), and the locking ring (63) can move along the axial direction of the locking shaft (62) so as to switch between a locking position for limiting the rotation of the locking shaft (62) and an unlocking position for allowing the rotation of the locking shaft (62);
the locking and unlocking mechanism (3) comprises a locking and unlocking rotary head (31), wherein the locking and unlocking rotary head (31) can drive the locking ring (63) to move along the axial direction of the locking shaft (62) and drive the locking ring (63) and the locking shaft (62) to synchronously rotate around the central axis of the locking shaft (62);
the locking and unlocking platform for the automobile further comprises a driving piece (7), and the driving piece (7) is configured to drive the locking and unlocking rotary head (31) to rotate.
2. The locking and unlocking platform for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein a first clamping groove (622) is formed in one end, opposite to the locking and unlocking rotary head (31), of the locking shaft (62), a clamping boss (311) is arranged on the locking and unlocking rotary head (31), and the clamping boss (311) can be clamped into the first clamping groove (622) to drive the locking shaft (62) to rotate.
3. The locking and unlocking platform for a motor vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that the locking mechanism (6) further comprises a first elastic member provided in the housing (61), the first elastic member being configured to drive the locking ring (63) to move toward the locking and unlocking mechanism (3) to return.
4. The locking and unlocking platform for a motor vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking and unlocking mechanism (3) further comprises a swivel support (32), the swivel support (32) is fixedly arranged on the output end of the driving piece (7), and the locking and unlocking swivel (31) is arranged on the swivel support (32).
5. The locking and unlocking platform for an automobile according to claim 4, wherein the locking and unlocking mechanism (3) further comprises a second elastic member (33), the second elastic member (33) being provided to an outer periphery of the swivel support (32) to support the locking and unlocking swivel (31).
6. The locking and unlocking platform for an automobile according to claim 4, wherein the locking and unlocking mechanism (3) further comprises a limiting pin (34), a sliding rod (312) is arranged on one side, away from the locking mechanism (6), of the locking and unlocking swivel (31), the sliding rod (312) is arranged on the swivel support (32) in a sliding mode, a limiting groove (3121) is formed in the sliding rod (312), a limiting hole is formed in the swivel support (32), and the limiting pin (34) is fixedly arranged in the limiting hole and is located in the limiting groove (3121).
7. The locking and unlocking platform for automobiles according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the leveling detection mechanism (4) comprises two leveling detectors which are arranged on the side end face of the shield (1) at intervals and are used for detecting the heights of the front wheels and the rear wheels respectively.
8. The locking and unlocking platform for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a positioning pin (5), said positioning pin (5) being provided on said shield (1) for positioning said vehicle body.
9. A power exchange station comprising a locking and unlocking platform for a motor vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A power conversion method applied to a power conversion station according to claim 9, the power conversion method comprising the steps of:
s1, enabling an automobile to reach a shield (1), wherein front wheels and rear wheels of the automobile respectively descend to leveling positions under the action of a front lifting device and a rear lifting device;
s2, detecting whether the automobile body of the automobile is parallel to the upper end face of the shield (1) or not by a leveling detection mechanism (4), if so, directly performing S3, and if not, performing leveling on the automobile body of the automobile by the front lifting device and the rear lifting device, and then performing S3;
s3, the front lifting device and the rear lifting device continuously descend to a locking and unlocking position;
s4, unlocking a locking mechanism (6) on the automobile by a locking and unlocking mechanism (3) so as to separate a battery assembly in a power failure state from the automobile body;
s5, conveying the battery assembly in the power failure state by adopting a conveying device, conveying the battery assembly in the full power state to a required position, and replacing the battery assembly in the full power state;
s6, locking the locking mechanism (6) by the locking and unlocking mechanism (3) so that the battery assembly in the full-power state is connected with the vehicle body;
s7, the front lifting device and the rear lifting device lift the vehicle body to a detection position, and at the moment, the locking and unlocking mechanism (3) and the locking mechanism (6) can still be matched with each other;
and S8, rotating the locking and unlocking mechanism (3), detecting a rotation moment, if the rotation moment is too large, locking reliably, and if the rotation moment is too small, locking unreliably, and re-locking is needed.
CN202111137740.6A 2021-09-27 2021-09-27 Locking and unlocking platform, power exchange station and power exchange method for automobile Active CN113844328B (en)

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CN106740725B (en) * 2016-12-30 2020-03-17 上海电巴新能源科技有限公司 Battery replacing platform, battery replacing mobile platform and quick-change system for replacing batteries of electric vehicle
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