CN113841901A - 一种高活性合生素制剂冻干粉的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种合生素制剂冻干粉的制备方法,本方法采用酵母β‑葡聚糖作为益生元与益生菌共混溶液冷冻干燥制得的粉末制剂。由于酵母β‑葡聚糖具有抗病毒、抗肿瘤、抗辐射等功能,并能促进益生菌生长。冷冻干燥期间,酵母β‑葡聚糖对益生菌具有保护作用,同时酵母β‑葡聚糖作为益生元,可避免消化道中胃酸和消化酶对益生菌的消化作用,使益生菌到达肠道时活菌数量增加,且可促进益生菌的生长,具有保护益生菌活性和促进其肠道增殖的双重功效。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种高活性合生素制剂冻干粉的制备方法,属于食品及生物技术领域。
背景技术
人体内的微生物数量庞大且种类繁多,共同构成了机体功能强大的微生物系统。肠道菌群在人类疾病、代谢和营养等方面发挥着重要的作用,其功能主要有以下三个方面:(1)代谢功能;(2)营养功能;(3)免疫调节功能。
在益生菌赋予宿主健康益处之前,它们必须在胃肠道条件下生存,而胃肠道的恶劣条件(高酸,胆盐,消化酶,胆汁盐,蠕动应力等)也会严重影响其活性。益生菌在上述不利条件下存活并保持较高的细菌存活率,才能发挥其功能。因此,合生素的制备,保证了储存和喂养过程期间乳杆菌的生存力,并获得足够的健康效益。合生素是益生菌和益生元的组合,以提高益生菌的存活率和在胃肠道中植入益生菌为目标,以促进有益的细菌群。在各种益生菌中,乳杆菌是最常用的益生菌剂。
市面上常见的合生素制剂通常采用液态益生元和益生菌混合送服的方式,该方式并不能很好地保护益生菌免受胃酸消化,另有部分合生素采用微囊化技术来保护益生菌,此种方式生产的产品形式多为微球制剂,对益生菌的保藏及胃肠道的酸性环境的活性保护作用也十分有限。
发明内容
本发明需要解决的技术问题是提供一种具有高活性的合生素制剂的冻干粉的制备方法,使益生菌能够在胃肠道及低温环境中保持高活性。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用了以下技术手段:
一种高活性合生素制剂冻干粉的制备方法,以酵母β-葡聚糖与益生菌泥为原料,添加到生理盐水中得酵母β-葡聚糖与益生菌泥共混溶液,再将酵母β-葡聚糖与益生菌泥共混溶液经真空冷冻干燥后获取高活性合生素制剂冻干粉。
所述的酵母β-葡聚糖是面包酵母β-葡聚糖。
所述的酵母β-葡聚糖是浓度为30%-50%的酵母β-葡聚糖。
所述的生理盐水是质量浓度为0.9%的生理盐水。
所述的益生菌泥与酵母β-葡聚糖按质量比为1:1-3:1来制备。
所述的生理盐水添加量为与益生菌泥及酵母β-葡聚糖及生理盐水混合物的11%(w/v)。
所述的益生菌泥按以下步骤制备:
将益生菌粉用无菌水稀释后,在MRS培养基上分区划线,划线结束后平皿倒置,放入37℃培养箱中恒温培养40-72h;
将平皿培养出的菌落接种至MRS液体培养基中,调整pH至5.5-6.0,放入37℃培养箱中培养48h,得到益生菌培养液;
将益生菌培养液离心浓缩,收集益生菌泥;
所述的益生菌选自乳杆菌属或双歧杆菌属中的可食用菌种,为单一菌株或多菌株的混合物。
所述的MRS培养基按以下组成及浓度配制:蛋白脉10g/L、牛肉膏10g/L、酵母膏5g/L、葡萄糖20g/L、乙酸钠5g/L、吐温1.0mL、柠檬酸三铵2g/L、硫酸镁0.5g/L、硫酸锰0.25g/L、磷酸氢二钾2g/L、琼脂15g/L,其余为无菌水。将各组分混合均匀后调节pH至5.5-6.0。
所述的MRS液体培养基按以下方法制备:
按以下浓度蛋白脉10g/L,牛肉膏10g/L,酵母膏5g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,乙酸钠5g/L,吐温1.0mL,柠檬酸三铵2g/L,硫酸镁0.5g/L,硫酸锰0.25g/L,磷酸氢二钾2g/L,其余为无菌水,混合均匀后调整pH为5.5-6.0,即为MRS液体培养基。
本发明获得的有益效果是:
合生素的发展预示着功能性食品设计的一个有希望的方法,将有助于调节肠道微生物群和传递健康影响。与单独的益生菌或益生元的活性相比,合生素的使用对在食物及饮料的货架期内的长期稳定性以及益生菌对加工的抵抗力等功能产生积极影响。合生素可提高和保持细胞通过胃和小肠后的活力,并提高益生菌菌株在体内消化过程中的生存能力。
由于采用酵母β-葡聚糖,可以减少益生菌在胃肠道中被消化。
与采用酵母β-葡聚糖混合益生菌粉的方式相比,益生菌活菌数显著提高。
附图说明:
图1是本发明的工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明进行说明;
实施例1、2、3、4是以植物乳杆菌为例,对本发明进行说明,实施例1作为对比组,未添加酵母β-葡聚糖。实施例5、6以嗜酸乳杆菌为例对本发明进行说明,实施例5作为对比组,未添加酵母β-葡聚糖。实施例7、8以嗜热链球菌为例对本发明进行说明,实施例7作为对比组,未添加酵母β-葡聚糖。实施例9、10以保加利亚乳杆菌为例对本发明进行说明,实施例9作为对比组,未添加酵母β-葡聚糖。实施例11、12以嗜酸乳杆菌、嗜热链球菌、保加利亚、植物乳杆菌为例对本发明进行说明,实施例11作为对比组,未添加酵母β-葡聚糖。
实施例1
S1、益生菌菌种划线培养(以植物乳杆菌为例):植物乳杆菌菌粉用无菌水稀释后,在MRS固体培养基(蛋白脉10g/L,牛肉膏10g/L,酵母膏5g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,乙酸钠5g/L,吐温1.0mL,柠檬酸三铵2g/L,硫酸镁0.5g/L,硫酸锰0.25g/L,磷酸氢二钾2g/L,琼脂15g/L)上分区划线,划线结束后,平皿倒置,37℃培养箱恒温培养48小时;
S2、发酵培养:挑取步骤S2中平皿上的单菌落接种至MRS液体培养基(蛋白脉10g/L,牛肉膏10g/L,酵母膏5g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,乙酸钠5g/L,吐温1.0mL,柠檬酸三铵2g/L,硫酸镁0.5g/L,硫酸锰0.25g/L,磷酸氢二钾2g/L)中,温度37℃,pH5.5-6.0,培养时间48h;
S3、培养液离心浓缩,收集菌泥;
S4、将离心后的植物乳杆菌菌泥添加到11%无菌生理盐水(w/v)中,在振荡器中充分混合均匀制备共混溶液,进行真空冷冻干燥后取出。
实施例2
S1、益生菌菌种划线培养(以植物乳杆菌为例):植物乳杆菌菌粉用无菌水稀释后,在MRS固体培养基(蛋白脉10g/L,牛肉膏10g/L,酵母膏5g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,乙酸钠5g/L,吐温1.0mL,柠檬酸三铵2g/L,硫酸镁0.5g/L,硫酸锰0.25g/L,磷酸氢二钾2g/L,琼脂15g/L)上分区划线,划线结束后,平皿倒置,37℃培养箱恒温培养48小时;
S2、发酵培养:挑取步骤S2中平皿上的单菌落接种至MRS液体培养基(蛋白脉10g/L,牛肉膏10g/L,酵母膏5g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,乙酸钠5g/L,吐温1.0mL,柠檬酸三铵2g/L,硫酸镁0.5g/L,硫酸锰0.25g/L,磷酸氢二钾2g/L)中,温度37℃,pH5.5-6.0,培养时间48h;
S3、培养液离心浓缩,收集菌泥;
S4、将离心后的菌泥按质量比1:1加入酵母β-葡聚糖,添加到11%无菌生理盐水(w/v)中充分混合均匀制备共混溶液,进行真空冷冻干燥后取出。
实施例3
S1、益生菌菌种划线培养(以植物乳杆菌为例):植物乳杆菌菌粉用无菌水稀释后,在MRS固体培养基(蛋白脉10g/L,牛肉膏10g/L,酵母膏5g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,乙酸钠5g/L,吐温1.0mL,柠檬酸三铵2g/L,硫酸镁0.5g/L,硫酸锰0.25g/L,磷酸氢二钾2g/L,琼脂15g/L)上分区划线,划线结束后,平皿倒置,37℃培养箱恒温培养48小时;
S2、发酵培养:挑取步骤S2中平皿上的单菌落接种至MRS液体培养基(蛋白脉10g/L,牛肉膏10g/L,酵母膏5g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,乙酸钠5g/L,吐温1.0mL,柠檬酸三铵2g/L,硫酸镁0.5g/L,硫酸锰0.25g/L,磷酸氢二钾2g/L)中,温度37℃,pH5.5-6.0,培养时间48h;
S3、培养液离心浓缩,收集菌泥;
S4、将离心后的菌泥按质量比2:1加入酵母β-葡聚糖,添加到11%无菌生理盐水(w/v)中充分混合均匀制备共混溶液,进行真空冷冻干燥后取出。
实施例4
S1、益生菌菌种划线培养(以植物乳杆菌为例):植物乳杆菌菌粉用无菌水稀释后,在MRS固体培养基(蛋白脉10g/L,牛肉膏10g/L,酵母膏5g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,乙酸钠5g/L,吐温1.0mL,柠檬酸三铵2g/L,硫酸镁0.5g/L,硫酸锰0.25g/L,磷酸氢二钾2g/L,琼脂15g/L)上分区划线,划线结束后,平皿倒置,37℃培养箱恒温培养48小时;
S2、发酵培养:挑取步骤S2中平皿上的单菌落接种至MRS液体培养基(蛋白脉10g/L,牛肉膏10g/L,酵母膏5g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,乙酸钠5g/L,吐温1.0mL,柠檬酸三铵2g/L,硫酸镁0.5g/L,硫酸锰0.25g/L,磷酸氢二钾2g/L)中,温度37℃,pH5.5-6.0,培养时间48h;
S3、培养液离心浓缩,收集菌泥;
S4、将离心后的菌泥按质量比3:1加入酵母β-葡聚糖,添加到11%无菌生理盐水(w/v)中充分混合均匀制备共混溶液,进行真空冷冻干燥后取出。
实施例5
S1、益生菌菌种划线培养(以嗜酸乳杆菌为例):嗜酸乳杆菌菌粉用无菌水稀释后,在MRS固体培养基(蛋白脉10g/L,牛肉膏10g/L,酵母膏5g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,乙酸钠5g/L,吐温1.0mL,柠檬酸三铵2g/L,硫酸镁0.5g/L,硫酸锰0.25g/L,磷酸氢二钾2g/L,琼脂15g/L)上分区划线,划线结束后,平皿倒置,37℃培养箱恒温培养48小时;
S2、发酵培养:挑取步骤S2中平皿上的单菌落接种至MRS液体培养基(蛋白脉10g/L,牛肉膏10g/L,酵母膏5g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,乙酸钠5g/L,吐温1.0mL,柠檬酸三铵2g/L,硫酸镁0.5g/L,硫酸锰0.25g/L,磷酸氢二钾2g/L)中,温度37℃,pH5.5-6.0,培养时间48h;
S3、培养液离心浓缩,收集菌泥;
S4、将离心后的菌泥,添加到11%无菌生理盐水(w/v)中充分混合均匀制备共混溶液,进行真空冷冻干燥后取出。
实施例6
S1、益生菌菌种划线培养(以嗜酸乳杆菌为例):嗜酸乳杆菌菌粉用无菌水稀释后,在MRS固体培养基(蛋白脉10g/L,牛肉膏10g/L,酵母膏5g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,乙酸钠5g/L,吐温1.0mL,柠檬酸三铵2g/L,硫酸镁0.5g/L,硫酸锰0.25g/L,磷酸氢二钾2g/L,琼脂15g/L)上分区划线,划线结束后,平皿倒置,37℃培养箱恒温培养48小时;
S2、发酵培养:挑取步骤S2中平皿上的单菌落接种至MRS液体培养基(蛋白脉10g/L,牛肉膏10g/L,酵母膏5g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,乙酸钠5g/L,吐温1.0mL,柠檬酸三铵2g/L,硫酸镁0.5g/L,硫酸锰0.25g/L,磷酸氢二钾2g/L)中,温度37℃,pH5.5-6.0,培养时间48h;
S3、培养液离心浓缩,收集菌泥;
S4、将离心后的菌泥按质量比1:1加入酵母β-葡聚糖,添加到11%无菌生理盐水(w/v)中充分混合均匀制备共混溶液,进行真空冷冻干燥后取出。
实施例7
S1、益生菌菌种划线培养(以嗜热链球菌为例):嗜热链球菌菌粉用无菌水稀释后,在MRS固体培养基(蛋白脉10g/L,牛肉膏10g/L,酵母膏5g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,乙酸钠5g/L,吐温1.0mL,柠檬酸三铵2g/L,硫酸镁0.5g/L,硫酸锰0.25g/L,磷酸氢二钾2g/L,琼脂15g/L)上分区划线,划线结束后,平皿倒置,37℃培养箱恒温培养48小时;
S2、发酵培养:挑取步骤S2中平皿上的单菌落接种至MRS液体培养基(蛋白脉10g/L,牛肉膏10g/L,酵母膏5g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,乙酸钠5g/L,吐温1.0mL,柠檬酸三铵2g/L,硫酸镁0.5g/L,硫酸锰0.25g/L,磷酸氢二钾2g/L)中,温度37℃,pH5.5-6.0,培养时间48h;
S3、培养液离心浓缩,收集菌泥;
S4、将离心后的菌泥,添加到11%无菌生理盐水(w/v)中充分混合均匀制备共混溶液,进行真空冷冻干燥后取出。
实施例8
S1、益生菌菌种划线培养(以嗜热链球菌为例):嗜热链球菌菌粉用无菌水稀释后,在MRS固体培养基(蛋白脉10g/L,牛肉膏10g/L,酵母膏5g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,乙酸钠5g/L,吐温1.0mL,柠檬酸三铵2g/L,硫酸镁0.5g/L,硫酸锰0.25g/L,磷酸氢二钾2g/L,琼脂15g/L)上分区划线,划线结束后,平皿倒置,37℃培养箱恒温培养48小时;
S2、发酵培养:挑取步骤S2中平皿上的单菌落接种至MRS液体培养基(蛋白脉10g/L,牛肉膏10g/L,酵母膏5g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,乙酸钠5g/L,吐温1.0mL,柠檬酸三铵2g/L,硫酸镁0.5g/L,硫酸锰0.25g/L,磷酸氢二钾2g/L)中,温度37℃,pH5.5-6.0,培养时间48h;
S3、培养液离心浓缩,收集菌泥;
S4、将离心后的菌泥按质量比1:1加入酵母β-葡聚糖,添加到11%无菌生理盐水(w/v)中充分混合均匀制备共混溶液,进行真空冷冻干燥后取出。
实施例9
S1、益生菌菌种划线培养(以保加利亚乳杆菌为例):保加利亚乳杆菌菌粉用无菌水稀释后,在MRS固体培养基(蛋白脉10g/L,牛肉膏10g/L,酵母膏5g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,乙酸钠5g/L,吐温1.0mL,柠檬酸三铵2g/L,硫酸镁0.5g/L,硫酸锰0.25g/L,磷酸氢二钾2g/L,琼脂15g/L)上分区划线,划线结束后,平皿倒置,37℃培养箱恒温培养48小时;
S2、发酵培养:挑取步骤S2中平皿上的单菌落接种至MRS液体培养基(蛋白脉10g/L,牛肉膏10g/L,酵母膏5g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,乙酸钠5g/L,吐温1.0mL,柠檬酸三铵2g/L,硫酸镁0.5g/L,硫酸锰0.25g/L,磷酸氢二钾2g/L)中,温度37℃,pH5.5-6.0,培养时间48h;
S3、培养液离心浓缩,收集菌泥;
S4、将离心后的菌泥,添加到11%无菌生理盐水(w/v)中充分混合均匀制备共混溶液,进行真空冷冻干燥后取出。
实施例10
S1、益生菌菌种划线培养(以保加利亚乳杆菌为例):保加利亚乳杆菌菌粉用无菌水稀释后,在MRS固体培养基(蛋白脉10g/L,牛肉膏10g/L,酵母膏5g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,乙酸钠5g/L,吐温1.0mL,柠檬酸三铵2g/L,硫酸镁0.5g/L,硫酸锰0.25g/L,磷酸氢二钾2g/L,琼脂15g/L)上分区划线,划线结束后,平皿倒置,37℃培养箱恒温培养48小时;
S2、发酵培养:挑取步骤S2中平皿上的单菌落接种至MRS液体培养基(蛋白脉10g/L,牛肉膏10g/L,酵母膏5g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,乙酸钠5g/L,吐温1.0mL,柠檬酸三铵2g/L,硫酸镁0.5g/L,硫酸锰0.25g/L,磷酸氢二钾2g/L)中,温度37℃,pH5.5-6.0,培养时间48h;
S3、培养液离心浓缩,收集菌泥;
S4、将离心后的菌泥按质量比1:1加入酵母β-葡聚糖,添加到11%无菌生理盐水(w/v)中充分混合均匀制备共混溶液,进行真空冷冻干燥后取出。
实施例11
S1、益生菌菌种划线培养(以嗜酸乳杆菌、嗜热链球菌、保加利亚、植物乳杆菌为例):嗜酸乳杆菌、嗜热链球菌、保加利亚乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌菌粉按质量比为1:1:1:1称取。同实例1-7质量的混合菌粉用无菌水稀释后,在MRS固体培养基(蛋白脉10g/L,牛肉膏10g/L,酵母膏5g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,乙酸钠5g/L,吐温1.0mL,柠檬酸三铵2g/L,硫酸镁0.5g/L,硫酸锰0.25g/L,磷酸氢二钾2g/L,琼脂15g/L)上分区划线,划线结束后,平皿倒置,37℃培养箱恒温培养48小时;
S2、发酵培养:挑取步骤S2中平皿上的单菌落接种至MRS液体培养基(蛋白脉10g/L,牛肉膏10g/L,酵母膏5g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,乙酸钠5g/L,吐温1.0mL,柠檬酸三铵2g/L,硫酸镁0.5g/L,硫酸锰0.25g/L,磷酸氢二钾2g/L)中,温度37℃,pH5.5-6.0,培养时间48h;
S3、培养液离心浓缩,收集菌泥;
S4、将离心后的菌泥,添加到11%无菌生理盐水(w/v)中充分混合均匀制备共混溶液,进行真空冷冻干燥后取出。
实施例12
S1、益生菌菌种划线培养(以嗜酸乳杆菌、嗜热链球菌、保加利亚、植物乳杆菌为例):嗜酸乳杆菌、嗜热链球菌、保加利亚乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌菌粉按质量比为1:1:1:1称取。同实例1-7质量的混合菌粉用无菌水稀释后,在MRS固体培养基(蛋白脉10g/L,牛肉膏10g/L,酵母膏5g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,乙酸钠5g/L,吐温1.0mL,柠檬酸三铵2g/L,硫酸镁0.5g/L,硫酸锰0.25g/L,磷酸氢二钾2g/L,琼脂15g/L)上分区划线,划线结束后,平皿倒置,37℃培养箱恒温培养48小时;
S2、发酵培养:挑取步骤S2中平皿上的单菌落接种至MRS液体培养基(蛋白脉10g/L,牛肉膏10g/L,酵母膏5g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,乙酸钠5g/L,吐温1.0mL,柠檬酸三铵2g/L,硫酸镁0.5g/L,硫酸锰0.25g/L,磷酸氢二钾2g/L)中,温度37℃,pH5.5-6.0,培养时间48h;
S3、培养液离心浓缩,收集菌泥;
S4、将离心后的菌泥按质量比1:1加入面包酵母β-葡聚糖,添加到11%无菌生理盐水(w/v)中充分混合均匀制备共混溶液,进行真空冷冻干燥后取出。
由实施例1-8制得的合生素制剂,对活菌数进行测量。使用1g合生素粉末配以11%无菌生理盐水(w/v)进行活化。取活化液1mL在0.9%的无菌生理盐水中连续稀释14-15倍,以10-12、10-13、10-14、10-15稀释度进行铺板,并将板在37℃下孵育48小时。每克样品计算菌落形成单位(CFU)。得到如下数据:
表1各实施例测定出的活菌数量表
从表1可以得出,酵母β-葡聚糖促进益生菌高活性生长及繁殖。培养48小时后合生素中的活菌数呈增长趋势,表明酵母β-葡聚糖可促进益生菌增殖。
Claims (10)
1.一种高活性合生素制剂冻干粉的制备方法,其特征在于,以酵母β-葡聚糖与益生菌泥为原料,添加到生理盐水中得酵母β-葡聚糖与益生菌泥共混溶液,再将酵母β-葡聚糖与益生菌泥共混溶液经真空冷冻干燥后获取高活性合生素制剂冻干粉。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的酵母β-葡聚糖是面包酵母β-葡聚糖。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的酵母β-葡聚糖是浓度为30%-50%的酵母β-葡聚糖。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的生理盐水是质量浓度为0.9%的生理盐水。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的益生菌泥与酵母β-葡聚糖按质量比为1:1-3:1来制备。
6.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的生理盐水添加量为与益生菌泥及酵母β-葡聚糖及生理盐水混合物的11%(w/v)。
7.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的益生菌泥按以下步骤制备:
将益生菌粉用无菌水稀释后,在MRS培养基上分区划线,划线结束后平皿倒置,放入37℃培养箱中恒温培养48h;
将平皿培养出的菌落接种至MRS液体培养基中,调整pH至5.5-6.0,放入37℃培养箱中培养48h,得到益生菌培养液;
将益生菌培养液离心浓缩,收集益生菌泥。
8.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的益生菌是乳杆菌属或双歧杆菌属中的可食用菌种,为单一菌株或多菌株的混合物。
9.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的MRS培养基按以下组成及浓度配制:蛋白脉10g/L、牛肉膏10g/L、酵母膏5g/L、葡萄糖20g/L、乙酸钠5g/L、吐温1.0mL、柠檬酸三铵2g/L、硫酸镁0.5g/L、硫酸锰0.25g/L、磷酸氢二钾2g/L、琼脂15g/L,其余为无菌水,将各组分混合均匀后调节pH至5.5-6.0。
10.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的MRS液体培养基按以下方法制备:蛋白脉10g/L、牛肉膏10g/L、酵母膏5g/L、葡萄糖20g/L、乙酸钠5g/L、吐温1.0mL、柠檬酸三铵2g/L、硫酸镁0.5g/L、硫酸锰0.25g/L、磷酸氢二钾2g/L、琼脂15g/L,其余为无菌水,将各组分混合均匀后调节pH至5.5-6.0。
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