CN113839481B - Novel rhombus modulation pole vernier permanent magnet motor - Google Patents
Novel rhombus modulation pole vernier permanent magnet motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN113839481B CN113839481B CN202111238189.4A CN202111238189A CN113839481B CN 113839481 B CN113839481 B CN 113839481B CN 202111238189 A CN202111238189 A CN 202111238189A CN 113839481 B CN113839481 B CN 113839481B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
- H02K1/146—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
- H02K1/278—Surface mounted magnets; Inset magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2786—Outer rotors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/02—Details
- H02K21/021—Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux
- H02K21/022—Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux by modifying the relative position between field and armature, e.g. between rotor and stator
- H02K21/025—Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux by modifying the relative position between field and armature, e.g. between rotor and stator by varying the thickness of the air gap between field and armature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
- H02K3/18—Windings for salient poles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
- H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
- H02K2201/03—Machines characterised by aspects of the air-gap between rotor and stator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of low-speed direct-drive large-torque motors, in particular to a novel rhombic modulation pole vernier permanent magnet motor which comprises a stator and a rotor, wherein an air gap is formed between the stator and the rotor; the stator comprises a stator core and an armature winding; the stator iron core comprises armature teeth, fault-tolerant teeth, modulation poles and a stator yoke; the armature teeth and the fault-tolerant teeth are alternately and uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, the tips of the armature teeth and the fault-tolerant teeth are provided with modulation electrodes, the modulation electrodes are in a diamond shape, and the modulation electrodes are arranged oppositely in pairs and uniformly distributed at intervals along the circumferential surface; the modulation pole of the stator adopts a diamond structure, the winding adopts a single-layer concentrated winding, the rotor adopts a surface-mounted permanent magnet rotor structure in a radial magnetizing mode, and the motor can be an inner rotor structure or an outer rotor structure. Compared with the traditional rectangular modulation pole vernier permanent magnet motor, the novel rhombic modulation pole structure can obviously increase the air gap flux density of the vernier permanent magnet motor, so that the torque density of the vernier permanent magnet motor is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of low-speed direct-drive large-torque motors, in particular to a novel rhombic modulation pole vernier permanent magnet motor.
Background
With the high-quality development of society and the advance of modern industrial process, permanent magnet motors are increasingly applied to the fields of aerospace, military equipment, electric automobiles, wind power generation, oil field exploitation and the like. Wherein, in low-speed big torque application occasion, adopt electric direct drive system can remove the gear box, eliminate noise and trouble that arouse by gear drive, help improving system efficiency and reliability. If the traditional permanent magnet synchronous motor is directly driven, the volume of the traditional permanent magnet synchronous motor is inevitably increased, and the torque density is reduced. In recent years, a Vernier Permanent Magnet (VPM) motor having a high torque density characteristic based on a "magnetic gear effect" has attracted attention of broad researchers. Based on the magnetic field modulation effect, the stator air gap magnetic field with lower rotating speed is modulated into a stator air gap magnetic field with high rotating speed by utilizing a modulation pole, so that the self-speed-increasing effect is realized, and the essential requirement of a low-speed high-torque direct drive system is met. The fractional slot concentrated winding is introduced into the VPM motor, and the armature teeth and the fault-tolerant tooth width are optimally configured, so that the interphase independence of the winding can be maximized while the motor provides high torque density, and the aim of high fault-tolerant performance of the VPM motor is fulfilled. However, the conventional rectangular modulation pole VPM motor has a limited magnetic field modulation effect, and is difficult to maximize the torque density, and the power factor is difficult to be effectively improved.
At present, the enhanced magnetic field modulation motor mostly uses a double-stator or double-rotor structure as a main body, the complexity of the motor is undoubtedly increased by a multi-layer air gap structure, the mechanical strength and the reliability of the whole machine are difficult to guarantee, and the advantage of high phase-to-phase independence of concentrated windings is sacrificed even for some motors. Therefore, on the premise of not increasing the complexity of the motor and keeping high fault-tolerant performance, the torque density and the power factor of the VPM motor are improved, and the method has important practical significance for high-performance operation of the whole direct drive system.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a novel rhombic modulation pole vernier permanent magnet motor which can obviously increase the air gap flux density of the vernier permanent magnet motor so as to improve the torque density of the vernier permanent magnet motor.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a novel rhombic modulation pole vernier permanent magnet motor comprises a stator and a rotor, wherein an air gap is formed between the stator and the rotor;
the stator comprises a stator core and an armature winding;
the stator iron core comprises armature teeth, fault-tolerant teeth, modulation poles and a stator yoke; the armature teeth and the fault-tolerant teeth are alternately and uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, the tips of the armature teeth and the fault-tolerant teeth are provided with modulation electrodes, the modulation electrodes are in a diamond shape, and the modulation electrodes are arranged oppositely in pairs and uniformly distributed at intervals along the circumferential surface;
the rotor includes a rotor core and a permanent magnet;
the permanent magnet adopts a radial magnetizing mode, and the surface of the permanent magnet is attached to the inner surface of the rotor core.
Preferably, the stator core is formed by laminating silicon steel sheetsThe inner radius of the stator core is r4The outer radius of the stator core is r1The radius of the bottom of the modulation pole is r2The radius of the stator yoke is r3The width of the armature teeth is wATTSaid fault-tolerant tooth width is wFTT。
Preferably, the inner radius and outer radius ratio r of the stator core4/r10.417, the ratio of the bottom radius of the modulation pole to the outer radius of the stator core r2/r1Is 0.933, the ratio of the radius of the stator yoke to the radius of the inner diameter of the stator core r3/r41.4, the armature tooth width and fault-tolerant tooth width ratio wATT/wFTTIs 1.27.
Preferably, the central angle between the notch of the modulation pole and the bottom end of two adjacent modulation poles is theta1The central angle corresponding to two end points of the side edge of the modulation electrode is theta2The central angle corresponding to two end points of the modulation pole close to the side edge of the air gap is theta1+θ2The groove pitch angle of the modulation pole is theta3。
Preferably, the central angle θ corresponding to the modulation pole is1，θ2，θ3Satisfies the relation 4 (theta)1+θ2)＝θ3Wherein, theta1/θ2＝0.8。
Preferably, the armature winding is wound on the armature teeth in a concentrated manner, and the span of the armature winding is 1.
Preferably, the permanent magnet is processed by neodymium iron boron materials, and the pole arc coefficient of the permanent magnet is 1.
Preferably, the number of poles of the modulation pole is NmThe number of pole pairs of the armature winding is NwThe number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet is NpNumber of poles N of said modulation polemThe number of pole pairs of the armature winding is NwAnd the number of pole pairs N of the permanent magnetpSatisfy the theoretical relationship of magnetic field modulation, namely Nm-Nw＝Np。
By adopting the technical scheme: the modulation pole of the stator adopts a diamond structure, the winding adopts a single-layer concentrated winding, the rotor adopts a surface-mounted permanent magnet rotor structure in a radial magnetizing mode, and the motor can be an inner rotor structure or an outer rotor structure. Compared with the traditional rectangular modulation pole vernier permanent magnet motor, the novel rhombic modulation pole structure can obviously increase the air gap flux density of the vernier permanent magnet motor, so that the torque density of the vernier permanent magnet motor is improved. Meanwhile, the novel rhombic modulation pole structure can also increase the power factor.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention only changes the shape of the modulation pole, and can effectively improve the magnetic field modulation effect of the VPM motor on the premise of not increasing the structural complexity of the VPM motor and keeping high fault-tolerant performance, thereby improving the torque density and the power factor of the VPM motor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a novel diamond modulated pole VPM motor of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a novel diamond-shaped modulating electrode structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a conventional rectangular modulated pole stator structure and a dimension map;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure and dimensions of the novel rhombic modulation pole stator of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a no-load back emf waveform of a conventional rectangular modulated pole VPM motor and the novel diamond modulated pole VPM motor of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a torque waveform diagram of a conventional rectangular modulated pole VPM motor and a novel diamond modulated pole VPM motor of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can better understand the advantages and features of the present invention, and thus the scope of the present invention is more clearly defined. The embodiments described herein are only a few embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty based on the embodiments described herein are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a novel rhombic modulation pole vernier permanent magnet motor comprises a stator 1 and a rotor 2, wherein an air gap is formed between the stator 1 and the rotor 2, and the thickness of the air gap is 0.5 mm.
The stator 1 includes a stator core 11 and an armature winding 12.
The stator iron core 11 comprises armature teeth 11-I, fault-tolerant teeth 11-II, modulation poles 11-III and stator yokes 11-IV; the armature teeth 11-I and the fault-tolerant teeth 11-II are alternately and uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, the top ends of the armature teeth 11-I and the fault-tolerant teeth 11-II are respectively provided with a modulation electrode 11-III, the modulation electrodes 11-III are in a diamond shape, and the modulation electrodes 11-III are arranged in pairs in opposite and are uniformly distributed at intervals along the circumferential surface.
The rotor 2 includes a rotor core 21 and a permanent magnet 22;
the permanent magnet 22 adopts a radial magnetizing mode, and the surface of the permanent magnet 22 is attached to the inner surface of the rotor core 21.
Specifically, the stator core 11 is formed by laminating silicon steel sheets, and the inner radius of the stator core 11 is r4The outer radius of the stator core 11 is r1The radius of the bottom of the modulation electrode 11-III is r2The radius of the stator yoke 11-IV is r3The width of the armature tooth 11-I is wATTThe width of the fault-tolerant teeth 11-II is wFTT。
Wherein the ratio r of the inner radius to the outer radius of the stator core 114/r1Is 0.417, the ratio r of the bottom radius of the modulation pole 11-III to the outer radius of the stator core 11 is2/r1Is 0.933, the radius ratio r of the stator yoke 11-IV and the inner radius of the stator core 113/r41.4, armature tooth 11-I width and fault tolerant tooth 11-II width ratio wATT/wFTTWas 1.27.
Specifically, the central angle between the notch of the modulation electrode 11-III and the bottom end of the adjacent two modulation electrodes is θ1The central angle corresponding to the two end points of the side edge of the modulation electrode 11-III is theta2The central angle corresponding to two end points of the modulation electrode 11-III close to the air gap side is theta1+θ2The modulation pole 11-III has a groove pitch angle theta3。
In particular, the regulationCentral angle theta corresponding to pole 11-III1，θ2，θ3Satisfies the relation 4 (theta)1+θ2)＝θ3Wherein, theta1/θ2＝0.8。
Specifically, the armature winding 12 is wound on the armature teeth 11-I in a concentrated manner, and the span of the armature winding 12 is 1.
Specifically, the permanent magnet 22 is processed by using a neodymium iron boron material, and the pole arc coefficient of the permanent magnet 22 is 1.
Specifically, the number of the modulation poles 11-III is NmThe number of pole pairs of the armature winding 12 is NwThe number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet 22 is NpNumber N of poles of said modulation poles 11-IIImThe number of pole pairs of the armature winding 12 is NwAnd the number of pole pairs N of the permanent magnet 22pSatisfy the theoretical relationship of magnetic field modulation, namely Nm-Nw＝Np。
In this embodiment, the stator modulation poles adopt a diamond structure, the windings adopt single-layer concentrated windings, the rotor adopts a surface-mounted permanent magnet rotor structure adopting a radial magnetizing mode, and the motor can be an inner rotor structure or an outer rotor structure. Compared with the traditional rectangular modulation pole vernier permanent magnet motor, the novel rhombic modulation pole structure can obviously increase the air gap flux density of the vernier permanent magnet motor, so that the torque density of the vernier permanent magnet motor is improved. Meanwhile, the novel rhombic modulation pole structure can also increase the power factor.
Referring to FIG. 2, a schematic diagram of the structure of the novel diamond-shaped modulator of the present invention, the number N of the modulator 11-IIIm40 and are arranged two by two opposite along the circumferential surface.
Referring to FIG. 3, which is a schematic diagram of a conventional rectangular modulation pole stator structure and a dimension labeled diagram, the modulation poles 11-III are rectangular, and the number of modulation poles NmTo 40, modulation pole duty ratio θ4/2θ4Constant at 0.5 and a groove pitch angle theta3Satisfies the relation 4 theta4＝θ3Groove pitch angle θ3Is 18 deg..
Referring to fig. 4, a schematic diagram of a novel rhombic modulation pole stator structure and a dimension mark thereof are shown, wherein the modulation poles 11-III are rhombic,number of modulation poles NmAt 40, the central angle θ is shown1And theta2Satisfies the relation 4 (theta)1+θ2) 18 °, wherein θ1/θ2＝0.8。
Referring to fig. 5, it is a no-load back electromotive force waveform diagram of the conventional rectangular modulation pole VPM motor and the novel diamond modulation pole VPM motor of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the novel diamond modulation pole VPM motor can greatly improve the no-load back electromotive force of the motor, and 3-order harmonic waves in the no-load back electromotive force are increased.
Referring to fig. 6, a torque waveform diagram of a conventional rectangular modulated pole VPM motor and a novel diamond modulated pole VPM motor of the present invention is shown. Compared with the prior art, the torque of the novel diamond modulation pole VPM motor is improved by about 34.6%, and the torque ripple is almost unchanged.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the description is only for the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a novel rhombus modulation pole vernier permanent-magnet machine, includes stator and rotor, its characterized in that: an air gap is arranged between the stator and the rotor;
the stator comprises a stator core and an armature winding;
the stator iron core comprises armature teeth, fault-tolerant teeth, modulation poles and a stator yoke; the armature teeth and the fault-tolerant teeth are alternately and uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, the top ends of the armature teeth and the fault-tolerant teeth are respectively provided with a modulation electrode, the modulation electrodes are in a diamond shape, and the modulation electrodes are arranged in pairs in opposite mode and are uniformly distributed at intervals along the circumferential surface;
the rotor includes a rotor core and a permanent magnet;
the permanent magnet adopts a radial magnetizing mode, and the surface of the permanent magnet is attached to the inner surface of the rotor core;
the stator iron core is formed by laminating silicon steel sheets, and the inner radius of the stator iron core is r4The outer radius of the stator core isr1The radius of the bottom of the modulation electrode is r2The radius of the stator yoke is r3The width of the armature teeth is wATTSaid fault-tolerant tooth width is wFTT；
The inner radius and the outer radius ratio r of the stator core4/r10.417, the ratio of the bottom radius of the modulation pole to the outer radius of the stator core r2/r1Is 0.933, the ratio of the radius of the stator yoke to the radius of the inner diameter of the stator core r3/r41.4, the armature tooth width and fault-tolerant tooth width ratio wATT/wFTTIs 1.27;
the central angle between the notch of the modulation electrode and the bottom end of the two adjacent modulation electrodes is theta1The central angle corresponding to two end points of the side edge of the modulation electrode is theta2The central angle corresponding to two end points of the modulation electrode close to the air gap side is theta1+θ2The groove pitch angle of the modulation pole is theta3；
Central angle theta corresponding to the modulation pole1，θ2，θ3Satisfies the relation 4 (theta)1+θ2)＝θ3Wherein, theta1/θ2＝0.8；
The armature winding is wound on the armature teeth in a concentrated mode, and the span of the armature winding is 1;
the permanent magnet is formed by processing neodymium iron boron materials, and the pole arc coefficient of the permanent magnet is 1.
2. The novel diamond modulated pole vernier permanent magnet machine of claim 1, wherein: the number of the modulation poles is NmThe number of pole pairs of the armature winding is NwThe number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet is NpNumber of poles N of said modulation polemThe number of pole pairs of the armature winding is NwAnd the number of pole pairs N of the permanent magnetpSatisfy the theoretical relationship of magnetic field modulation, namely Nm-Nw＝Np。
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