CN113831883A - 一种耐黄变的水性聚氨酯胶黏剂及其制备方法、应用 - Google Patents
一种耐黄变的水性聚氨酯胶黏剂及其制备方法、应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及水性聚氨酯胶黏剂技术领域，特别涉及一种耐黄变的水性聚氨酯胶黏剂及其制备方法、应用，所述水性聚氨酯胶黏剂包括以下重量份的原料制备而成：聚醚多元醇50‑80份、磺酸盐聚酯多元醇30‑60份、小分子磺酸盐二醇4‑8份、二异氰酸酯40‑60份、催化剂二月硅酸二丁基锡0.02‑0.05份、去离子水100‑200份、后扩链剂磺酸盐类胺1‑4份；本发明通过采用聚醚和聚酯多元醇相配合，聚醚多元醇使用大分子量的2000‑5000，聚酯多元醇使用磺酸盐聚酯多元醇，分子量1000‑2000，扩链剂使用小分子磺酸盐二醇，分子量450‑550，使用HMDI或IPDI聚合完成后，加水分散，后扩链剂使用磺酸盐类的胺，制备得到高固含50‑60％，初粘力高，干燥时间12‑24h，粘接强度高，耐黄变性能优异的水性聚氨酯胶黏剂。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及水性聚氨酯胶黏剂技术领域，特别涉及一种耐黄变的水性聚氨酯胶黏剂及其制备方法，以及该水性聚氨酯胶黏剂在塑胶跑道中的应用。
背景技术
聚氨酯胶黏剂是指分子链上含有氨酯键(-NHCOOH)或异氰酸酯基(-NCO)的一类胶黏剂，具有软硬度可调、附着力高、可室温固化、耐磨等优点。聚氨酯胶黏剂按溶剂类型可分为溶剂型聚氨酯和水性聚氨酯，其中，溶剂型聚氨酯由于生产和使用过程中使用了较多的有机溶剂，对环境和人体有一定的危害，因而其应用受到一定的限制。水性聚氨酯几乎不使用有机溶剂，主要以水为分散介质，将聚氨酯预聚物分散于连续水相中而形成的均一、稳定的胶黏剂，因其优异的环保性而快速发展。但是普通的水性聚氨酯胶黏剂在使用过程中存在干燥速度慢、易发生黄变等缺点，尤其是在应用于塑胶跑道领域，用于粘接浅色EPDM颗粒时，受到很大的限制。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中的不足，提供一种耐黄变的水性聚氨酯胶黏剂，解决现有水性聚氨酯胶黏剂易黄变、干燥速度慢的问题。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案予以实现：
一种耐黄变的水性聚氨酯胶黏剂，包括以下重量份的原料制备而成：聚醚多元醇50-80份、磺酸盐聚酯多元醇30-60份、小分子磺酸盐二醇4-8份、二异氰酸酯40-60份、催化剂二月硅酸二丁基锡0.02-0.05份、去离子水100-200份、后扩链剂磺酸盐类胺1-4份。
优选地，所述聚醚多元醇的分子量为2000-5000。
优选地，所述磺酸盐聚酯二元醇的分子量为1000-2000。
优选地，所述小分子磺酸盐二醇的分子量为450-550。
优选地，所述后扩链剂磺酸盐类胺的分子式为H2N-CH2-CH2-NH-CH2-CH2-CH2-SO3H。
本发明还提供了一种耐黄变的水性聚氨酯胶黏剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)预聚体的制备
向四口烧瓶中加入聚醚多元醇和磺酸盐聚酯多元醇、小分子磺酸盐二醇，搅拌混合均匀，升温至90-100℃，真空脱水1h，降温至60℃，接着一次性加入二异氰酸酯，再升温至85℃并保温反应2h，滴加催化剂二月硅酸二丁基锡，继续保温反应1h，即得水性聚氨酯预聚体；
(2)预聚体的分散和扩链
将所述水性聚氨酯预聚体快速的倒入去离子水中，高速搅拌使预聚体均匀分散于水中，0.5h后加入后扩链剂磺酸盐类胺，搅拌0.5h后得到所述水性聚氨酯胶黏剂。
本发明还提供了一种上述耐黄变的水性聚氨酯胶黏剂在塑胶跑道中的应用。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下技术效果：
本发明提供的技术方案中，通过采用聚醚和聚酯多元醇相配合，聚醚多元醇使用大分子量的2000-5000，聚酯多元醇使用磺酸盐聚酯多元醇，分子量1000-2000，扩链剂使用小分子磺酸盐二醇，分子量450-550，使用HMDI或IPDI聚合完成后，加水分散，后扩链剂使用磺酸盐类的胺，分子量182，制备得到高固含50-60％，初粘力高，干燥时间12-24h，粘接强度高，耐黄变性能优异的水性聚氨酯胶黏剂。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐明本发明。
为了满足塑胶跑道领域，粘接浅色EPDM颗粒的耐黄变的使用要求，本发明通过对水性聚氨酯合成原料、合成工艺的改变和优化，解决了易黄变、干燥速度慢的问题，开发出一种性能优异的可应用于塑胶跑道的水性聚氨酯胶黏剂，具体的，所述的水性聚氨酯胶黏剂包括以下重量份的原料制备而成：聚醚多元醇50-80份、磺酸盐聚酯多元醇30-60份、小分子磺酸盐二醇4-8份、二异氰酸酯40-60份、催化剂二月硅酸二丁基锡0.02-0.05份、去离子水100-200份、后扩链剂磺酸盐类胺1-4份。
本发明提供的技术方案中，通过选用大分子量的聚醚多元醇与磺酸盐聚酯多元醇相配合，具体选用小分子磺酸盐二醇作为扩链剂，使用二异氰酸酯聚合完成后，加水分散，后扩链剂使用磺酸盐类胺，从而制备得到了固含量在50-60％，初粘力高、干燥时间12-24h，粘接强度高，耐黄变性能优异的水性聚氨酯胶黏剂。
本发明中，所述聚醚多元醇的分子量为2000-5000。
所述磺酸盐聚酯二元醇的分子量为1000-2000，该分子量的磺酸盐聚酯二元醇为高粘度浅黄色透明液体，磺酸盐含量高，亲水性优，粘结性能、耐水解性和柔韧性佳。
所述小分子磺酸盐二醇的分子量为450-550，该分子量的磺酸盐二醇为棕黄色高粘度液体，用在本发明中生产高固含量的水性聚氨酯，不需要氨水中和，初粘力和粘结性能佳。
所述后扩链剂磺酸盐类胺的分子式为H2N-CH2-CH2-NH-CH2-CH2-CH2-SO3H，该后扩链剂的分子量为182，具有优异的稳定性和耐水解性，相较于DMPA等，具有亲水性好，相容性好的优点。
本发明还提供了一种耐黄变的水性聚氨酯胶黏剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)预聚体的制备
向四口烧瓶中加入聚醚多元醇和磺酸盐聚酯多元醇、小分子磺酸盐二醇，搅拌混合均匀，升温至90-100℃，真空脱水1h，降温至60℃，接着一次性加入二异氰酸酯，再升温至85℃并保温反应2h，滴加催化剂二月硅酸二丁基锡，继续保温反应1h，即得水性聚氨酯预聚体；
(2)预聚体的分散和扩链
将所述水性聚氨酯预聚体快速的倒入去离子水中，高速搅拌使预聚体均匀分散于水中，0.5h后加入后扩链剂磺酸盐类胺，搅拌0.5h后得到所述水性聚氨酯胶黏剂。
本发明提供的制备方法，在预聚阶段使用磺酸盐聚酯多元醇和小分子磺酸盐二醇，磺酸盐含量高，亲水性强，不需氨水中和成盐，可制备高固含的水性聚氨酯胶黏剂，提高初粘力和粘结性能；所述的二异氰酸酯具体使用4,4'-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(HMDI)或异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)，使材料具有优异的耐黄变性能；此外，后扩链阶段使用磺酸胺类扩链剂，制备出高固含、耐水解的水性聚氨酯胶黏剂。
以下通过具体的实施例对本发明提供的水性聚氨酯胶黏剂做出进一步的说明。
实施例1
本实施例提供的水性聚氨酯胶黏剂由以下重量份的原料制备而成：
聚醚二元醇 分子量2000 80份
磺酸盐聚酯二元醇 分子量1000 40份
磺酸盐二醇 分子量450 6份
IPDI 55份
催化剂二月硅酸二丁基锡 0.04份
去离子水 150份
后扩链剂磺酸盐类胺(H2N-CH2-CH2-NH-CH2-CH2-CH2-SO3H) 2份
本实施例中，水性聚氨酯胶黏剂的制备方法为：
(1)预聚体的制备
向四口烧瓶中加入聚醚多元醇和磺酸盐聚酯多元醇、小分子磺酸盐二醇，搅拌混合均匀，升温至95℃，真空脱水1h，降温至60℃，接着一次性加入二异氰酸酯，再升温至85℃并保温反应2h，滴加催化剂二月硅酸二丁基锡，继续保温反应1h,即得水性聚氨酯预聚体；
(2)预聚体的分散和扩链
将所述水性聚氨酯预聚体快速的倒入去离子水中，高速搅拌使预聚体均匀分散于水中，0.5h后加入后扩链剂磺酸盐类胺，搅拌0.5h后得到所述水性聚氨酯胶黏剂。
实施例2
本实施例提供的水性聚氨酯胶黏剂由以下重量份的原料制备而成：聚醚三元醇分子量5000 50份
磺酸盐聚酯二元醇 分子量1000 60份
磺酸盐二醇 分子量450 4份
IPDI 60份
催化剂二月硅酸二丁基锡0.04份
去离子水 120份
后扩链剂磺酸盐类胺(H2N-CH2-CH2-NH-CH2-CH2-CH2-SO3H) 4份
本实施例中水性聚氨酯胶黏剂的制备方法与实施例1中制备过程一致。
实施例3
本实施例提供的水性聚氨酯胶黏剂由以下重量份的原料制备而成：聚醚三元醇分子量3000 60份
磺酸盐聚酯二元醇 分子量2000 30份
磺酸盐二醇 分子量550 8份
HMDI 50份
催化剂二月硅酸二丁基锡 0.04份
去离子水 140份
后扩链剂磺酸盐类胺(H2N-CH2-CH2-NH-CH2-CH2-CH2-SO3H) 1份
本实施例中水性聚氨酯胶黏剂的制备方法与实施例1中制备过程一致。
实施例4
聚醚二元醇 分子量2000 50份
磺酸盐聚酯二元醇 分子量2000 40份
磺酸盐二醇 分子量550 6份
HMDI 40份
催化剂二月硅酸二丁基锡 0.04份
去离子水 140份
后扩链剂磺酸盐类胺(H2N-CH2-CH2-NH-CH2-CH2-CH2-SO3H) 2份
本实施例中水性聚氨酯胶黏剂的制备方法与实施例1中制备过程一致。
性能测试：
将上述实施例制备得到的水性聚氨酯胶水与EPDM颗粒按照质量比1:6搅拌混合均匀，摊铺在四氟板上，厚度为8mm，按照GB 36246-2018的规定测试相关性能，测试结果汇总于表1中。
耐黄变测试：
将上述实施例制备得到的水性聚氨酯胶水与EPDM颗粒按照质量比1:6搅拌混合均匀，摊铺在四氟板上，厚度8mm，制作两块，其中一块置于HZ-3017型灯泡式耐黄变实验箱，在300W的紫外灯下进行光照24h，试样与灯泡的距离为25cm，曝光箱中的温度为60℃左右，光照7天后，然后观测其黄变性，并与空白试样在灰色色卡上对其颜色进行对比。
表1：
基于上述测试结果可以看出，本发明提供的水性聚氨酯胶黏剂的粘度为3000-4000mPa.s，拉伸强度≥0.4MPa，伸长率≥60％。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的特点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明的范围内。本发明要求保护的范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。
Claims (7)
1.一种耐黄变的水性聚氨酯胶黏剂，其特征在于，包括以下重量份的原料制备而成：聚醚多元醇50-80份、磺酸盐聚酯多元醇30-60份、小分子磺酸盐二醇4-8份、二异氰酸酯40-60份、催化剂二月硅酸二丁基锡0.02-0.05份、去离子水100-200份、后扩链剂磺酸盐类胺1-4份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的耐黄变的水性聚氨酯胶黏剂，其特征在于，所述聚醚多元醇的分子量为2000-5000。
3.根据权利要求1所述的耐黄变的水性聚氨酯胶黏剂，其特征在于，所述磺酸盐聚酯二元醇的分子量为1000-2000。
4.根据权利要求1所述的耐黄变的水性聚氨酯胶黏剂，其特征在于，所述小分子磺酸盐二醇的分子量为450-550。
5.根据权利要求1所述的耐黄变的水性聚氨酯胶黏剂，其特征在于，所述后扩链剂磺酸盐类胺的分子式为H2N-CH2-CH2-NH-CH2-CH2-CH2-SO3H。
6.根据权利要求1-5任意一项所述耐黄变的水性聚氨酯胶黏剂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)预聚体的制备
向四口烧瓶中加入聚醚多元醇和磺酸盐聚酯多元醇、小分子磺酸盐二醇，搅拌混合均匀，升温至90-100℃，真空脱水1h，降温至60℃，接着一次性加入二异氰酸酯，再升温至85℃并保温反应2h，滴加催化剂二月硅酸二丁基锡，继续保温反应1h，即得水性聚氨酯预聚体；
(2)预聚体的分散和扩链
将所述水性聚氨酯预聚体快速的倒入去离子水中，高速搅拌使预聚体均匀分散于水中，0.5h后加入后扩链剂磺酸盐类胺，搅拌0.5h后得到所述水性聚氨酯胶黏剂。
7.根据权利要求1-5任意一项所述耐黄变的水性聚氨酯胶黏剂在塑胶跑道中的应用。
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