CN113826887A - Blood pressure and blood fat reducing and blood sugar reducing nutrition powder, plant extract and application thereof - Google Patents
Blood pressure and blood fat reducing and blood sugar reducing nutrition powder, plant extract and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113826887A CN113826887A CN202111106137.1A CN202111106137A CN113826887A CN 113826887 A CN113826887 A CN 113826887A CN 202111106137 A CN202111106137 A CN 202111106137A CN 113826887 A CN113826887 A CN 113826887A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
- A23C9/16—Agglomerating or granulating milk powder; Making instant milk powder; Products obtained thereby
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L17/00—Food-from-the-sea products; Fish products; Fish meal; Fish-egg substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L17/60—Edible seaweed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L25/00—Food consisting mainly of nutmeat or seeds; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L25/30—Mashed or comminuted products, e.g. pulp, pastes, meal, powders; Products made therefrom, e.g. blocks, flakes, snacks; Liquid or semi-liquid products
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/125—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives containing carbohydrate syrups; containing sugars; containing sugar alcohols; containing starch hydrolysates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/20—Reducing nutritive value; Dietetic products with reduced nutritive value
- A23L33/21—Addition of substantially indigestible substances, e.g. dietary fibres
- A23L33/25—Synthetic polymers, e.g. vinylic or acrylic polymers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L7/00—Cereal-derived products; Malt products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L7/10—Cereal-derived products
- A23L7/115—Cereal fibre products, e.g. bran, husk
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Abstract
The invention discloses nutritional powder for reducing blood pressure, blood fat and blood sugar, a plant extract and application thereof. The blood pressure and blood fat reducing and blood sugar reducing nutritional powder comprises the following main raw materials: skimmed milk powder, almond powder, seaweed powder, cherokee rose root powder, millet bran dietary fiber, blueberry extract, resistant dextrin, erythritol and tartary buckwheat powder; the blueberry extract and millet bran dietary fiber are added into the formula of the nutritional powder, so that the effects of reducing blood pressure, blood fat and blood sugar can be effectively achieved, and the prepared nutritional powder is fine and smooth in texture, free of caking, high in oil holding rate and good in palatability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nutritional foods, in particular to nutritional powder for reducing blood pressure, blood fat and blood sugar, a plant extract and application thereof.
Background
Hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and hyperglycemia are referred to as "hypertension, hyperglycemia, or hyperlipidemia". Along with the development of social economy, the acceleration of work rhythm of people, the increase of mental stress and the change of life style, the three-high disease presents a remarkable rising trend. The hypertension, hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia can not only cause endangium injury, but also accelerate cardiovascular and cerebrovascular atherosclerosis, damage important organs of human body such as heart, brain, kidney, retina and the like to different degrees, seriously threaten the health of people and shorten the life of people.
With the improvement of the living standard of people, the incidence rate of obesity and hypertension is increased year by year. Chinese cardiovascular disease report 2017 (summary) indicates that there are 2.7 billion hypertension patients among Chinese adults, and there are 2 hypertension patients among 10 adults on average; by 2013, the obesity rate and the overweight rate of adults in China reach 12% and 30.6% respectively, the prevalence rates of hypertension of overweight and obese people are 33.3% and 51.2% respectively, and China has become the second major obese population of China all over the world. Every 4.5kg of body weight, the systolic pressure of the patient can be increased by 4 mmHg; the risk of hypertension increases by 20-30% for every 5% of body weight gain. Hypertension and obesity become important public health problems faced by China, related researches on the occurrence mechanism and prevention and treatment measures of hypertension complicated with obesity diseases are research hotspots in the medical field in recent years, and how to effectively control weight and blood pressure becomes a problem to be solved urgently at present.
Meanwhile, the diabetic patients are often accompanied by hyperlipidemia, people usually refer to diabetes and hyperlipidemia as sister diseases, and the hyperlipidemia is considered as a complication of diabetes. In the aspect of fat metabolism, insulin can promote synthesis and storage of fat, reduce free fatty acid in blood, and inhibit decomposition and oxidation of fat. Insulin deficiency can lead to fat metabolism disorder, increase the concentration of triglyceride and free fatty acid in blood, decrease fat storage, enhance decomposition, and increase blood lipid. On the other hand, type 2 diabetes patients eat too much and exercise less, which promotes the synthesis of lipid in vivo, and is also the cause of blood lipid increase. In obesity and hyperlipidemia patients, insulin resistance is generated due to the relative reduction of the number of insulin receptors, and diabetes is easily induced.
With the progress of the disease course of patients with hypertension, blood fat and blood sugar, the target organs of the patients are damaged and aggravated, wherein the damage of the kidney function is particularly obvious. There are data showing that about 1/3 "three high" patients are accompanied by renal injury. Patients with hypertension, hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia need to take antihypertensive and hypoglycemic drugs for a long time, control blood pressure and blood sugar, and reduce the damage of hypertension, blood fat and blood sugar to heart and cerebral vessels. At present, no effective medicine for radically treating the three highs is found, and the clinical treatment mostly adopts diet and physical radiation together with medicines or treats the three highs through diet and physical radiation together with injection. At present, researches show that the effect of reducing glycosylated hemoglobin and the effect of reducing blood pressure and blood fat of patients with hypertension, hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia are possibly equivalent to the effect of the existing clinical drug treatment through nutritional intervention for 3-6 months, and the continuous nutritional intervention is beneficial to maintaining the improvement of blood pressure, blood fat and blood sugar levels. The natural and safe substances for reducing blood pressure, blood fat and blood sugar are reasonably compounded and prepared into a nutritional powder for intervention, and the medicine is one of good ways for treating patients with hypertension, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia.
Chinese patent CN 102697057A discloses a nutritional meal with functions of losing weight, expelling toxin, reducing blood sugar, reducing blood fat and blood pressure, which is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight, 3-5 parts of konjac flour, 1.8-3.2 parts of black tartary buckwheat flour, 8-12 parts of pumpkin flour, 5-8 parts of yam flour, 6-10 parts of corn flour, 0.8-1.2 parts of radix cynanchi bungei powder, 4-6 parts of black wheat flour, 0.5-1 part of pine needle powder, 2-4 parts of black sesame powder, 10-15 parts of sweet potato powder, 1.5-3 parts of burdock powder, 1.2-2 parts of soybean lecithin powder and 1.5-2.8 parts of monascus powder; chinese patent CN 105963566A discloses a blood sugar and blood pressure reducing trichosanthes powder and a preparation method thereof, wherein the nutrition powder is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of snakegourd fruit, 3-8 parts of lily, 5-8 parts of mulberry, 3-5 parts of rice stem powder, 5-7 parts of seaweed powder, 10-15 parts of radix puerariae freeze-dried powder, 1-2 parts of strawberry essence and 3-6 parts of bee products, has balanced and healthy nutrition, has the health-care effects of tonifying qi, moistening lung, reducing blood sugar and blood pressure, can be used for adjuvant therapy of diabetes, and has the functions of preventing and treating the syndrome caused by the diabetes. However, in the materials in the prior art, the main components of the nutritional powder are mainly dietary fibers, and the digestion and absorption characteristics of the nutritional powder in the body are poor, so that the medicinal effect of part of functional components of the nutritional powder is weakened, and therefore, the preparation of the nutritional powder which is a natural additive, has good effects of reducing blood pressure, blood sugar and blood fat and is beneficial to the digestion and absorption of the human body is urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides nutritional powder for reducing blood pressure, blood fat and blood sugar, a plant extract and application thereof, and the technical scheme is as follows:
a nutritional powder for lowering blood pressure, blood lipid and blood sugar comprises the following substances: skim milk powder, almond powder, seaweed powder, cherokee rose root powder, millet bran dietary fiber, blueberry powder, resistant dextrin, erythritol and tartary buckwheat powder.
Further, the blood pressure and blood fat reducing and blood sugar reducing nutritional powder is prepared from the following substances in parts by weight: a nutritional powder for lowering blood pressure, blood fat and blood sugar is composed of the following substances in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of skim milk powder, 20-35 parts of almond powder, 10-15 parts of seaweed powder, 5-15 parts of cherokee rose root powder, 12-18 parts of millet bran dietary fiber, 0.5-2 parts of blueberry powder, 2-8 parts of resistant dextrin, 2-5 parts of erythritol and 8-12 parts of tartary buckwheat powder.
Almond is a nutritionally dense food and is rich in proteins, dietary fiber, monounsaturated fatty acids, vitamin E and minerals. In addition, almonds also contain a large amount of amygdalin, which is a commonly used drug in Chinese medical books. Amygdalin has obvious pharmacological activity, is clinically used for relieving cough, resisting asthma, resisting tumor, reducing blood sugar, resisting blood coagulation and the like, is used as an auxiliary medicine for relieving cough, eliminating phlegm and resisting cancer, and has higher clinical medical value. In recent years, a plurality of researches show that the almond is beneficial to controlling blood sugar and has positive significance on blood fat metabolism.
The seaweed has unique chemical composition, and the dietary fiber (seaweed polysaccharide) is the main component and accounts for more than 70% of the mass of the seaweed. Therefore, the seaweed is a health food raw material with high fiber, low fat and low calorie. The seaweed polysaccharide can adsorb glucose, reduce absorption of saccharide in vivo, thereby controlling blood sugar increase, and preventing diabetes.
The root of fructus Rosae Laevigatae is root of fructus Rosae Laevigatae (Radix Rosa Laevigata Michx) of Rosaceae, and has mild nature, sour and astringent taste, and effects of arresting seminal emission, astringing intestine, promoting blood circulation and relieving pain. The root of cherokee rose is evergreen climbing shrub with a height of 5 m. Cherokee rose root has attracted much attention because of its wide range of effective chemical components and medicinal values, and is widely used in medical, chemical and pharmacological research. It has certain efficacy in the aspects of anti-inflammation and bacteriostasis, antioxidation, immunoregulation, anti-tumor, hypoxia tolerance, fever reduction, blood pressure reduction, blood fat reduction and the like due to chemical components and pharmacological action.
Erythritol is a polyol sweetener with low caloric value. The human body is lack of enzyme for metabolizing erythritol, so that erythritol entering blood cannot be digested and decomposed, and most of erythritol is discharged from urine. Its metabolic pathway is poorly insulin dependent or insulin independent and therefore has little effect on sugar metabolism.
Fagopyrum tataricum is a dicotyledonous annual plant of Fagopyrum of Polygonaceae, commonly called Fagopyrum tataricum. The tartary buckwheat contains abundant cellulose, protein, starch, fat, trace elements and flavonoid compounds. Wherein, the rutin value in the tartary buckwheat total flavone accounts for 70-90%, and the tartary buckwheat total flavone has the effects of reducing cholesterol and blood fat, preventing and treating diabetes and other diseases.
Millet bran is a surface layer attached to brown rice after millet grains are hulled, accounts for about 5% -6% of the rice, and mainly comprises epicarp, mesocarp, a cross-linked layer, seed coat and an aleurone layer. The dietary fiber serving as a main byproduct in the grain production process contains rich nutrient substances and plant-derived bioactive substances, wherein the dietary fiber with high content is a good research object, and the dietary fiber has physiological effects of reducing blood fat and blood sugar, preventing and treating intestinal cancer, improving immunity and the like.
On the basis, the invention finds that the millet bran dietary fiber is modified by combining cellulose hydrolysis with acrylate grafting, so that more hydrophilic acrylate and carboxymethyl replace partial hydroxyl in the amorphous region of the millet bran dietary fiber, the hydrophilicity and the soluble dietary fiber content of the dietary fiber are improved, and after the cellulose hydrolysis and heating, a fiber chain is damaged, and more hydrophilic groups are exposed, so that the grafting of the acrylate is facilitated. In addition, the methyl and vinyl bonds introduced in the carboxymethylation and grafting processes can increase the steric hindrance between fiber molecules, so that the binding capacity of the millet bran dietary fiber and oil is improved, the adsorption capacity of the millet bran dietary fiber on cholesterol and bile acid can be enhanced, and the inventor also finds that the modified millet bran dietary fiber has a good blood sugar reducing effect.
The preparation method of the modified millet bran dietary fiber comprises the following steps: suspending 50-60 g of millet bran dietary fibers in 450-500 mL of water, adding 0.12-0.15 g of cellulase and 0.1-0.2 g of hemicellulase, performing enzymolysis for 2-3 h at 45-50 ℃, then preserving heat for 15-20 min at 95-100 ℃ to terminate the reaction, filtering, collecting residues, and drying at 45-50 ℃ for 8-10 h to obtain the enzymolysis millet bran dietary fibers; mixing and stirring 10-15 mL of acrylic acid and 16-20 mL of 6.25-6.5 mol/L NaOH aqueous solution for 30-40 min, adding 1-1.5 g of enzymolysis millet bran dietary fiber and 100-120 mL of water, stirring for 10-15 min, then adding 1-1.5 mL of 58-60 mmol/L thiosalicylic acid and 1.5-2 mL of 70-75 mmol/L potassium permanganate, reacting at 70-80 ℃ for 3-4 h, cooling the reaction solution to 20-25 ℃, filtering, washing filter residues with water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying at 45-50 ℃ for 12-15 h to obtain the modified millet bran dietary fiber.
Blueberries (blueberries) are originally produced in North America and east Asia, wild blueberries in China are mainly concentrated in the regions of great northeast Xinganling and Changbai mountain, the annual output is about 2 ten thousand tons, and Blueberry fruits are rich in various functional active substances, such as flavonoids, organic acids, anthocyanins, superoxide dismutase (SOD), polysaccharides, various mineral elements and the like, and have the functions of preventing cranial nerve aging, strengthening heart, resisting cancers, softening blood vessels, enhancing immunity, preventing cancers and the like.
The inventor finds through experiments that the blueberry anthocyanin extract can obviously improve the antioxidant activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and AMPK, is an effective nutrient medicine for reducing blood sugar and blood fat, can effectively activate AMPK, further improve insulin sensitivity, protect organisms from over-expression of gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis, can achieve a synergistic effect with millet bran dietary fiber after being compounded with blueberry anthocyanin and modified millet bran dietary fiber, further enhances the blood sugar and blood pressure reducing effects of the millet bran dietary fiber, and further improves the oil holding rate of the nutrient powder after the anthocyanin and the modified millet bran dietary fiber are combined.
Preferably, the blood pressure and blood fat reducing and blood sugar reducing nutritional powder consists of the following substances in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of skim milk powder, 20-35 parts of almond powder, 10-15 parts of seaweed powder, 5-15 parts of cherokee rose root powder, 12-18 parts of modified millet bran dietary fiber, 0.5-2 parts of plant extract, 2-8 parts of resistant dextrin, 2-5 parts of erythritol and 8-12 parts of tartary buckwheat powder.
The plant extract is prepared by adopting the following method: crushing blueberries to obtain blueberry pulp, adding the blueberry pulp into methanol, adding the methanol into an HCl aqueous solution, extracting for 2-3 hours, centrifuging, taking supernate, and concentrating to 1/10-1/8 of the original volume to obtain a blueberry concentrated solution; mixing the blueberry concentrated solution with ethyl acetate according to the weight ratio of 1: (1-2) extracting for three times, and collecting a water phase to obtain a blueberry anthocyanin crude extract; and adding the crude anthocyanin extract into adsorption resin for further purification, eluting with water for 20-24 h, eluting with acidified ethanol water solution to collect the blueberry anthocyanin part, and freeze-drying the eluent to obtain the blueberry anthocyanin extract, namely the plant extract.
Preferably, the preparation method of the plant extract comprises the following steps: crushing blueberries at 8000-10000 rpm for 20-30 s to obtain blueberry pulp, adding 250-300 g of blueberry pulp into 1000-1200 mL of methanol solution, adding 10-15 mL of 0.1-0.2 mol/L HCl aqueous solution for extraction for 2-3 h, centrifuging at 5000-6000 rpm for 15-20 min, taking supernate, rotatably evaporating at 50-55 ℃ to 1/10-1/8 of the original volume to obtain blueberry concentrated solution, and mixing the blueberry concentrated solution with ethyl acetate according to the ratio of 1: (1-2) extracting for three times, and collecting an anthocyanin water phase to obtain a blueberry anthocyanin crude extract; and (2) adding 10-20 mL of crude anthocyanin extract into 800-1000 g of adsorption resin for further purification, eluting with water for 20-24 h, eluting with an acidified ethanol aqueous solution to collect blueberry anthocyanin parts, and freeze-drying at-50 to-40 ℃ for 24-30 h to obtain the blueberry anthocyanin extract, namely the plant extract.
Preferably, the adsorption resin is AB-8 macroporous resin.
The HCl content of the acidified ethanol aqueous solution is 0.1-0.3 wt%, and the ethanol content is 75-95 wt%. The invention also provides application of the nutritional powder for reducing blood pressure, blood fat and blood sugar in nutritional paste powder for reducing hypertension, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, and specifically the nutritional powder is prepared by mixing 60-80 parts by weight of the nutritional powder for reducing blood pressure, blood fat and blood sugar, 5-10 parts by weight of protein powder, 0.01-0.02 part by weight of additive and 1-2 parts by weight of flavoring agent.
According to the invention, the millet bran dietary fiber is modified by combining an enzyme method with an acrylate grafting method, so that the hydrophilicity and the soluble dietary fiber content of the dietary fiber can be effectively improved, the improvement of the reconstitution property of the nutrition powder is facilitated, the methyl and vinyl bonds introduced in the carboxymethylation and grafting processes of the millet bran dietary fiber can increase the steric hindrance between fiber molecules, the binding capacity of the millet bran dietary fiber to grease is improved, and the adsorption capacity of the nutrition powder to cholesterol and bile acid is enhanced; meanwhile, the blueberry anthocyanin is extracted and separated, the activity of glucosidase can be better inhibited through the purified blueberry anthocyanin, the generation amount of blood sugar is reduced through preventing the in-vivo sugar metabolism process, the blueberry anthocyanin has better blood sugar and blood pressure reducing activity, the blueberry anthocyanin and the modified millet bran dietary fiber can play a role in synergy, and the functional effect of the nutrition powder on reducing three highs is further enhanced.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The operations referred to in the examples are, unless otherwise specified, all those of ordinary skill in the art.
Some raw material parameters in the comparative examples and examples of the invention are as follows:
millet bran dietary fiber, available from Shanxi Senyuan Biotech limited;
cellulase, 9012-54-8, 50u/mg, available from Shanghai-derived leaf Biotech, Inc.;
hemicellulase, 9025-56-3, 20000u/g, purchased from Shanghai-derived leaf Biotechnology GmbH.
Example 1
A preparation method of nutritional powder for lowering blood pressure, blood lipid and blood sugar comprises the following steps:
s1 weighing 20 parts by weight of skimmed milk powder, 30 parts by weight of almond powder, 15 parts by weight of seaweed powder, 10 parts by weight of cherokee rose root powder, 15 parts by weight of modified millet bran dietary fiber, 5 parts by weight of resistant dextrin, 3 parts by weight of erythritol and 12 parts by weight of tartary buckwheat powder, uniformly mixing, and sieving with a 80-mesh sieve;
s2 setting the temperature of the first area of the bulking machine to be 50 ℃, the temperature of the second area to be 120 ℃, the temperature of the third area to be 150 ℃ and the screw rotation speed to be 160 r/min;
s3, immediately putting the puffed nutritional powder into a drying oven for drying at the drying temperature of 60 ℃;
s4 micronizing the dried composite nutritional powder for 10min to obtain 120 mesh powder.
The preparation method of the modified millet bran dietary fiber comprises the following steps: suspending 50g of millet bran dietary fiber in 450mL of water, adding 0.12g of cellulase and 0.1g of hemicellulase, performing enzymolysis for 2h at 45 ℃, then preserving heat for 15min at 100 ℃ to terminate the reaction, filtering, collecting residues, and drying at 50 ℃ for 8h to obtain the enzymolysis millet bran dietary fiber; mixing 10mL of acrylic acid and 16mL of 6.25mol/L NaOH aqueous solution, stirring for 30min, adding 1g of enzymolysis millet bran dietary fiber and 100mL of water, stirring for 15min, then adding 1mL of 58mmol/L thiosalicylic acid and 1.5mL of 70mmol/L potassium permanganate, reacting at 80 ℃ for 3h, cooling the reaction solution to 25 ℃, filtering, washing filter residues with water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying at 45 ℃ for 12h to obtain the modified millet bran dietary fiber.
Example 2
A preparation method of nutritional powder for lowering blood pressure, blood lipid and blood sugar comprises the following steps:
s1 weighing 20 parts by weight of skimmed milk powder, 30 parts by weight of almond powder, 15 parts by weight of seaweed powder, 10 parts by weight of cherokee rose root powder, 15 parts by weight of modified millet bran dietary fiber, 1 part by weight of plant extract, 5 parts by weight of resistant dextrin, 3 parts by weight of erythritol and 12 parts by weight of tartary buckwheat powder, uniformly mixing, and sieving by a 80-mesh sieve;
s2 setting the temperature of the first area of the bulking machine to be 50 ℃, the temperature of the second area to be 120 ℃, the temperature of the third area to be 150 ℃ and the screw rotation speed to be 160 r/min;
s3, immediately putting the puffed nutritional powder into a drying oven for drying at the drying temperature of 60 ℃;
s4 micronizing the dried composite nutritional powder for 10min to obtain 120 mesh powder.
The preparation method of the plant extract comprises the following steps: crushing blueberries at 10000rpm for 30s to obtain blueberry pulp, adding 250g of blueberry pulp into 1000mL of methanol solution, adding into 10mL of 0.1mol/L HCl aqueous solution, extracting for 3h, centrifuging at 5000rpm for 15min, performing rotary evaporation at 50 ℃ to 1/8 of the original volume to obtain blueberry concentrated solution, mixing the blueberry concentrated solution with ethyl acetate according to a ratio of 1: 1, extracting for three times, and collecting an anthocyanin water phase to obtain a blueberry anthocyanin crude extract; and (2) adding 20mL of crude anthocyanin extract into 1000g of AB-8 macroporous resin for further purification, eluting with water for 24h, eluting with an aqueous solution containing 0.01 wt% of HCl and 85 wt% of ethanol to collect blueberry anthocyanin parts, and freeze-drying at-40 ℃ for 24h to obtain the blueberry anthocyanin extract, namely the plant extract.
The preparation method of the modified millet bran dietary fiber comprises the following steps: suspending 50g of millet bran dietary fiber in 450mL of water, adding 0.12g of cellulase and 0.1g of hemicellulase, performing enzymolysis for 2h at 45 ℃, then preserving heat for 15min at 100 ℃ to terminate the reaction, filtering, collecting residues, and drying at 50 ℃ for 8h to obtain the enzymolysis millet bran dietary fiber; mixing 10mL of acrylic acid and 16mL of 6.25mol/L NaOH aqueous solution, stirring for 30min, adding 1g of enzymolysis millet bran dietary fiber and 100mL of water, stirring for 15min, then adding 1mL of 58mmol/L thiosalicylic acid and 1.5mL of 70mmol/L potassium permanganate, reacting at 80 ℃ for 3h, cooling the reaction solution to 25 ℃, filtering, washing filter residues with water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying at 45 ℃ for 12h to obtain the modified millet bran dietary fiber.
Example 3
A preparation method of nutritional powder for lowering blood pressure, blood lipid and blood sugar comprises the following steps:
s1 weighing 20 parts by weight of skimmed milk powder, 30 parts by weight of almond powder, 15 parts by weight of seaweed powder, 10 parts by weight of cherokee rose root powder, 1 part by weight of plant extract, 5 parts by weight of resistant dextrin, 3 parts by weight of erythritol and 12 parts by weight of tartary buckwheat powder, uniformly mixing, and sieving by a 80-mesh sieve;
s2 setting the temperature of the first area of the bulking machine to be 50 ℃, the temperature of the second area to be 120 ℃, the temperature of the third area to be 150 ℃ and the screw rotation speed to be 160 r/min;
s3, immediately putting the puffed nutritional powder into a drying oven for drying at the drying temperature of 60 ℃;
s4 micronizing the dried composite nutritional powder for 10min to obtain 120 mesh powder.
The preparation method of the plant extract comprises the following steps: crushing blueberries at 10000rpm for 30s, adding 250g of blueberry residues into 1000mL of methanol solution, adding 10mL of 0.1mol/L HCl aqueous solution for extraction for 3h, centrifuging at 5000rpm for 15min, performing rotary evaporation at 50 ℃ to 1/8 of the original volume to obtain a blueberry concentrated solution, mixing the blueberry concentrated solution with ethyl acetate according to a ratio of 1: 1, extracting for three times, and collecting an anthocyanin water phase to obtain a blueberry anthocyanin crude extract; and (2) adding 20mL of crude anthocyanin extract into 1000g of AB-8 macroporous resin for further purification, eluting with water for 24h, eluting with an aqueous solution containing 0.01 wt% of HCl and 85 wt% of ethanol to collect blueberry anthocyanin parts, and freeze-drying at-40 ℃ for 24h to obtain the blueberry anthocyanin extract, namely the plant extract.
Example 4
A preparation method of nutritional powder for lowering blood pressure, blood lipid and blood sugar comprises the following steps:
s1 weighing 20 parts by weight of skimmed milk powder, 30 parts by weight of almond powder, 15 parts by weight of seaweed powder, 10 parts by weight of cherokee rose root powder, 15 parts by weight of modified millet bran dietary fiber, 1 part by weight of blueberry powder, 5 parts by weight of resistant dextrin, 3 parts by weight of erythritol and 12 parts by weight of tartary buckwheat powder, uniformly mixing, and sieving by a 80-mesh sieve;
s2 setting the temperature of the first area of the bulking machine to be 50 ℃, the temperature of the second area to be 120 ℃, the temperature of the third area to be 150 ℃ and the screw rotation speed to be 160 r/min;
s3, immediately putting the puffed nutritional powder into a drying oven for drying at the drying temperature of 60 ℃;
s4 micronizing the dried composite nutritional powder for 10min to obtain 120 mesh powder.
The preparation method of the blueberry powder comprises the following steps: the blueberries are crushed for 30s at 10000 rpm. And freeze drying the blueberry residue at-40 deg.C for 48h to obtain blueberry powder.
The preparation method of the modified millet bran dietary fiber comprises the following steps: suspending 50g of millet bran dietary fiber in 450mL of water, adding 0.12g of cellulase and 0.1g of hemicellulase, performing enzymolysis for 2h at 45 ℃, then preserving heat for 15min at 100 ℃ to terminate the reaction, filtering, collecting residues, and drying at 50 ℃ for 8h to obtain the enzymolysis millet bran dietary fiber; mixing 10mL of acrylic acid and 16mL of 6.25mol/L NaOH aqueous solution, stirring for 30min, adding 1g of enzymolysis millet bran dietary fiber and 100mL of water, stirring for 15min, then adding 1mL of 58mmol/L thiosalicylic acid and 1.5mL of 70mmol/L potassium permanganate, reacting at 80 ℃ for 3h, cooling the reaction solution to 25 ℃, filtering, washing filter residues with water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying at 45 ℃ for 12h to obtain the modified millet bran dietary fiber.
Comparative example 1
A preparation method of nutritional powder for lowering blood pressure, blood lipid and blood sugar comprises the following steps:
s1 weighing 20 parts by weight of skimmed milk powder, 30 parts by weight of almond powder, 15 parts by weight of seaweed powder, 10 parts by weight of cherokee rose root powder, 15 parts by weight of millet bran dietary fiber, 5 parts by weight of resistant dextrin, 3 parts by weight of erythritol and 12 parts by weight of tartary buckwheat powder, uniformly mixing, and sieving by a 80-mesh sieve;
s2 setting the temperature of the first area of the bulking machine to be 50 ℃, the temperature of the second area to be 120 ℃, the temperature of the third area to be 150 ℃ and the screw rotation speed to be 160 r/min;
s3, immediately putting the puffed nutritional powder into a drying oven for drying at the drying temperature of 60 ℃;
s4 micronizing the dried composite nutritional powder for 10min to obtain 120 mesh powder.
Comparative example 2
A preparation method of nutritional powder for lowering blood pressure, blood lipid and blood sugar comprises the following steps:
s1 weighing 20 parts by weight of skimmed milk powder, 30 parts by weight of almond powder, 15 parts by weight of seaweed powder, 10 parts by weight of cherokee rose root powder, 15 parts by weight of millet bran dietary fiber, 1 part by weight of plant extract, 5 parts by weight of resistant dextrin, 3 parts by weight of erythritol and 12 parts by weight of tartary buckwheat powder, uniformly mixing, and sieving by a 80-mesh sieve;
s2 setting the temperature of the first area of the bulking machine to be 50 ℃, the temperature of the second area to be 120 ℃, the temperature of the third area to be 150 ℃ and the screw rotation speed to be 160 r/min;
s3, immediately putting the puffed nutritional powder into a drying oven for drying at the drying temperature of 60 ℃;
s4 micronizing the dried composite nutritional powder for 10min to obtain 120 mesh powder.
The preparation method of the plant extract comprises the following steps: crushing blueberries at 10000rpm for 30s, adding 250g of blueberry residues into 1000mL of methanol solution, adding 10mL of 0.1mol/L HCl aqueous solution for extraction for 3h, centrifuging at 5000rpm for 15min, performing rotary evaporation at 50 ℃ to 1/8 of the original volume to obtain a blueberry concentrated solution, mixing the blueberry concentrated solution with ethyl acetate according to a ratio of 1: 1, extracting for three times, and collecting an anthocyanin water phase to obtain a blueberry anthocyanin crude extract; and (2) adding 20mL of anthocyanin crude extract into 1000g of AB-8 macroporous resin for further purification, eluting with water for 24h, eluting with an aqueous solution containing 0.01 wt% of HCl and 85 wt% of ethanol to collect blueberry anthocyanin parts, and freeze-drying at-40 ℃ for 24h to obtain the plant extract, namely the plant extract.
Comparative example 3
A preparation method of nutritional powder for lowering blood pressure, blood lipid and blood sugar comprises the following steps:
s1 weighing 20 parts by weight of skimmed milk powder, 30 parts by weight of almond powder, 15 parts by weight of seaweed powder, 10 parts by weight of cherokee rose root powder, 15 parts by weight of enzymolysis millet bran dietary fiber, 1 part by weight of blueberry anthocyanin extract, 5 parts by weight of resistant dextrin, 3 parts by weight of erythritol and 12 parts by weight of tartary buckwheat powder, uniformly mixing, and sieving by a 80-mesh sieve;
s2 setting the temperature of the first area of the bulking machine to be 50 ℃, the temperature of the second area to be 120 ℃, the temperature of the third area to be 150 ℃ and the screw rotation speed to be 160 r/min;
s3, immediately putting the puffed nutritional powder into a drying oven for drying at the drying temperature of 60 ℃;
s4 micronizing the dried composite nutritional powder for 10min to obtain 120 mesh powder.
The preparation method of the enzymolysis millet bran dietary fiber comprises the following steps: 50g of millet bran dietary fiber is suspended in 450mL of water, 0.12g of cellulase and 0.1g of hemicellulase are added, enzymolysis is carried out for 2h at 45 ℃, and then heat preservation is carried out for 15min at 100 ℃ to terminate the reaction. Filtering, collecting residue, and drying at 50 deg.C for 8 hr to obtain enzymolysis millet bran dietary fiber.
The preparation method of the plant extract is the same as that of example 2, and is not repeated herein.
Test example 1
The nutritional powders of examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-3 were tested for oil holding capacity using journal papers (Xiaonliang L, Modification of organic fibers from bamboo groot shell: Structural characteristics and functional characteristics. International journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2018, 120:1461-1467) as a specific test: mixing 1.0g nutritional powder (M)1) With 20mL corn oil in a centrifuge tube (M) at room temperature2) Mixing with medium shaking for 18h, centrifuging at 4000r/min for 15min, removing supernatant (free oil), collecting residue and weighing (M)3). The oil holdup OHC calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula M1Denotes the sample masses g, M2Represents the mass g, M of the centrifugal tube3Representing the mass g of the pellet and centrifuge tube.
TABLE 1 oil holdup of nutritional powders
| Examples | g oil/g powder |
| Example 1 | 2.73 |
| Example 2 | 3.21 |
| Example 3 | 1.72 |
| Example 4 | 2.95 |
| Comparative example 1 | 1.83 |
| Comparative example 2 | 1.91 |
| Comparative example 3 | 2.65 |
The oil retention rate indicates the size of the interaction between the nutritional powder and the oil, and the greater the oil retention rate, the stronger the oil retention capacity and the stronger the interaction with the oil. As can be seen from Table 1, the oil holding capacity of the nutrition powder can be remarkably improved by adding the millet bran dietary fiber into the nutrition powder, and the comparison example 2 and the comparison example 3 find that the millet bran dietary fiber modified by the enzyme method combined with the acrylate grafting method can introduce methyl and vinyl bonds into the structure of the dietary fiber, so that the steric hindrance between fiber molecules is increased, and the binding capacity of the millet bran dietary fiber and oil is further improved. In addition, the oil holding capacity of the nutritional powder can also be improved by compounding the modified millet bran dietary fiber and the blueberry anthocyanin extract.
Test example 2
The nutrition powder of examples 1-3 was tested for lowering blood sugar and blood lipid, and a rat model of high glucose/lipid metabolism disorder was established, on which the improvement effect of the composite nutrition powder on the blood sugar of the body was determined. SPF grade healthy male SD rats were purchased at 50 and the experiment was designed into 5 groups of 10 animals each, all animals were rested for 1 week prior to the experiment. The 5 groups of mice were: group a, normal feed group; group B, high sugar feed group; group C, a compound nutrition powder group added with high-sugar feed is prepared by the method of example 1, and the mass fraction of the added compound nutrition powder is 18%; group D, a compound nutrition powder group added with high-sugar feed, wherein the compound nutrition powder is prepared by the method of the embodiment 2, and the adding amount of the compound nutrition powder is 18% by mass; and group E, a compound nutritional powder group added with high-sugar feed, wherein the compound nutritional powder is prepared by the method of example 3, and the adding amount of the compound nutritional powder is 18% by mass. After the mice are fed with high sugar for 1 month, the blood is collected for detecting biochemical indexes. The main test indexes include triglyceride, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein and fasting blood glucose. The specific test results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 test table for blood sugar and blood fat reducing effect of nutrition powder
After the rats in the group B are fed by the high-sugar feed, the blood sugar value is obviously increased, the total cholesterol content is greatly increased compared with that in the normal group, and the fasting blood sugar of the rats is maintained at the normal level under the action of the compound nutrient powder, and the cholesterol content is not obviously increased. Therefore, the addition of the nutrition powder has better hypoglycemic effect. Comparing the group C with the group D, E, the finding shows that the combination of the modified millet bran dietary fiber and the blueberry anthocyanin well controls the blood sugar and the blood fat of mice, and the combination of the modified millet bran dietary fiber and the blueberry anthocyanin has an unexpected technical effect.
Test example 3
The nutritional powders of examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to a depressurization test, wherein the test subjects were SHR male rats with SPF grade and body weight of 300 to 400 g/rat, the control group was common male Wistar rats with SPF grade and body weight of 300 to 400 g/rat, and the SHR rats and Wistar rats were provided from Shanghai laboratory animal center of Chinese academy of sciences. The test method is carried out according to the specific requirements of spontaneous hypertension rats in the experimental methodology of syndrome differentiation and treatment of rats and mice (Zhaoqin, scientific publishing Co.). Randomly taking 15 Wistar rats as a normal group; randomly taking 15 SHR rats as a model group; 105 SHR rats were randomly assigned to 9 groups of 15 rats each, and used as experimental groups. The normal group, the model group and the experimental group were fed with basal diet and water freely daily, and the feeding environment was 25 ℃. The experimental group comprises traditional Chinese medicine extracts and water which are used for reducing blood pressure by intragastric administration every day, wherein the mass ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine extracts to the water is 1: 8 the preparation is prepared into decoction with a dosage of 4mL/10 g.body weight, and is administered continuously for 5 days and stopped for 2 days every week for 4 weeks, and the blood pressure (systolic pressure) of each group of rats is tested every week. The rat blood pressure test was performed using a BP-2010A model animal non-invasive sphygmomanometer (provided by shenzhen, reuwade life science and technology ltd), and the results were averaged by taking multiple numerical values. The measurement results of the blood pressure of the SHR rats are shown in Table 3, and the average value of the measurement results is taken.
Table 3: SHR rat blood pressure measurement result table
As can be seen from table 3, the SHR rats can effectively control blood pressure by eating the nutritional powder of the present invention, wherein the blood pressure of the mice to which the modified millet bran dietary fiber is added is significantly reduced in the third week, and particularly, after the modified millet bran dietary fiber and the blueberry anthocyanin extract are compounded and the rats insist on taking for 4 weeks, the blood pressure of the SHR rats is gradually restored to be close to a normal value, which indicates that the modified millet bran dietary fiber and the blueberry anthocyanin extract have synergistic effects.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A plant extract is characterized by being prepared by the following method: crushing blueberries to obtain blueberry pulp, adding the blueberry pulp into methanol, adding the methanol into an HCl aqueous solution, extracting for 2-3 hours, centrifuging, taking supernate, and concentrating to 1/10-1/8 of the original volume to obtain a blueberry concentrated solution; mixing the blueberry concentrated solution with ethyl acetate according to the weight ratio of 1: (1-2) extracting for three times, and collecting a water phase to obtain a blueberry anthocyanin crude extract; and adding the crude anthocyanin extract into adsorption resin for further purification, eluting with water for 20-24 h, eluting with acidified ethanol water solution to collect the blueberry anthocyanin part, and freeze-drying the eluent to obtain the blueberry anthocyanin extract, namely the plant extract.
2. The plant extract of claim 1, prepared by the following method: crushing blueberries at 8000-10000 rpm for 20-30 s, adding 250-300 g of blueberry residues into 1000-1200 mL of methanol solution, adding 10-15 mL of 0.1-0.2 mol/L HCl aqueous solution, leaching at 40-55 ℃ for 2-3 h, centrifuging at 5000-6000 rpm for 15-20 min, taking supernate, and rotationally evaporating at 50-55 ℃ to 1/10-1/8 of the original volume to obtain blueberry concentrated solution; mixing the blueberry concentrated solution with ethyl acetate according to the weight ratio of 1: (1-2) extracting for three times, and collecting an anthocyanin water phase to obtain a blueberry anthocyanin crude extract; and (2) adding 10-20 mL of crude anthocyanin extract into 800-1000 g of adsorption resin for further purification, eluting with water for 20-24 h, eluting with an acidified ethanol aqueous solution to collect blueberry anthocyanin parts, and freeze-drying at-50 to-40 ℃ for 24-30 h to obtain the blueberry anthocyanin extract.
3. A plant extract as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the HCl content of the acidified ethanol aqueous solution is 0.1-0.3 wt%, and the ethanol content is 75-95 wt%.
4. A plant extract as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the adsorption resin is AB-8 macroporous resin.
5. The nutritional powder for reducing blood pressure, blood fat and blood sugar is characterized by comprising the following substances in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of skim milk powder, 20-35 parts of almond powder, 10-15 parts of seaweed powder, 5-15 parts of cherokee rose root powder, 12-18 parts of millet bran dietary fiber, 0.5-2 parts of the plant extract as claimed in claim 1 or 2, 2-8 parts of resistant dextrin, 2-5 parts of erythritol and 8-12 parts of tartary buckwheat powder.
6. The nutritional powder for reducing blood pressure, blood fat and blood sugar is characterized by comprising the following substances in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of skim milk powder, 20-35 parts of almond powder, 10-15 parts of seaweed powder, 5-15 parts of cherokee rose root powder, 12-18 parts of modified millet bran dietary fiber, 0.5-2 parts of the plant extract as claimed in claim 1 or 2, 2-8 parts of resistant dextrin, 2-5 parts of erythritol and 8-12 parts of tartary buckwheat powder.
7. The nutritional powder for reducing blood pressure, blood fat and blood sugar is characterized by comprising the following substances in parts by weight: 20 parts by weight of skim milk powder, 30 parts by weight of almond powder, 15 parts by weight of seaweed powder, 10 parts by weight of cherokee rose root powder, 15 parts by weight of modified millet bran dietary fiber, 1 part by weight of the plant extract as claimed in claim 1 or 2, 5 parts by weight of resistant dextrin, 3 parts by weight of erythritol, 12 parts by weight of tartary buckwheat powder.
8. The nutritional powder for lowering blood pressure, blood lipid and blood sugar of claim 6, wherein the modified millet bran dietary fiber is prepared by the following steps: suspending 50-60 g of millet bran dietary fibers in 450-500 mL of water, adding 0.12-0.15 g of cellulase and 0.1-0.2 g of hemicellulase, performing enzymolysis for 2-3 h at 45-50 ℃, then preserving heat for 15-20 min at 95-100 ℃ to terminate the reaction, filtering, collecting residues, and drying at 45-50 ℃ for 8-10 h to obtain the enzymolysis millet bran dietary fibers; mixing and stirring 10-15 mL of acrylic acid and 16-20 mL of 6.25-6.5 mol/L NaOH aqueous solution for 30-40 min, adding 1-1.5 g of enzymolysis millet bran dietary fiber and 100-120 mL of water, stirring for 10-15 min, then adding 1-1.5 mL of 58-60 mmol/L of thiosalicylic acid and 1.5-2 mL of 70-75 mmol/L of potassium permanganate, reacting at 70-80 ℃ for 3-4 h, cooling the reaction solution to 20-25 ℃, filtering, washing filter residues with water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying at 45-50 ℃ for 12-15 h to obtain the modified millet bran dietary fiber.
9. A three-high (hypertension, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia) reducing nutritional paste powder containing the blood pressure reducing, blood lipid reducing and blood glucose reducing nutritional powder of any one of claims 5 to 8.
10. The nutritional paste powder for reducing blood pressure, blood fat and blood sugar of claim 9, wherein the nutritional paste powder for reducing blood pressure, blood fat and blood sugar is prepared from the nutritional powder for reducing blood pressure, blood fat and blood sugar of any one of claims 5 to 8, protein powder, additives and flavoring agents.
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