CN113818709B - Antiknock upgrading and reforming method and system for building - Google Patents

Antiknock upgrading and reforming method and system for building Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113818709B
CN113818709B CN202010562134.8A CN202010562134A CN113818709B CN 113818709 B CN113818709 B CN 113818709B CN 202010562134 A CN202010562134 A CN 202010562134A CN 113818709 B CN113818709 B CN 113818709B
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explosion
building
source
determining
probability
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CN113818709A (en
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凌晓东
顾蒙
于安峰
党文义
陈国鑫
鲍磊
李厚达
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Safety Engineering Research Institute Co Ltd
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Safety Engineering Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
    • E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
    • E04G23/0218—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides an antiknock upgrading and reforming method and system for a building, and belongs to the technical field of petrochemical industry. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a target antiknock fortification value of the building; detecting the strength of the building; applying an explosion shock wave corresponding to the target anti-explosion fortification value to a simulated building of the building; calculating a ductility ratio or a standoff angle of a structural member of the simulated building after experiencing the blast shock wave action from the strength of the building; and determining the structure as a weak point of the building in the event that the ductility ratio of the structure is greater than a ductility ratio threshold or the support rotation angle is greater than a support rotation angle threshold, thereby performing antiknock upgrade reconstruction for the weak point. The method can realize targeted upgrading and reconstruction of the building, improve the antiknock capability of the building and reduce the safety risk.

Description

Antiknock upgrading and reforming method and system for building
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petrochemical industry, in particular to an antiknock upgrading and reforming method and system for a building.
Background
When an explosion accident (such as Huang Dao oil pipeline explosion accident, tianjin harbor explosion accident and Jiangsu water explosion accident) occurs, the destruction force is huge, and a large number of casualties of personnel in a non-antiknock building near an explosion source are often caused. At present, only a few newly-built chemical enterprises or devices in the petrochemical industry consider the antiknock safety design of places occupied by nearby personnel, for example, part of central control rooms or device control rooms adopt antiknock control room designs, and most of internal personnel close to high-explosion-risk devices occupy buildings, only the fireproof requirement is considered, and antiknock performance is not considered. These buildings, once damaged by shock waves, can cause serious personnel and property damage. Therefore, upgrading and reforming the building to improve the antiknock capability of the building is a technical problem which needs to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide an antiknock upgrading and reforming method and system for a building, which are used for upgrading and reforming the building so as to improve antiknock capacity of the building and reduce safety risks.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides an antiknock upgrade modification method for a building, the method including: acquiring a target antiknock fortification value of the building; detecting the strength of the building, wherein the strength comprises the compressive strength of the concrete structure and mortar, the tensile strength of the steel bars and the shear strength of brick walls; applying an explosion shock wave corresponding to the target anti-explosion fortification value to a simulated building of the building; calculating a ductility ratio or a standoff angle of a structural member of the simulated building after experiencing the blast shock wave action from the strength of the building; and determining the structure as a weak point of the building in the event that the ductility ratio of the structure is greater than a ductility ratio threshold or the support rotation angle is greater than a support rotation angle threshold, thereby performing antiknock upgrade reconstruction for the weak point.
Optionally, calculating a ductility ratio or a standoff angle of the structural member of the simulated building after experiencing the blast shock wave action based on the strength of the building comprises:
the ductility ratio of the structural member is calculated according to the following formula:
calculating the support angle of the structural member according to the following formula:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
X m ＝R/k
k＝I/L 0 3
wherein μ is the ductility ratio, X m Representing the elastoplastic deformation of the structural member after the action of the blast shock wave, X y Represents the elastic limit deformation of the structural member, θ represents the support rotation angle, L 0 Representing the span of the structural member, R representing the reflected pressure generated by the blast shock wave, k representing the stiffness of the structural member, I representing the cross-sectional moment of inertia of the structural member, b representing the cross-sectional width of the structural member, d representing the cross-sectional effective height of the structural member, A s The reinforcement area of the structural member E S -the tensile strength of the steel bar is represented, E cd Representing the compressive strength of the concrete structure and mortar or the shear strength of the brick wall.
Optionally, obtaining the target antiknock fortification value of the building includes: determining an explosion source within a preset distance of the building; determining the frequency of explosion accidents of the explosion source; performing explosion simulation on the explosion sources aiming at different explosion accident occurrence frequencies to determine different explosion overpressure of the explosion sources; performing curve simulation on different explosion accident occurrence frequencies and corresponding different explosion overpressure to obtain an anti-explosion fortification value curve of the building; and determining the target anti-knock fortification value for the building from an anti-knock fortification value curve for the building according to an acceptable frequency of occurrence of an explosion incident for the building.
Optionally, the determining the frequency of occurrence of the explosion accident of the explosion source includes: determining a leak frequency of the explosive source; determining the ignition probability of the explosion source; determining the weather condition probability of the area where the explosion source is located; determining an explosion probability of the explosion source; and taking the product of the leakage frequency, the ignition probability, the weather condition probability and the explosion probability as the explosion accident occurrence frequency of the explosion source.
Optionally, the determining the leak frequency of the explosion source includes calculating the leak frequency of the explosion source according to the following formula:
F(d)＝(a+cV n )d m /b
F(d 1 -d 2 )＝F(d 1 )-F(d 2 )
wherein F (d) represents the absence of occurrence of the explosion sourceA frequency of less than d pore size leakage in times/year; f (d) 1 -d 2 ) Indicating that the range of the aperture of the explosion source is d 1 To d 2 The frequency of aperture leakage in times/year; v is the volume of the explosion source, and the unit is mm 3 ；d，d 1 ，d 2 The diameter d1 is less than or equal to d2, and the unit is mm; a, b, c, n, m represent constants associated with the explosive source and the leaky scene, respectively.
Optionally, the determining the ignition probability of the explosion source includes: acquiring the temperature in the process of the explosion source and the self-ignition point of the explosion source; the firing probability of the explosion source is calculated according to the following formula:
Wherein, pai is the ignition probability, T is the temperature in the process of the explosion source, and AIT is the self-ignition point of the explosion source.
Optionally, the determining the explosion probability of the explosion source includes calculating the explosion probability according to the following formula:
POEGD＝0.3×M CHEM ×M MAGE ×M IN/OUT ×FEP
wherein POEDD is the explosion probability, M CHEM As a chemical active factor, M MAGE To release the size factor, M IN/OUT FEP is the failure probability of a preventive measure for indoor and outdoor factors.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the invention also provides an upgrading and reforming system for the building, which comprises the following components: the acquisition device is used for acquiring the target antiknock fortification value of the building; the detection device is used for detecting the strength of the building, wherein the strength comprises the compressive strength of a concrete structure and mortar, the tensile strength of a reinforcing steel bar and the shear strength of a brick wall; a shock wave action device for applying an explosion shock wave corresponding to the target anti-explosion fortification value to a simulated building of the building; calculating means for calculating a ductility ratio or a standoff angle of a structural member of the simulated building after experiencing the blast shock wave action based on the strength of the building; and determining means for determining the structure as a weak point of the building in the event that the ductility ratio of the structure is greater than a ductility ratio threshold or the support rotation angle is greater than a support rotation angle threshold, thereby performing an antiknock upgrade retrofit for the weak point.
Optionally, the calculating means calculating the ductility ratio or stand-off angle of the simulated building after experiencing the blast shock wave action comprises:
the ductility ratio of the structural member is calculated according to the following formula:
calculating the support angle of the structural member according to the following formula:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
X m ＝R/k
k＝I/L 0 3
wherein μ is the ductility ratio, X m Representing the elastoplastic deformation of the structural member after the action of the blast shock wave, X y Represents the elastic limit deformation of the structural member, and θ representsThe support is provided with a corner L 0 Representing the span of the structural member, R representing the reflected pressure generated by the blast shock wave, k representing the stiffness of the structural member, I representing the cross-sectional moment of inertia of the structural member, b representing the cross-sectional width of the structural member, d representing the cross-sectional effective height of the structural member, A s The reinforcement area of the structural member E S -the tensile strength of the steel bar is represented, E cd Representing the compressive strength of the concrete structure and mortar or the shear strength of the brick wall.
Optionally, the acquiring device includes: an explosion source determining device for determining an explosion source within a preset distance of the building; an explosion accident occurrence frequency determining device for determining the explosion accident occurrence frequency of the explosion source; explosion overpressure determining means for performing explosion simulation on the explosion source for different explosion accident occurrence frequencies to determine different explosion overpressure of the explosion source; the curve simulation device is used for performing curve simulation on different explosion accident occurrence frequencies and corresponding different explosion overpressure so as to obtain an anti-explosion fortification value curve of the building; and an anti-knock fortification value determining means for determining the target anti-knock fortification value of the building from an anti-knock fortification value curve of the building according to an acceptable frequency of occurrence of an explosion accident for the building.
Optionally, the explosion accident occurrence frequency determining device includes: a leak frequency determination module for determining a leak frequency of the explosion source; an ignition probability determination module for determining an ignition probability of the explosion source; the weather condition probability determining module is used for determining weather condition probability of the area where the explosion source is located; the explosion probability determining module is used for determining the explosion probability of the explosion source; and an explosion accident occurrence frequency calculation module, configured to take a product of the leakage frequency, the ignition probability, the weather condition probability, and the explosion probability as an explosion accident occurrence frequency of the explosion source.
Optionally, the leakage frequency determining module is configured to determine the leakage frequency of the explosion source according to the following formula:
F(d)＝(a+cV n )d m /b
F(d 1 -d 2 )＝F(d 1 )-F(d 2 )
wherein F (d) represents the frequency of the explosion source not less than d aperture leakage in times/year; f (d) 1 -d 2 ) Indicating that the range of the aperture of the explosion source is d 1 To d 2 The frequency of aperture leakage in times/year; v is the volume of the explosion source, and the unit is mm 3 ；d，d 1 ，d 2 The diameter d1 is less than or equal to d2, and the unit is mm; a, b, c, n, m represent constants associated with the explosive source and the leaky scene, respectively.
Optionally, the ignition probability determining module is configured to determine the ignition probability of the explosion source according to the following steps: acquiring the temperature in the process of the explosion source and the self-ignition point of the explosion source; the firing probability of the explosion source is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein, pai is the ignition probability, T is the temperature in the process of the explosion source, and AIT is the self-ignition point of the explosion source.
Optionally, the explosion probability determination module calculates the explosion probability according to the following formula:
POEGD＝0.3×M CHEM ×M MAGE ×M IN/OUT ×FEP
wherein POEDD is the explosion probability, M CHEM As a chemical active factor, M MAGE To release the size factor, M IN/OUT FEP is the failure probability of a preventive measure for indoor and outdoor factors.
Accordingly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a machine-readable storage medium having stored thereon instructions for causing a machine to perform the above-described upgrade transformation method for a building.
According to the technical scheme, when the building is upgraded and reformed, the target anti-explosion fortification value of the building is firstly obtained, the explosion shock wave corresponding to the target anti-explosion fortification value acts on the simulated building, and then the weak point of the building is determined according to the ductility ratio or the support corner of the simulated building after the simulated building is subjected to the explosion shock wave action, so that the building is upgraded and reformed in a targeted manner, the anti-explosion capability of the building is improved, and the safety risk is reduced.
Additional features and advantages of embodiments of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain, without limitation, the embodiments of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows a flow diagram of an upgrade modification method for a building according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 illustrates a flow diagram for obtaining a target anti-knock fortification value of a building in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of an exemplary building antiknock fortification value curve;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of determining the frequency of occurrence of an explosion event of an explosion source according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of the wind rose diagram;
FIG. 6 illustrates a flow diagram for determining an explosion overpressure of an explosion source according to an embodiment of the invention; and
fig. 7 shows a block diagram of an upgrade modification system for a building according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes the detailed implementation of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating and illustrating the invention, are not intended to limit the invention.
In any embodiment of the invention, the explosion fortification value means the explosion pressure that the building needs to resist.
Example 1
Fig. 1 illustrates an upgrade modification method for a building according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides an upgrade modification method for a building, which includes steps S110 to S150.
In step S110, a target antiknock fortification value of the building is obtained.
The building can be a building in petrochemical industry, especially an important in-service building, and can comprise a factory office building, a central control room, a central laboratory, a general substation, a cabinet room, an external operation room with concentrated personnel and the like. These important buildings, once destroyed by the blast shock wave, can cause serious personnel and property damage.
When the target anti-explosion value of the building is obtained, an anti-explosion value curve of the building can be obtained according to the explosion accident occurrence frequency of explosion sources around the building and different explosion overpressure corresponding to different explosion accident occurrence frequencies, and then the target anti-explosion value of the building is determined from the anti-explosion value curve of the building according to the acceptable explosion accident occurrence frequency of the building. The target anti-knock fortification value is the explosion overpressure that the building is expected to resist.
In step S120, the strength of the building is detected.
The strength includes the compressive strength of the concrete structure and mortar, the tensile strength of the reinforcing steel bars, and the shear strength of the brick wall. That is, for concrete structures such as beams, columns, roof panels, etc. of buildings, the mortar is mainly detected for compressive strength; the tensile strength of the steel bar is mainly detected; the shear strength of the brick wall is mainly detected. Methods of detecting the strength of a building include, but are not limited to: rebound method, ultrasonic rebound synthesis method, core drilling method, extraction method, impact echo method, radar method, infrared imaging method, magnetic measurement method, etc.
In step S130, an explosion shock wave corresponding to the target anti-explosion fortification value is applied to a simulated building of the building.
The simulated building may be a structural model or a physical model of the building area. That is, the building may be simulated in an equal proportion or in a certain reduced proportion, and the strength of the building may be considered when the building is simulated. The strength of the simulated building needs to be substantially the same as the strength of the original building.
The detonation may be performed using a detonation device capable of producing a target blast-resistant fortification value to obtain the detonation shock wave.
In step S140, the ductility ratio or the standoff angle of the structural member of the simulated building after experiencing the blast shock wave action is calculated from the strength of the building.
This step is mainly used to evaluate the load-bearing capacity and damage of the structures such as building columns, beams, walls, doors, windows, etc. under the impact of explosion. Evaluation methods include, but are not limited to: a time course analysis method, a dynamic analysis method, an equivalent static load method, a CAE calculation method and the like of the building structure.
The ductility ratio of the structural member is calculated according to the following formula:
calculating the support angle of the structural member according to the following formula:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
X m ＝R/k (3)
k＝I/L 0 3 (4)
wherein μ is the ductility ratio, X m Representing the elastoplastic deformation of the structural member after the action of the blast shock wave, X y Represents the elastic limit deformation of the structural member, θ represents the support rotation angle, L 0 Representing the span of the structural member, R representing the reflected pressure generated by the blast shock wave, k representing the stiffness of the structural member, I representing the cross-sectional moment of inertia of the structural member, b representing the cross-sectional width of the structural member, d representing the cross-sectional effective height of the structural member, A s The reinforcement area of the structural member E S -the tensile strength of the steel bar is represented, E cd Representing the compressive strength of the concrete structure and mortar or the shear strength of the brick wall.
The reflection pressure R generated by the explosion shock wave can be equal to the explosion overpressure corresponding to the target anti-explosion fortification value. X is X y ，L 0 ，k，b，d，A s The values of (2) may be obtained in advance.
In step S150, in the event that the ductility ratio of the structure is greater than a ductility ratio threshold or the support rotation angle is greater than a support rotation angle threshold, the structure is determined to be a weak point of the building, thereby making an upgrade retrofit to the weak point.
The ductility ratio threshold may be an allowable ductility ratio of the structural member, or may be any other suitable value as desired. The seat rotation angle threshold may be a seat rotation angle allowable value of the structural member, or may be any other suitable value as desired.
Table 1 shows the allowable ductility ratio or the allowable support angle value of the structural member. If the ductility ratio or the support rotation angle of a certain structure is larger than the allowable value, the structure can be determined to be a weak point of a building, and antiknock upgrading transformation is needed.
TABLE 1
After the weak points of the building under the explosion impact are found, targeted reinforcing measures can be adopted to carry out engineering reconstruction on the weak points, so that the structural bearing capacity of the building under the explosion impact is improved. Measures taken include, but are not limited to, adding carbon fibers, bonding steel, high pressure grouting, reinforcement, polyurea coatings, such as: CFRP, GFRP, AFRP, BFRP, etc. Furthermore, the beam column, the wall, the door and window, the ventilation opening and the cable through-wall of the building can be subjected to antiknock transformation according to the damage condition of the building structure.
For a modified building, it is possible to construct its simulated building, i.e. to construct its structural model or to construct a solid model for verification. For example, an explosion shock wave corresponding to the target explosion-proof fortification value may be applied to a simulated building of the transformed building, and a ductility ratio or a support angle of the simulated building after being subjected to the explosion shock wave application may be calculated from the strength of the transformed building. Thereby confirm whether the building after reforming transform meets the target antiknock fortification value, if not, can further reform transform the weak point.
According to the upgrading and reforming method for the building, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the weak points of the building are obtained according to the target anti-explosion fortification value, so that the building is upgraded and reformed in a targeted manner, the anti-explosion capability of the building is improved, the safety risk is reduced, and the upgrading and reforming do not affect production.
Example two
The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is only that the target anti-knock fortification value of the building is obtained, and other working principles and benefits are similar to those of the embodiment, and will not be described here again. Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of acquiring a target anti-knock fortification value of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the target anti-knock fortification value of the building may be acquired according to steps S210 to S250.
Step S210, determining an explosion source within a preset distance of the building.
By analyzing the general plan layout around the building, the unit of equipment and other sources of explosion hazard that may exist are determined, including but not limited to: physical explosion sources caused by overpressure of containers (gas cylinders, pressure vessels, boilers, pipelines), chemical explosion (TNT decomposition explosion, VCE explosion, dust explosion) sources, and the like. Specifically, it is possible to determine whether or not the raw materials, intermediate products, and end products of the building peripheral devices, unit storages, and reactions have a risk of explosion. If the material is the material with the explosion hazard, judging whether the material has the explosion hazard or not according to the operation temperature and the operation pressure of the material; if the material has explosion hazard under the process operation temperature and the operation pressure, judging whether serious accidents are caused by combining the total stock of the material; if a serious accident is likely to occur, the device involved in the material with the explosion hazard is determined as an explosion hazard source.
Further, for the identified explosion hazard sources, dividing the explosion hazard sources into different nodes according to the technological process of the explosion hazard source device and by combining the hazard characteristics and distribution of the explosion hazard sources, and analyzing the technological hazard of each node by adopting an identification method to determine a specific hazard technological unit. The explosion source in the embodiment of the invention refers to the dangerous process unit, and the subsequent calculation is also based on the dangerous process unit. The identification method includes, but is not limited to, any one or more of the following: process Hazard Analysis (PHA), checklist, hazard and operability (HAZOP), bowTie analysis, protective layer analysis (LOPA), failure mode and outcome analysis (FMEA), quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA), CFD and CAE based explosion outcome assessment, wind tunnel experiment based leak explosion assessment, and the like.
The preset distance in any embodiment of the present invention may be set to any suitable value as desired.
Step S220, determining the explosion accident occurrence frequency of the explosion source.
The explosion accident frequency is mainly influenced by factors such as the leakage frequency of the explosion source, the ignition probability of the explosion source, the weather condition probability of the area where the explosion source is located, the explosion probability of the explosion source and the like. By determining these factors, the frequency of the explosion accident of the explosion source can be determined.
Step S230, performing explosion simulation on the explosion source for different explosion accident occurrence frequencies to determine different explosion overpressure of the explosion source.
The frequency of explosion accidents of the explosion source is different under different weather condition probabilities and different aperture sizes of leakage frequencies. The corresponding explosion overpressure of the explosion source can be calculated for different explosion accident occurrence frequencies.
And step S240, performing curve simulation on different explosion accident occurrence frequencies and corresponding different explosion overpressure so as to obtain an anti-explosion fortification value curve of the building.
The explosion accident frequency and the explosion overpressure have one-to-one corresponding values, and the explosion protection value curve of the building about the explosion source can be obtained by simulating a plurality of pairs of explosion accident frequency and explosion overpressure. Under the condition that a plurality of explosion sources exist in a preset distance of a building, an antiknock fortification value curve can be obtained for each explosion source. And taking the anti-explosion fortification value curves for all explosion sources as the anti-explosion fortification value curves of the building.
Step S250 of determining the target anti-knock fortification value for the building from an anti-knock fortification value curve for the building according to an acceptable frequency of occurrence of an explosion incident for the building.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of an exemplary building antiknock value curve. In fig. 3, the ordinate indicates the frequency of occurrence of an explosion accident, and the abscissa indicates the overpressure of the explosion. According to different risk acceptable standards of different enterprises, namely frequency values of vertical coordinates, according to acceptable explosion accident occurrence frequencies of the enterprises, a graph can be checked to obtain corresponding explosion overpressure, and the corresponding explosion overpressure can be used as a target explosion fortification value of a building of the enterprise.
The method for determining the anti-explosion value of the building provided by the embodiment comprises the steps of firstly determining the explosion accident occurrence frequency of the explosion source within the preset distance of the building and the overpressure of the explosion source under different explosion accident occurrence frequencies, and then performing curve simulation on the explosion accident occurrence frequency and the overpressure to obtain an anti-explosion value curve of the building, so that the anti-explosion value of the building can be quantitatively determined according to the acceptable explosion accident occurrence frequency of the building, a construction or reconstruction basis is provided for the anti-explosion design of the building, and the method is also suitable for protecting the building according to local conditions.
Example III
The difference between the present embodiment and the first or second embodiment is only the determination of the frequency of the explosion accident of the explosion source, and other working principles and benefits are not described herein. Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart showing the determination of the frequency of occurrence of an explosion accident of an explosion source according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 4, the frequency of occurrence of an explosion accident of an explosion source can be determined according to steps S402 to S410.
In step S402, a leak frequency of the explosion source is determined.
The number of reactors, towers, pumps, flanges, valves, pipelines and the like in the device and the technological parameters of each equipment are mastered by acquiring a process unit P & ID drawing of the device of the explosion source, and the frequency of leakage of different sizes of the device of the explosion source is analyzed and determined. The leakage equipment may include process piping, process vessels, centrifugal pumps, volumetric pumps, centrifugal compressors, reciprocating compressors, shell and tube heat exchangers, plate heat exchangers, air coolers, filters, long piping, and the like.
The leak frequency of the explosive source is calculated according to the following formula:
F(d)＝(a+cV n )d m /b (8)
F(d 1 -d 2 )＝F(d 1 )-F(d 2 ) (9)
wherein F (d) represents the frequency of the explosion source not less than d aperture leakage in times/year; f (d) 1 -d 2 ) Indicating that the range of the aperture of the explosion source is d 1 To d 2 Pore diameterThe frequency of leakage in times/year; v is the volume of the explosion source, and the unit is mm 3 ；d，d 1 ，d 2 The diameter d1 is less than or equal to d2, and the unit is mm; a, b, c, n, m represent constants associated with the explosive source and the leaky scene, respectively.
In step S404, the firing probability of the explosion source is determined.
When evaluating the internal ignition probability of process equipment, the following factors should be considered: historical experience; explosive partitioning within the process equipment; failure probability of an internal device or component due to incorrect installation; the possibility of static electricity generated by the material; static electricity accumulation, poor grounding, and the like; spark occurring under normal or abnormal conditions; the gas phase line is connected to other ignition sources; absorbing heat (e.g., an activated carbon bed); an internal and external temperature; materials with low self-ignition points; materials with low ignition energy; autoxidizing the material; internal normal or abnormal chemical reactions; thermal operations, including nearby equipment; a mobile device; adiabatic compression.
The present embodiment mainly considers the ignition probability caused by autoignition. The temperature during the process of the explosion source and the self-ignition point of the explosion source can be firstly obtained when the ignition probability is calculated. The temperature during the process of the explosion source can be obtained according to actual measurement, and the highest temperature or average temperature during the process of the explosion source can be taken. The self-ignition point of the source of the explosion may be determined based on the material of the source of the explosion. Thereafter, the firing probability of the explosion source may be calculated according to the following formula:
Wherein, pai is the ignition probability, T is the temperature in the process of the explosion source, and AIT is the self-ignition point of the explosion source.
Alternatively, pai may assume 1 for a spark producing substance or an explosive source.
In step S406, the weather condition probability of the area where the explosion source is located is determined.
For a leakage accident, the consequences of the explosion accident can be different under different wind directions, and the weather condition probability refers to the frequency of the explosion accident caused by different wind direction frequencies. The weather condition probabilities may be obtained from the wind rose map by obtaining the wind rose map of the area where the source of the explosion is located from the weather station. The wind rose diagram, also called wind direction frequency rose diagram, is a percentage value of each wind direction and wind speed counted according to the average of years in a certain area, and is drawn according to a certain proportion, as shown in fig. 5, according to fig. 5, the wind frequency (i.e. weather condition probability) of each direction can be determined approximately as follows: north 0.1, south 0.3, west 0.1, east 0.05, northwest 0.2, etc. The visible weather condition probability may have a plurality of values, so that the finally calculated frequency of occurrence of the explosion accident is also possible to have a plurality of values.
For a certain leakage, the leakage diffusion accident results under different wind directions need to be considered, and the occurrence frequency of the wind directions is also considered. The severity of the leakage accident consequences is comprehensively determined by combining the accident consequences and occurrence frequencies under different wind directions.
In step S408, the explosion probability of the explosion source is determined.
The explosion probability can be calculated according to the following formula:
POEGD＝0.3×M CHEM ×M MAGE ×M IN/OUT ×FEP (11)
wherein POEDD is the explosion probability, M CHEM As a chemical active factor, M MAGE To release the size factor, M IN/OUT FEP is the failure probability of a preventive measure for indoor and outdoor factors.
M CHEM The default value is 1. If the base layer flow combustion velocity FBV < 45cm/s, M CHEM =0.5; if the combustion speed FBV of the base layer flow is less than 75cm/s and is less than or equal to 45cm/s, M CHEM =1.0; if 75cm/s is less than or equal to the base layer flow combustion speed FBV, M CHEM ＝2.0。
M MAGE The following calculation method is adopted:
(1) When the source of the explosion is liquid and the amount of liquid discharged is known:
M MAGE ＝M MAG-Amount Released(liquid) ＝(Amount Released/5000) 0.3 (12)
M MAG-Amount Released(liquid) is a chemical active factor when the source of the explosion is liquid and the discharge of the liquid is known.
(2) The source of the explosion is liquid and the liquid bleed aperture size is known:
M MAGE ＝M MAG-Hole Diameter(liquid) ＝(Hole Diameter) 0.6 (13)
M MAG-Hole Diameter(liquid) chemical active factors that are liquid as the source of the explosion and are known to the size of the liquid discharge aperture.
(3) When the source of the explosion is gas and the amount of liquid discharged is known:
M MAGE ＝M MAG-Amount Released(vapor) ＝(Amount Released/5000) 0.5 (14)
(4) The source of the explosion is gas and the liquid bleed aperture size is known:
M MAG-Hole Diameter(vapor) ＝(Hole Diameter) (15)
in formulas (5) to (8), amountreleased represents the discharge Amount in Kg/h, hole Diameter represents the pore size in mm. The discharge amount can be comprehensively determined according to the pressure, the temperature and the reaction medium in the reactor.
When the discharge amount is more than 0.3 and less than or equal to 3, and the discharge aperture is more than or equal to 0.01 and less than or equal to 2, the limit value is taken, for example, when the discharge amount is less than 0.3kg/h, 0.3kg/h is taken, and when the discharge amount is more than 3kg/h, 3kg/h is taken. When both the bleed volume and the bleed aperture are known, the average of both calculated values can be taken.
If in the process zone, M IN/OUT =1; if in a tank farm or other remote low density area, M IN/OUT =0.5; if in the room, M IN/OUT ＝1.5。
The FEP may be a value predetermined based on practical experience, and the PEP may have a value ranging from 0 to 1.
In step S410, the product of the leak frequency, the ignition probability, the weather condition probability, and the explosion probability is taken as the explosion accident occurrence frequency of the explosion source.
That is, the frequency of occurrence of an explosion accident can be calculated according to the following formula: explosion accident occurrence frequency = leakage frequency x weather condition probability x ignition probability x explosion probability. It can be understood that the calculation method of the explosion accident occurrence frequency is not limited thereto, and a correction coefficient can be added to the calculation formula thereof to obtain a more accurate explosion accident occurrence frequency.
Example IV
The difference between this embodiment and any of the foregoing embodiments is that the determination of the explosion overpressure, other working principles and benefits are similar to those of the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here. Fig. 6 shows a schematic flow diagram of determining an explosion overpressure of an explosion source according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 6, an explosion overpressure of the explosion source may be determined according to steps S602 to S608.
In step S602, the volume of the explosion source is determined.
In step S604, the source energy of the source is determined from the volume of the source.
The energy of the explosion source is different in different wind directions. The wind direction corresponds to the occurrence frequency of the explosion accident one by one, so that the energy of the explosion source corresponds to the occurrence frequency of the explosion accident one by one. The energy of the explosion source is the combustion energy of the fuel-air mixture in the explosion source.
And calculating possible leakage accidents of the explosion source, determining the amount of leaked combustible gas, comparing the amount of the leaked combustible gas with the volume of the explosion source, determining the amount of the combustible gas contributing to the explosion shock wave, and further determining the energy of the explosion source.
The source of the explosion can be modeled as a regular geometric body, such as a rectangular body (measuring its length, width, height b1, b2, b3, respectively), a cylinder (measuring its height and diameter lc and dc, respectively), a sphere (measuring its diameter ds), etc. The volume is then calculated as the volume of the source of the explosion based on the parameters of the geometry.
There may be many potential hazard areas in petrochemical plant areas, where different hazard areas, if located closer together, may constitute a large source of explosions, and if located farther apart, multiple small sources of explosions are formed. The different shapes of the potentially dangerous areas have an effect on whether a large source of explosion is formed or not, and in determining the volume of the source of explosion in particular, it can be determined whether a large source of explosion is formed or not, and then the volume is determined. The volume can be determined specifically according to the following steps:
(1) Changing devices within the potentially dangerous area to basic geometry: rectangle (length, width, height are b1, b2, b3 respectively), cylinder (height and diameter are lc and dc respectively), sphere (diameter is ds);
(2) Assuming an ignition position in the blocked area, so that the propagation direction of the flame with respect to each device can be known; the blocked area refers to an area where an explosion accident may occur.
(3) Determining the direction of the obstruction: d1 is the smallest dimension in a plane that assumes the device is perpendicular to the flame propagation direction, D2 is the device dimension parallel to the flame propagation direction (cylinder: D1 may be dc or lc, cube: D1 may be b1, b2, b3, sphere: D1 is ds);
(4) Construction of the blocked region: an obstacle is to belong to the obstacle region, the following condition being satisfied: the distance from the center of the device to the center of any obstruction in the obstruction area is less than 10D1 or 1.5D2; if the obstacle is greater than 25m from the outer boundary of the obstacle region, the obstacle does not belong to the obstacle region.
(5) Defining a cube: defining a cube within the occlusion region, comprising all obstructions within the occlusion region, any obstruction within the occlusion region being less than 10D1 or 1.5D2 from the constrained surface; part of the tall chimney, the upper part of the distillation column or the piping lane of the connecting pipes may not belong to this zone, these devices being required to form respective zones of obstruction.
(6) Subdividing a large cube into a plurality of small cubes: in defining a cube, to include a device that blocks a region, the cube may define an oversized region that includes a portion of the region that is completely unobstructed, and the portion of the volume is reduced by subdividing the large cube. The volume after subtracting this partial volume is the volume of the source of the explosion.
The determined volume of the explosion source is actually the volume of the mixture of combustible and air in the explosion source, and the energy of the explosion source can be calculated according to the following formula:
E＝aWV explosion source (16)
Wherein: e is explosion source energy, and the unit is J; v (V) Explosion source Is the volume of an explosion source and has the unit of m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the a is a related constant; w is the active factor of different materials.
In step S606, the source intensity of the source is determined.
The source strength may be determined based on the ignition energy, the extent of blockage, and the extent of confinement of the source.
The ignition energy is less than 100mJ and is called weak ignition energy, whereas the ignition energy is strong ignition energy. The ignition energy is the energy of the pointing fire source. For example, for the same explosion source, tribostatic electricity may ignite it, matches may ignite, both static electricity and matches belong to ignition sources, their ignition energy is different, and the resulting explosion results are different. Therefore, consideration of the ignition energy is required.
The degree of blockage is determined by the condition of the obstacle in the area where the source of the explosion is located. Strong occlusion means that the volume of the obstruction is greater than 30% of the volume of the entire occlusion area and the distance between the obstructions is less than 3m; a weak degree of obstruction indicates that the area obstacle is present but the two conditions above cannot be met simultaneously.
The degree of constraint is characterized by both the presence and absence of constraints. The existence of constraint means that the combustible gas cloud of the explosion source is limited by 2 or 3 solid surfaces; the absence of a constraint means that the flammable cloud of the explosive source is limited to only one surface of the earth.
After determining the ignition energy, the extent of blockage, the extent of restriction of the source of the explosion, the intensity level may be determined according to table 2. In table 2 the intensity levels are divided into 1-10 levels, where 10 represents the highest level and 1 represents the lowest level. How a particular intensity level is determined is illustrated here by way of example. For example, if the ignition energy of a certain explosion source is strong ignition energy, the blocking degree is strong blocking degree, and there is a constraint, it can be determined from table 1 that the intensity level range is 7-10, and then one level is selected from 7-10 levels as the intensity level Q of the explosion source according to the actual situation.
TABLE 2 determination of intensity level of explosion source
In step S608, an explosion overpressure at the preset distance from the explosion source is determined according to the explosion source energy and the explosion source intensity. The explosion overpressure can be calculated specifically according to the following formula:
wherein P is explosion overpressure, the unit Pa, t is overpressure duration, and the unit is s; x is a coefficient related to pressure; y is an energy-dependent coefficient; e is explosion source energy; l is the distance (i.e., the preset distance) of the overpressure calculation point from the explosion source; r is the radius of the explosive source.
In equation (10), the overpressure duration t is calculated according to the following equation:
wherein v is a Is the speed of sound in the air, p 0 E is the explosion source energy, which is the ambient atmospheric pressure.
In the formula (10), the radius R of the explosion source is calculated according to the following formula:
the calculation method of the explosion overpressure in the embodiment of the invention is not limited to this, and for example, table 1 and formulas (17) - (19) may be modified slightly to obtain the explosion overpressure. The explosion overpressure calculation mode can accurately and quickly calculate the explosion overpressure of the explosion source.
Example five
Fig. 7 shows a block diagram of an upgrade modification system for a building according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 7, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an upgrade modification system for a building, the system including: an obtaining device 810, configured to obtain a target antiknock fortification value of the building; a detection device 820 for detecting the strength of the building; a shock wave action means 830 for applying an explosion shock wave corresponding to the target anti-knock fortification value to a simulated building of the building; calculating means 840 for calculating a ductility ratio or stand-off angle of said simulated building after experiencing said blast shock wave action from said intensity of said building; and determining means 850 for determining the weak point of the building based on the ductility ratio or the bearing angle to upgrade the weak point.
The calculation means may calculate the ductility ratio or the stand-off angle of the simulated building after undergoing the blast shock wave action using equations (1) - (7).
In some alternative cases, the acquiring means may comprise: an explosion source determining device for determining an explosion source within a preset distance of the building; an explosion accident occurrence frequency determining device for determining the explosion accident occurrence frequency of the explosion source; explosion overpressure determining means for performing explosion simulation on the explosion source for different explosion accident occurrence frequencies to determine different explosion overpressure of the explosion source; the curve simulation device is used for performing curve simulation on different explosion accident occurrence frequencies and corresponding different explosion overpressure so as to obtain an anti-explosion fortification value curve of the building; and an anti-knock fortification value determining means for determining the target anti-knock fortification value of the building from an anti-knock fortification value curve of the building according to an acceptable frequency of occurrence of an explosion accident for the building.
In some alternative cases, the explosion accident occurrence frequency determining apparatus may include: a leak frequency determination module for determining a leak frequency of the explosion source; an ignition probability determination module for determining an ignition probability of the explosion source; the weather condition probability determining module is used for determining weather condition probability of the area where the explosion source is located; the explosion probability determining module is used for determining the explosion probability of the explosion source; and an explosion accident occurrence frequency calculation module, configured to take a product of the leakage frequency, the ignition probability, the weather condition probability, and the explosion probability as an explosion accident occurrence frequency of the explosion source.
The leak frequency determination module may determine the leak frequency of the explosion source, for example, according to equation (8) or (9).
The firing probability determination module may first obtain the temperature during the process of the detonation source, the self-ignition point of the detonation source, and then calculate the firing probability of the detonation source according to equation (10).
The explosion probability determination module may calculate the explosion probability of the explosion source according to equation (11).
The explosion overpressure determination means is for calculating an explosion overpressure of the explosion source according to the following steps: determining a volume of the explosion source; determining the explosion source energy of the explosion source according to the volume of the explosion source; determining an explosion source intensity of the explosion source; and determining the explosion overpressure at the preset distance from the explosion source according to the explosion source energy and the explosion source intensity.
When the building is upgraded and reformed, a target anti-explosion fortification value of the building is firstly obtained, an explosion shock wave corresponding to the target anti-explosion fortification value acts on the simulated building, and then the weak point of the building is determined according to the ductility ratio or the support corner of the simulated building after the simulated building is subjected to the explosion shock wave action, so that the building is upgraded and reformed in a targeted manner, the anti-explosion capability of the building is improved, and the safety risk is reduced.
The specific working principle and benefits of the upgrading and reforming system for a building provided by the embodiment of the application are the same as those of the upgrading and reforming method for a building provided by the embodiment of the application, and will not be described again here.
Accordingly, embodiments of the present application also provide a machine-readable storage medium having stored thereon instructions for causing a machine to perform the upgrade transformation method for a building according to any of the embodiments of the present application.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
In one typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.
The memory may include volatile memory in a computer-readable medium, random Access Memory (RAM) and/or nonvolatile memory, etc., such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.
Computer readable media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of storage media for a computer include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static Random Access Memory (SRAM), dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), read Only Memory (ROM), electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium, which can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. Computer-readable media, as defined herein, does not include transitory computer-readable media (transmission media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that comprises an element.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and variations of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the application are to be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (9)

1. An antiknock upgrade transformation method for a building, the method comprising:
acquiring a target antiknock fortification value of the building;
detecting the strength of the building, wherein the strength comprises the compressive strength of the concrete structure and mortar, the tensile strength of the steel bars and the shear strength of brick walls;
applying an explosion shock wave corresponding to the target anti-explosion fortification value to a simulated building of the building;
calculating a ductility ratio or a standoff angle of a structural member of the simulated building after experiencing the blast shock wave action from the strength of the building; and
determining the structure as a weak point of the building under the condition that the ductility ratio of the structure is larger than a ductility ratio threshold value or the support rotation angle is larger than a support rotation angle threshold value, so as to perform antiknock upgrading reconstruction on the weak point;
Wherein, obtaining the target antiknock fortification value of the building comprises:
determining an explosion source within a preset distance of the building;
determining the frequency of explosion accidents of the explosion source;
performing explosion simulation on the explosion sources aiming at different explosion accident occurrence frequencies to determine different explosion overpressure of the explosion sources;
performing curve simulation on different explosion accident occurrence frequencies and corresponding different explosion overpressure to obtain an anti-explosion fortification value curve of the building; and
determining the target anti-knock fortification value for the building from an anti-knock fortification value curve for the building based on an acceptable frequency of occurrence of an explosion incident for the building,
wherein said determining the frequency of occurrence of an explosion event for said source of explosion comprises:
determining a leak frequency of the explosive source;
determining the ignition probability of the explosion source;
determining the weather condition probability of the area where the explosion source is located;
determining an explosion probability of the explosion source; and
taking the product of the leak frequency, the ignition probability, the weather condition probability, and the explosion probability as an explosion accident occurrence frequency of the explosion source, the determining the leak frequency of the explosion source including calculating the leak frequency of the explosion source according to the following formula:
F(d)＝(a+cV n )d m /b
F(d 1 -d 2 )＝F(d 1 )-F(d 2 )
Wherein F (d) represents the frequency of the explosion source not less than d aperture leakage in times/year; f (d) 1 -d 2 ) Indicating that the range of the aperture of the explosion source is d 1 To d 2 The frequency of aperture leakage in times/year; v is the volume of the explosion source, and the unit is mm 3 ；d，d 1 ，d 2 The diameter d1 is less than or equal to d2, and the unit is mm; a, b, c, n, m represent constants associated with the explosive source and the leaky scene, respectively.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating a ductility ratio or stand-off angle of the structural member of the simulated building after experiencing the blast shock wave action from the strength of the building comprises:
the ductility ratio of the structural member is calculated according to the following formula:
calculating the support angle of the structural member according to the following formula:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
X m ＝R/k
k＝I/L 0 3
wherein μ is the ductility ratio, X m Representing the elastoplastic deformation of the structural member after the action of the blast shock wave, X y Represents the elastic limit deformation of the structural member, θ represents the support rotation angle, L 0 Representing the span of the structural member, R representing the reflected pressure generated by the blast shock wave, k representing the stiffness of the structural member, I representing the cross-sectional moment of inertia of the structural member, b representing the cross-sectional width of the structural member, d representing the cross-sectional effective height of the structural member, A s The reinforcement area of the structural member E S Representing the tensile strength of the steel bar, E cd Representing the compressive strength of the concrete structure and mortar or the shear strength of the brick wall.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining the firing probability of the explosion source comprises:
acquiring the temperature in the process of the explosion source and the self-ignition point of the explosion source;
the firing probability of the explosion source is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein, pai is the ignition probability, T is the temperature in the process of the explosion source, and AIT is the self-ignition point of the explosion source.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining the explosion probability of the explosion source comprises calculating the explosion probability according to the following formula:
POEGD＝0.3×M CHEM ×M MAGE ×M IN/OUT ×FEP
wherein POEDD is the explosion probability, M CHEM As a chemical active factor, M MAGE To release the size factor, M IN/OUT FEP is the failure probability of a preventive measure for indoor and outdoor factors.
5. An antiknock upgrade retrofit system for a building, the system comprising:
the acquisition device is used for acquiring the target antiknock fortification value of the building;
the detection device is used for detecting the strength of the building, wherein the strength comprises the compressive strength of a concrete structure and mortar, the tensile strength of a reinforcing steel bar and the shear strength of a brick wall;
A shock wave action device for applying an explosion shock wave corresponding to the target anti-explosion fortification value to a simulated building of the building;
calculating means for calculating a ductility ratio or a standoff angle of a structural member of the simulated building after experiencing the blast shock wave action based on the strength of the building; and
determining means for determining the structure as a weak point of the building in the event that the ductility ratio of the structure is greater than a ductility ratio threshold or the support rotation angle is greater than a support rotation angle threshold, thereby performing an antiknock upgrade retrofit for the weak point;
wherein the acquisition device comprises:
an explosion source determining device for determining an explosion source within a preset distance of the building;
an explosion accident occurrence frequency determining device for determining the explosion accident occurrence frequency of the explosion source;
explosion overpressure determining means for performing explosion simulation on the explosion source for different explosion accident occurrence frequencies to determine different explosion overpressure of the explosion source;
the curve simulation device is used for performing curve simulation on different explosion accident occurrence frequencies and corresponding different explosion overpressure so as to obtain an anti-explosion fortification value curve of the building; and
An anti-knock fortification value determining means for determining the target anti-knock fortification value of the building from an anti-knock fortification value curve of the building according to an acceptable frequency of occurrence of an explosion accident for the building,
wherein the explosion accident occurrence frequency determining device comprises:
a leak frequency determination module for determining a leak frequency of the explosion source;
an ignition probability determination module for determining an ignition probability of the explosion source;
the weather condition probability determining module is used for determining weather condition probability of the area where the explosion source is located;
the explosion probability determining module is used for determining the explosion probability of the explosion source; and
an explosion accident occurrence frequency calculation module for taking the product of the leakage frequency, the ignition probability, the weather condition probability and the explosion probability as the explosion accident occurrence frequency of the explosion source,
the leakage frequency determination module is used for determining the leakage frequency of the explosion source according to the following formula:
F(d)＝(a+cV n )d m /b
F(d 1 -d 2 )＝F(d 1 )-F(d 2 )
wherein F (d) represents the frequency of the explosion source not less than d aperture leakage in times/year; f (d) 1 -d 2 ) Representing the frequency of the occurrence of aperture leakage of the explosion source in the range of d1 to d2 in units of times/year; v is the volume of the explosion source, and the unit is mm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the d, d1, d2 are leakage hole diameters, d1 is less than or equal to d2, and the unit is mm; a, b, c, n, m represent constants associated with the explosive source and the leaky scene, respectively.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the computing device calculating a ductility ratio or stand-off angle of the simulated building after experiencing the blast shock wave action comprises:
the ductility ratio of the structural member is calculated according to the following formula:
calculating the support angle of the structural member according to the following formula:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
X m ＝R/k
k＝I/L 0 3
wherein μ is the ductility ratio, X m Representing the elastoplastic deformation of the structural member after the action of the blast shock wave, X y Represents the elastic limit deformation of the structural member, θ represents the support rotation angle, L 0 Representing the span of the structural member, R representing the reflected pressure generated by the blast shock wave, k representing the stiffness of the structural member, I representing the cross-sectional moment of inertia of the structural member, b representing the cross-sectional width of the structural member, d representing the cross-sectional effective height of the structural member, A s The reinforcement area of the structural member E S Representing the tensile strength of the steel bar, E cd Representing the compressive strength of the concrete structure and mortar or the shear strength of the brick wall.
7. The system of claim 5, wherein the firing probability determination module is configured to determine the firing probability of the explosion source based on:
acquiring the temperature in the process of the explosion source and the self-ignition point of the explosion source;
the firing probability of the explosion source is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein, pai is the ignition probability, T is the temperature in the process of the explosion source, and AIT is the self-ignition point of the explosion source.
8. The system of claim 5, wherein the explosion probability determination module calculates the explosion probability according to the following formula:
POEGD＝0.3×M CHEM ×M MAGE ×M IN/OUT ×FEP
wherein POEDD is the explosion probability, M CHEM As a chemical active factor, M MAGE To release the size factor, M IN/OUT Is indoor and outdoorThe factor, FEP, is the failure probability of the preventive measure.
9. A machine-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon for causing a machine to perform the upgrade transformation method for a building according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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