CN114969952B - Building collapse risk assessment method and device, computer equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Building collapse risk assessment method and device, computer equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides a building collapse risk assessment method, which comprises the following steps: acquiring the current settlement of the target building, inputting the current settlement into a mechanical analysis model, and determining whether each component of the target building fails according to the mechanical analysis model; acquiring a first failure number and a first failure volume of each component, determining a first failure number percentage of each component according to the first failure number, and determining a first failure volume percentage of each component according to the first failure volume; determining a current risk index value of the target building according to the first failure quantity percentage and the first failure volume percentage; and determining that the target building has the collapse risk under the condition that the current risk index value is greater than or equal to the critical index value. The method for evaluating the risk of collapse of the building can quickly evaluate the risk of collapse of the building.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of computer technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for evaluating a risk of building collapse, a computer device, and a storage medium.
Background
In recent years, urban land is increasingly developed and utilized (such as subways, underground tunnels, underground commercial streets and the like), and the development and utilization of the land may cause ground surface subsidence, stretching, compression and inclined deformation, cause the settlement of nearby buildings, cause the foundation deformation of the buildings, the redistribution of foundation reaction force and the damage of the original balance force system, and have the risk of collapse of the buildings.
In order to prevent accidents such as personnel injury and property loss caused by collapse of a building, the building with the risk of collapse needs to be evaluated, so that emergency treatment decisions and related arrangement can be made in time.
However, there is currently no method for rapidly assessing the risk of collapse of a building.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a building collapse risk assessment method, a building collapse risk assessment device, computer equipment and a storage medium, and is used for solving the technical problem that the collapse risk of a building cannot be rapidly assessed at present.
One aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a method for evaluating a collapse risk of a building, including: acquiring the current settlement of a target building, inputting the current settlement into a mechanical analysis model, and determining whether each component of the target building fails according to the mechanical analysis model, wherein the target building comprises a plurality of components with a certain number, and the mechanical analysis model is used for analyzing whether the component fails; acquiring a first failure number and a first failure volume of each component, determining a first failure number percentage of each component according to the first failure number, and determining a first failure volume percentage of each component according to the first failure volume; determining a current risk index value of the target building according to the first failure quantity percentage and the first failure volume percentage; and determining that the target building has the collapse risk under the condition that the current risk index value is greater than or equal to the critical index value.
Optionally, the components include column components, main beam components and secondary beam components, and determining the current risk indicator value of the target building according to the first failure number percentage and the first failure volume percentage includes: determining the current risk index value of the target building according to a risk index calculation formula, the first failure quantity percentage and the first failure volume percentage, wherein the risk index calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula for calculating the risk indicator,
to be the value of the risk indicator,
and
the percentage of failure numbers of the column member, the main beam member and the auxiliary beam member,
and
the failure volume percentages of the column member, the primary beam member, and the secondary beam member, respectively.
Optionally, the method further comprises: inputting different settlement amounts of the target building into a mechanical analysis model, and determining a critical settlement amount, a second failure amount and a second failure volume of each component when the target building is in critical collapse according to the mechanical analysis model; determining a second failure number percentage for each component based on the second failure number and a second failure volume percentage for each component based on the second failure volume; and calculating to obtain a critical index value according to a risk index calculation formula, the second failure quantity percentage and the second failure volume percentage.
Optionally, the target building comprises historical measurement data, the historical measurement data comprising settlement amounts at a number of different times, the method further comprising: determining a first settlement time curve of the target building according to historical measurement data; and determining the critical collapse time of the target building according to the first settling time curve and the critical settling amount.
Optionally, the method further comprises: acquiring initial settlement and construction time of a target building during construction; determining a second settlement time curve of the target building according to the initial settlement amount, the construction time, the current settlement amount and the current time; and determining the critical collapse time of the target building according to the second settlement time curve and the critical settlement amount.
Optionally, obtaining a current settlement amount of the target building, inputting the current settlement amount into the mechanical analysis model, and determining whether each component of the target building fails according to the mechanical analysis model, including: constructing a geometric model of the target building; constructing a mechanical analysis model according to the geometric model, wherein in the mechanical analysis model, a target building is divided into N grid units, and N is a positive integer; inputting the current settlement amount into a mechanical analysis model, and determining whether each grid unit fails or not by using the mechanical analysis model; in the case of a failure of a grid cell, it is determined that the corresponding component of the grid cell has failed.
Optionally, obtaining a first failure volume for each component comprises: obtaining the volume of the failed grid cell; and counting the volume sum of the failed grid unit in each component according to the component corresponding to the failed grid unit, and taking the volume sum as the first failure volume of each component.
An aspect of an embodiment of the present application further provides a building collapse risk assessment apparatus, including: the analysis module is used for acquiring the current settlement of the target building, inputting the current settlement into the mechanical analysis model, and determining whether each component of the target building fails according to the mechanical analysis model, wherein the target building comprises a plurality of components with a certain quantity, and the mechanical analysis model is used for analyzing whether the component fails; the acquisition module is used for acquiring a first failure number and a first failure volume of each component, determining a first failure number percentage of each component according to the first failure number, and determining a first failure volume percentage of each component according to the first failure volume; the determining module is used for determining the current risk index value of the target building according to the first failure quantity percentage and the first failure volume percentage; and the evaluation module is used for determining that the target building has the collapse risk under the condition that the current risk index value is greater than or equal to the critical index value.
An aspect of the embodiments of the present application further provides a computer device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, the computer device is configured to implement the steps of the above-mentioned building collapse risk assessment method.
An aspect of the embodiments of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, where the computer program is executable by at least one processor, so that the at least one processor executes the steps of the above-mentioned method for assessing risk of collapse of a building.
The method, the device, the computer equipment and the storage medium for evaluating the collapse risk of the building, provided by the embodiment of the application, have the following advantages:
inputting the current settlement amount into a mechanical analysis model by acquiring the current settlement amount of the target building, and determining whether each component of the target building fails according to the mechanical analysis model; acquiring the failure number and the failure volume of each component, and determining the failure number percentage and the failure volume percentage of each component; and determining the current risk index value of the target building according to the failure quantity percentage and the failure volume percentage of the members, and determining that the target building has the collapse risk under the condition that the current risk index value is greater than or equal to the critical index value. The failure proportion of the member can be determined according to the current settlement amount of the target building, the current risk index value is determined according to the failure proportion, and whether the collapse risk exists is determined through comparison of the current risk index value and the critical index value, so that the collapse risk of the building can be rapidly evaluated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 schematically shows a flow chart of a building collapse risk assessment method according to a first embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the incremental steps of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is another flow chart of the step of adding of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is another flow chart of the adding step of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of the substep of step S110 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of the substeps of step S120 of FIG. 1;
fig. 7 schematically shows a block diagram of a building collapse risk assessment apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 schematically shows a hardware architecture diagram of a computer device according to a third embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that the descriptions relating to "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present application are only for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present application.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the numerical references before the steps do not identify the sequence of executing the steps, but merely serve to facilitate the description of the present application and to distinguish each step, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.
It should be noted that an execution subject of the building collapse risk assessment method provided in the embodiment of the present application may be a client or a server, where the client may specifically be but not limited to various personal computers, notebook computers, smart phones, tablet computers, and portable wearable devices, and the server may specifically be implemented by an independent server or a server cluster composed of multiple servers.
The building collapse risk assessment scheme will be described in the following by several embodiments, and for ease of understanding, the following will exemplarily describe the implementation subject as a client.
Example one
Fig. 1 schematically shows a flowchart of a building collapse risk assessment method according to a first embodiment of the present application, including steps S110 to S140, which are specifically described as follows:
step S110, obtaining the current settlement of the target building, inputting the current settlement into a mechanical analysis model, and determining whether each component of the target building fails according to the mechanical analysis model, wherein the target building comprises a plurality of components with a certain quantity, and the mechanical analysis model is used for analyzing whether the component fails.
The current settlement amount of the target building can be manually measured and then input into the client, so that the client can obtain the current settlement amount of the target building. The members of the target building are, for example, column members, beam members, floor members, and the like, and in each member, concrete and reinforcing steel are mainly composed.
The mechanical analysis model can be pre-constructed in the client, after the current settlement of the target building is obtained, the client inputs the current settlement into the mechanical analysis model, namely, the mechanical analysis model can be used for carrying out mechanical analysis on the target building, and whether each component of the target building fails or not is determined according to certain judgment conditions. The mechanical analysis model may comprise a series of formulas for mechanical analysis of the target structure, thereby enabling mechanical analysis of the target structure. In order to accurately perform mechanical analysis on the target building, the target building can be geometrically modeled by using software, and then a corresponding mechanical analysis model is constructed on the basis of the geometric model of the target building. After geometric modeling, the initial load of the target building can be input into the mechanical analysis model, so that the initial stress state of the target building is obtained; and then inputting the current settlement of the target building, and performing mechanical analysis on the target building under the condition of the current settlement by using a mechanical analysis model, analyzing the stress condition and the strain state of the concrete and the steel bar of each member in the target building, and further determining whether the corresponding member fails or not by calculating the failure indexes of the concrete and the steel bar. The specific construction of the mechanical analysis model can be carried out according to actual needs, and is not particularly limited here, and only whether a member of a target building fails or not can be analyzed.
Step S120, acquiring a first failure number and a first failure volume of each component, determining a first failure number percentage of each component according to the first failure number, and determining a first failure volume percentage of each component according to the first failure volume.
Because the mechanical analysis model can analyze whether the component fails, when the mechanical analysis model determines that a certain component fails, the mechanical analysis model can directly add 1 to the failure number of the corresponding component, and finally the first failure number of each component can be obtained. And the first failure volume of each component may be obtained by: the mechanical analysis model divides the target building into a plurality of grid units, analyzes each grid unit respectively, determines whether each grid unit fails or not, and finally determines a first failure volume of each component according to the volume of the failed grid unit. Of course, the first failure volume of each component may also be obtained by other means, and is not particularly limited herein.
After obtaining the first failure number for each component, dividing the first failure amount for each component by the total number of each component to obtain a first failure number percentage for each component; after the first failure volume of each component is obtained, the first failure volume percent of each component is obtained by dividing the first failure volume of each component by the total volume of each component.
And step S130, determining the current risk index value of the target building according to the first failure quantity percentage and the first failure volume percentage.
The floor slab is the main bearing member, but does not play a main role in collapse and has little influence on the collapse of the building, so the influence of the floor slab member can be ignored when evaluating the collapse risk of the target building. In an exemplary embodiment, the members of the target building include a column member, a main beam member, and a sub beam member, and the step S130 may include:
determining the current risk index value of the target building according to a risk index calculation formula, the first failure quantity percentage and the first failure volume percentage, wherein the risk index calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula for calculating the risk indicator,
is a numerical value of the risk indicator,
and
the percentage of failure numbers for the column member, the primary beam member, and the secondary beam member,
and
the failure volume percentages of the column member, the primary beam member, and the secondary beam member, respectively.
Namely: and substituting the first failure quantity percentage and the first failure volume percentage of the column member, the main beam member and the auxiliary beam member of the target building into a risk index calculation formula, and calculating to obtain the current risk index value of the target building. Wherein, the main beam component refers to a beam component along the depth direction of the target building; and the sub beam member means a beam member in the width direction of the target building.
The derivation process of the above risk indicator calculation formula is given below:
if the failure number percentage of the component is recorded
(wherein
Representing column member, primary beam member, secondary beam member, respectively), the percent by volume failure of the members is recorded
(wherein
Respectively, a column member, a main beam member, and a sub beam member), in which case
Considered as separate vector components in two vector spaces, the base vector is denoted as
And constructing a vector:
here, the
The sign is einstein summed.
It can be seen that the vector
Component (c) of
Can be expressed as the percentage of failure of the member as a function of the building structure as a whole, i.e. can be considered
The weight coefficients of the percentage of the number of failures and the percentage of the volume of failures are respectively expressed. Further, assuming that failure of one component is caused only by external loads and has no direct relationship with other components, it can be considered that
Is an orthogonal basis.
In vector space, vectors
Form a parallelogram, and represent the vector of the whole damage degree of the building structure under the influence of 3 components
Should fall inside the quadrilateral, at the critical point of collapse, there should be:
vector considering complexity dynamics of building structure and environmental load and difficulty of practical engineering application
It is difficult to directly obtain. Considering the safety margin, the area of the parallelogram can be introduced to represent the structural collapse risk index and be recorded as
Then, there are:
according to the formula (4) and the formula (5), a risk indicator calculation formula can be obtained, namely:
it should be noted that the risk of collapse of a building can theoretically be assessed in terms of the number percent failure or volume percent failure of the member, but with less accuracy. For example, if one column of the target building fails, it may be concluded that the risk is high if calculated solely by the volume percent failure, but in practice failure of one column is likely not to cause collapse of the building, and thus may be disturbed by large area failure of a single component if the risk of collapse is calculated solely by the volume percent failure; for another example, the number of failures of the members of the target building is small, but the failure volume of the members is large, and if the failure number is used for calculation, the conclusion that the risk is low can be obtained, but actually, after the members with the small number fail in a large area, the risk of collapse of the building can be high. Therefore, the collapse risk of the building is evaluated according to the failure number percentage or the failure volume percentage of the members, the accuracy of the obtained evaluation result is low, in the risk index calculation formula, the failure number percentage and the failure volume percentage of the members are fused, the collapse risk of the target building can be comprehensively evaluated from two dimensions of the failure number percentage and the failure volume percentage, and therefore the accuracy of the evaluation result is high; on the other hand, because the failure quantity and the failure volume of the member are actually obtained through simulation modeling, and the simulation modeling does not necessarily conform to the actual situation, the collapse risk of the target building is evaluated by integrating the failure quantity percentage and the failure volume percentage of the member, and a more accurate evaluation result can be obtained.
And step S140, determining that the target building has the collapse risk under the condition that the current risk index value is greater than or equal to the critical index value.
The critical index value may be set according to actual conditions, for example, according to historical empirical data, and is not limited herein.
And the client compares the current risk index value with the critical index value, and if the current risk index value is greater than or equal to the critical index value, the target building is determined to be unsafe and collapse risks exist. Illustratively, if the current risk indicator value is less than the critical indicator value, the target building is determined to be safe without risk of collapse. Optionally, the collapse risk can be determined according to the ratio of the current risk index value to the critical index value, that is, the smaller the ratio, the smaller the risk; the larger the ratio, the greater the risk.
According to the building collapse risk assessment method, the current settlement of the target building is obtained and input into the mechanical analysis model, and whether each component of the target building fails or not is determined according to the mechanical analysis model; acquiring the failure number and the failure volume of each component, and determining the failure number percentage and the failure volume percentage of each component; and determining the current risk index value of the target building according to the failure quantity percentage and the failure volume percentage of the members, and determining that the target building has the collapse risk under the condition that the current risk index value is greater than or equal to the critical index value. The failure proportion of the member can be determined according to the current settlement amount of the target building, the current risk index value is determined according to the failure proportion, and whether the collapse risk exists is determined through comparison of the current risk index value and the critical index value, so that the collapse risk of the building can be rapidly evaluated.
In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the method for evaluating the risk of collapse of a building further includes steps S210 to S230, which are as follows:
and step S210, inputting different settlement amounts of the target building into a mechanical analysis model, and determining the critical settlement amount, the second failure amount and the second failure volume of each component when the target building is in critical collapse according to the mechanical analysis model.
Namely, the client applies different settlement amounts of the target building to the mechanical analysis model until critical collapse of the simulation model corresponding to the target building occurs. For example, the settlement amount is gradually increased from small to large until the simulation model of the target building collapses. And when the target building is in critical collapse, determining the currently input settlement as a critical settlement, and obtaining a second failure number and a second failure volume of each component according to the failure condition of each component.
Step S220, determining a second failure number percentage of each component according to the second failure number, and determining a second failure volume percentage of each component according to the second failure volume.
The client divides the second failure number of each component by the total number of each component to obtain a second failure number percentage of each component; the second failure volume percentage for each member may be obtained by dividing the second failure volume for each member by the total volume of each member.
And step S230, calculating to obtain a critical index value according to the risk index calculation formula, the second failure quantity percentage and the second failure volume percentage.
Namely, the client substitutes the second failure quantity percentage and the second failure volume percentage of each component into a risk index calculation formula, and the obtained risk index value is a critical index value.
Optionally, since the critical index value is obtained when the simulation model corresponding to the target building has critical collapse, some space may be reserved for safety, and a value obtained by subtracting a certain value from the calculated result is used as the critical index value, so that the risk of collapse of the target building can be determined in advance.
In this embodiment, different settlement amounts of the target building are input into the mechanical analysis model, the failure amount and the failure volume of each component during critical collapse of the target building are determined according to the mechanical analysis model, and then a critical index value is obtained by calculation according to the failure amount and the failure volume of each component.
In an exemplary embodiment, the target building includes historical measurement data, and the historical measurement data includes settlement amounts at a plurality of different times, as shown in fig. 3, the building collapse risk assessment method may further include steps S310 to S320, which are as follows:
step S310, determining a first settlement time curve of the target building according to the historical measurement data.
The settling time curve is a curve of the time of the target building and the corresponding settling amount, and reflects the process that the settling amount of the target building is increased continuously along with the time.
When the first settlement time curve of the target building is determined according to the historical measurement data, the first settlement time curve can be obtained by curve fitting the historical measurement data, and a specific use manner is, for example, an exponential function, a polynomial equation, or the like, and is not limited specifically here.
Step S320, determining a critical collapse time of the target building according to the first settlement time curve and the critical settlement amount.
After the first settling time curve is obtained, since the first settling time curve is a relationship between time and a settling amount, the critical collapse time of the target building can be obtained by combining the critical settling amount and the first settling time curve on the basis of the critical settling amount obtained in the foregoing embodiment. For example, if the first settling time curve corresponds to a critical settling amount with a time t A Then t can be determined A Is the critical collapse time of the target building.
It is understood that when the risk of collapse of the target building is evaluated, only the current risk of collapse of the target building can be evaluated. If the evaluation result shows that the risk exists, corresponding emergency treatment can be directly carried out, such as evacuation of personnel of the target building, transfer of property and the like; if the result of the evaluation is that no risk exists temporarily, emergency treatment cannot be immediately carried out; because the target building has subsided, the risk of collapse can also occur in the future, so the critical collapse time of the target building is determined through the first settlement curve, the measures to be taken can be effectively guided, and the loss of personnel, property and the like caused by the collapse of the target building can be better avoided. For example, the target building may be re-evaluated in advance of the critical collapse time to determine the risk of collapse of the target building; alternatively, the transfer of persons and property of the target building is planned before the critical collapse time.
In this embodiment, the first settlement time curve of the target building is determined according to the historical measurement data, the critical collapse time of the target building is determined according to the first settlement time curve and the critical settlement amount, and reasonable measures can be taken according to the critical collapse time, so that losses of personnel, property and the like caused by collapse of the target building are better avoided.
In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the method for evaluating the risk of collapse of a building may further include steps S410 to S430, which are specifically as follows:
and step S410, acquiring initial settlement and construction time when the target building is constructed.
The initial settlement of the target building as it is being built can be measured. Alternatively, since the target building has not generally settled upon construction, the initial settling amount of the target building as constructed may be considered to be zero.
And step S420, determining a second settlement time curve of the target building according to the initial settlement amount, the built-up time, the current settlement amount and the current time.
Two points on a coordinate space can be determined according to the initial settlement amount, the built-up time, the current settlement amount and the current time, so that a linear assumption can be made, and the settlement amount and the time are considered to be in a linear relation, so that a second settlement time curve of the target building is obtained.
Optionally, if there are settlement time curves of other buildings, a second settlement time curve of the target building may also be derived according to the settlement time curves of the other buildings. For example, if the function corresponding to the settling time curve of the other building is y = kx, the slope k of the second settling time curve can be obtained according to the current settling amount and the current time, so as to obtain the second settling time curve.
Alternatively, if there is settlement data measured at other times for the target building, a second settlement time curve can be obtained by the curve fitting manner described above.
And step S430, determining the critical collapse time of the target building according to the second settlement time curve and the critical settlement amount.
And after the second settling time curve is obtained, substituting the critical settling amount into the second settling time curve to obtain the corresponding time as the critical collapse time.
In the embodiment, the initial settlement amount and the construction time of the target building during construction are obtained, the second settlement time curve of the target building is determined according to the initial settlement amount, the construction time, the current settlement amount and the current time, and the critical collapse time of the target building is determined according to the second settlement time curve and the critical settlement amount.
In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, step S110 may specifically include steps S111 to S114, which are specifically as follows:
and step S111, constructing a geometric model of the target building.
Specifically, the frame structure, the number of layers, the number of columns in each layer, and the geometric parameters (such as length, width, height, diameter, etc.) of the columns, beams, floor slabs, etc. of the target building can be obtained first, and then the geometric model of the target building can be established by using simulation software according to the data.
Step S112, constructing a mechanical analysis model according to the geometric model, wherein the target building is divided into N grid units in the mechanical analysis model, and N is a positive integer.
After the geometric model of the target building is constructed, the initial load of the target building can be determined according to data such as the material attribute of the target building, and the initial stress state in the target building is obtained. In the case of old buildings, since there is deterioration of the components of the building, a certain degree of initial damage can be set according to actual conditions.
The construction process of the mechanical analysis model can be as follows:
carrying out mechanical modeling aiming at a building structure in a general form, establishing a control equation, and considering a geometric equation of large strain:
for convenience of operation, the following form may be used:
the equilibrium differential equation for the structure as a whole can be expressed as:
wherein
In order to be a volumetric force component,
is the density of the liquid to be treated,
representing the second derivative of displacement with respect to time, i.e. acceleration.
The boundary conditions of the non-settling zone are as follows:
the boundary conditions of the settling zone are as follows:
because the partial differential equation set is difficult to directly solve the analytic solution, the partial differential equation set can be converted into a numerical integration form by a numerical calculation method and then solved.
1. Numerical value dispersion:
and performing numerical calculation analysis on the established mechanical control equation system, wherein the first step is numerical value dispersion, and the step comprises grid division, unit format selection and the like. Considering that buildings are usually framed by beams, columns and floor members, wherein the beams and columns are the main load-bearing members of the frame structure and are subjected to axial and bending loads, the frame structure is a steel bar-concrete combined structure. The reinforced concrete structure is mainly born by concrete when stressed, is mainly born by reinforcing steel bars when being pulled, is stressed by inner side concrete when being bent, and the reinforcing steel bars on the outer side are pulled, so that the concrete part of the beam and the column member can be discretized by solid units, and the internal reinforcing steel bars can be discretized by beam units.
The beam and column members can be dispersed by a solid unit, and the coordinates of any point in the solid unit can be expressed as:
wherein the shape function
Comprises the following steps:
under the action of bottom settlement, the floor slab member is not a main bearing member and is mainly subjected to in-plane stretching and out-of-plane shearing. In the aspect of geometrical characteristics, the size of the length direction and the width direction is far larger than the size of the thickness direction. Thus, the shell units may be used to discretize the floor elements.
According to the Mindlin shell theory, the velocity at any point of the shell element can be expressed as:
wherein
Is the thickness of the mid-plane of the shell,
is the angular velocity of the beam of light,
is the normal distance from any point in the cell to the cell mid-plane.
The velocity strain is calculated by:
the resultant force and resultant moment applied to the unit can be expressed as an integral in the thickness direction:
2. calculating the coupling effect of the steel bar and the concrete;
the coupling effect of the steel bar and the concrete is an important factor influencing the mechanical property of the beam and column member, and a separate modeling method can be used for finely analyzing the steel bar-concrete combined structure. The separated modeling method is to use the beam unit and the solid unit to establish a steel bar and concrete model respectively and then describe the acting force between the beam unit and the solid unit through a coupling algorithm. The traditional coupling algorithm generally uses a common node method, namely a solid unit and a beam unit share a common node, and the method has the problems of difficult grid division, low unit quality and the like in practical analysis. The reinforcing steel bar-concrete coupling algorithm based on the penalty function method is adopted, so that the reinforcing steel bar can be 'submerged' in the concrete according to the actual reinforcing steel bar distribution mode, and the sharing problem among nodes does not need to be considered.
For a scope with a coupling behavior, the discretized system has the following form:
wherein
Is a constant of a large order of magnitude. To the above formula, get the variation
Then, there are:
wherein
Is a matrix of the stiffness of the beam,
which represents the displacement of the node point(s),
in order to be an external load,
is the actual displacement.
It can be seen that the essence of the penalty function is to load a large force at the coupling node so that the node produces a displacement that approximates the actual displacement.
3. Constructing a constitutive model of concrete;
most building structures currently use concrete as the primary load bearing material. Concrete is a composite multiphase material and has a very complex internal structure. Macroscopically, concrete can be considered a multiphase material with aggregate dispersed in the cement paste matrix, and when the structural size is greater than 4 times the aggregate size, it can be considered a homogeneous isotropic material. The stress-strain relationship between cement binder and aggregate is basically linear, but concrete shows obvious nonlinear behavior. This indicates that the interface between the aggregate and the cement paste has a significant effect on the mechanical properties of the concrete. The interface is usually associated with an internal fracture, and its development stage can be roughly divided into four stages:
(1) An initial microcrack stage: before bearing, because of the reasons that cement paste is hardened and dried, water is evaporated to leave cracks and the like, initial micro cracks are formed in the concrete, the micro cracks are intensively distributed on the interface of aggregate and cement paste, and a small part of the micro cracks appear in the mortar;
(2) The crack initiation stage of the crack: at lower load levels, such as uniaxial loads not exceeding 30% -40% of the ultimate compressive stress, "tensile stress" concentrations can occur at certain locations of the component due to the poisson's ratio effect, where a portion of the initial microcracks begin to propagate and propagate, and when these microcracks propagate to some extent (usually less), the stress concentrations are relieved and the component re-enters the equilibrium state. The stress-strain relationship at this stage is substantially close to the elastic relationship, or may be referred to as a quasi-elastic relationship;
(3) And (3) stabilizing the crack propagation stage: if the load level continues to rise but does not exceed the critical stress (the stress level is within 70% -90% of the compressive strength for example under uniaxial compression), the existing cracks are further expanded, some short cracks are connected with each other to form long cracks and new cracks are possibly generated when some short cracks penetrate into the mortar, and the stress-strain relationship at this stage is obviously nonlinear;
(4) Propagation stage of unstable fracture: when the load exceeds the critical pressure, the cracks are gradually connected and communicated, the cracks in the mortar are increased rapidly, and the cracks can also automatically expand even if the load level is unchanged.
From engineering application, the macroscopic expression of the internal cracks of the concrete is the rigidity degradation and the fracture of the member, and a proper stress-strain parameter can be selected to characterize the characteristic, so that the purposes of theoretical analysis and numerical calculation are achieved.
Considering the mechanical characteristics of unequal tensile strength of concrete, the cap-shaped material model is a more common constitutive form, a smooth continuous cap-shaped (CSCM) model can be selected to simulate the damage and the damage of the concrete, and the model can establish the constitutive damage and the damage relation of the concrete through the invariant of stress:
the plastic yield surface can be expressed as:
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
is a plane of shear failure and is,
is a hardened and compacted surface of a material,
is a first amount of invariance to stress,
is the second bias stress invariant and is,
is the third bias stress invariant.
The shear failure plane may be represented by a first stress invariant:
in the formula
The parameters to be fitted are typically obtained from triaxial compression tests.
Considering the low tensile and torsional capacities of concrete, the Rubin scaling function is used
To obtain the tensile strength of the material
And torsional strength
：
The hardening compaction (cap) surface represents the compaction stage of the internal pores of the concrete under load, and can be expressed as:
the intersection line of the shear failure plane and the cap plane is
Wherein
Is the intersection of the initial state. cap face and
the axis intersects at
；
Wherein
The ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the cap plane ellipse is shown.
Movement of the cap surface represents a change in plastic volume, with an increase in the cap surface representing plastic volume compression and a decrease in the cap surface representing an increase in plastic volume, i.e., expansion.
The movement of the cap plane can be expressed by the hardening criterion:
in the formula
Which represents the plastic volume strain of the material,
represents the maximum volume strain of the sample to be tested,
the initial cap face position.
Concrete failure can be determined by using normalization criterion
Represents:
When the concrete is damaged under pressure, it is considered to be a ductile fracture, and when the concrete is damaged under tension, it is considered to be a brittle fracture, and the degree of ductile damage can be represented by the following formula:
the toughness is damaged when
The accumulation is started at the time of the start,
is the initial ductile damage.
The degree of brittle fracture can be represented by the following formula:
brittle fracture of the skin
When the time comes to accumulate, the accumulation is started,
initial brittle failure.
The normalization criterion can be expressed by the above two equations:
through the formula, a concrete damage failure model which can consider multiaxial stress states and different tensile and compressive strengths can be established.
4. Solving by using a display dynamics algorithm;
and (4) considering the transient large deformation characteristic of the building collapse process, solving by adopting an explicit dynamic algorithm based on central difference. For the building structure with discrete values
At that moment, there are:
wherein
The matrix is a diagonal matrix of the mass,
is the vector of the external load and the physical strength,
is a vector of the stress divergence and is,
is the hourglass resistance vector.
If want to solve
The system state of the moment can be
Acceleration of time of day
Expressed as:
then
Velocity of time of day
Comprises the following steps:
further, the air conditioner is provided with a fan,
displacement of time of day
Can be expressed as:
it is to be noted that,
caused by dynamic response of the system
Change of coordinates of time of day
Can be expressed as:
it should be noted that the above is given as a general process of building a mechanical analysis model, and may actually include other processes, which may be specifically set according to actual needs, and is not limited herein. For example, when numerical value dispersion is performed, in order to ensure calculation efficiency and convergence when collapse and large deformation occur, a single-point integral unit algorithm can be selected from an entity unit and a shell unit, namely, a gaussian integral point is taken to estimate the physical quantity of the whole unit; in order to overcome a zero energy mode in a single-point integral unit algorithm, hourglass control can be adopted; for another example, the building collapse process is a transient process, and involves the dynamic response of the structure, the deformation of the member is accompanied by the propagation of stress waves in the material, and in order to ensure the stability of the calculation of the building collapse process and deal with the potential shock wave discontinuity, artificial bulk viscosity can be introduced into the momentum and energy equation. In addition, when the target building is divided into N grid cells, the division may be performed by using a finite element method.
And step S113, inputting the current settlement amount into a mechanical analysis model, and determining whether each grid unit fails or not by using the mechanical analysis model.
Due to the randomness of soil texture and engineering construction, the probability of uneven settlement is high. When the current settlement amount is input into the mechanical analysis model, the column bottom settlement value of the foundation bearing platform of the settlement area of the target building can be measured as the current settlement amount and then used as the forced displacement input of the column bottom support.
When the mechanical analysis model is used for determining whether each grid unit fails, the stress condition and the strain state of each grid unit are calculated mainly through formulas included in the mechanical analysis model, and whether each grid unit fails is determined through a failure criterion of a corresponding material.
And step S114, determining that the component corresponding to the grid cell fails under the condition that the grid cell fails.
For example, if an a-grid cell fails and the a-grid cell corresponds to a girder, it is determined that the girder in which the a-grid cell is located has failed.
In the embodiment, a geometric model of a target building is constructed, a mechanical analysis model is constructed according to the geometric model, the target building is divided into N grid units, the current settlement is input into the mechanical analysis model, the mechanical analysis model is used for determining whether each grid unit fails, a component corresponding to each grid unit fails under the condition that each grid unit fails, the target building is divided into the grid units to be analyzed, and whether the corresponding component fails is determined on the basis of the analysis of the grid units, so that whether the component fails is effectively analyzed.
In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the step S120 of obtaining the first failure volume of each component may include steps S121 to S122, specifically as follows:
step S121, the volume of the failed grid cell is obtained.
When one grid unit is determined to be failed, the volume of the grid unit can be determined according to the geometric parameters of the grid unit, so that the volume of the failed grid unit is obtained.
Step S122, counting the volume sum of the failed grid unit in each component according to the component corresponding to the failed grid unit, and taking the volume sum as the first failure volume of each component.
For example, if the component corresponding to the failed grid cell a is a column component, the volume of the failed grid cell a is used as the failed volume of the column component, when all the failed grid cells are counted, all the failed volumes of the column component can be obtained, the first failed volumes of the column component can be obtained by summing, and the first failed volumes of other components can be obtained by analogy.
In the embodiment, the volume of the failed grid unit is obtained, the sum of the volumes of the failed grid units in each member is counted according to the member corresponding to the failed grid unit, the sum of the volumes is used as the first failed volume of each member, the first failed volume of each member can be effectively obtained, and the collapse risk assessment of the target building is further conveniently carried out.
Example two
Fig. 7 schematically shows a block diagram of a building collapse risk assessment apparatus 500 according to the second embodiment of the present application, where the building collapse risk assessment apparatus 500 may be divided into one or more program modules, and the one or more program modules are stored in a storage medium and executed by one or more processors to implement the second embodiment of the present application. The program modules referred to in the embodiments of the present application refer to a series of computer program instruction segments that can perform specific functions, and the following description will specifically describe the functions of each program module in the embodiments.
As shown in fig. 7, the building collapse risk assessment apparatus 500 may include an analysis module 510, an acquisition module 520, a determination module 530, and an assessment module 540.
An analysis module 510, configured to obtain a current settlement amount of a target building, input the current settlement amount into a mechanical analysis model, and determine whether each component of the target building fails according to the mechanical analysis model, where the target building includes a plurality of components of a certain number, and the mechanical analysis model is used to analyze whether the component fails;
an obtaining module 520, configured to obtain a first failure number and a first failure volume of each component, determine a first failure number percentage of each component according to the first failure number, and determine a first failure volume percentage of each component according to the first failure volume;
a determining module 530, configured to determine a current risk indicator value of the target building according to the first failure number percentage and the first failure volume percentage;
and the evaluation module 540 is used for determining that the target building has the collapse risk under the condition that the current risk index value is greater than or equal to the critical index value.
In the exemplary embodiment, the members include column members, primary beam members, and secondary beam members, and determination module 530 is further configured to: determining the current risk index value of the target building according to a risk index calculation formula, the first failure quantity percentage and the first failure volume percentage, wherein the risk index calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula for calculating the risk indicator,
to be the value of the risk indicator,
and
the percentage of failure numbers of the column member, the main beam member and the auxiliary beam member,
and
the failure volume percentages of the column member, the primary beam member, and the secondary beam member, respectively.
In an exemplary embodiment, the building collapse risk assessment apparatus 500 further comprises a calculation module (not shown in the figures), wherein the calculation module is configured to: inputting different settlement amounts of the target building into a mechanical analysis model, and determining a critical settlement amount, a second failure amount and a second failure volume of each component when the target building is in critical collapse according to the mechanical analysis model; determining a second failure number percentage for each component based on the second failure number and a second failure volume percentage for each component based on the second failure volume; and calculating to obtain a critical index value according to a risk index calculation formula, the second failure quantity percentage and the second failure volume percentage.
In an exemplary embodiment, the target building includes historical measurement data including settlement amounts at several different times, and the building collapse risk assessment apparatus 500 further includes a first time determination module (not shown), wherein the first time determination module is configured to: determining a first settlement time curve of the target building according to historical measurement data; and determining the critical collapse time of the target building according to the first settlement time curve and the critical settlement amount.
In an exemplary embodiment, the building collapse risk assessment apparatus 500 further comprises a second time determination module (not shown in the figures), wherein the second time determination module is configured to: acquiring initial settlement and construction time when a target building is constructed; determining a second settlement time curve of the target building according to the initial settlement amount, the construction time, the current settlement amount and the current time; and determining the critical collapse time of the target building according to the second settlement time curve and the critical settlement amount.
In an exemplary embodiment, the analysis module 510 is further configured to: constructing a geometric model of the target building; constructing a mechanical analysis model according to the geometric model, wherein in the mechanical analysis model, a target building is divided into N grid units, and N is a positive integer; inputting the current settlement amount into a mechanical analysis model, and determining whether each grid unit fails or not by using the mechanical analysis model; in the case of a failure of a grid cell, it is determined that the corresponding component of the grid cell has failed.
In an exemplary embodiment, the obtaining module 520 is further configured to: obtaining the volume of the failed grid cell; and counting the volume sum of the failed grid unit in each component according to the component corresponding to the failed grid unit, and taking the volume sum as the first failure volume of each component.
EXAMPLE III
Fig. 8 schematically shows a hardware architecture diagram of a computer device 600 suitable for the building collapse risk assessment method according to the third embodiment of the present application. The computer device 600 may be a device capable of automatically performing numerical calculations and/or data processing according to instructions set or stored in advance. For example, the server may be a rack server, a blade server, a tower server or a rack server (including an independent server or a server cluster composed of a plurality of servers), a gateway, and the like. As shown in fig. 8, the computer device 600 includes at least, but is not limited to: memory 610, processor 620, network interface 630 may be communicatively linked to each other by a system bus. Wherein:
the memory 610 includes at least one type of computer-readable storage medium including a flash memory, a hard disk, a multimedia card, a card-type memory (e.g., SD or DX memory, etc.), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), a magnetic memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc. In some embodiments, the memory 610 may be an internal storage module of the computer device 600, such as a hard disk or a memory of the computer device 600. In other embodiments, the memory 610 may also be an external storage device of the computer device 600, such as a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), etc. provided on the computer device 600. Of course, the memory 610 may also include both internal and external memory modules of the computer device 600. In this embodiment, the memory 610 is generally used for storing an operating system and various application software installed in the computer device 600, such as program codes of a building collapse risk assessment method. In addition, the memory 610 may also be used to temporarily store various types of data that have been output or are to be output.
The network interface 630 may include a wireless network interface or a wired network interface, and the network interface 630 is typically used to establish communication links between the computer device 600 and other computer devices. For example, the network interface 630 is used to connect the computer apparatus 600 to an external terminal via a network, establish a data transmission channel and a communication link between the computer apparatus 600 and the external terminal, and the like. The network may be a wireless or wired network such as an Intranet (Intranet), the Internet (Internet), a Global System of Mobile communication (GSM), wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), a 4G network, a 5G network, bluetooth (Bluetooth), or Wi-Fi.
It is noted that fig. 8 only shows a computer device with components 610-630, but it is understood that not all of the shown components are required to be implemented, and more or fewer components may be implemented instead.
In this embodiment, the method for evaluating the risk of collapse of the building stored in the memory 610 may be further divided into one or more program modules, and executed by one or more processors (in this embodiment, the processor 620) to complete the embodiments of the present application.
Example four
Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the building collapse risk assessment method in the embodiments.
In this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium includes a flash memory, a hard disk, a multimedia card, a card type memory (e.g., SD or DX memory, etc.), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), a Read Only Memory (ROM), an Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), a Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM), a magnetic memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, and the like. In some embodiments, the computer readable storage medium may be an internal storage unit of the computer device, such as a hard disk or a memory of the computer device. In other embodiments, the computer readable storage medium may be an external storage device of the computer device, such as a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), and the like provided on the computer device. Of course, the computer-readable storage medium may also include both internal and external storage devices of the computer device. In this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium is generally used for storing an operating system and various types of application software installed in a computer device, for example, the program code of the building collapse risk assessment method in the embodiment, and the like. Further, the computer-readable storage medium may also be used to temporarily store various types of data that have been output or are to be output.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the modules or steps of the embodiments of the present application described above may be implemented by a general purpose computing device, they may be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices, and alternatively, they may be implemented by program code executable by a computing device, such that they may be stored in a storage device and executed by a computing device, and in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in an order different from that described herein, or they may be separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple ones of them may be fabricated into a single integrated circuit module. Thus, embodiments of the present application are not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by the contents of the specification and the drawings of the present application, or which are directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A building collapse risk assessment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring the current settlement of a target building, inputting the current settlement into a mechanical analysis model, and determining whether each component of the target building fails according to the mechanical analysis model, wherein the target building comprises a plurality of components with a certain quantity, and the mechanical analysis model is used for analyzing whether the component fails;
obtaining a first failure number and a first failure volume for each of the components, determining a first failure number percentage for each of the components based on the first failure number, and determining a first failure volume percentage for each of the components based on the first failure volume;
determining a current risk indicator value of the target building according to the first failure quantity percentage and the first failure volume percentage;
determining that the target building is at risk of collapse if the current risk indicator value is greater than or equal to a critical indicator value;
the components include column components, main beam components and secondary beam components, and the determining the current risk indicator value of the target building according to the first failure number percentage and the first failure volume percentage comprises:
determining a current risk indicator value of the target building according to a risk indicator calculation formula, the first failure quantity percentage and the first failure volume percentage, wherein the risk indicator calculation formula is as follows:
in the risk indicator calculation formula, the
Is the value of the risk indicator, the
The above-mentioned
And said
The percentage of failure numbers of the column member, the primary beam member, and the secondary beam member, respectively, the
Said
And said
The failure volume percentages of the column member, the primary beam member, and the secondary beam member, respectively.
2. The method for evaluating risk of collapse of a building according to claim 1, further comprising:
inputting different settlement amounts of the target building into the mechanical analysis model, and determining a critical settlement amount, a second failure amount and a second failure volume of each component when the target building is critically collapsed according to the mechanical analysis model;
determining a second number of failures percentage for each of the components based on the second number of failures and a second volume of failures percentage for each of the components based on the second volume of failures;
and calculating to obtain the critical index value according to the risk index calculation formula, the second failure quantity percentage and the second failure volume percentage.
3. A method of assessing risk of collapse of a building as claimed in claim 2, wherein said target building includes historical measurement data including settlement amounts at several different times, the method further comprising:
determining a first settlement time curve of the target building according to the historical measurement data;
and determining the critical collapse time of the target building according to the first settlement time curve and the critical settlement amount.
4. The method for evaluating risk of collapse of a building according to claim 2, further comprising:
acquiring initial settlement and construction time of the target building during construction;
determining a second settlement time curve of the target building according to the initial settlement amount, the built-up time, the current settlement amount and the current time;
and determining the critical collapse time of the target building according to the second settlement time curve and the critical settlement amount.
5. The method for evaluating the risk of collapse of a building according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the step of obtaining the current settlement amount of the target building, inputting the current settlement amount into a mechanical analysis model, and determining whether each member of the target building fails according to the mechanical analysis model comprises the steps of:
constructing a geometric model of the target building;
constructing the mechanical analysis model according to the geometric model, wherein the target building is divided into N grid units, and N is a positive integer;
inputting the current settlement amount into the mechanical analysis model, and determining whether each grid unit fails or not by using the mechanical analysis model;
determining that a component corresponding to the grid cell fails in the case that the grid cell fails.
6. The method of assessing risk of building collapse according to claim 5, wherein said obtaining a first failure volume for each of said members comprises:
obtaining the volume of the failed grid cell;
and counting the volume sum of the failed grid unit in each component according to the component corresponding to the failed grid unit, and taking the volume sum as the first failure volume of each component.
7. A building collapse risk assessment device, comprising:
the analysis module is used for acquiring the current settlement of a target building, inputting the current settlement into a mechanical analysis model, and determining whether each component of the target building fails according to the mechanical analysis model, wherein the target building comprises a plurality of components with a certain quantity, and the mechanical analysis model is used for analyzing whether the component fails;
an obtaining module for obtaining a first failure number and a first failure volume of each of the components, determining a first failure number percentage of each of the components according to the first failure number, and determining a first failure volume percentage of each of the components according to the first failure volume;
a determination module for determining a current risk indicator value for the target building based on the first percentage of number to failure and the first percentage of volume to failure;
an evaluation module for determining that the target building is at risk of collapse if the current risk indicator value is greater than or equal to a critical indicator value;
the members include column members, primary beam members, and secondary beam members, the determination module further for:
determining a current risk indicator value of the target building according to a risk indicator calculation formula, the first failure quantity percentage and the first failure volume percentage, wherein the risk indicator calculation formula is as follows:
in the risk indicator calculation formula, the
Is the value of the risk indicator, the
The above-mentioned
And said
The percentage of failure numbers of the column member, the main beam member, and the sub beam member, respectively
The above-mentioned
And said
The column member, the primary beam member, and the secondary beam member, respectively, are percent by volume failure.
8. A computer arrangement comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor, when executing the computer program, is adapted to carry out the steps of the method of assessing risk of collapse of a building according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, having stored thereon a computer program, the computer program being executable by at least one processor to cause the at least one processor to perform the steps of the building collapse risk assessment method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
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