CN113817282A - 一种用于包装材料的阻氧涂层及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于包装材料的阻氧涂层及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于食品包装技术领域,具体涉及一种用于包装材料的阻氧涂层及其制备方法,所述的一种用于包装材料的阻氧涂层,以重量份计,其原料组成为:聚乙烯醇PVA 100份,淀粉0~50份,功能助剂2~30份,增塑剂0.5~10份。本发明以PVA/淀粉为基底材料,加入功能助剂及增塑剂,通过流延或刮膜方式制备的用于包装材料的阻氧涂层。本发明的制备方法简单易操作,所制备的用于包装材料的阻氧涂层,可以有效提高包装材料的阻氧性能、防油性能和机械力学性能,同时具有良好的耐磨性和表面平滑性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及食品包装技术领域,具体涉及一种用于包装材料的阻氧涂层及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前的食品包装行业,常用的PVDC、EVOH、PAN等高分子材料虽然阻隔性优良,但存在成本高昂、加工性能不良的缺点,而常规的PE、PP等聚合物材料的氧气阻隔性能差,会严重损坏包装物的品质。且此类包装材料存在难以降解、威胁环境等问题,如何解决是当下所被重视的严重问题。
PVA是一种良好的高分子聚合物基质,作为一种环境友好型生物可降解高聚物,具有较好的水溶性、成膜性和机械强度,有一定的阻隔性能,加入适当含量的抗油淀粉,在不影响PVA性能的情况下,可以降低成本,同时又提高了材料的防油性能。
PVA的优良性能使它有着广阔的应用前景,可以作为一种有效的传统食品包装的替代品,但其耐水性能、阻隔性能并不是很理想,水分越高,其阻隔性能就越差,且会降低其机械强度,无法满足消费者的使用需求,这些因素在一定程度上限制了PVA在食品包装材料上应用,因此,在实际应用当中,需要对PVA进行适当的加工处理提升其性能。
发明内容
为了解决上述现有技术中存在的问题,本发明提出了一种用于包装材料的阻氧涂层及其制备方法。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:
一方面,本发明提出一种用于包装材料的阻氧涂层,以重量份计,其原料组成为:聚乙烯醇PVA 100份,淀粉0~50份,功能助剂2~30份,增塑剂0.5~10份;其中PVA作为整个阻氧涂层的基底材料,淀粉可以适量加入代替部分PVA从而降低成本。
优选的,所述聚乙烯醇为1399型聚乙烯醇、1799型聚乙烯醇、2688型聚乙烯醇中的一种或多种混合物。
优选的,所述功能助剂包括交联剂或纳米颗粒复合材料;所述交联剂为马来酸酐、碳酸锆铵、密胺树脂、脲醛树脂、丙烯酸树脂、环氧树脂中的一种或多种混合物;所述纳米颗粒复合材料为凹凸棒石、伊利石、膨润土、埃洛石、高岭土、云母、蛭石、硅藻土、纳米蒙脱土、纳米高岭土、纳米纤维素、氧化石墨烯、纳米SiO2或纳米ZnO或纳米TiO2或纳米CaCO3等纳米颗粒物质中的一种或多种混合物,加入功能助剂可以进一步提升涂层的阻氧性能。
优选的,所述增塑剂为甘油、聚乙二醇、乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯、span80、环氧大豆油、环氧向日葵油中的一种或多种混合物,增塑剂用于提高包装材料的阻氧性能、防油性能和机械力学性能。
另一方面,本发明还提出一种制备上述的用于包装材料的阻氧涂层的方法,以PVA/淀粉为基底材料,加入功能助剂和增塑剂,通过流延或刮膜方式制备的用于包装材料的阻氧涂层。
具体的,通过流延制备阻氧涂层的具体步骤为:
S1:将淀粉糊化后,加入PVA溶液搅拌溶解,加入增塑剂,超声处理,真空脱泡,将功能助剂加入其中,搅拌均匀,得到PVA溶液;
S2:取出PVA溶液流延在模具上;
S3:将盛有PVA溶液的模具置于烘箱烘干并冷却脱模,得到最终产物。
具体的,通过刮膜制备阻氧涂层的具体步骤为:
S1:将淀粉糊化后,加入PVA溶液搅拌溶解,加入增塑剂,超声处理,真空脱泡,将功能助剂加入其中,搅拌均匀,得到PVA溶液;
S2:在涂布机上将PVA溶液均匀地涂抹在模板表面;
S3:将所得材料置于烘箱烘干并冷却,随后将所得材料从模板上揭下,得到最终产物。
优选的,所述模板为聚四氟乙烯板或纸张。
优选的,所述PVA溶液涂抹的层数为1~6层
优选的,所述溶剂为去离子水;所述溶剂的加入量为PVA重量的6~30倍。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:(1)本发明采用PVA作为基底材料,PVA是一种水溶性聚合物,具有很好的成膜性能、较高的抗拉强度和柔韧性,也具有一定的阻氧性能,但其本身具有强大的吸水性,对氧气等小分子气体的阻隔性会极大降低,通过加入交联剂或纳米颗粒复合材料,可有效改善聚合物的阻氧性能、力学性能和热稳定性;(2)本发明通过在PVA中适量掺杂淀粉,在不影响材料性能的基础上可以有效节约成本;(3)本发明通过采用甘油、聚乙二醇、乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯、span80、环氧大豆油、环氧向日葵油作为增塑剂增强PVA的韧性,可以有效提高包装材料的阻氧性能、防油性能和机械力学性能。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例,描述的实施例是示例性的,仅用于解释本发明,而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
实施例1
本实施例提出一种用于包装材料的阻氧涂层,其原料组成为:PVA 8g,甘油0.08g,密胺树脂0.16g;采用刮膜的方式制备,具体制备步骤如下:
S1:将PVA加入100mL去离子水搅拌溶解,加入甘油,在超声机中超声5min,真空脱泡,加入密胺树脂,搅拌均匀,再在超声机中超声5min,真空脱泡,得到PVA溶液;
S2:将PVA溶液,在刮膜机上用计量棒均匀的涂在聚四氟乙烯板表面,计量棒规格为20μm,涂布层数为3层,涂布量13g/m2;
S3:将所得材料置于烘箱烘干,揭膜,得到最终产物。
实施例2
本实施例提出一种用于包装材料的阻氧涂层,其原料组成为:PVA 8g,淀粉2g,甘油0.08g,密胺树脂0.16g;采用刮膜的方式制备,具体制备步骤如下:
S1:将淀粉加入100mL去离子水在80℃搅拌糊化,将PVA加入其中搅拌溶解,加入甘油,在超声机中超声5min,真空脱泡,加入密胺树脂,搅拌均匀,再在超声机中超声5min,真空脱泡,得到PVA溶液;
S2:将PVA溶液,在刮膜机上用计量棒均匀的涂在聚四氟乙烯板表面,计量棒规格为20μm,涂布层数为3层,涂布量13g/m2;
S3:将所得材料置于烘箱烘干,揭膜,得到最终产物。
实施例3
本实施例提出一种用于包装材料的阻氧涂层,其原料组成为:PVA 9g,淀粉2g,聚乙二醇0.27g,伊利石0.45g;采用刮膜的方式制备,具体制备步骤如下:
S1:将淀粉加入200mL去离子水在80℃搅拌糊化,将PVA加入其中搅拌溶解,加入聚乙二醇,在超声机中超声5min,真空脱泡,加入伊利石,搅拌均匀,再在超声机中超声5min,真空脱泡,得到PVA溶液;
S2:将PVA溶液,在刮膜机上用计量棒均匀的涂在聚四氟乙烯板表面,计量棒规格为20μm,涂布层数为2层,涂布量9g/m2;
S3:将所得材料置于烘箱烘干,揭膜,得到最终产物。
实施例4
本实施例提出一种用于包装材料的阻氧涂层,其原料组成为:PVA 50g,淀粉5g,span803g,丙烯酸树脂15g;采用流延的方式制备,具体制备步骤如下:
S1:将淀粉加入500mL去离子水在80℃搅拌糊化,将PVA加入其中搅拌溶解,加入span 80,在超声机中超声5min,真空脱泡,加入丙烯酸树脂,搅拌均匀,再在超声机中超声5min,真空脱泡,得到PVA溶液;
S2:将PVA溶液流延在聚四氟乙烯模具上,薄膜厚度为215μm,涂布量96g/m2;
S3:将所得材料置于烘箱烘干冷却并脱模,得到最终产物。
实施例5
本实施例提出一种用于包装材料的阻氧涂层,其原料组成为:PVA 10g,淀粉5g,甘油0.8g,环氧树脂1.6g;采用流延的方式制备,具体制备步骤如下:
S1:将淀粉加入300mL去离子水在80℃搅拌糊化,将PVA加入其中搅拌溶解,加入甘油,在超声机中超声5min,真空脱泡,加入环氧树脂,搅拌均匀,再在超声机中超声5min,真空脱泡,得到PVA溶液;
S2:将PVA溶液流延在聚四氟乙烯模具上,薄膜厚度为610μm,涂布量265g/m2;
S3:将所得材料置于烘箱烘干冷却并脱模,得到最终产物。
实施例6
本实施例提出一种用于包装材料的阻氧涂层,其原料组成为:PVA13g,淀粉3g,乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯0.52g,马来酸酐0.39g;采用刮膜的方式制备,具体制备步骤如下:
S1:将淀粉加入100mL去离子水在80℃搅拌糊化,将PVA加入其中搅拌溶解,加入乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯,在超声机中超声5min,真空脱泡,加入马来酸酐,搅拌均匀,再在超声机中超声5min,真空脱泡,得到PVA溶液;
S2:将PVA溶液,在刮膜机上用计量棒均匀的涂在聚四氟乙烯板表面,计量棒规格为20μm,涂布层数为4层,涂布量21g/m2;
S3:将所得材料置于烘箱烘干,揭膜,得到最终产物。
实施例7
本实施例提出一种用于包装材料的阻氧涂层,其原料组成为:PVA 15g,淀粉5g,聚乙二醇0.375g,碳酸锆铵3g;采用流延的方式制备,具体制备步骤如下:
S1:将淀粉加入90mL去离子水在80℃搅拌糊化,将PVA加入其中搅拌溶解,加入聚乙二醇,在超声机中超声5min,真空脱泡,加入碳酸锆铵,搅拌均匀,再在超声机中超声5min,真空脱泡,得到PVA溶液;
S2:将PVA溶液流延在聚四氟乙烯模具上,薄膜厚度为300μm,涂布量176g/m2;
S3:将所得材料置于烘箱烘干冷却并脱模,得到最终产物。
实施例8
本实施例提出一种用于包装材料的阻氧涂层,其原料组成为:PVA 80g,淀粉5g,环氧大豆油0.8g,膨润土5.6g;采用刮膜的方式制备,具体制备步骤如下:
S1:将淀粉加入500mL去离子水在80℃搅拌糊化,将PVA加入其中搅拌溶解,加入环氧大豆油,在超声机中超声5min,真空脱泡,加入膨润土,搅拌均匀,再在超声机中超声5min,真空脱泡,得到PVA溶液;
S2:将PVA溶液,在刮膜机上用计量棒均匀的涂在纸张表面,计量棒规格为20μm,涂布层数为5层,涂布量27g/m2;
S3:将所得材料置于烘箱烘干,揭膜,得到最终产物。
实施例9
本实施例提出一种用于包装材料的阻氧涂层,其原料组成为:PVA 7g,淀粉1g,span 800.035g,氧化石墨烯0.28g;采用流延的方式制备,具体制备步骤如下:
S1:将淀粉加入77mL去离子水在80℃搅拌糊化,将PVA加入其中搅拌溶解,加入span 80,在超声机中超声5min,真空脱泡,加入密胺树脂,搅拌均匀,再在超声机中超声5min,真空脱泡,得到PVA溶液;
S2:将PVA溶液流延在聚四氟乙烯模具上,薄膜厚度为465μm,涂布量300g/m2;
S3:将所得材料置于烘箱烘干冷却并脱模,得到最终产物。
实施例10
本实施例提出一种用于包装材料的阻氧涂层,其原料组成为:PVA 10g,淀粉0.5g,乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯0.7g,纳米SiO22.5g;采用刮膜的方式制备,具体制备步骤如下:
S1:将淀粉加入120mL去离子水在80℃搅拌糊化,将PVA加入其中搅拌溶解,再加入甘油,在超声机中超声5min,真空脱泡,加入密胺树脂,搅拌均匀,再在超声机中超声5min,真空脱泡,得到PVA溶液;
S2:将聚乙烯醇溶液,在刮膜机上用刮刀均匀的涂在聚四氟乙烯板表面,刮刀规格为380μm,涂布量318g/m2;
S3:将所得材料置于烘箱烘干,揭膜,得到最终产物。
实施例11
本实施例提出一种用于包装材料的阻氧涂层,其原料组成为:PVA 17g,淀粉2g,环氧向日葵油1.7g,纳米ZnO 3.74g;采用刮膜的方式制备,具体制备步骤如下:
S1:将淀粉加入400mL去离子水在80℃搅拌糊化,将PVA加入其中搅拌溶解,加入环氧向日葵油,在超声机中超声5min,真空脱泡,加入纳米ZnO,搅拌均匀,再在超声机中超声5min,真空脱泡,得到PVA溶液;
S2:将PVA溶液,在刮膜机上用计量棒均匀的涂在纸张表面,计量棒规格为50μm,涂布层数为6层,涂布量146g/m2;
S3:将所得材料置于烘箱烘干,揭膜,得到最终产物。
对实施例1~11制备所得一种用于包装材料的阻氧涂层进行性能化测试,检测结果如表1所示,结果显示采用PVA作为基底材料,加入功能助剂和增塑剂得到的阻氧涂层普遍具有良好的阻氧性、防水性、机械性能和防油性。
1、膜材料按GBT1038-2000《塑料材料和薄片气体透过性试验方法》测定材料的阻氧性能。
2、膜材料按GB/T1540-2002《纸和纸板吸水性的测定(可勃法)》测定材料的防水性,测5次取其平均值。
3、膜材料按GB13022-91《塑料材料拉伸性能试验方法》测定材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率。
4、膜材料按《纸和纸板的防油性能实验》测定材料的防油Kit值。
表1
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,本领域的普通技术人员可以理解:在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (10)
1.一种用于包装材料的阻氧涂层,其特征在于,以重量份计,其原料组成为:聚乙烯醇PVA 100份,淀粉0~50份,功能助剂2~30份,增塑剂0.5~10份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于包装材料的阻氧涂层,其特征在于,所述聚乙烯醇为1399型聚乙烯醇、1799型聚乙烯醇、2688型聚乙烯醇中的一种或多种混合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于包装材料的阻氧涂层,其特征在于,所述功能助剂包括交联剂或纳米颗粒复合材料;所述交联剂为马来酸酐、碳酸锆铵、密胺树脂、脲醛树脂、丙烯酸树脂、环氧树脂中的一种或多种混合物;所述纳米颗粒复合材料为凹凸棒石、伊利石、膨润土、埃洛石、高岭土、云母、蛭石、硅藻土、纳米蒙脱土、纳米高岭土、纳米纤维素、氧化石墨烯、纳米SiO2或纳米ZnO或纳米TiO2或纳米CaCO3等纳米颗粒物质中的一种或多种混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于包装材料的阻氧涂层,其特征在于,所述增塑剂为甘油、聚乙二醇、乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯、span80、环氧大豆油、环氧向日葵油中的一种或多种混合物。
5.一种制备权利要求1~4任一项所述的用于包装材料的阻氧涂层的方法,其特征在于,以PVA/淀粉为基底材料,加入功能助剂和增塑剂,通过流延或刮膜方式制备的用于包装材料的阻氧涂层。
6.根据权利要求5所述的制备一种用于包装材料的阻氧涂层的方法,其特征在于,通过流延制备阻氧涂层的具体步骤为:
S1:将淀粉加水糊化后,加入PVA搅拌溶解,加入增塑剂,超声处理,真空脱泡,将功能助剂加入其中,搅拌均匀后再进行一次超声处理和真空脱泡,得到PVA溶液;
S2:取出PVA溶液流延在模具上;
S3:将盛有PVA溶液的模具置于烘箱烘干并冷却脱模,得到最终产物。
7.根据权利要求5所述的制备一种用于包装材料的阻氧涂层的方法,其特征在于,通过刮膜制备阻氧涂层的具体步骤为:
S1:将淀粉加水糊化后,加入PVA搅拌溶解,加入增塑剂,超声处理,真空脱泡,将功能助剂加入其中,搅拌均匀后再进行一次超声处理和真空脱泡,得到PVA溶液;
S2:在涂布机上将PVA溶液均匀地涂抹在模板表面;
S3:将所得材料置于烘箱烘干并冷却,随后将所得材料从模板上揭下,得到最终产物。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种制备用于包装材料的阻氧涂层的方法,其特征在于,所述模板为聚四氟乙烯板或纸张。
9.根据权利要求7所述的一种制备用于包装材料的阻氧涂层的方法,其特征在于,所述PVA溶液涂抹的层数为1~6层。
10.根据权利要求6或7所述的一种制备用于包装材料的阻氧涂层的方法,其特征在于,所述水的加入量为PVA重量的6~30倍。
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CN115197616B (zh) * | 2022-07-27 | 2023-08-22 | 广东省科学院生物与医学工程研究所 | 一种温度响应性生物降解阻隔涂层及其制备方法和应用 |
CN115323827A (zh) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-11-11 | 山东博汇纸业股份有限公司 | 无氟食品接触包装纸用涂布液及其制备方法和应用 |
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