CN113815495A - 一种提升电动汽车低温续航能力的系统和方法 - Google Patents

一种提升电动汽车低温续航能力的系统和方法 Download PDF

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CN113815495A
CN113815495A CN202111273727.3A CN202111273727A CN113815495A CN 113815495 A CN113815495 A CN 113815495A CN 202111273727 A CN202111273727 A CN 202111273727A CN 113815495 A CN113815495 A CN 113815495A
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battery pack
water
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贾贯举
黄峻
梁宇航
张衡
赵燕飞
王振辉
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Chery Commercial Vehicle Anhui Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明揭示了一种提升电动汽车低温续航能力的系统,电池组包裹在保温水套内,所述保温水套进水口和出水口分别连接进水管和出水管,所述进水管上安装有电子水泵,所述进水管和出水管连接加热管路的两端,所述加热管路包括设置在管路上的燃烧热水器和加热阀门,系统设有电控模块,所述电控模块连接电池组上的温度传感器,所述电控模块连接并输出控制信号至燃烧热水器、加热阀门。本发明通过在电池组热管理系统中增加微小型清洁燃料燃烧加热装置和可调节电池保温装置,对电池组工作环境温度进行动态管理,保证电池组持续处在最佳工作环境温度区间。

Description

一种提升电动汽车低温续航能力的系统和方法
技术领域
本发明涉及新能源汽车领域,尤其涉及电动汽车的电池热管理技术。
背景技术
电池作为电动汽车的重要系统之一,冬季低温导致电动汽车电池组的容量及放电能力降低,续航里程变短。
现在市场上的电动汽车80%用的都是铅酸电池,铅酸电池最佳充放电环境温度是25℃-35℃左右,在这个温度区间内,电池的充放电效果最好;当气温处于零度时,电池容量大约只有正常的70%;零度以下,气温每下降1℃,电池容量也会随之下降1%左右;另外,冬季空调的频繁使用,也会消耗蓄电池的一部分电量。
因此,改善冬季蓄电池的工作环境温度,减小或消除空调对蓄电池的电量消耗可以大大提高电动车冬季续航里程。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是实现一种在环境温度低的情况下,提升电池续航能力的系统。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案为:一种提升电动汽车低温续航能力的系统,电池组包裹在保温水套内,所述保温水套进水口和出水口分别连接进水管和出水管,所述进水管上安装有电子水泵,所述进水管和出水管连接加热管路的两端,所述加热管路包括设置在管路上的燃烧热水器和加热阀门,系统设有电控模块,所述电控模块连接电池组上的温度传感器,所述电控模块连接并输出控制信号至燃烧热水器、加热阀门。
所述燃烧热水器包括壳体、燃烧室、盘绕在燃烧室内的加热管、燃烧室底部的火焰座,所述火焰座通过两个管路分别连接燃气瓶和气泵,所述燃烧室顶部设有排气管,所述排气管内设有排风机。
汽车底板内盘绕有车内加热管,所述车内加热管一端连接排气管,另一端连通车外。
所述进水管和出水管连接散热管路的两端,所述散热管路包括设置在管路上的散热器和散热阀门,所述电控模块连接并输出控制信号至散热器和散热阀门。
所述进水管和出水管连接暖风管路的两端,所述暖风管路包括设置在管路上的暖风机和暖风阀门,所述电控模块连接并输出控制信号至暖风机和暖风阀门。
所述电控模块连接驾驶室内的显示单元和输入单元。
一种基于所述系统的提升电动汽车低温续航能力的方法:
车辆启动后,若电池组温度低于低温下限,则启动燃烧热水器和电子水泵,控制加热阀门打开,若电池组温度高于设定上限,则关闭燃烧热水器和电子水泵,并控制加热阀门关闭;
车辆启动后,若电池组温度高于高温上限,则散热器和电子水泵,控制散热阀门打开,若电池组温度低于设定下限,则关闭散热器和电子水泵,并控散热阀门关闭。
当打开暖风机时,若电池组温度在预设范围内则启动电子水泵并打开暖风阀门,否则关闭电子水泵和暖风阀门。
本发明通过在电池组热管理系统中增加微小型清洁燃料燃烧加热装置和可调节电池保温装置,对电池组工作环境温度进行动态管理,保证电池组持续处在最佳工作环境温度区间。
附图说明
下面对本发明说明书中每幅附图表达的内容及图中的标记作简要说明:
图1为提升电动汽车低温续航能力的系统原理图;
上述图中的标记均为:1-散热器,2-暖风机,3-暖风阀门,4-散热阀门,5-加热阀门,6-燃烧热水器,7-电子水泵,8-电池组,9-保温水套,10-温度传感器,11-电控模块,12-燃气瓶。
具体实施方式
下面对照附图,通过对实施例的描述,本发明的具体实施方式如所涉及的各构件的形状、构造、各部分之间的相互位置及连接关系、各部分的作用及工作原理、制造工艺及操作使用方法等,作进一步详细的说明,以帮助本领域技术人员对本发明的发明构思、技术方案有更完整、准确和深入的理解。
本发明是在电池组8热管理系统中增加微小型燃烧热水器6,在低温情况下,通过燃烧热水器6对系统内冷却液进行加热,冷却液需要具有防冻功能,避免温度过低使冷却液冻住,无法循环导致损坏燃烧热水器6和电子水泵7,通过加热后冷却液及保温水套9对电池组8进行温度管理,同时在不消耗电池电量情况下实现暖风功能,该系统能够对电池组8冷却系统实行动态热管理,保证电池组8在冬季低温环境中时刻处于最佳工作环境温度区间,同时通过加热的冷却液进行暖风供暖,消除电加热供暖对电池电量的消耗,实现增加电池组8冬季续航里程的目的。
具体结构如图1所示,需要在电池组8外包裹保温水套9,保温水套9内有个储存液体的容器,可以延伸出管路至电池组8内,从而提升热交换效果,在电池组8表面需要贴附温度传感器10,既能感应到电池组8的工作温度,也能感应到保温水套9及其内部液体的温度,保温水套9进水口和出水口分别连接进水管和出水管,在进水管或出水管上设置一个电子水泵7,可以实现保温水套9内液体的循环,进水管和出水管连接加热管路、散热管路和冷却管路的两端,可以实现保温水套9内的水与加热管路、散热管路和冷却管路建立循环关系。
加热管路包括设置在管路上的燃烧热水器6和加热阀门5,散热管路包括设置在管路上的散热器1和散热阀门4,暖风管路包括设置在管路上的暖风机2和暖风阀门3,加热阀门5可以控制加热管路与保温水套9的连通关系,散热阀门4可以控制散热管路与保温水套9的连通关系,暖风阀门3可以控制暖风管路与保温水套9的连通关系。
系统设有电控模块11,电控模块11连接电池组8上的温度传感器10,温度传感器10输出温度信号至电控模块11,电控模块11连接并输出控制信号至散热器1、散热阀门4、暖风机2、暖风阀门3、燃烧热水器6、加热阀门5,从而使得电控模块11能够系统整个系统进行工作,此外,电控模块11连接驾驶室内的显示单元和输入单元,显示单元可以集成在仪表上,显示当前电池温度、以及系统的工作状态,输入单元可以人工控制和条件系统的工作参数,或者工作状态。
燃烧热水器6整个的工作原理与常规家用燃气热水器类似,制作成小型化的器件,表面包裹隔温材料后放置在后备箱中,后备箱还需要为燃烧热水器6配备燃料瓶,燃料瓶内有高压燃气,如天然气,燃气瓶12需要具有充气口,方便进行填充气体,可以在天然气站进行补气,燃烧热水器6包括壳体、燃烧室、盘绕在燃烧室内的加热管、燃烧室底部的火焰座,火焰座为燃烧的机构具有出气口,火焰座旁设有点火装置,
火焰座通过两个管路分别连接燃气瓶12和气泵,一个向内部燃烧座输入空气,一个向燃烧座输入燃气,配合好输入的流量则能够保证燃烧的充分性和可靠性,燃烧室顶部设有排气管,排气管内设有排风机,可以向外主动方式排出废气,因为废气的温度也比较高,而需要进行加热的时候环境温度肯定也比较低,因此可以进一步利用燃烧热水器6产生的热能,即在汽车底板内盘绕有车内加热管,车内加热管一端连接排气管,另一端连通车外,利用废气提升车内整体温度,构成一个类似“地暖”的系统。
保温状态:通过电池组8内温度传感器10对电池组8工作环境温度进行判定,当温度低于蓄电池最佳工作温度时,传感器发出温度信号给电控模块11,燃烧热水器6对电池管理模块内冷却液进行加热,散热阀门4关闭,加热阀门5和暖气阀门开启,可调节电池组8的保温水套9调节为保温状态,电子水泵7将高温冷却液通过循环水路送到电池组8和暖风机2,将电池组8快速加热到最佳工作温度,同时为空调提供暖风。
散热状态:在保温状态下当温度传感器10检测到电池组8工作环境温度高于蓄电池最佳工作温度时,传感器发出温度信号给电控模块11,停止燃烧热水器6对冷却液加热,加热阀门5开启,可调节电池组8的保温水套9调节为散热状态,电子水泵7将电池组8内的高温冷却液通过循环水路送到散热器1和暖风,将电池组8快速散热到最佳工作温度,同时为空调提供暖风。
具体来说,车辆启动后,若电池组8温度低于低温下限,则启动燃烧热水器6和电子水泵7,控制加热阀门5打开,若电池组8温度高于设定上限,则关闭燃烧热水器6和电子水泵7,并控制加热阀门5关闭;车辆启动后,若电池组8温度高于高温上限,则散热器1和电子水泵7,控制散热阀门4打开,若电池组8温度低于设定下限,则关闭散热器1和电子水泵7,并控散热阀门4关闭。当打开暖风机2时,若电池组8温度在预设范围内则启动电子水泵7并打开暖风阀门3,否则关闭电子水泵7和暖风阀门3。
上面结合附图对本发明进行了示例性描述,显然本发明具体实现并不受上述方式的限制,只要采用了本发明的方法构思和技术方案进行的各种非实质性的改进,或未经改进将本发明的构思和技术方案直接应用于其它场合的,均在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种提升电动汽车低温续航能力的系统,其特征在于:电池组包裹在保温水套内,所述保温水套进水口和出水口分别连接进水管和出水管,所述进水管上安装有电子水泵,所述进水管和出水管连接加热管路的两端,所述加热管路包括设置在管路上的燃烧热水器和加热阀门,系统设有电控模块,所述电控模块连接电池组上的温度传感器,所述电控模块连接并输出控制信号至燃烧热水器、加热阀门。
2.根据权利要求1所述提升电动汽车低温续航能力的系统,其特征在于:所述燃烧热水器包括壳体、燃烧室、盘绕在燃烧室内的加热管、燃烧室底部的火焰座,所述火焰座通过两个管路分别连接燃气瓶和气泵,所述燃烧室顶部设有排气管,所述排气管内设有排风机。
3.根据权利要求2所述提升电动汽车低温续航能力的系统,其特征在于:汽车底板内盘绕有车内加热管,所述车内加热管一端连接排气管,另一端连通车外。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3所述提升电动汽车低温续航能力的系统,其特征在于:所述进水管和出水管连接散热管路的两端,所述散热管路包括设置在管路上的散热器和散热阀门,所述电控模块连接并输出控制信号至散热器和散热阀门。
5.根据权利要求4所述提升电动汽车低温续航能力的系统,其特征在于:所述进水管和出水管连接暖风管路的两端,所述暖风管路包括设置在管路上的暖风机和暖风阀门,所述电控模块连接并输出控制信号至暖风机和暖风阀门。
6.根据权利要求1或5所述提升电动汽车低温续航能力的系统,其特征在于:所述电控模块连接驾驶室内的显示单元和输入单元。
7.一种基于权利要去1-6所述系统的提升电动汽车低温续航能力的方法,其特征在于:
车辆启动后,若电池组温度低于低温下限,则启动燃烧热水器和电子水泵,控制加热阀门打开,若电池组温度高于设定上限,则关闭燃烧热水器和电子水泵,并控制加热阀门关闭;
车辆启动后,若电池组温度高于高温上限,则散热器和电子水泵,控制散热阀门打开,若电池组温度低于设定下限,则关闭散热器和电子水泵,并控散热阀门关闭。
8.根据权利要求7所述提升电动汽车低温续航能力的方法,其特征在于:当打开暖风机时,若电池组温度在预设范围内则启动电子水泵并打开暖风阀门,否则关闭电子水泵和暖风阀门。
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