CN113814317A - Sheet material rolling process and device thereof - Google Patents
Sheet material rolling process and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
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- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D35/00—Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
- B21D35/002—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
- B21D5/008—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves combined with heating or cooling of the bends
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
- B21D5/14—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves by passing between rollers
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Abstract
The invention provides a sheet rolling process and a device thereof, wherein the sheet rolling process comprises the following steps: applying pressure to a first area of the plate material to enable the first area to generate first preset deformation at least in the depth direction; applying a driving force to a first area of the plate material to enable the plate material to move along the length direction; in the process that the sheet material moves along the length direction, applying pressure to the second area according to preset rolling displacement parameters to enable the second area to generate second preset deformation in the width direction and/or the depth direction; wherein the width direction, the depth direction and the length direction are mutually perpendicular. The process can realize the shape change of the high-strength steel plate material in the depth direction and the width direction, and the geometric shape of the part is more flexible to meet the requirement of light weight of an automobile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metal plate processing, in particular to a plate rolling process and a device thereof.
Background
Compared with steel structure parts with single shapes, the variable-section high-strength steel can enable the design of the automobile part structure to be more flexible under the condition that the structural rigidity and the strength are both met, and can fully utilize the limited space of an automobile body, so that the requirements of light weight and structural complexity in modern automobile design can be met, and the application of the variable-section high-strength steel is one of important paths for the light weight of the automobile body in the future.
However, the main forming method of the steel plate of the steel structure plate is roll forming, that is, one steel plate is finally formed into a required part shape by multi-pass rolling of a roller, and the traditional rolling method can only form a sample piece with an equal section generally and cannot be applied to processing of beam parts with variable sections.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a sheet rolling process, which can solve the problem that the conventional rolling forming technology cannot form a variable-section part.
The invention provides a sheet rolling process, which comprises the following steps:
applying pressure to a first area of the plate material to enable the first area to generate first preset deformation at least in the depth direction;
applying a driving force to a first area of the plate material to enable the plate material to move along the length direction;
in the process that the sheet material moves along the length direction, applying pressure to the second area according to preset rolling displacement parameters to enable the second area to generate second preset deformation in the width direction and/or the depth direction; wherein the width direction, the depth direction and the length direction are mutually perpendicular.
Optionally, the sheet rolling process further includes: and determining a preset rolling displacement parameter.
Optionally, the method for determining the preset rolling displacement parameter comprises:
acquiring a three-dimensional forming path of a pressure-applied side of a target plate, wherein the three-dimensional forming path is a functional relation formula of a first coordinate, a second coordinate and a third coordinate;
respectively projecting the three-dimensional forming path to a first plane and a second plane to obtain a first function and a second function, wherein the first function is a function relation between a first coordinate and a third coordinate, and the second function is a function relation between the second coordinate and the third coordinate;
performing first derivation on the first function and the second function respectively relative to the third coordinate to obtain a first derivative and a second derivative;
obtaining rolling displacement parameters according to the first function, the second function, the first derivative, the second derivative and the third function; and the third function is a relation between the movement displacement of the sheet material along the length direction and time.
Optionally, the preset rolling displacement parameters include a first coordinate parameter, a second coordinate parameter, a first angle parameter and a second angle parameter; the first coordinate parameter is a parameter between the first coordinate and time and is obtained by solving an equation set formed by a first function and a third function; the first angle parameter is a parameter between the first coordinate and time and is obtained by solving an equation system formed by a first derivative and a third function; the second coordinate parameter is a parameter between the second coordinate and time and is obtained by solving an equation set formed by a second function and a third function; the second angle parameter is a parameter between the second coordinate and time, and is obtained by solving an equation system formed by the second derivative and the third function.
Optionally, the applying of the pressure to the second area according to the preset rolling displacement parameter is a multi-pass operation.
Optionally, the applying of the pressure to the second area according to the preset rolling displacement parameter is a single-pass operation, and the single-pass operation comprises a forward-sequence operation and a reverse-sequence operation, wherein the forming path of the reverse-sequence operation is a reverse path of the forming path of the forward-sequence operation.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a sheet material rolling device, which comprises:
the pressing module is used for applying pressure to the first area so as to enable the first area to generate first preset deformation at least in the depth direction;
the material conveying module bears the pressing module and is used for driving the pressing module and a first area fixed on the pressing module to move along the length direction;
the rolling modules are used for applying pressure to the second area according to preset rolling displacement parameters in the process that the sheet material moves along the length direction so as to enable the second area to generate second preset deformation in the width direction and/or the depth direction; wherein the length direction, the width direction and the depth direction are mutually perpendicular.
Optionally, the swaging module includes: the beam and the power rod are fixed on the material conveying module, and the upper die and the lower die are arranged along the depth direction; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the upper die can move to be matched with the lower die along the depth direction to fix the first area, and pressure is applied to the first area to enable the first area to generate first preset deformation at least in the depth direction;
the power rod is fixed on the cross beam, connected with the upper die and used for driving the upper die to move along the depth direction so as to enable the upper die and the lower die to be matched;
the lower die is borne on the material conveying module, and the material conveying module is used for driving the lower die and the power rod to move along the length direction.
Optionally, a connecting piece is fixed at one end of the power rod facing the upper die, and the upper die is detachably connected to the connecting piece.
Optionally, the power rod is connected with the upper die, and/or the lower die is detachably connected with the material conveying module.
Optionally, the rolling module comprises:
a power unit;
one end of the first mechanical arm is connected with the power unit, and the other end of the first mechanical arm is fixed with the roller bracket;
a forming roll connected to the roll holder;
the power unit provides power for the first mechanical arm, the power unit is used for driving the first mechanical arm to drive the forming roller to move according to preset rolling displacement parameters, and the forming roller is used for applying pressure to the second area so as to enable the second area to generate second preset deformation in the width direction and/or the depth direction.
Optionally, the forming roll comprises: go up roller and lower roll, go up roller and lower roll and all connect in the roller bracket, go up and have the clearance between roller and the lower roll for fixed second region, go up roller and lower roll and exert pressure according to predetermined roll-in displacement parameter to the second region.
Optionally, the sheet rolling device further comprises: and the control module is connected with the rolling module and used for controlling the rolling module to apply pressure to the second area according to preset rolling displacement parameters.
Optionally, the control module is connected with the material conveying module and used for controlling the material conveying module to move along the length direction.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the sheet rolling process provided by the invention can realize shape change of the high-strength steel sheet in the depth direction and the width direction, so that the geometric shape of parts is more flexible to meet the requirement of light weight of automobiles.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a sheet rolling process according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a target slab shape according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a sheet rolling device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view illustrating a pressing module and a feeding module in a sheet rolling device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a side view of FIG. 4;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a rolling module in the sheet rolling device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a first schematic structural diagram of a forming roller in a sheet rolling device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a second schematic structural view of a forming roller in the plate rolling device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a positional relationship between a forming path and a forming roller according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure. While the invention will be described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended that features of the invention be limited to these embodiments. On the contrary, the invention is described in connection with the embodiments for the purpose of covering alternatives or modifications that may be extended based on the claims of the present invention. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The invention may be practiced without these particulars. Moreover, some of the specific details have been left out of the description in order to avoid obscuring or obscuring the focus of the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be noted that in this specification, like reference numerals and letters refer to like items in the following drawings, and thus, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.
In the description of the present embodiment, it should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used only for distinguishing the description, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the sheet rolling process according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:
step S1, applying pressure to the first area of the plate material to enable the first area to generate a first preset deformation at least in the depth direction.
Specifically, the application of pressure to the first region to obtain the final target shape of the first region may be performed in one operation or may be performed in a plurality of operations. Therefore, the first preset deformation may be a deformation corresponding to a middle process, or may be a final target deformation, which is not limited herein.
And step S2, applying a driving force to the first area of the plate material to enable the plate material to move along the length direction.
Step S3, in the process that the plate material moves along the length direction, applying pressure to the second area according to preset rolling displacement parameters to enable the second area to generate second preset deformation in the width direction and/or the depth direction; wherein the width direction, the depth direction and the length direction are mutually perpendicular.
Specifically, the first area of the plate material is referred to as a middle portion of the plate material, the second area is referred to as two side portions of the plate material, and the shapes of the first area and the second area can be determined according to the expected shape of a target plate material. Different from the prior art that the sheet material is rolled and deformed by utilizing the rolling wheels arranged oppositely up and down and the sheet material is driven to move forwards, in this embodiment, the movement of the sheet material along the length direction can be driven by means of other devices except the rolling wheels, that is, the movement and the rolling of the sheet material can be performed through different modules, for example, a material conveying module is arranged to drive the sheet material to move along the length direction, the rolling module is arranged to apply pressure to a second area of the sheet material to generate preset deformation, that is, the movement of the sheet material along the length direction and the deformation process of the sheet material due to the pressure application are completed by two modules, and then the rolling displacement parameters of the rolling module are controlled, so that the change of the section shape of the processed sheet material is finally realized, and the variable-section part is obtained.
Further, the sheet rolling process may further include:
and step S0, determining preset rolling displacement parameters.
This step may be performed before step S1 or before step S3, but in view of facilitating the process implementation, step S0 is generally performed before step S1.
Further, step S0 may specifically include:
and step S01, acquiring a three-dimensional forming path of the pressure-applied side of the target plate, wherein the three-dimensional forming path is a functional relation formula of the first coordinate, the second coordinate and the third coordinate.
Specifically, the target plate refers to a final plate obtained by rolling and forming a plate to be processed, which is expected to be obtained. The three-dimensional forming path is a three-dimensional route corresponding to a boundary line of a first area and a second area of the target plate. A three-dimensional coordinate system may be established with a certain point of the target sheet as an origin of coordinates, for example, the reference shape is the target sheet shown in fig. 2, and a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system may be established with the point O as the origin, the width direction of the target sheet as an x-axis, the depth direction as a y-axis, and the length direction as a z-axis. Considering that the cross-sectional shapes of different target plates are different, the three-dimensional forming path may be a functional relation with respect to the first coordinate, the second coordinate, and the third coordinate, or a functional relation related to one of the two coordinates or one of the two coordinates. In specific implementation, a mathematical model can be established according to the shape of a target plate, and then a three-dimensional forming path of the applied pressure side is extracted from the mathematical model. Wherein the first, second and third coordinates may correspond to x, y, z coordinates in a three-dimensional coordinate system.
Generally, two three-dimensional forming paths L1 and L2 (shown in fig. 2) are provided at the left and right interfaces of the first region and the second region of the target sheet material, and the corresponding rolling displacement parameters can be determined by the same method for each three-dimensional forming path. It is to be noted that the solution regarding the roll displacement parameters corresponding to the two three-dimensional forming paths L1 and L2 may be calculated in the same coordinate system, or may be calculated in different coordinate systems. For example, as shown in fig. 2, the rolling displacement parameters corresponding to L1 and L2 can be obtained by calculation in the same o-xyz coordinate system; or can be o1For the origin, another coordinate system o is established1-x1y1z1Solving the rolling displacement parameter corresponding to the forming path L1 in an o-xyz coordinate system at o1-x1y1z1And solving the rolling displacement parameter corresponding to the forming path L2 in the coordinate system.
Step S02, projecting the three-dimensional forming path to a first plane and a second plane respectively to obtain a first function and a second function, where the first function is a functional relation between the first coordinate and the third coordinate, and the second function is a functional relation between the second coordinate and the third coordinate.
That is, the first plane is a plane formed by the first coordinate and the third coordinate, and the second plane is a plane formed by the second coordinate and the third coordinate, and the first plane and the second plane are perpendicular to each other. Taking the first coordinate, the second coordinate and the third coordinate as x, y and z in a three-dimensional coordinate system as an example, the three-dimensional forming path is f (x, y and z) is 0, the first plane is xoz plane, the second plane is yoz plane, the three-dimensional forming path f (x, y and z) is 0 projected to the first plane, the second coordinate is zero, and a first function x (z) is obtained, namely f (x,0 and z) is 0, namely the first function is only a function related to the first coordinate and/or the third coordinate and is independent of the second coordinate; accordingly, projecting the three-dimensional shaping path onto a second plane with the first coordinate being zero, a second function y (z) can be obtained, i.e. with f (0, y, z) being 0, the second function being a function only with respect to the second coordinate and/or the third coordinate, independently of the first coordinate.
It is noted that the forming path is determined by the geometry of the part, which is a spatially continuous curve. In specific implementation, in order to control the mechanical arm to roll the sheet to form a track, the forming path must be quantized and then input into a control module, so that the control module can precisely roll the sheet to deform by controlling the mechanical arm. Specifically, the continuous curve can be projected on a y-z plane and an x-z plane respectively, so that the curves of the three-dimensional space are mapped on a two-dimensional plane respectively, then parameters such as curve coordinates on the x-z plane and the y-z plane can be input to the control module respectively, the control module integrates information of the two planes to the mechanical arm to send out an instruction, and the action of the mechanical arm is controlled to form the plate. Since the displacement is a vector, the sum of the x-z plane and y-z plane displacements is the displacement in three dimensions.
And step S03, performing first derivation on the first function and the second function respectively in relation to the third coordinate to obtain a first derivative and a second derivative.
As shown in fig. 9, the movement of the forming roll from one end of the part to the other is a forming pass in which the axis of the forming roll is always perpendicular to the tangent of the path. Namely, when the forming roller moves to be a straight line, the forming roller only needs to adjust the coordinate displacement; while in the forming of the arc, the forming roll not only makes a rigid movement of displacement, but also must be constantly adjusted in advance, i.e. the deflection angle of the forming roll, in order to adapt to the change in radian, and in particular, because the first function is the projection of the three-dimensional forming path of the forming roll on the first plane, i.e. the functional relation of the first function with respect to the first coordinate (for example x) and the third coordinate (for example z), the rotation of the forming roll in the yoz plane (i.e. the forming roll)Rotation about the x-axis) may be derived once from the third coordinate by a first function, i.e. a first derivative x 'of the rotation of the forming roll in the yoz plane with x (z) and once for z'z(z); similarly, the second function is a projection of the three-dimensional forming path of the forming roller on a second plane, i.e. the second function is a functional relation between a second coordinate (taking y as an example) and a third coordinate, and the rotation angle of the forming roller in the xoz plane (i.e. the rotation angle of the forming roller around the y-axis) can be obtained by once deriving the third coordinate by the second function, i.e. the rotation angle of the forming roller in the xoz plane is y (z) and obtaining a second derivative y 'by once deriving z'z(z)。
Step S04, obtaining rolling displacement parameters according to the first function, the second function, the first derivative and the second derivative third function; and the third function is a relation between the movement displacement of the sheet material along the length direction and time. Specifically, the relation of the third function may be
z＝Vt (0)
Wherein z represents the displacement of the sheet in the length direction, V represents the moving speed of the sheet in the length direction, and t represents time.
Further, the preset rolling displacement parameters may include a first coordinate parameter, a second coordinate parameter, a first angle parameter, and a second angle parameter; the first coordinate parameter and the first angle parameter are both parameters related to a first coordinate and time, and the first coordinate parameter can be obtained by solving an equation set formed by a first function and a third function; the first angle parameter can be obtained by solving an equation system formed by the first derivative and the third function; the second coordinate parameter and the second angle parameter are both parameters relating to the second coordinate and time, the second coordinate parameter may be obtained by solving an equation set formed by a second function and a third function, and the second angle parameter may be obtained by solving an equation set formed by a second derivative and the third function.
Also taking the target slab as shown in fig. 2 as an example, if the three-dimensional forming path L1 on the left side is a functional expression
The right three-dimensional forming path L2 has a functional formula
x2+y2+xz+yz-z2＝0 (2)
For example, if the speed of the sheet moving along the length direction is 1, the third function is z ═ t (0-1)
Projecting L1 to the xoz plane, respectively, yields a first function:
x＝0 (3)
projecting L1 to the yoz plane, respectively, yields a second function:
first derivatives are obtained for the first function and the second function, respectively, with respect to the third coordinate, i.e. first derivatives are obtained for equations (3) and (4), respectively, with respect to z, such that the first derivatives are:
x’＝0 (3-1)
second derivative:
2z·z'+y’·z'-2＝0(0≤z≤9)，y’＝0(z≥9) (4-1)
combining the first function, the second function, the first derivative, the second derivative and the third function to form an equation set, wherein when z is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 9, the equation set is as follows:
when z is more than or equal to 9, the equation system is as follows:
solving the equation set to obtain a first coordinate parameter xL0; the second coordinate parameter is yL＝2t-t2(0≤t≤9)，yL-63 (t.gtoreq.9); the first angle parameter is α ═ x ═ 0; the second angle parameter is beta ═ y'＝2-2t(0≤t≤9)，β＝y’＝0(t≥9)。
Similarly, the same idea can be used to determine the first coordinate parameter corresponding to the right three-dimensional forming path L2 as
The second coordinate parameter is
And corresponding first and second angle parameters.
Therefore, according to the change of time, the coordinate values of corresponding points on the left side and the right side and the rotation angle of the forming roller can be obtained, namely, the fact that the pressure is applied to corresponding positions on the left side and the right side of the second area at corresponding time points means that corresponding deformation is generated can be achieved, and therefore the target plate material with the variable cross section is obtained.
Furthermore, the pressure applied to the second region according to the preset rolling displacement parameter may be performed in multiple passes or in a single pass. The multi-pass operation refers to that the same processing technology is arranged along the length direction of the movement of the plate, each processing technology applies pressure to a second area of the plate to deform, the final target deformation is achieved, rolling displacement parameters of the multi-pass operation are approximately the same except that the starting time of the rolling displacement parameters is slightly different, and specifically, in two adjacent passes, the time difference between the starting time of the next pass operation and the ending time of the previous pass operation is the ratio of the distance between the two passes to the movement speed of the plate along the length direction. Alternatively, the single-pass operation includes a forward-sequence operation and a reverse-sequence operation, and when the pressing force applied to the second region according to the preset rolling displacement parameter is the single-pass operation, the forming path of the reverse-sequence operation is a reverse path of the forming path of the forward-sequence operation.
It is worth noting that the key of the rolling process is that accurate forming of parts can be achieved only by matching the moving speed of the sheet along the length direction with the rolling displacement in each rolling pass. The pressing module can be used for applying pressure to the first area to press the first area, the pressed first area is fixed to the profile of the part in the depth direction, then the forming roller can be used for bending two sides of the second area of the plate material upwards successively until the shape of the part is formed, and the relative track of the forming roller and the second area part is the edge line of the upper die and the lower die. From the relative movement point of view, assuming that the first region of the sheet pressed by the pressing module is stationary (actually advancing at a constant speed), the forming path of each pass of the forming roller is spatially consistent with the edge line, and the forming roller must move relative to the sheet as an advancing path according to the contour line of the bottom edge of the part, including position change and angle change.
The sheet rolling process provided by the invention is to bend the material to the shape of a part through multi-pass transverse bending. The forming roller of the sheet rolling process can move along the shape of a part in any forming pass, so that the purpose of rolling and forming the variable-section part is achieved.
The sheet rolling process provided by the invention can realize the deformation change of the high-strength metal part in the depth direction and the width direction, so that the geometric shape of the part is more flexible, and the requirement of light weight of an automobile is met.
Correspondingly, as shown in fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a sheet rolling apparatus, including:
the pressing module 1 is used for fixing a first area of a plate material and applying pressure to the first area so as to enable the first area to generate a first preset deformation at least in the depth direction (shown in the Y direction in fig. 3);
the material conveying module 2 bears the material pressing module 1 and is used for driving the material pressing module 1 and a first area fixed on the material pressing module 1 to move along the length direction (shown in the Z direction in fig. 3);
at least one group of rolling modules 4, configured to apply pressure to the second region according to a preset rolling displacement parameter in a process that the sheet material moves in the length direction, so that the second region generates a second preset deformation in the width direction (shown in the X direction in fig. 5) and/or the depth direction; wherein the length direction, the width direction and the depth direction are mutually perpendicular.
Specifically, the pressing module 1 and the material conveying module 2 can be arranged on a rack, and the material conveying module 2 supports the pressing module 1 to move along the length direction; the sheet material rolling device also comprises a rail groove which extends along the length direction, and the material conveying module 2 moves on the rail groove. The number of the rolling modules in each group of rolling modules 4 can be two, the rolling modules are distributed on two sides of the rail groove, the left side and the right side of the rail groove are in a group, the rolling modules are called a forming pass in work, a plurality of groups of rolling modules 4 can be arranged as required, and the rolling modules are arranged on two sides of the rail groove at equal intervals.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the swaging module 1 may include a beam 13, a power rod 14, an upper die 11, and a lower die 12. The beam 13 is fixed on the material conveying module 2, and further, the beam 13 can be loaded in the middle position of the material conveying module 2; the power rod 14 is fixed on the cross beam 13, and the power rod 14 is connected with the upper die 11 and used for driving the upper die 11 to move along the depth direction so as to enable the upper die 11 and the lower die 12 to be matched; the upper die 11 and the lower die 12 are arranged in the depth direction, the upper die 11 can move in the depth direction to enable the upper die 11 and the lower die 12 to be matched so as to fix the first area, and pressure is applied to the first area so that the first area generates a first preset deformation at least in the depth direction; the lower die 12 is supported on the material conveying module 2, and the material conveying module 2 can drive the lower die 12, the power rod 14, the upper die 11 connected with the power rod 14 and the plate fixed between the upper die 11 and the lower die 12 to move along the length direction. Optionally, the upper die 11 may be removably attached to the power rod 14 and/or the lower die 12 may be removably attached to the delivery module 2 to facilitate cleaning and replacement of the upper and lower dies during production.
The material conveying module 2 comprises a conveying vehicle integrated with the material pressing module 1, and a screw rod 22 and a rail groove which are used as rails. The conveying vehicle is sleeved on the lead screw 22 and driven by the motor 21 to move on the lead screw 22, and the lower part of the conveying vehicle is provided with a small wheel which can roll in a rail groove which plays a role in auxiliary supporting and guiding.
Specifically, the feeding module 2 and the pressing module 1 may be formed as a whole, and the feeding module 2 holds the pressing module 1 and moves around the screw rod 22. The power rods 14 in the pressing module 1 may be hydraulic rods arranged in a row along the length direction, the hydraulic rods carry the upper die 11, and when the upper and lower dies are closed, the hydraulic rods provide a closing pressure for the upper die 11, so that the variable cross-section forming of the part at least in the depth direction can be realized. When the device is specifically implemented, the die surfaces of the upper die 11 and the lower die 12 are designed according to parts to be formed, and the upper die and the lower die can be freely assembled and disassembled on the modules, so that when parts with different variable cross sections are formed, only the original upper die and the original lower die need to be replaced, other modules can be continuously utilized, the applicability of the device is improved, and the cost is saved to a certain extent. And the upper die 11 and the lower die 12 are detachably connected, so that the operation is simple and convenient during replacement, and the working efficiency is further improved. Optionally, for more convenient detachment of the upper mold 11, a connector may be fixed to an end of the power rod 14 facing the upper mold 11, and the upper mold 11 may be detachably connected to the connector.
Referring to fig. 6, the roll module 4 may include a power unit 41, a first robot arm 42, a forming roll 43, and a roll bracket 44. The power unit 41 provides power for the first robot arm 42; one end of the first robot arm 42 is connected to the power unit 41, and the other end thereof fixes the roller bracket 44; the forming roller 43 is connected to a roller carriage 44. The power unit 41 is configured to drive the first robot arm 42 to drive the forming roller 43 to move according to a preset rolling displacement parameter, and the forming roller 43 is configured to apply pressure to the second region under the drive of the first robot arm 42 so as to generate a second preset deformation in the width direction and/or the depth direction of the second region. Alternatively, the rolling module 4 may further include a base fixed to the ground, and the power unit 41 may be provided on the base.
Specifically, the roller bracket 44 may serve to support the forming roller 43, and the forming roller 43 may be fixed to the roller bracket 44 by bolts, which may facilitate assembly of the forming roller 43 having different structures. The first mechanical arm 42 may be composed of multiple sets of hydraulic rods, and the motion of the first mechanical arm is realized by the extension and contraction of the hydraulic rods, specifically, the first mechanical arm 42 has 5 degrees of freedom in directions, namely two linear displacements (x axis and y axis) and three rotational displacements (x axis rotation, y axis rotation and z axis rotation), and the 5-minute displacements can be combined in real time to realize complex displacement motion. The power unit 41 may power hydraulic levers to effect movement of the first robotic arm 42.
In practical implementation, the forming roller 43 in the rolling module 4 is similar to conventional rolling, and the lateral bending of the sheet is realized by contacting the sheet with the edge region of the autorotation forming roller, and the structure of the forming roller 43 can be designed into different structures according to the shapes of required parts. For example, the forming roller 43 may have a structure as shown in fig. 7, and includes an upper roller 431 and a lower roller 432, wherein the upper roller 431 and the lower roller 432 are both connected to the roller bracket 44, and a gap is formed between the upper roller 431 and the lower roller 432 for fixing the second region, and the upper roller 431 and the lower roller 432 may apply a pressure to the second region according to a preset rolling displacement parameter by the first robot arm 42. Alternatively, the forming roller 43 may be configured as shown in fig. 8, and the forming roller 43 is a single cylindrical roller, and applies pressure to the second region by using the edge of the roller according to the preset rolling displacement parameter under the driving of the first robot arm 42.
Optionally, referring to fig. 3, the sheet rolling apparatus may further include a control module 5, connected to the rolling module 4, for controlling the rolling module 4 to apply pressure to the second area according to a preset rolling displacement parameter. Specifically, in order to control the rolling forming track of the first mechanical arm 42 in the rolling module 4 to the sheet, the forming path must be quantized (i.e. the three-dimensional forming path is changed into a two-dimensional rolling displacement parameter) before the control module 5 performs the path control, so that the control module 5 can control the first mechanical arm 42 to realize the accurate rolling of the sheet deformation. That is, the rolling displacement parameters are stored in the control module 5, and the control module 5 integrates the rolling displacement parameter information of the two-dimensional planes and then sends an instruction to the first mechanical arm 42 to control the action of the first mechanical arm 42 so as to perform the forming operation on the sheet material.
Further, the control module 5 can be connected to the feeding module 2 for controlling the movement of the feeding module 2.
Specifically, the control module 5 can control the movement of each module, and through programming unified scheduling, the movement of the power rod 14 for driving the upper die 11, the movement of the delivery wagon for the delivery module 2 and the movement of the rolling module 4 in five degrees of freedom are included, and the control module can perform the movement under the condition of unified time sequenceAnd (5) controlling. It should be noted that the motions of the first and second robot arms must be matched with the motions of the transport module 2, that is, the motions must be controlled on a uniform time axis, so that the control module 5 can perform coordinated control on the modules. The processing of the sheet forming path and the forward signal of the conveying module may specifically be: the three-dimensional forming path curve is projected to an x-z plane and a y-z plane respectively to obtain components of the curve on the x-z plane and the y-z plane, namely functions of x and y about a z axis are obtained and expressed as x (z) and y (z) functions, meanwhile, the speed of the plate in the length direction (namely the speed along the z axis) is input through a control module 5, the control parameter is the function of the displacement of a material conveying module 2 in the length direction (namely the displacement of the plate along the z axis) and time t, namely z (t), the conveying speed of the plate is generally a fixed value V, and therefore the function of z (t) is linear and expressed as z (t) being Vt. X (z), y (z), x'z(z) and y'z(z) is respectively solved with z (t) in a joint mode, so that the curve coordinates and angle parameters x (t), y (t), alpha (t) and beta (t) of the forming rollers in xoz planes and yoz planes can be obtained, and function signals of x (t), y (t), alpha (t) and beta (t) are input to a control module, so that the control of the mechanical arm can be completed on the same time axis, the bending angles of parts in each pass can be consistent, and the mechanical arm moves along a preset route to form the final shape of the plate.
The sheet material rolling device provided by the invention inherits the advantages of the traditional rolling forming, has high metal strength and low requirement on the tonnage of equipment, and can flexibly arrange the number of rolling modules according to the actual condition. Because the material conveying module can reciprocate along the length direction, even one set of rolling module can realize multi-pass rolling forming, and certainly, in order to improve the production efficiency, a plurality of sets of rolling modules can be configured for assembly line operation. In addition, the device has strong applicability, a set of forming roll dies can form parts with various geometric shapes, the forming rolls are not required to be frequently replaced, and a set of dies is not required to be arranged on one part like stamping, so that the cost of production equipment is reduced.
The foregoing is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it would be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and enhancements can be made without departing from the principles of the invention, and such modifications and enhancements are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (14)
1. The sheet rolling process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
applying pressure to a first area of the plate material to enable the first area to generate first preset deformation at least in the depth direction;
applying a driving force to a first area of the plate material to enable the plate material to move along the length direction;
in the process that the sheet material moves along the length direction, applying pressure to a second area of the sheet material according to preset rolling displacement parameters to enable the second area to generate second preset deformation in the width direction and/or the depth direction; wherein the width direction, the depth direction, and the length direction are perpendicular to each other.
2. The process of claim 1, further comprising: and determining the preset rolling displacement parameter.
3. The process according to claim 2, wherein the method of determining the preset rolling displacement parameter comprises:
acquiring a three-dimensional forming path of a pressure-applied side of a target plate, wherein the three-dimensional forming path is a functional relation of a first coordinate and/or a second coordinate and/or a third coordinate;
projecting the three-dimensional forming path to a first plane and a second plane respectively to obtain a first function and a second function, wherein the first function is a functional relation between the first coordinate and the third coordinate, and the second function is a functional relation between the second coordinate and the third coordinate;
performing first derivation on the first function and the second function respectively with respect to the third coordinate to obtain a first derivative and a second derivative;
obtaining rolling displacement parameters according to the first function, the second function, the first derivative, the second derivative and the third function; and the third function is a relation between the movement displacement of the sheet material along the length direction and time.
4. The process according to claim 3, wherein the preset rolling displacement parameters comprise a first coordinate parameter, a second coordinate parameter, a first angle parameter and a second angle parameter; wherein the first coordinate parameter is a parameter between the first coordinate and time, and is obtained by solving an equation system formed by the first function and the third function; the first angle parameter is a parameter between the first coordinate and time, and is obtained by solving an equation system formed by the first derivative and the third function; the second coordinate parameter is a parameter between the second coordinate and time, and is obtained by solving an equation system formed by the second function and the third function; the second angle parameter is a parameter between the second coordinate and time, and is obtained by solving an equation system formed by the second derivative and the third function.
5. The process according to claim 1, wherein said applying pressure to said second region according to preset rolling displacement parameters is a multi-pass operation.
6. The process according to claim 1, wherein said applying pressure to said second zone according to preset rolling displacement parameters is a single pass operation comprising a forward sequence operation and a reverse sequence operation, wherein said reverse sequence forming path is a reverse path of said forward sequence forming path.
7. A sheet material rolling device is characterized by comprising:
the pressing module is used for applying pressure to a first area of the plate material so as to enable the first area to generate first preset deformation at least in the depth direction;
the material conveying module bears the material pressing module and is used for driving the material pressing module and the first area fixed on the material pressing module to move along the length direction;
the rolling modules are used for applying pressure to a second area of the plate according to preset rolling displacement parameters in the process that the plate moves along the length direction so as to enable the second area to generate second preset deformation in the width direction and/or the depth direction; wherein the length direction, the width direction, and the depth direction are perpendicular to each other.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the pressing module comprises: the beam and the power rod are fixed on the material conveying module, and the upper die and the lower die are arranged along the depth direction; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the upper die can move along the depth direction to be matched with the lower die to fix the first area, and pressure is applied to the first area to enable the first area to generate the first preset deformation at least in the depth direction;
the power rod is fixed on the cross beam, connected with the upper die and used for driving the upper die to move along the depth direction so as to enable the upper die and the lower die to be matched;
the lower die is borne on the material conveying module, and the material conveying module is used for driving the lower die and the power rod to move along the length direction.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein a connector is secured to an end of the power rod facing the upper die, the upper die being removably connected to the connector.
10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein said power rod is detachably connected to said upper mold and/or said lower mold is detachably connected to said feeding module.
11. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the roller module comprises:
a power unit;
one end of the first mechanical arm is connected with the power unit, and the other end of the first mechanical arm is fixed with the roller bracket;
a forming roll connected to the roll holder;
the power unit provides power for the first mechanical arm, and is used for driving the first mechanical arm to drive the forming roller to move according to the preset rolling displacement parameter, and the forming roller is used for applying pressure to the second area so as to enable the second area to generate second preset deformation in the width direction and/or the depth direction.
12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the forming roll comprises: the upper roll and the lower roll are connected to the roll bracket, a gap is formed between the upper roll and the lower roll and used for fixing the second area, and the upper roll and the lower roll apply pressure to the second area according to preset rolling displacement parameters.
13. The apparatus of claim 7, further comprising: and the control module is connected with the rolling module and used for controlling the rolling module to apply pressure to the second area according to preset rolling displacement parameters.
14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein said control module is connected to said delivery module for controlling movement of said delivery module along said length.
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