CN1075435A - Processing method for curved shell plate - Google Patents
Processing method for curved shell plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN1075435A CN1075435A CN 92100909 CN92100909A CN1075435A CN 1075435 A CN1075435 A CN 1075435A CN 92100909 CN92100909 CN 92100909 CN 92100909 A CN92100909 A CN 92100909A CN 1075435 A CN1075435 A CN 1075435A
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- building mortion
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Abstract
Curved shell plate often is used to form various storage tanks and top, house in petrochemical industry, metallurgy and building trade.The method of processing curve coverboard has pressing, rolling process and spinning method at present.Pressing, rolling process need large mold, and the spinning method is limited to the processing of the curved shell plate of closed circular perimeter.The present invention adopts the slab that plate is cut into definite shape, it is produced move back and forth.Realize the continuous and local moulding of curved shell plate in this process, do not need large mold, the curved shell plate that not only can be used for processing the full circle perimeter also can be used for processing the curved shell plate of non-full circle perimeter.
Description
A kind of Sheet Metal Processing method
The present invention relates to a kind of method of utilizing the continuous and local shaping Sheet Metal Processing to be become curved shell plate.
In petrochemical industry, metallurgy and building trade, curved shell plate is usually used in making various storage tanks, and as spherical storage tank, cylindrical oil tank, and building structure are as the roof, house.In addition, they also are used to make large-scale receiving paraboloid.The processing method of curved shell plate mainly contains three kinds at present, i.e. pressing, rolling process and spinning method.
Pressing is that plate is placed on the mould, with the forcing press pressurization coverboard is shaped, and this processing method needs large pressing machine and expensive mould.Large-scale storage tank generally is a single-piece, and therefore small lot batch manufacture is adapted to produce in enormous quantities the huge contradiction of generation with press mold processing plate, consequently uneconomical economically.
Rolling process is that plate is passed through by several raceways to forming between spill roller and convex roller, and one stroke is finished the shaping of curved shell plate.When this method was used for the processing curve coverboard, the length of forming rolls needed the width greater than plate, and therefore the curved shell plate width of processing is subjected to the restriction of roller rigidity.The Breadth Maximum of roll extrusion at present is 2100 millimeters.Often there is local ripple at the edge of the curved shell plate behind the rolling forming, needs follow-up trimming to carry out shaping.Publish nineteen ninety referring to building industry publishing house, Wang Jialin edits " spherical storage tank building technology " P88～90.
No matter be pressing or rolling process, when the processing curve coverboard, all there is the expensive large mold of needs, (seaming roll of rolling process also is a mould) and the many kinds of curved shell plate, the contradiction of small lot batch manufacture.
The spinning method is a kind of continuous and local manufacturing process, though do not need large mold, only is suitable for processing the curved shell plate with closed circular perimeter.Published " rotary pressure technology " of work such as king Cheng He in 1986 referring to China Machine Press.
For a long time, people attempt to seek a kind of small lot that is applicable to always, and many kinds processing curve coverboard does not need large mold, and only needs inexpensive frock, widely applicable processing method.
The objective of the invention is to overcome pressing and the rolling process processing technology needs large mold, do not fit into many kinds, the deficiency of small lot batch manufacture.The spinning method can only be processed the restriction of the curved shell plate of closed circular perimeter, a kind of specification and size when changing when curved shell plate is provided, only need to change the shaping that several very little parts just can be realized curved shell plate, the curved shell plate that not only is suitable for processing the closed circular perimeter also is suitable for processing on-circular boundary surface coverboard, as the flexible processing method of strip curved shell plate.
Several the measures of narrating below all can realize purpose of the present invention.
1) plate that will have a plastic deformation ability cuts into the slab of definite shape, place then be installed on the same fuselage by roller or its analog that can back and forth rotate around self axis, a plurality of rollers that maybe can back and forth rotate around same axis as single roller etc. are in the clamping device and building mortion of composition.Clamping device plays the straightway of folder, then slab moves reciprocatingly and is subjected to the cylinder coverboard of part for opening up after the building mortion bending process, if preceding a kind of track is that then a kind of track of curve also is a curve, then slab is subjected to the curved shell plate of part for opening up after the bending process of building mortion roller.
3. method according to claim 1, clamping device and building mortion are installed on same fuselage, for clamping device, two niprolls and both sides roller are respectively with two cover transmission device transmissions up and down, fan-shaped slab is positioned in the clamping device and is subjected to roller flecition generation local plastic deformation, on, following niproll drives big mouthful of slab, the osculum of the moving slab of limit roller strap, suitable adjustment by transmission device make big mouthful and osculum to move back and forth angular speed the same, make the slab part of each roller contact of clamping device after handling, become conical surface coverboard through each bending, each roller of clamping device clamps slab and drives slab and does stable moving back and forth then, for building mortion, adjusting each roller position makes them contact with slab and the power that applies makes the plastic deformation that bends of the part of slab between the building mortion roller, when each roller turns round in the building mortion, do reciprocal moving with the roller driven in synchronism slab of clamping device, if slab is parked in the arbitrary position in the process of moving back and forth, at each roller of building mortion in slab edge moving process, contact point between forming rolls and spinning roller and the slab will be described out track in the plane that clamping device two niproll axis are determined on slab, if this track is the straightway on the straight line of conical shell surfaces externally and internally bus place under the clamping device niproll, then slab is at clamping device, when reciprocatingly moving under the building mortion roller driven in synchronism, be subjected to part after each bending of building mortion is handled for can open up conical surface coverboard, if this track is a curve, then slab is at clamping device, and being subjected to the part after each bending of building mortion is handled in the process that reciprocatingly moves under the building mortion roller driven in synchronism is the curved shell plate that can not open up.
4. according to the method described in the claim 1, clamping device and building mortion are installed on same fuselage, clamping device can be around the reciprocal disk-like object of rotating of dead axle by two, promptly two clamping disks are formed, slab places, clamp in the following clamping disk, but building mortion is by the forming rolls that is positioned at the slab top of reciprocating rotating, be positioned at the spinning roller of slab below and be distributed in forming rolls and the both sides roller composition of the slab part below of both sides, spinning roller front and back, the relative spinning roller of forming rolls certain distance that staggers, the axis of rotation coplane of two clamping disks of the axis of rotation of forming rolls and spinning roller and clamping device, the revolution of clamping device clamping disk, the revolution of building mortion roller, mobile (change of direction and position) of the gyroaxis of clamping disk and roller and adjustment employing machinery-electric, pneumatic or full hydraulic drive, adjustment clamping device clamping disk makes it clamp slab and drives slab does reciprocal dead axle swing, contact with slab after the adjustment of building mortion roller, spinning roller pushes slab to forming rolls, make the flexural deformation in slab generation forming rolls and the plane, spinning roller axis place, limit roller and forming rolls, the spinning roller cooperation applies power to slab makes slab produce flexural deformation in another plane, thereby the part generation local buckling distortion of slab in building mortion, the clamping disk driven in synchronism slab of reciprocal forward and reverse when revolution of building mortion roller and clamping device is around the dead axle reciprocally swinging, or the building mortion roller drives slab separately and does dead axle swing around the clamping disk axis of rotation, clamping disk only plays clamping action, the building mortion roller moves to the outward flange of slab simultaneously, the relative position of each roller of building mortion is done the shaping device according to the needs that curved shell plate different parts curvature changes, adjusting each roller position makes them contact with slab and the power that applies makes slab occur bending and deformation with the part that the building mortion roller contacts, be set as each roller of shape device and be parked in their arbitrary positions in slab edge moving process, when then slab moves reciprocatingly, contact point between roller and the slab will be described out track in the plane perpendicular to clamping device roll axis direction on slab, establish slab equally and be parked in arbitrary position in the reciprocating motion process, and each roller of shaping device moves to the slab edge, contact point between roller and the slab will be described out track in the plane that clamping device two niproll axis are determined on slab, if preceding a kind of track is a straightway, a kind of track in back is that curve or preceding a kind of track are that then a kind of track of curve is the straightway that is parallel to clamping device niproll axis, then slab moves reciprocatingly and is subjected to the cylinder coverboard of part for opening up after the building mortion bending process, if preceding a kind of track is that then a kind of track of curve also is a curve, then slab is subjected to the curved shell plate of part for opening up after the bending process of building mortion roller.If all parts or the clamping device of slab, the part that building mortion does not touch needs building mortion processing to handle the shape and size that just can be configured as requirement, then after the slab that building mortion touches is partially-formed, the position that the part that the position that changes slab makes needs processing places building mortion to be worked into, the roller that the curve form that obtains after each roller of clamping device changes profile into and handles through each bending of building mortion matches or remain unchanged (if the part under the clamping device does not need building mortion processing), each roll axis position of clamping device obtains adjusting and makes each roller and the curved shell plate that is shaped will be subjected to retained part to contact and apply power clamping slab, the roller driven in synchronism slab of each roller of clamping device and building mortion moves reciprocatingly then, the part that building mortion processing waits to process reaches requirement up to the shape and size of this part.
3) according to 1) described in method, for the clamping device and the building mortion that are installed on the same fuselage, in clamping device, two niprolls and both sides roller are respectively with two cover transmission device transmissions up and down, fan-shaped slab is positioned in the clamping device and is subjected to roller flecition generation local plastic deformation, on, following niproll drives big mouthful of slab, the osculum of the moving slab of limit roller strap, suitable speed governing by transmission device make big mouthful and osculum to move back and forth angular speed the same, make the slab part of each roller contact of clamping device after handling, become conical surface coverboard through each bending, each roller of clamping device clamps slab and drives slab and does reciprocal moving then, on guaranteeing, following niproll fully contacts with slab, and the niproll profile can be with certain tapering.In building mortion, adjust each roller position and they are contacted and the power that applies makes the plastic deformation that bends of the part of slab under the building mortion roller with slab.When each roller turns round in the building mortion, do reciprocal moving with the roller driven in synchronism slab of clamping device.If slab is parked in the arbitrary position in the process of moving back and forth, at each roller of building mortion in slab edge moving process, contact point between forming rolls and spinning roller and the slab will the plane that clamping device two niproll axis are determined on slab in (forming rolls of building mortion and spinning roller axis are also in this plane) track is described out, if this track is the straightway on the straight line of conical shell surfaces externally and internally bus place under the clamping device niproll, then slab is at clamping device, when reciprocatingly moving under the building mortion roller driven in synchronism, be subjected to part after each bending of building mortion is handled for can open up conical surface coverboard, if this track is a curve, then slab is at clamping device, and being subjected to the part after each bending of building mortion is handled in the process that reciprocatingly moves under the building mortion roller driven in synchronism is the curved shell plate that can not open up.If all parts or the clamping device of slab, the part that building mortion does not touch needs building mortion processing to handle the shape and size that just can be configured as requirement, then after the slab that building mortion touches is partially-formed, the position that the part that the position that changes slab makes needs processing places building mortion to be worked into, each roller of clamping device changes roller or remain unchanged (if clamping device part does not down need building mortion to process) that the curve form that obtains after profile and each roller of building mortion are handled plate bending matches into, each roll axis position of clamping device obtains adjusting and makes each roller contacted by retained part with the curved shell plate that is shaped and apply power clamping slab, roller driven in synchronism slab with building mortion moves reciprocatingly then, the part that building mortion processing waits to process reaches requirement up to the shape and size of this part.
4) according to 1) described in method, for the clamping device and the building mortion that are installed on the same fuselage, clamping device can be by two disk-like object of back and forth rotating around dead axle, promptly two clamping disks are formed.Slab places upper and lower clamping disk to clamp.But building mortion is by the forming rolls that is positioned at slab top of reciprocating rotating, be positioned at the spinning roller of slab below and be distributed in forming rolls and spinning roller before and after the both sides roller of slab part below of both sides form the relative spinning roller of forming rolls certain distance that staggers.Forming rolls, the revolution of spinning roller and clamping device clamping disk, mobile (change of direction and position) of roller and clamping disk gyroaxis and adjustment employing machinery-electric, pneumatic or full hydraulic drive.Adjustment clamping device clamping disk(-sc) makes it clamp slab and drives slab does reciprocal dead axle swing.Contact with slab after the adjustment of building mortion roller and slab is applied power, spinning roller pushes slab to forming rolls, spinning roller, the clamping disk cooperation of forming rolls and clamping slab applies moment of flexure to slab, make the flexural deformation in slab generation forming rolls and the plane, spinning roller axis place, the axis of rotation coplane of two clamping disks of the axis of rotation of forming rolls and spinning roller and clamping device, limit roller and forming rolls, the spinning roller cooperation applies moment of flexure to slab makes slab produce the local buckling distortion in another plane, thereby the part of slab in building mortion occurs bending and deformation, the clamping disk driven in synchronism slab of reciprocal forward and reverse when revolution of building mortion roller and clamping device is around the dead axle reciprocally swinging, or the building mortion roller drives slab separately and does dead axle swing, clamping disk only plays clamping action, the building mortion roller moves to the outward flange of slab simultaneously, the relative position of each roller of building mortion adjusts accordingly according to the needs of the variation of the different position curvature of curved shell plate, and the plastic zone constantly enlarges in this process.At forming rolls, in the axis of rotation of spinning roller and the plane that axis of rotation determined of clamping disk, if each roller of building mortion contacts with slab, the track of contact point is a straight line on the slab, then slab becomes the circular cone coverboard that can open up after building mortion roller bending machining is handled, if track is a curve, then become the curved shell plate that to open up.
5) according to 1), 2), 3) or 4) described in method, being provided with in building mortion can be around the counter-pressure cylinder of self axis reciprocating rotating.The axis of rotation coplane of the axis of rotation of this roller and forming rolls and spinning roller.Counter-pressure cylinder is positioned at the slab below, close spinning roller between the spinning roller of building mortion and the clamping device, so that when shaping device during away from the pinching end of clamping device niproll, counter-pressure cylinder, forming rolls and spinning roller cooperation apply moment of flexure to slab, make slab determine to produce in the plane local buckling at forming rolls and spinning roller axis, mobile (change of direction and position) of counter-pressure cylinder gyroaxis and adjustment employing machinery-electric, pneumatic or full hydraulic drive.
6) according to 1), 2), 3) or 4) described in method, in building mortion, can above the slab part of both sides before and after forming rolls and the spinning roller, a limit roller be set respectively, or below the slab part of both sides before and after forming rolls and the spinning roller, respectively set up a roller, and be positioned at the right of existing limit roller, or both of these case occurs simultaneously in building mortion, to strengthen the local buckling effect that building mortion partly produces therebetween slab and to guarantee that the slab edge also can be configured as desired curved shell plate part.Mobile (change of direction and position) of the axis of rotation of roller and adjustment employing machinery-electric, pneumatic or full hydraulic drive.
7) according to 1) described in method, can make the lateral surface bus arc shape and the curved shell plate upper surface of the forming rolls of building mortion determine the arc shape in the plane to match at forming rolls and spinning roller, for example, if the arc shape of upper surface in this plane of curved shell plate is the circular arc of a certain radius, then the lateral surface bus arc shape of forming rolls is got the circular arc of same radius, and the length that the length of bus arc allocates the camber line in the face more than or equal to the forming rolls and the spinning roller of curved shell plate upper surface on the clamping device right side, in forming process, forming rolls is only done gyration, and its axis of rotation does not move, and other roller still is engaged in the shaping that realizes curved shell plate in the outer peripheral process of shifting to slab with forming rolls in slab reciprocating motion process.
8) according to 1), 2), 3) or 4) described in method, when the big so that insufficient rigidity of the curved shell plate part after being shaped of the curved shell plate size of required processing when guaranteeing when it moves reciprocatingly, plastic deformation not to take place, can be provided with by roller or its analog, as roller etc., the curved shell plate part that the bearing bracket of composition has been shaped, make when building mortion processing slab other parts, plastic deformation does not take place in the curved shell plate part that has been shaped.
9) according to 1), 2) or 3) described in method, when the radius of curvature of the curved shell plate of need processing less, be processed into the required deflection of curved shell plate when big by the plane slab, whole slab can be given on common bent plate equipment, curving the curved shell plate (as cylinder coverboard or conical surface coverboard) that to open up earlier, be placed on then and be processed into the curved shell plate that to open up in clamping device and the building mortion.
10) according to 1), 2), 3) or 4) described in method, when the radius of curvature of the curved shell plate of need processing less, be processed into the big so that building mortion of the required deflection of curved shell plate in a passage (when slab moves back and forth by the plane slab, each roller of building mortion is called a passage from the process that initial position moves on to the slab transverse edge) when being difficult to make slab to be configured as the shape of needs, forming process can being divided into some passages and carrying out.Each passage reaches the certain deformation amount, and progressive forming is through obtaining final shape and size after the accumulation of several passages.
Adopting the machinable plate of the present invention can be carbon steel sheet, aluminium sheet, copper coin, and corrosion resistant plate or other have the plate of plastic deformation ability.The slab shape can be got rectangle, circle, fan-shaped or other near rectangle, circle, shape such as fan-shaped.According to the plate thickness size, the height of material plasticity can be selected cold forming, warm working or hot forming.
The present invention does further detailed description below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
The cylinder coverboard of opening wide by plane Sheet Metal Processing hoop
1, blanking: plate is cut into rectangular slab.
2, be shaped:
Fig. 1 is that slab is clamped in the schematic diagram in clamping device I and the building mortion II.Be the cross section of slab shown in the figure, arrow represents that the generable direction of motion and the roller of the supporting of rest roller can be around self axle gyratory directions.Rectangular coordinate system oxyz is used to illustrate the position of distortion and motion generation.
The niproll 2,3 of clamping device I clamps slab 1 as shown in Figure 1 at the width of slab.Remove in the clamping device outside the niproll 2,3, also have two rollers, promptly the limit roller 4,5, and the axis of each roller is parallel to each other, and the lateral surface bus of roller is a straight line.A-A section among Fig. 1 is the relative slab distribution schematic diagram of roller that dissects the slab gained with the plane that is parallel to coordinate surface yoz.Each roller is around self axis reciprocating rotating, under driving, corresponding mechanism also can move and the position adjustment, adjust roller 4,5 position, make roller 4,5 are higher than the position of roller 3 and the contact point of slab with the contacting points position of slab, and then slab produces flexural deformation in the plane that is parallel to coordinate surface yoz, and slab is clamped simultaneously.This distortion is local, and when slab moves back and forth, the local plastic district will progressively expand to the slab part that the clamping device roller can touch.The clamping device roller touch this part after each roller applies the bending process that power forms, become the cylinder coverboard.
But building mortion is by the forming rolls 6 of reciprocating rotating, counter-pressure cylinder 7, and spinning roller 8 and two are distributed in the limit rollers 9 and 10 of the slab part below of both sides before and after first three roller and form.In order to strengthen the bending effect of roller to slab, guarantee the shaping at slab edge, also can above the slab part of the both sides, front and back of forming rolls, respectively arrange a roller again.Forming rolls in the building mortion, the axis of rotation coplane of the axis of rotation of counter-pressure cylinder and spinning roller and clamping device niproll.In the plane that is parallel to coordinate surface yoz, the distribution schematic diagram of the relative slab of each roller is shown in the B-B profile among Fig. 1.
Adjust the position of limit roller, make the roller 9,10 and the contacting points position of slab be higher than the position of spinning roller and slab contact point, then slab produces flexural deformation in the plane that is parallel to coordinate surface yoz, and this distortion is local.
The forming rolls of building mortion, counter-pressure cylinder and spinning roller, the niproll of clamping device clamp slab and when reciprocating rotating the driven in synchronism slab do reciprocal translational motion, meanwhile, each roller of building mortion and the contact point of slab are shifted to the outer lateral of slab along horizontal linear, thereby the local plastic district constantly enlarges, up to spreading all over the slab various piece that each roller of building mortion can touch.After right-hand part machines, with 180 ° of slab left sides of adopting in the same step manuscript 1 of slab counter-rotating.Can obtain a cylinder coverboard at last.
The taper seat coverboard of opening wide by plane Sheet Metal Processing hoop.
1, blanking: plate is cut into fan-shaped slab, as shown in Figure 2.
2, be shaped
Slab is clamped in the clamping device III and building mortion IV shown in Figure 3.Be the drawing in side sectional elevation of slab shown in the figure, arrow represents that the generable direction of motion and the roller of the supporting of rest roller can be around self axis gyratory directions.Rectangular coordinate system oxyz is used to illustrate the position of distortion and motion generation, the planes overlapping of the upper and lower niproll axis decision of xoy plane and clamping device.
Upper and lower roll 11,12 in the clamping device can reciprocating rotating by a cover actuator drives, and limit roller 13,14 has the another set of actuator drives can reciprocating rotating.Fan-shaped slab is clamped in the clamping device III, is subjected to roller flecition generation local plastic deformation, as the C-C among Fig. 3, shown in the D-D generalized section.Upper and lower roll 11,12 drives big mouthful of slabs, and limit roller 13,14 drives the osculum of slabs, the suitable speed governing by transmission device make big mouthful and osculum to move back and forth angular speed identical.The slab of clamping device roller clamping part becomes conical surface coverboard after the bending process that the power that applies through each roller forms like this.When the roller of clamping device clamped the slab reciprocating rotating, slab will move back and forth with certain angular speed.
But building mortion is by the forming rolls 15 of reciprocating rotating, counter-pressure cylinder 16, and spinning roller 17 and the both sides roller 18,19 that is distributed in the slab part below of both sides before and after first three roller are formed.In order to strengthen roller to the bending effect of slab with guarantee the shaping at slab edge, can above the slab part of the both sides, front and back of forming rolls, respectively arrange a roller again.Forming rolls in the building mortion, the axis of rotation coplane of the axis of rotation of spinning roller and counter-pressure cylinder and clamping device niproll.The arbitrary position of each roller in shifting to slab edge process with Fig. 3 in the relative slab arrangement mode shown in the E-E generalized section slab imposed bending process make its plastic deformation that bends.
At the forming rolls of building mortion, spinning roller and counter-pressure cylinder axis of rotation allocate in the face, and spinning roller occurs bending and deformation slab to the forming rolls extruding plate under the moment of flexure effect that spinning roller forms.Forming rolls 15, counter-pressure cylinder 16, spinning roller 17, the niproll of clamping device and limit roller clamp slab and in the reciprocating rotating motion driven in synchronism slab do reciprocal moving, forming rolls, the contact point of counter-pressure cylinder and spinning roller and slab in the xoy plane along with clamping device under the straight line at bus place of Conical Shells With move to the transverse edge of slab, therefore the local plastic district constantly enlarges, when spreading all over the slab various piece that building mortion can touch, this part becomes the conical surface that can open up after handled by each bending of building mortion.After the slab right-hand part machines, with 180 ° of slab counter-rotatings, adopt similar step to shape the part that roller does not also touch, different is, this moment, the left side of clamping device each roller drove big mouthful of slab, and the right drive the osculum of slab make big mouthful and osculum to move back and forth angular speed identical.
The taper seat coverboard of opening wide by plane Sheet Metal Processing hoop.
1, blanking: plate is cut into fan-shaped slab, as shown in Figure 4.
2, be shaped.
Slab is clamped in the clamping device V and building mortion VI shown in Figure 5.Be the radial section figure of slab shown in the figure, arrow represents that the generable direction of motion of supporting of rest roller and roller can be around the gyratory directions of self axis, and rectangular coordinate system oxyz is used to the position that illustrates that distortion and motion take place.
Can be around the clamping disk 20 of dead axle swing, 21 clamp slab, the roller of building mortion clamps the part that waits to process of slab, building mortion is by can be around the forming rolls 22 of self axis reciprocating rotating, counter-pressure cylinder 23, spinning roller 24 and two limit rollers 25 that are distributed in first three both sides, roller front and back, slab below, 26 form, in order to strengthen roller to the shaping of slab at plane inner bending effect that is parallel to coordinate surface xoz and assurance slab edge, also can above the slab of the both sides of forming rolls, respectively arrange a roller again, shown in the dotted line roller among Fig. 5 midship section figure F-F.In the plane that is parallel to coordinate surface xoz, each roller of building mortion occurs bending and deformation the part of slab in building mortion, shown in Fig. 5 midship section figure F-F applying power generation moment of flexure with the slab contact position in this plane.
The forming rolls of building mortion, the axis of rotation coplane of the axis of rotation of counter-pressure cylinder and spinning roller and the niproll of clamping device, in this plane, spinning roller presses to forming rolls with slab, and slab is occured bending and deformation in this plane, when slab at clamping device, under the driving of building mortion during reciprocally swinging, each roller of building mortion moves to the slab outward flange, and the plastically deforming area constantly enlarges, up to spreading all over all parts that each roller of building mortion touches.Make the forming rolls of building mortion, counter-pressure cylinder and spinning roller are in slab outward flange moving process, determine that at this three roll axis the described track of contact point in the plane is a skew lines on the slab, then the slab after each bending of building mortion is handled partly is processed to the taper seat coverboard.
Embodiment 4
By plane Sheet Metal Processing sphere coverboard
1, blanking: plate is cut into rectangular slab.
2, be shaped:
Fig. 6 is that slab is clamped in the schematic diagram in clamping device VII and the building mortion VIII.Arrow among the figure represents that the generable direction of motion of supporting of rest roller and roller can be around the gyratory directions of self axis.The niproll of clamping device is positioned at the middle part of width of plate slab direction, each roller of building mortion is on the right of clamping device, rectangular coordinate system oxyz is used to illustrate the position of distortion and motion generation, the planes overlapping of the upper and lower niproll axis decision of xoy coordinate surface and clamping device.
The niproll 27,28 of clamping device VII clamps slab at the width of slab, removes in the clamping device outside the niproll 27,28, also has two rollers, and promptly the limit roller 29,30.G-G profile among Fig. 6 is the distribution schematic diagram that dissects the relative slab of roller of slab gained with the plane that is parallel to coordinate surface yoz.The axis of each roller is parallel and can be around self axis reciprocating rotating, under driving, corresponding mechanism also can move and adjust, adjust limit roller 29,30 position, make roller 29,30 are higher than the position of roller 28 and the contact point of slab with the contacting points position of slab, make slab produce the corresponding centre of sphere section radius of a circle that radius of curvature after the flexural deformation equals the ball coverboard in being parallel to coordinate surface yoz plane.This diastrophic part, when slab is moved back and forth by the driving of clamping device roller, the local plastic district will progressively expand to the slab various piece that the clamping device roller can touch.
The building mortion VIII is by can be around the forming rolls 31 of self axis reciprocating rotating, counter-pressure cylinder 32, and spinning roller 33 and be distributed in two limit rollers of both sides before and after first three roller of slab below, promptly limit roller 34,35 is formed.In order to strengthen the shaping of roller to the bending effect and the assurance slab edge of slab, also can above the both sides, front and back of forming rolls slab part, respectively arrange a roller again, or before and after the forming rolls both sides the slab part below respectively increase a roller, and be positioned at the right that has the limit roller, or two kinds of situations occur simultaneously.Forming rolls in the building mortion, the axis of rotation coplane of the axis of rotation of counter-pressure cylinder and spinning roller and the niproll of clamping device.In the plane that is parallel to coordinate surface yoz, each roller will apply power with the slab contact position, adjust the position of each roller and slab contact point, make slab in the plane that is parallel to coordinate surface yoz, produce flexural deformation, and in, outer surface curvature radius equal the ball coverboard in respective planes corresponding in, the radius of curvature of outer surface circular arc, for example when forming rolls 31, spinning roller 33, limit roller 34,35 are in the coordinate surface yoz with the contact point of slab, when the power that these rollers apply slab bends slab in this plane, make in it, outer surface camber line radius of curvature equal the ball coverboard in this plane corresponding in, outer surface circular arc radius of curvature is shown in the H-H generalized section among Fig. 6.
At forming rolls, in the plane at counter-pressure cylinder and spinning roller axis place, spinning roller presses to the forming rolls that lateral surface bus radius of curvature equals ball coverboard interior surface curvature radius in this plane with slab, and the inner surface portion that slab is contacted with the forming rolls bus is divided into the circular arc that radius of curvature equals forming rolls bus arc radius of curvature.This forming rolls that occurs in, distortion in counter-pressure cylinder and the plane, spinning roller axis place and the distortion that occurs in the plane that is parallel to coordinate plane yoz are local.
The forming rolls of building mortion, counter-pressure cylinder and spinning roller, the niproll of clamping device clamp slab and when reciprocal forward and reverse revolution the driven in synchronism slab do reciprocal moving, meanwhile, each roller of building mortion and slab are parallel to contact point in the coordinate surface xoy plane is shifted to slab along the circular arc line of ball coverboard surfaces externally and internally outward flange, thereby the local deformation district constantly enlarges, up to spreading all over the slab various piece that clamping device and building mortion roller touch.After right-hand part machines, slab is turned round 180 °, and the niproll of clamping device is replaced with the roller that Spherical Tank Shell Plates shape that profile and building mortion process matches, each roll axis position of clamping device also need be adjusted, make each roller contacted by the part of clamping with sphere-forming coverboard, the power that applies clamps the part that has become spherical surface shell.When the clamping device roller is done reciprocating rotating, do reciprocal moving with building mortion roller driven in synchronism slab, the part under the former niproll of the step manuscript 6 that the building mortion employing is same and the part on the niproll left side can obtain a spherical surface shell plate at last.
In the present embodiment, adjust forming rolls 31, spinning roller 33, the position of limit roller 34,35, it is contacted with slab, contact point is in the plane that is parallel to coordinate surface yoz, and these rollers apply power to slab, slab is occured bending and deformation in this plane after, its surfaces externally and internally camber line radius of curvature equals the surfaces externally and internally circular arc radius of curvature of revolution ellipsoid coverboard correspondence in this plane, this distortion part.
At forming rolls, in the plane at counter-pressure cylinder and spinning roller axis place, spinning roller presses to forming rolls with slab, makes slab at forming rolls, occurs bending and deformation in counter-pressure cylinder and the plane, spinning roller axis place, and this distortion also is local
Drive in the process that slab reciprocatingly moves at building mortion and clamping device, make each roller of building mortion and slab be parallel to contact point in the coordinate surface xoy plane is shifted to slab along elliptical orbit outward flange, the local deformation district is constantly enlarged, up to spreading all over the slab various piece that clamping device and building mortion roller touch, then these parts of slab will be processed to the revolution ellipsoid coverboard.
It is pointed out that in above-mentioned 4 embodiment, when the required deflection of shaping slab is big, forming process can be divided several passages carry out.Each passage reaches the certain deformation amount, and distortion one by one is through the final shape and size of processing accumulation back acquisition of several passages.
Adopt processing curve coverboard of the present invention to compare traditional processing method and have following advantage:
1, do not need large mold, only need a small amount of frock, and the frock size is little, cost is low, thereby is applicable to single-piece, small lot batch manufacture.
2, widely applicable, various curved shell plates, such as the Surface of Sphere coverboard, the non-full circle perimeter curved shell plates such as ellipsoid coverboard and various cylinder, conical surface coverboard, and full circle perimeter curved shell plate all can adopt this method processing.
3, belong to continuous and local and be shaped, the contact area of instrument and slab is little during shaping, and deformation force is little, thereby the equipment needed thereby tonnage is little.
The minimum dimension of the curved shell plate that 4, allows is much bigger than pressing and rolling process with the scope of the ratio of thickness. Large scale, thin curved shell plate adds man-hour, and the wrinkling problem of punching press and roll extrusion adopts the present invention to be resolved.
The shape of the curved shell plate that 5, is shaped is accurate, and fineness is good.
6, Width pressing and the rolling process of machinable curved shell plate are much bigger.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of method of utilizing continuous and local shaping processing curve coverboard.It is characterized in that to place by the definite shape slab that the plate with plastic deformation ability cuts into clamping device and the building mortion formed by roller or its analog that are installed on the same fuselage, clamping device plays clamping, drive the slab effect, and realize partially-formed function, but two niprolls by reciprocating rotating, two limit rollers are formed, the relative position of roller is adjustable, on, following two niproll clamping slabs, two limit rollers are distributed in the below of the slab part of niproll front and back side, but building mortion is by the forming rolls that is positioned at the slab top of reciprocating rotating, two limit rollers compositions that are positioned at the spinning roller of slab below and are distributed in the slab part below of the first two both sides, roller front and back, spinning roller is with respect to forming rolls certain distance that staggers, the axis of rotation coplane of two niprolls of the axis of rotation of forming rolls and spinning roller and clamping device, the relative position of roller is adjustable, the revolution of the roller in the stream oriented device, moving (change of direction and position) and adjusting employing of roller gyroaxis is mechanical--and electric, pneumatic or full hydraulic drive, the position of adjusting the clamping device roller makes it contact and apply power with slab, the zone that slab contacts with the clamping device roller applies under the moment of flexure effect that power forms at roller can produce the local buckling plastic deformation, during the reciprocal forward and reverse revolution of clamping device roller, clamp slab and drive slab and do stable reciprocating motion, after clamping device clamps slab, adjust the position of building mortion roller, make its roller apply power and clamp slab slab, spinning roller pushes slab to forming rolls, make slab generation forming rolls and spinning roller axis of rotation determine flexural deformation in the plane, limit roller and forming rolls, the spinning roller cooperation applies power to slab makes slab produce flexural deformation in another plane, thereby the zone that slab contacts with the building mortion roller produces the local buckling plastic deformation under the moment of flexure effect that the power that the building mortion roller applies slab forms, during the reciprocal forward and reverse revolution of building mortion roller, cooperate the driving slab to do stable the reciprocating motion with the roller of clamping device, the roller of building mortion is shifted to the outward flange of slab simultaneously, in this process, the relative position of adjusting each roller is with the needs of the variation that adapts to curved shell plate different parts curvature, the plastic zone of slab is enlarged, up to spreading all over the slab various piece that successively contacts with building mortion, these parts of slab are processed to curved shell plate.
2, method according to claim 1, clamping device and building mortion are installed on the same fuselage, for clamping device, each roller adopts cylindrical roller, adjusting each roller is parallel to each other its axis and contacts the power of applying with slab, make slab that the local buckling distortion take place by bending, then slab is driven in the process that moves reciprocatingly by clamping device, be subjected to the cylinder shell of part after the bending process of clamping device roller for opening up, for building mortion, adjusting each roller position makes them contact with slab and the power that applies makes slab occur bending and deformation with the part that the building mortion roller contacts, be set as each roller of shape device and be parked in their arbitrary positions in slab edge moving process, when then slab moves reciprocatingly, contact point between roller and the slab will be described out track in the plane perpendicular to clamping device roll axis direction on slab, establish slab equally and be parked in arbitrary position in the reciprocating motion process, and each roller of shaping device moves to the slab edge, contact point between roller and the slab will be described out track in the plane that clamping device two niproll axis are determined on slab, if preceding a kind of track is a straightway, a kind of track in back is that curve or preceding a kind of track are that then a kind of track of curve is the straightway that is parallel to clamping device niproll axis, then slab moves reciprocatingly and is subjected to the cylinder coverboard of part for opening up after the building mortion bending process, if preceding a kind of track is that then a kind of track of curve also is a curve, then slab is subjected to the curved shell plate of part for opening up after the bending process of building mortion roller.
3, method according to claim 1, clamping device and building mortion are installed on same fuselage, for clamping device, two niprolls and both sides roller are respectively with two cover transmission device transmissions up and down, fan-shaped slab is positioned in the clamping device and is subjected to roller flecition generation local plastic deformation, on, the big mouth of following niproll band plate base, the osculum of the moving slab of limit roller strap, suitable speed governing by transmission device make big mouthful and osculum to move back and forth angular speed the same, make the slab part of each roller contact of clamping device after handling, become conical surface coverboard through each bending, each roller of clamping device clamps slab and drives slab and does stable moving back and forth then, for building mortion, adjusting each roller position makes them contact with slab and the power that applies makes the plastic deformation that bends of the part of slab between the building mortion roller, when each roller turns round in the building mortion, do reciprocal moving with the roller driven in synchronism slab of clamping device, if slab is parked in the arbitrary position in the process of moving back and forth, at each roller of building mortion in slab edge moving process, contact point between forming rolls and spinning roller and the slab will be described out track in the plane that clamping device two niproll axis are determined on slab, if this track is the straightway on the straight line of conical shell surfaces externally and internally bus place under the clamping device niproll, then slab is at clamping device, when reciprocatingly moving under the building mortion roller driven in synchronism, be subjected to part after each bending of building mortion is handled for can open up conical surface coverboard, if this track is a curve, then slab is at clamping device, and being subjected to the part after each bending of building mortion is handled in the process that reciprocatingly moves under the building mortion roller driven in synchronism is the curved shell plate that can not open up.
4, according to the method described in the claim 1, clamping device and building mortion are installed on same fuselage, clamping device can be around the reciprocal disk-like object of rotating of dead axle by two, promptly two clamping disks are formed, slab places, clamp in the following clamping disk, but building mortion is by the forming rolls that is positioned at the slab top of reciprocating rotating, be positioned at the spinning roller of slab below and be distributed in forming rolls and the both sides roller composition of the slab part below of both sides, spinning roller front and back, the relative spinning roller of forming rolls certain distance that staggers, the axis of rotation coplane of two clamping disks of the axis of rotation of forming rolls and spinning roller and clamping device, the revolution of clamping device clamping disk, the revolution of building mortion roller, mobile (change of direction and position) of the gyroaxis of clamping disk and roller and adjustment employing machinery-electric, pneumatic or full hydraulic drive, adjustment clamping device clamping disk makes it clamp slab and drives slab does reciprocal dead axle swing, contact with slab after the adjustment of building mortion roller, spinning roller pushes slab to forming rolls, make the flexural deformation in slab generation forming rolls and the plane, spinning roller axis place, limit roller and forming rolls, the spinning roller cooperation applies power to slab makes slab produce flexural deformation in another plane, thereby the part generation local buckling distortion of slab in building mortion, the clamping disk driven in synchronism slab of reciprocal forward and reverse when revolution of building mortion roller and clamping device is around the dead axle reciprocally swinging, or the building mortion roller drives slab separately and does dead axle swing around the clamping disk axis of rotation, clamping disk only plays clamping action, the building mortion roller moves to the outward flange of slab simultaneously, the relative position of each roller of building mortion adjusts accordingly according to the needs that curved shell plate different parts curvature changes, the plastically deforming area constantly enlarges in this process, the axis of rotation coplane of the axis of rotation of forming rolls and spinning roller and clamping disk(-sc), in this plane, each roller of building mortion contacts with slab, if the track of contact point is a straight line on the slab, then slab becomes the circular cone coverboard that can open up after building mortion roller bending machining is handled, if track is a curve, then become the curved shell plate that to open up.
5, according to claim 1,2,3 or 4 described methods, it is characterized in that in building mortion being provided with can be around the counter-pressure cylinder of self axis reciprocating rotating, the axis of rotation coplane of the axis of rotation of this roller and forming rolls and spinning roller, counter-pressure cylinder is positioned at the slab below, close spinning roller between the spinning roller of building mortion and the clamping device, when shaping device during away from clamping device, counter-pressure cylinder, forming rolls and spinning roller cooperation apply moment of flexure to slab, make slab determine to produce in the plane local buckling distortion at forming rolls and spinning roller axis, mobile (change of direction and position) of counter-pressure cylinder gyroaxis and adjustment employing machinery-and electric, pneumatic or full hydraulic drive.
6, according to claim 1,2,3 or 4 described methods, it is characterized in that in building mortion, above the slab of the both sides part limit roller being set respectively before and after the forming rolls and spinning roller, or below the slab of both sides before and after forming rolls and the spinning roller, a roller is set respectively, be positioned at the right of existing limit roller, or both of these case occurs simultaneously.Mobile (change of direction and position) of the axis of rotation of roller and adjustment employing machinery-electric, pneumatic or full hydraulic drive.
7, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that making the lateral surface bus arc shape and the curved shell plate upper surface of the forming rolls of building mortion to determine the arc shape in the plane to match at forming rolls and spinning roller axis of rotation, and the length that bus arc length degree determines the camber line in the plane more than or equal to the forming rolls and the spinning roller axis of rotation of curved shell plate upper surface on the clamping device right side, in forming process, forming rolls is only done gyration, and its axis of rotation does not move, and other roller still is engaged in the shaping that realizes curved shell plate in the outer peripheral process of shifting to slab with forming rolls in slab reciprocating motion process.
8, according to claim 1, method described in 2,3 or 4 is characterized in that being provided with the curved shell plate part that the bearing bracket be made up of roller or its analog has been shaped, make when building mortion processing slab other parts, plastic deformation does not take place in the curved shell plate part that has been shaped.
9, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that whole slab is given elder generation curves the curved shell plate (as cylinder coverboard or conical surface coverboard) that can open up on common bent plate equipment, be placed on then and be processed into the curved shell plate that can not open up in above-mentioned clamping device and the building mortion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92100909 CN1058428C (en) | 1992-02-17 | 1992-02-17 | Processing method for curved shell plate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92100909 CN1058428C (en) | 1992-02-17 | 1992-02-17 | Processing method for curved shell plate |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1075435A true CN1075435A (en) | 1993-08-25 |
| CN1058428C CN1058428C (en) | 2000-11-15 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92100909 Expired - Fee Related CN1058428C (en) | 1992-02-17 | 1992-02-17 | Processing method for curved shell plate |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1058428C (en) |
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| CN1318199C (en) * | 2000-10-25 | 2007-05-30 | 默特克诺股份有限公司 | Mould for curved panels |
| CN100360305C (en) * | 2005-03-19 | 2008-01-09 | 孙志清 | Trigger squeeze for pressing double curving surface plate |
| CN100393441C (en) * | 2006-08-08 | 2008-06-11 | 四川东风电机厂有限公司 | Method for forming large scale ellipsoidal volute joint |
| CN100435993C (en) * | 2006-02-21 | 2008-11-26 | 吉林大学 | Flexible 3D curved plate bending mechanism with independently driven son roller |
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| CN103480702A (en) * | 2012-06-12 | 2014-01-01 | 高周波热炼株式会社 | Work piece shape adjusting device and shape adjusting method |
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- 1992-02-17 CN CN 92100909 patent/CN1058428C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN1318199C (en) * | 2000-10-25 | 2007-05-30 | 默特克诺股份有限公司 | Mould for curved panels |
| CN100360305C (en) * | 2005-03-19 | 2008-01-09 | 孙志清 | Trigger squeeze for pressing double curving surface plate |
| CN100435993C (en) * | 2006-02-21 | 2008-11-26 | 吉林大学 | Flexible 3D curved plate bending mechanism with independently driven son roller |
| CN100393441C (en) * | 2006-08-08 | 2008-06-11 | 四川东风电机厂有限公司 | Method for forming large scale ellipsoidal volute joint |
| CN100445550C (en) * | 2006-08-18 | 2008-12-24 | 四川东风电机厂有限公司 | Manufacturing process of different thickness joint volute |
| CN103480702A (en) * | 2012-06-12 | 2014-01-01 | 高周波热炼株式会社 | Work piece shape adjusting device and shape adjusting method |
| CN103480702B (en) * | 2012-06-12 | 2016-08-17 | 高周波热炼株式会社 | Workpiece shapes adjusting apparatus and Adjusting Shape method |
| CN103736791B (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2015-09-09 | 云南昆钢重型装备制造集团有限公司 | A kind of large-scale cut deal cone cylinder method for rolling and molding |
| CN103736791A (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2014-04-23 | 云南昆钢重型装备制造集团有限公司 | Efficient roll forming method for large medium-thickness-plate conical cylinder |
| CN104438492A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-03-25 | 中铁四局集团钢结构有限公司 | Curve face forming technology for high-intensity thick plate in bridge steel structure construction |
| CN107268722A (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2017-10-20 | 丹阳市云孚科技有限公司 | The production equipment and production method of a kind of diaphragm-type air-compressed tank, diaphragm-type air-compressed tank |
| CN112008960A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2020-12-01 | 空中客车西班牙有限责任公司 | Composite forming station and method for forming a T-profile composite and composite |
| CN112008960B (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2024-02-06 | 空中客车西班牙有限责任公司 | Composite forming station and method for forming a T-profile composite and composite |
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| CN113814317B (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2023-12-12 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Plate rolling process and device thereof |
| CN113601112A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-11-05 | 上海航天精密机械研究所 | Method and system for precisely manufacturing ultra-long wall plate of storage tank barrel section |
| CN113601112B (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2023-08-18 | 上海航天精密机械研究所 | Precise manufacturing method and system for storage tank section super-long wall plate |
| CN114043263A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-02-15 | 陕西飞机工业有限责任公司 | Guide rail clamp for milling precision of curved edge of curved part with curved edge |
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