CN1138085C - Method and device for monitoring and locating leakage of fluid delivering pipeline - Google Patents
Method and device for monitoring and locating leakage of fluid delivering pipeline Download PDFInfo
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- CN1138085C CN1138085C CNB991072413A CN99107241A CN1138085C CN 1138085 C CN1138085 C CN 1138085C CN B991072413 A CNB991072413 A CN B991072413A CN 99107241 A CN99107241 A CN 99107241A CN 1138085 C CN1138085 C CN 1138085C
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Abstract
In the present invention, computers (or intellectualized meters) are respectively installed at both ends of a pipeline to be measured to collect the flow and pressure signals of both of the two ends. Both of the two ends are connected into one uniform intelligent monitoring device through a transmission medium; calculation is respectively carried out by the changes of the pressure and the flow, and pressure drop delta P and flow difference delta Q are used as continuously renewed distinguishing radixes to distinguish leakage. The transmission time of an actually measured pressure wave of a pipeline is used as a radix; the leakage point is positioned by the transmission speed of the pressure wave and the actually measured relation curve of the flow difference. The whole device which has the functions of failure self check, self adaptation and automatic learning serves to enhance a user's economical benefits and reduce the environmental pollution.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to fluid-transporting tubing, belong to and using the pipeline monitoring technical field, the method for particularly a kind of fluid line leakage monitoring location is in particular for various long-term monitoring and location from buried pipeline.
Two, background technique
In the fluid-transporting tubing monitoring technical field, many methods are all arranged both at home and abroad, in this respect, the Chinese invention patent application is narrated for No. 96121000.1 very in detail, compare with other technology, No. 96121000.1, Chinese invention patent application is the most creative, and this also has been the state-of-the-art technology that can retrieve at present in this technical field.This technology is at pipeline, transfer pump, pipeline environment is installed with the plurality of sensors collection, storage, the signal of transmission reflection pipe-line system operation conditions, time domain with pipeline operation conditions signal, frequency domain character is that the neural network model of input matrix is analyzed, with pattern recognition to classification of the waveform recognition of pipeline run signal and identification waveform flex point. suppress influence of noise and discern the waveform flex point and judge whether pipeline leaks with wavelet transformation, with the revised velocity of wave of the omnidistance temperature distribution of pipeline leakage point is located, based on the fitting function of describing the leakage signal propagation attenuation characteristics leakage point is located, with flow and error matched curve dynamic calibration flowmeter, based on pipeline hydraulic heating power consolidated equation set up be applicable to wait gentleness not the model of isothermal pipeline to survey parameter with pipeline be that boundary conditions is located pipeline leakage testing, the different confidence coefficients that the algorithms of different module are set according to on-the-spot pipeline characteristics are comprehensively judged the confidence coefficient of pipeline leakage testing positioning result.As can be seen, this invention is a very complicated system, and this has just caused a series of problem.At first be to use a large amount of sensor easy break-downs will cause system reliability poor, cause system maintenance expense height and be difficult for use, another is the dynamic calibrations of various sensor errors, this will cause various calculating to become " false account is really calculated " deriving a wrong conclusion, only the flowmeter error has been carried out dynamic calibration in the invention, and the flow of flowmeter and error matched curve can only be that benchmark is made with the calibrating data, but the reasons such as wearing and tearing of flowmeter will inevitably depart from former calibrating point in the actual using process, and this just makes dynamic calibration produce deviation again.Minute leakage for pipeline, no matter be flowmeter or other what sensor, it all is faint that detected signal changes, and the small degree of this signal may be significantly smaller than the resultant error of sensor, and the different different error characters constantly of certain sensor are not complete regular following yet.We know that the problems referred to above that will solve sensor can adopt same measuring point to obtain revising with several same sensor, but this does not obviously have use value.We can say, if various sensor errors are all little of ignoring, it is not difficult to implement foregoing invention, and that problem is that the signal that will detect changes the error of ratio sensor often itself is also much smaller, this problem does not solve, and China's invention applies for that specially it is very difficult that No. 96121000.1 technology is used on engineering.As for other method, such as difference in flow method, pressure difference method; Listening methods; The pressure surge detection method: pipeline modeling or the like, all failing becomes the technology that can apply on a kind of engineering, and reason is different, is identical but have a bit, is exactly weak output signal, poor anti jamming capability.And this problem is the key that causes present this field not make a breakthrough.Aspect the data collection processing, in the majority based on the method for fluid mechanics fundamental equation, but the data that this method will obtain can't accurately obtain, and natural system also just can not possess use value.
Three, summary of the invention
The present invention puts forward at the deficiency of above-mentioned technology, purpose be seek a kind of easy realization, method leakage damage that pipeline is taken place reliably etc. detects and locate.The present invention also adopts difference in flow, pressure difference method to detect, but the obtaining with anti-interference aspect of deficiency, especially weak signal that has overcome conventional art obtained breakthrough.This method not only can detect and locate, and can provide the moment of leakage rate and leakage rate, generation accurately, has higher sensitivity and less rate of false alarm.System constitutes simple, easy care, to fault can self check, can follow the pipeline running state automatically, detect pipeline pressure surge propagation characteristic automatically, have automatic study and revise the function of judging parameter according to the pipeline real-time characteristic.To the influence that detection and location produce, can give the automatic correction-compensation of dynamic tracking type for the fluid viscosity that influences the pipeline dynamic characteristic, density, thermal capacitance, the isoparametric variation of flowing state, thereby making to detect has higher confidence coefficient.Because the used detected parameters of the present invention is few, and has above-mentioned series of advantages, historical facts or anecdotes is executed the present invention and just is easy to.
In sum, as can be seen, the present invention is a kind of method of fluid-transporting tubing Monitoring and Positioning, it is characterized in that, this method comprises the following steps:
(1) treating computer to be housed respectively along pipeline A, B two ends, gather two ends flow and pressure signal, by transmission medium two ends are connected into the unified intelligent monitoring device of a cover, to pressure, changes in flow rate add up, analytical calculation, containing the difference in flow Δ Q of instrument error item and pressure when normally moving with pipeline, to fall Δ P be judgment standard, be as the criterion with measured data and set up Δ P-Δ Q curve, pipeline is monitored, leak so that find;
(2) in a single day the generation of leakage is arranged, just push the Reeb transfer function and calculate, draw the leakage point position;
(3),, obtain the detection of detection device and admitted then as the new radix of judgment data for the adjustment of pipeline working state in service;
(4) device adopts window to judge tracing correction differentiation radix from motion tracking pipeline operation conditions, to improve signal to noise ratio, improves accuracy;
(5) whole device has autolearn feature, can learn to follow the tracks of the variation of Δ Q and Δ P automatically, and constantly revises and admit, draws the conclusion of pipe leakage and leakage point position according to judgement;
(6) adopt the function of real-time observed pressure ripple passing time as pipeline length, the principle of transmitting to both sides simultaneously according to the leak pressure ripple is as the criterion with observed pressure ripple passing time and actual measurement Δ Q/Q that to set up correlation curve be foundation, revises the data of leakage point;
(7) according to the relation of pressure differential deltap P and difference in flow Δ Q, whether Δ Pi step and sufficient and necessary condition that Δ Qi increases when leaking again break down and give discriminant alarm leaking still measuring instrument, realize fault self-diagnosis;
(8) with comprising the Δ P of instrument error item and Δ Q, make the data increment of new sampling not contain instrument error, so just eliminated the error of instrument error and other parameter influence generation, make this system can provide reliable conclusion as differentiating the factor.
In China, various length are long a lot of apart from transfer line apart from Pipeline Under Mother Earth line and other, often take place to leak to bring about great losses.Adopt straightforward procedure of the present invention, just can fix a point, monitor out quantitatively this variation, provide strong guarantee,, reduce environmental pollution and all can play an important role improving FLUID TRANSPORTATION unit-economy benefit in time overhauling, reducing the loss.
Four, description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is the schematic representation of fluid-transporting tubing leakage monitoring localization method.
Five, embodiment
In length is that two end points of pipeline of L are respectively A station and B station, and the fluid at A station is through pump 1, and outlet valve 2 and flowmeter 3, pressure instrument 4 enter pipeline L, and behind piping L, fluid begins to flow to B and stands.At B station inlet, pressure instrument 5 is housed, flowmeter 6, the fluid that comes out from the flowmeter valve 7 of can flowing through enters jars 8, the valve 9 of also can flowing through enters jar 10, and under normal operation, the fluid flow of the L that flows through needs become with producing, be respectively operation of A station and the operation of B station, and the result of operation changes flow.When the operation of A station, be divided into augmented flow and reduce flow, when needing augmented flow, can increase flow by rotating speed that improves pump 1 or the way of opening outlet valve 2, the flow Q1 of flowmeter 3 of flowing through so just rises, then pressure P 1 rising just appears in pressure instrument 4 places, the flow of this increase forms a pressure wave and propagates toward the flow process below, after time, pass to inlet pressure instrument 5 places, B station through tL, this place's pressure P 2 is risen, the flow Q2 of the flowmeter 6 of flowing through is also risen, if the A station reduces discharge capacity, as a same reason, flowmeter 3 flows descended before this, then be that pressure instrument 4 place's pressure P 1 descend, after time, pressure instrument 5P2 descends through tL, and the flow Q2 of flowmeter 6 descends.The operation of B station similarly if the tank switching operation is carried out at the B station, directs into low liquid level B2 from high liquid level B1, at first being to cause the flow Q2 of flowmeter 6 to rise, then is that the pressure P 2 of pressure instrument 5 descends, and tL is after the time for process, pressure instrument 4 place's pressure P 1 descend, and then the flow Q1 at flowmeter 3 places rises.On the contrary, if the B station is reduced flow, then the flow Q2 on the flowmeter 6 reduces before this, then is that pressure instrument 5 place's pressure P 2 rose through tL after the time, and pressure instrument 4 place's pressure P 1 rise, and the flow Q1 on the flowmeter 3 descends.By top analysis, we can know that list rises or descends from a certain end pressure and infers that pipeline is normally or leakage obviously is irrational, if the drag characteristic of pipeline L does not change when analyzing, we can think that Δ Q=Δ P/Zi sets up, here, and Δ Q=Q1-Q2; Δ P=P1-P2; Zi is the pipe resistance charcteristic function, and the time tL of pressure wave transmission has reacted the pressure propagation characteristic under the pipeline running state, and tL is exactly the function of duct length L as can be known, has known that tL has just known duct length certainly.
From top analysis, we just most clearly know, difference in flow Δ Q is directly proportional with pressure difference Δ P, one end operation change feed status all will pass to the other end through after the time of tL, if two stations receive the time of pressure difference Δ P less than tL, so just can conclude that this pressure wave source is created in the middle a certain position of L, and the other end is not passed in pressure surge, do not cause the variation of flow Q yet, that is exactly that instrument itself (pressure instrument) has what fault or the influence of other external force to cause the instantaneous pressure shake, the rule Tianjin when if the change of pressure flow does not meet normal the conveying, promptly sequencing is not right, and that is that leakage has appearred in pipeline very likely just.
On the other hand, Δ Q will change with the pipeline operation conditions, and this is because general flowmeter all provides volume flowrate, and volume flowrate is then with the pipeline flow size, change along conditions such as journey heat exchanges, to be pipeline fall i along the hydrodynamic wave (H wave) of journey to Δ P, and this value also changes with the line transportation situation.But anatomize as can be known, under the normal operation conditions of pipeline, the variation of step evolution all can not appear in Δ Q and Δ P, this be because, the reason that Δ Q produces mainly is error characteristics, pipeline operation conditions and the pipeline of flowmeter and the synthesis result of environment heat exchange characteristics, and the error of flowmeter is to produce step, the heat exchange of pipeline and environment also is that a large time delay process does not more have precipitous step, and the variation of Δ P and flow size are the most direct, and be also relevant with flowing state certainly.But the relation of (not having this sudden change in the normal regulating) Δ P and Δ Q is with regard to can not changing as long as pipe characteristic is not undergone mutation in above-mentioned adjusting, and pump, the operation of valve always has a process gradually, all do not have in a word to leak to pressure, flow effect fast, on the other hand, we know, pipeline for an operation, in the Δ t time, drag characteristic can not change, and Q=Δ P/Zi can not suddenly change, Just because of this, no matter in that end operation of pipeline, the variation of operating end must be passed to the other end, and the time of transmitting is exactly the function of duct length L, according to this rule, when pipeline takes place to leak, just can extrapolate the position of leaking origination point according to this function.Such as, if at A, the pressure dropping signal is received at the B two ends simultaneously, this leakage point must occur on identical that of both sides propagation of pressure time, and this point is not pipeline A, how much mid points of B length, density was to gradually change when this flowed in pipeline because of fluid, thereby fluid is changed to the transport velocity of pressure wave, certainly also have other factors to affect the transmission of pressure wave, and everything, fully can be at measuring pressure, flow and changing with it on the time corresponding coordinate shows, and adopts metering system to obtain the image of pipeline operation conditions, is the best approach that other complicated link is simplified.Though many factors influence are to the judgement of pipe leakage point, each factor is all investigated thoroughly promptly impossible, and is also unrealistic, must adopt the way of Continuous Tracking pipeline running state.Open the form of a Δ t time on trace, we have just eliminated the influence of those slow running parameter Δ P, Δ Q by Δ t form, and have only given prominence to the Δ Pi of sudden change, the numerical value of Δ Qi, so just can know whether pipeline leakage has taken place.When the sudden change of pressure or flow has taken place in pipeline one end, simultaneously send signal to the other end, if the other end is not received corresponding with it signal at tL in the time, this is a kind of state, if the other end has been received sort signal, this is again to show another kind of state, now we to analyze be how to utilize this variation to judge pipe leakage.
We find that by Δ t window it is negative value that variation of A end pressure and B hold the discovery Δ P-Δ Pi that compares now, crossed pressure wave passing time tL after the moment, we can have nine kinds of combinations to come estimate of situation, promptly Δ Pi equal respectively, less than, greater than Δ P, Δ Qi equal respectively, less than, greater than Δ Q.Because the function relation of Δ Q and Δ P, we know if pipeline not leaked the direction that Δ Pi changes identical with the direction that Δ Qi changes, the two is just along Δ P-Δ Q curvilinear motion, this variation promptly is the manual tune valve, and tank switching or fall due to the operation such as pump is if combination has broken away from Δ P-Δ Q curve, particular point promptly appears, be that pipeline has gone out leakage, be reference value with Δ t preceding constantly Δ P, Δ Q this moment, and Pi makes change value of pressure with Δ P-Δ; Δ Q-Δ Qi is a leakage value.We have just determined leakage, and then can handle leakage situation.Because Δ Q, Δ P comprise instrument error, we adopt this mode to differentiate and handles, and instrument error influences and has been eliminated.The adequate condition of Guo Louing is as can be seen: Δ QI＞Δ Q; Step appears in Δ P, and signal is arranged rationally, and the time tL of the time difference of pressure wave less than pressure wave unidirectional delivery whole process received at two ends.In addition, all be measuring instrument or other link fault.If Δ Qi is only arranged or has only Δ Pi to change, all can not be as the foundation of leaking.Like this, we have just realized the self diagnosis of fault.By this piecewise analysis, we have known that the judgement basis data are Δ P and Δ Q, and Δ P and Δ Q constantly change, just Δ t constantly in variation can ignore, Δ t is constantly passing forward in time, Δ P when we just constantly admit industry Δ t and Δ Q are new judgement radix, realized so just having eliminated the influence of various errors, increased signal to noise ratio judging the automatic modification of radix, realized dynamic tracking, and instrument is required also easily to realize.Are be to leak that constantly, detecting now, but whether new Δ P and Δ Q that this moment forms later also considered to normal value? it or not normal value.Because confirmed leakage, carry out monitoring and statistics to leakage this moment, so as to provide leakage rate, constantly, leakage rate etc., under leak condition, just Δ P before this and Δ Q value are only the reference value of judging leakage.From as can be seen above-mentioned, monitoring device is to learn to be familiar with the pipeline working state constantly automatically.Because Δ P-Δ Q curve is actual test value, this curve also constantly is being corrected.
After knowing the existence of leakage, be exactly location how.We know, in 0 ℃ water, pressure-wave emission speed is 1430m/s, and in a pipeline, a kind of fixedly fluid is held the B end by A, the fluid density compressibility coefficient is inequality, and the purity of fluid composition has also constituted influence to compressibility coefficient, and the pressure wave speed that it is propagated gradually changes from A to B, and we are input to this rule in the computer, just can proofread and correct above-mentioned A, when the B termination is received pressure signal, where leakage point has occurred in.Because the pipeline operation conditions changes, fluid flow state, change of properties, to cause transmitting the pressure wave propagation velocity changes, how to proofread and correct this variation? if having mentioned an end pressure, the front changed, spend the time of passing, adjust one time the pipeline Operational Limits, just equal to monitoring device send the letter of once revising the pressure wave transfer rate tL constantly the other end just produce corresponding the variation, this tL is exactly given one and longly is the pipeline fluid pressure wave mark of L, and this transmission (promptly adjusting the pipeline Operational Limits) is recurrent, but Changing Pattern is constant on the way, and we constantly gather parameter automatically and upgrade, and also just makes the accuracy of fixed point change unlikely decline with the pipeline operation certainly, so just realize the automatic correction-compensation of dynamic tracking type, proofreaied and correct fixed-point data.
Have a talk application of the present invention below.
In China many petroleum pipelines are arranged, these petroleum pipelines are the heating pressurized delivered mostly.Selecting certain 50 kilometers long oil pipeline line is example, and pipeline goes out A station pressure 2.5MPa, advances B station pressure 1.5MPa, oil transportation amount Q=110m
3/ h, measured value Δ P=1.05MPa, Δ Q=5.06m
3/ h, B station monitoring pressure dropped to 0.99MPa and went out A station pressure after 53.6 seconds and drop to 2.48MPa one day, went out A station QA=156.1m
3/ h, advancing B station QB is 48.9m
3/ h draws Δ Pi=1.49MPa like this, Δ Qi=7.2m
3/ h, establishing window width Δ t during monitoring is 0.5S, rank getting over property sudden change does not appear in this window, and industry Δ P rises, Δ Q also rises, and changing value has dropped on the Δ P-Δ Q curve, so draw as drawing a conclusion: B station tank switching behaviour is through examination, above-mentioned conclusion is proved, learn that as calculated pressure wave transmission speed is that 932. certain sunrise A station pressure descend suddenly, drops to 2.5MPa by former 2.56MPa, the B station drops to 1.0MPa by original 1.1MPa after 36 seconds, obvious step occurs owing to go out the pressure decline of A station in Δ t, just be judged as pipeline leakage, same variation is also measured by the B station in the back in tL, further be judged as leakage, it is 153m that A stands in the constantly preceding flow of tL
3/ h, the B flow that enters the station at the station is 146m
3/ h, when step occurred, A station flow was 159m
3/ h, B enter the station at the station flow by dropping to 117m3/h originally, and Δ P rises to 1.50MPa by 1.46MPa like this, and Δ Q rises to 42m by original 7m%
3/ h, away from Δ P-Δ Q curve, and two ends receive that the time difference of variation in pressure ripple is 36 seconds, less than the tL value-53.6 of last registration second, so leakage has taken place broken string, leakage rate is 35m
3/ h, the initial time of leakage occur in the A station and received signal preceding 8.8 seconds, 8.23 kilometers places, distance A station.Through actual survey, occur in 8.1 kilometers places, obtain proof.
Claims (8)
- The method of a kind of fluid-transporting tubing leakage monitoring location is characterized in that this method comprises the following steps:(1) treating computer to be housed respectively along pipeline A, B two ends, gather two ends flow and pressure signal, by transmission medium two ends are connected into the unified intelligent monitoring device of a cover, to pressure, changes in flow rate add up, analytical calculation, containing the difference in flow Δ Q of instrument error item and pressure when normally moving with pipeline, to fall Δ P be judgment standard, be as the criterion with measured data and set up Δ P-Δ Q curve, pipeline is monitored, leak so that find;
- (2) in a single day the generation of leakage is arranged, just push the Reeb transfer function and calculate, draw the leakage point position;
- (3),, obtain the detection of detection device and admitted then as the new radix of judgment data for the adjustment of pipeline working state in service;
- (4) device adopts window to judge tracing correction differentiation radix from motion tracking pipeline operation conditions, to improve signal to noise ratio, improves accuracy;
- (5) whole device has autolearn feature, can learn to follow the tracks of the variation of Δ Q and Δ P automatically, and constantly revises and admit, draws the conclusion of pipe leakage and leakage point position according to judgement;
- (6) adopt the function of real-time observed pressure ripple passing time as pipeline length, the principle of transmitting to both sides simultaneously according to the leak pressure ripple is as the criterion with observed pressure ripple passing time and actual measurement Δ Q/Q that to set up correlation curve be foundation, revises the data of leakage point;
- (7) according to the relation of pressure differential deltap P and difference in flow Δ Q, whether Δ Pi step and sufficient and necessary condition that Δ Qi increases when leaking again break down and give discriminant alarm leaking still measuring instrument, realize fault self-diagnosis;
- (8) with comprising the Δ P of instrument error item and Δ Q, make the data increment of new sampling not contain instrument error, so just eliminated the error of instrument error and other parameter influence generation, make this system can provide reliable conclusion as differentiating the factor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB991072413A CN1138085C (en) | 1999-05-10 | 1999-05-10 | Method and device for monitoring and locating leakage of fluid delivering pipeline |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB991072413A CN1138085C (en) | 1999-05-10 | 1999-05-10 | Method and device for monitoring and locating leakage of fluid delivering pipeline |
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| CN1273342A CN1273342A (en) | 2000-11-15 |
| CN1138085C true CN1138085C (en) | 2004-02-11 |
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| CNB991072413A Expired - Fee Related CN1138085C (en) | 1999-05-10 | 1999-05-10 | Method and device for monitoring and locating leakage of fluid delivering pipeline |
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-
1999
- 1999-05-10 CN CNB991072413A patent/CN1138085C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100383510C (en) * | 2005-07-18 | 2008-04-23 | 天津大学 | Detection of oil and gas pipeline leakage by additional dynamic micro-pressure signal |
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| CN1273342A (en) | 2000-11-15 |
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