CN1322914A - Petroleum pipeline leakage warning and leaking point positioning system - Google Patents

Abstract

The leakage warning and leaking point positioning system determines leakage via testing pressure and flow rate parameters and has two microcomputer monitoring systems at the start point and end point separately. The pressure and flow rate signals are obtained via installed high accuracy pressure sensors and flow rate pulse signal transducer, and the monitoring systems complete data collection, data treatment, data analysis and radio data transmission. When some leakage takes place, the system sends out warning signal, transmits data via radio station and calculates the position of leaking point based on positioning formula. The system has high leakage sensitivity of 1% total flow rate, position accuracy smaller than 1% total pipe length, detection pipe length up to 50 Km and alarm response time less than 150 sec.

Description

Petroleum pipeline leakage alarm and Leakage Point Location System

The present invention relates to a kind of real-time monitoring and location technology of pipeline leakage.

At present, in field produces and Crude Oil Transportation process, petroleum pipeline causes leakage because of corrosion, and particularly the phenomenon of lawless person's perforate stolen on pipeline happens occasionally, and makes country suffer heavy economic losses, goes back befouling environment simultaneously.

In order in time to monitor the leakage situation of pipeline, reduce economic loss, hit criminal simultaneously, once studied many methods both at home and abroad and monitor, but effect is all undesirable, as 1. flow equilibrium method, this is based on the law of indestructibility of matter, under the normal condition, the entry end flow should equal the outlet end flow, when taking place to leak, rate of discharge is just less than inlet flow rate, this method only is applicable to that big flow leaks situation, the leakage positioning formula is in theory also arranged, but do not have successful Application in practice; 2. pressure difference method, this is based on law of conservation of energy, and under normal circumstances, the difference of inlet pressure and outlet pressure should be definite value, if bigger variation has taken place pressure difference, then in the middle of the explanation leakage has taken place, but this method can not be carried out the leak source location; 3. stress wave, the stress wave of propagating along tube wall that causes when utilizing escape of liquid judge and leak and the location, but since stress wave too a little less than, detect very difficulty; 4. probe method in the pipe will be surveyed ball and is put into pipeline from an end in will managing, and go downstream, and utilize ultrasonic technology or electromagnetic technique etc. to gather tube wall information, take out from the other end and carry out data analysis and processing.The cost height of this method, tight to the pipeline conditional request, can not long-time continuous detect, thereby can not find situation and processing in time in real time; 5. the suction wave detecting method when it utilizes pipeline to leak suddenly, can cause the transient negative pressure ripple of propagating in fluid, by the suction wave and the data processing of catching head, last two ends, just can determine whether to leak and take place.This method is quite valued in the world at present pipeline leakage detection method, but, because the complexity and the various interference of signal in the pipeline, the actual seizure suction wave that is difficult to, and this method is to locate to the time difference that head and end is propagated by the suction wave that leakage point causes, error is big, so this method is also impracticable.

The objective of the invention is to provide real-time leakage monitoring of a kind of pipeline and Leakage Point Location System.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this.Utilize two parameters of detected pressures and flow to determine whether pipeline leaks, when certain point of pipeline takes place to leak, the pressure of leak descends, through behind the certain hour, the pressure that causes head and end also descends, respective change also can take place in the flow of head and end simultaneously, take all factors into consideration above-mentioned two kinds of factors, when pipeline normally moves, a normal mathematical model is arranged, when taking place to leak, pressure and flow depart from normal mathematical model, can determine whether in view of the above leak to take place, and then according to the mathematical model of pipeline, Hydrodynamics Theory and detected pressure, data on flows is determined the position and the warning of leakage point.This monitoring system is that a cover computer monitoring device is respectively installed at the head at pipeline, last two ends, monitoring device comprises data acquisition module, Data Management Analysis module, communication module, warning, display modular, waveform echo module, and data are carried out radio communication between two covering devices.Data capture is adopted and a high-precision pressure transducer respectively is installed and is installed additional a pulse sender unit on flowmeter at the first and last end, pressure signal is converted into the current signal of 4～20mA of standard, flux signal is converted into the pulse input end of receiving flow secondary table behind the pulse signal, 4～20mA current signal of secondary table outputting standard, the two-way current signal is sent into the built-in collection plate of process control machine, realize pressure, the collection of flux signal, pressure that process control machine will be gathered in real time and flux signal are by the statistical process of the processing modules implement data of software, adaptive-filtering, sampled data is carried out the filtering match, and onlinely judge whether pipeline leakage has taken place.Simultaneously calculate leakage point automatically to the distance of initial point and be presented at window according to ranging formula.

Describe specific embodiments of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.

Fig. 1 is that petroleum pipeline leakage alarm and Leakage Point Location System are formed schematic representation;

Fig. 2 is the mode identificating software block diagram;

Fig. 3 is data processing (adaptive-filtering) software block diagram;

Fig. 4 is a head end monitoring alarm software block diagram;

Fig. 5 is terminal monitoring alarm software block diagram.

This system utilizes detected pressures and two parameters of flow to determine to leak, and specifically is at head end and end one cover computer monitoring device to be installed respectively.Monitoring device carries out the wireless transmission of data capture, data processing, data analysis and data.When pipeline takes place to leak, system will send alarm signal, transmit data automatically by wireless set, calculate the position of leakage point automatically, and everything is all realized by special-purpose software.

Signals collecting is that a precision respectively is installed is 0.01% pressure transducer first, terminal, pressure signal is converted into 4～20mA current signal of standard; Install a pulse sender unit at the scene on the flowmeter of Shi Yonging additional, flow is converted into the pulse input end of receiving flow secondary table behind the pulse signal, 4～20mA current signal of secondary table outputting standard, the two-way current signal is sent into the built-in collection plate of process control machine, realizes the sampling of pressure and flux signal.Process control machine carries out the sampling of real-time pressure and flux signal, and statistical process, the adaptive-filtering of the processing modules implement sampled data by software, sampled data is carried out filtering, match, and onlinely judge whether pipeline leakage has taken place, if head end finds that pressure reduces, flow rises, the 1# process control machine carries out data communication, whether the inquiry end warning has also taken place, if report to the police simultaneously in two ends, the 1# process control machine starts the audio files in the software, carry out sound alarm, the dialog box of glimmering is on computers simultaneously reminded.

The mode that data communication adopts MDS2710A specialty data radio station to be connected with 25 needle serial ports of process control machine realizes the wireless transmission of data.

The leak source location technology.Because when pipeline took place to leak, the pressure wave of generation was propagated to the two ends at the whole story of pipeline respectively, is zero until pressure wave attenuation, the final influence of its generation is that the pressure at top descends, flow rises, and terminal pressure descends, and flow also descends.Deriving ranging formula according to the wave characteristic of pressure wave with wave equation is: $X=\frac{G_{2}L-\ln \frac{p1-{p1}^{\′}}{p2-{p2}^{\′}}}{G_1+G_2}$

G wherein ₁, G ₂Be the upstream and downstream section pressure-wave emission coefficient relevant with line construction and pipe range; L is the pipeline length overall; Preceding first, terminal pressure takes place for leaking in p1, p2; First, the terminal pressure in back takes place for leaking in p1 ', p2 '.

From above-mentioned formula as can be known, as long as detect force value accurately, just can improve Location accuracy, this point can reach by high-precision pressure transducer is installed.

Monitoring of software mainly comprises following function module:

1. acquisition module---this is whole system software " bottom " working portion.Whether it finishes the real-time collection of data, use automatic segmentation technology and simple mode identification technology analysis conduit to leak according to the data of gathering simultaneously, and send the leakage alarm signal.System acquisition software is developed with VB, VC, mainly finishes the real-time sampling of head, last pressure at two ends, flow, and stores with the form of database.

2. puocessing module---after finishing statistical process (pre-filtering) to sampled data, adaptive-filtering, sampled data being carried out filtering, match, judge whether pipeline leakage has taken place, have to leak as judgement and take place, just send warning, and locate automatically.

3. communication module---by modulator-demodulator and wireless digital broadcasting station, the data of end are passed to the top computer, carry out quickly and accurately for guaranteeing data transmission, the data communication module has multistage correcting data error and data compression function.

4. report to the police---after monitoring of software detects pipeline and leaks, send the warning dialog box on computer display, start voice guard simultaneously and report to the police, the prompting staff has the leakage accident generation.

5. display modular---when monitoring of software carries out leakage alarm, finish the transmission of data by communication module after, carry out the automatic location of leakage point, and the leakage point distance is shown, pipeline position figure in staff's reference software can determine the position of leakage point.

6. waveform echo module---comprise parts such as " real-time pressure, flow waveform show ", " single ended waveform echo ", " two ends waveform echo ".Promptly show in real time or echo for pressure, flow time history plot after handling.

System provided by the present invention can detect the runnability of pipeline in real time, in case take place to leak or the stolen incident, reports to the police immediately, and demonstrates the leakage point position.Its sensitivity is 1% of total discharge; Positioning error is less than 1% of the tested pipeline length overall; Alert reaction time was less than 150 seconds; Detect pipeline length overall 0～50km.

Claims (3)

1. petroleum pipeline leakage alarm and Leakage Point Location System, be that a cover computer monitoring device is respectively installed at the head at pipeline, last two ends, monitoring device comprises data acquisition module, Data Management Analysis module, communication module, warning, display modular, waveform echo module, data are carried out radio communication between two covering devices, it is characterized in that a high-precision pressure transducer respectively being installed and being installed additional a pulse sender unit on flowmeter and carry out data capture at first, end, detected pressures and two parameters of flow are monitored the leakage situation of pipeline simultaneously.

2. petroleum pipeline leakage alarm according to claim 1 and Leakage Point Location System, it is characterized in that system carries out pattern recognition to real-time detected pressure and flux signal, the pressure that promptly ought record head end and end all descends, the flow of head end rises and terminal flow when descending, and just tentatively leakage has taken place to be defined as pipeline; Set up the adaptive-filtering model then and remove white noise, quantitatively calculate according to Bayesian formula, final definite the leakage taken place.

3. petroleum pipeline leakage alarm according to claim 1 and Leakage Point Location System is characterized in that system calculates the leak source position according to the pressure signal that records from employing the leak source ranging formula.

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