CN113803042A - Single-section single-cluster dense fracturing method and system - Google Patents
Single-section single-cluster dense fracturing method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a single-section single-cluster dense fracturing method and a system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring geological data related to fracturing of a stratum to be fractured; determining the fracturing cluster number, the fracturing discharge capacity, the liquid volume scale and the sand volume scale of single-stage multi-cluster fracturing corresponding to the stratum to be fractured according to geological data of the stratum to be fractured; and further performing fracturing productivity analysis based on the determined fracturing parameters of the single-stage multi-cluster fracturing, and determining the number of stages, the discharge capacity, the liquid volume scale and the sand volume scale of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing executed on the stratum to be fractured according to the analysis result. Adopt above-mentioned scheme, change single section many clusters fracturing into single section single cluster fracturing, change single section many clusters perforation into single section single sliding sleeve, carry out the fracturing construction through this single sliding sleeve intercommunication stratum of every section, can overcome current fracturing technique and can't be applied to deep shale oil and gas reservoir, the not enough problem of commonality can effectively promote fracturing efficiency and fracturing transformation effect simultaneously, realizes the increase production purpose on the basis of saving time and cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas well fracturing, in particular to a single-section single-cluster dense fracturing method and a single-section single-cluster dense fracturing system.
Background
Different oil and gas strata in the field of oil and gas exploration have different geological characteristics, wherein the matrix of a shale reservoir is very compact, the pore throat is very fine, and the size is only nano-scale, so that the matrix pore flow of shale gas is very slow, the matrix pore flow of shale oil and gas is 100m, and the flow time is more than 100 ten thousand years. Therefore, the effective production of shale oil gas cannot depend on matrix flow, and must depend on artificial fracture channels formed by fracturing; in particular, the key to fracturing shale is to reduce the distance that fluid in the matrix seeps into the fracture by increasing the contact area of the matrix and the fracture.
The conventional shale gas fracturing technology mainly utilizes the characteristics of good brittleness, small horizontal stress difference value, good compressibility and easiness in breaking of natural fracture development and the like of a shale reservoir, and breaks the shale reservoir to form an artificial fracture network by adopting a pumping bridge plug segmented single-section multi-cluster large-displacement volume fracturing method so as to increase the contact area of a matrix and a fracture and further increase the effective volume of a fractured artificial fracture to achieve the purpose of increasing the yield of shale oil gas. However, the single-stage multi-cluster staged fracturing method has insufficient universality, and cannot be applied to all shale strata, because not all shale oil and gas reservoirs have the characteristics of good brittleness, small horizontal stress difference, good compressibility such as natural fracture development and the like, and are easy to break, especially for deep shale oil and gas not less than 4000m, due to large burial depth, the plasticity of rock is enhanced under the action of stratum temperature and pressure, and the stratum is difficult to break, so that artificial fractures with high complexity cannot be formed by adopting the technical means, the contact area between a matrix and the fractures is difficult to increase, the transformation effect is not ideal, and the cost for implementing multi-cluster large-displacement fracturing by adopting a pumping bridge plug is higher, so a more reasonable fracturing process needs to be explored.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a single-segment single-cluster dense fracturing method, which in one embodiment comprises:
s1, acquiring geological data related to fracturing of the stratum to be fractured;
s2, determining the fracturing cluster number, the fracturing discharge capacity, the liquid volume scale and the sand volume scale of single-stage multi-cluster fracturing applicable to the stratum to be fractured according to geological data of the stratum to be fractured;
and S3, performing fracturing productivity analysis based on the fracturing cluster number, the fracturing discharge capacity, the liquid volume scale and the sand volume scale of the single-stage multi-cluster fracturing, and determining the number of stages, the discharge capacity, the liquid volume scale and the sand volume scale of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing of the stratum to be fractured according to the analysis result.
In one embodiment, in the step S1, the method further includes:
and grading the compressibility of the stratum to be fractured according to the stratum depth, the reservoir stress and the reservoir plasticity in the geological data, and storing the grading result of the geological data and the corresponding geological data in a stratum fracturing data list in a correlation manner.
In one embodiment, step S2 includes:
inputting geological data or geological data grade of a stratum to be fractured into a pre-constructed fracturing data determination model, and acquiring the fracturing cluster number, fracturing discharge capacity, liquid volume scale and sand volume scale of single-section multi-cluster fracturing corresponding to the fracturing data determination model;
the fracturing data determination model is obtained by taking geological data or geological data grade information as input and corresponding fracturing data records as output training, wherein the fracturing data records comprise fracturing cluster number, fracturing discharge capacity, liquid volume scale and sand volume scale when single-stage multi-cluster fracturing is carried out.
In one embodiment, in step S3, the fracture productivity analysis is performed by:
performing effective perforation cluster proportion analysis based on single-stage multi-cluster fracturing according to historical productivity data, and determining the effective subsection lower limit of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing to be the set proportion of the total cluster number of the single-stage multi-cluster fracturing;
and (3) enabling the total fracturing liquid amount, the total sand amount and the total cluster number to be consistent, and determining the lower limit of the displacement value of the single-section single cluster based on the single-section multi-cluster average displacement and the fracturing fracture parameters.
In one embodiment, in step S3, the determining, according to the analysis result, the number of the stages, the displacement, the fluid volume scale, and the sand volume scale of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing performed on the formation to be fractured includes:
determining the number of stages, the displacement, the liquid quantity scale and the sand quantity scale of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing according to the effective lower limit of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing and the displacement value lower limit determined by analysis and in combination with geological data corresponding to the stratum to be fractured; or
Determining the number of stages, the displacement, the liquid quantity scale and the sand quantity scale of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing of the stratum to be fractured according to the determined geological parameter grade and by combining the effective stage lower limit and the displacement value lower limit of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing;
and storing the determined number of sections, the determined displacement, the determined liquid amount scale and the determined sand amount scale into a stratum fracturing data list.
In combination with other aspects of any one or more of the embodiments above, the present invention also provides a single-segment single-cluster dense fracturing system, comprising:
the geological data acquisition module is used for acquiring geological data related to fracturing of a stratum to be fractured;
the middle parameter determining module is used for determining the fracturing cluster number, the fracturing discharge capacity, the liquid volume scale and the sand volume scale of single-stage multi-cluster fracturing suitable for the stratum to be fractured according to geological data of the stratum to be fractured;
and the fracturing parameter determination module is used for performing fracturing productivity analysis based on the fracturing cluster number, the fracturing discharge capacity, the liquid volume scale and the sand volume scale of the single-stage multi-cluster fracturing, and determining the number of stages, the discharge capacity, the liquid volume scale and the sand volume scale of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing executed on the stratum to be fractured according to the analysis result.
In one embodiment, the geological data acquisition module is further configured to:
and grading the compressibility of the stratum to be fractured according to the stratum depth, the reservoir stress and the reservoir plasticity in the geological data, and storing the grading result of the geological data and the corresponding geological data in a stratum fracturing data list in a correlation manner.
In one embodiment, the intermediate parameter determination module is further configured to:
inputting geological data or geological data grade of a stratum to be fractured into a pre-constructed fracturing data determination model, and acquiring the fracturing cluster number, fracturing discharge capacity, liquid volume scale and sand volume scale of single-section multi-cluster fracturing corresponding to the fracturing data determination model;
the fracturing data determination model is obtained by taking geological data or geological data grade information as input and corresponding fracturing data records as output training, wherein the fracturing data records comprise fracturing cluster number, fracturing discharge capacity, liquid volume scale and sand volume scale when single-stage multi-cluster fracturing is carried out.
In one embodiment, the fracture parameter determination module is configured to perform fracture productivity analysis by:
performing effective perforation cluster proportion analysis based on single-stage multi-cluster fracturing according to historical productivity data, and determining the effective subsection lower limit of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing to be the set proportion of the total cluster number of the single-stage multi-cluster fracturing;
and (3) enabling the total fracturing liquid amount, the total sand amount and the total cluster number to be consistent, and determining the lower limit of the displacement value of the single-section single cluster based on the single-section multi-cluster average displacement and the fracturing fracture parameters.
In one embodiment, the fracture parameter determination module is further configured to perform the following operations:
determining the number of stages, the displacement, the liquid quantity scale and the sand quantity scale of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing according to the effective lower limit of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing and the displacement value lower limit determined by analysis and in combination with geological data corresponding to the stratum to be fractured; or
Determining the number of stages, the displacement, the liquid quantity scale and the sand quantity scale of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing of the stratum to be fractured according to the determined geological parameter grade and by combining the effective stage lower limit and the displacement value lower limit of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing;
and storing the determined number of sections, the determined displacement, the determined liquid amount scale and the determined sand amount scale into a stratum fracturing data list.
Compared with the closest prior art, the invention also has the following beneficial effects:
according to the single-section single-cluster intensive fracturing method and system, the fracturing parameters of single-section multi-cluster fracturing corresponding to the method are determined according to geological data related to the fracturing technology of the stratum to be fractured, and further the fracturing parameters of the stratum to be fractured for executing single-section single-cluster fracturing are determined based on the fracturing parameters of the multi-cluster fracturing and the productivity analysis. The single-section multi-cluster fracturing is converted into the single-section single-cluster fracturing, the single-section multi-cluster perforation is converted into the single-section single-cluster perforation or the single sliding sleeve is opened at the single section, the single-cluster perforation of each section or the single sliding sleeve is communicated with the stratum for fracturing construction, the problem of insufficient universality of the existing fracturing technology can be solved, the fracturing reconstruction effect can be ensured even if the fracturing method is applied to a shale stratum with large depth and high plasticity, meanwhile, the requirement of the fracturing method on the fracturing discharge capacity is flexible, the cost of a fracturing unit can be reduced, in addition, the fracturing method can adopt the sliding sleeve or the packer for segmentation besides a pumping bridge plug, the construction is continuous, the efficiency is high, and the construction period is short.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a single-stage single-cluster dense fracturing method provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of effective perforation clusters and gas production percentages for a multi-cluster fracturing of a single-stage single-cluster dense fracturing method in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of single-cluster fracturing displacement on fracture height of a single-stage single-cluster dense fracturing method in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the influence of single-cluster fracturing displacement on fracture complexity of a single-stage single-cluster dense fracturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the effect of single cluster fracturing displacement on proppant delivery for a single stage single cluster dense fracturing method in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the influence of single-cluster fracturing displacement on the reconstruction area in the single-stage single-cluster dense fracturing method according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison between the amount of single-cluster and multi-cluster fracturing clusters and the reconstruction area in the single-stage single-cluster dense fracturing method in the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-stage single-cluster dense fracturing system provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description will be provided for the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, so that the practitioner of the present invention can fully understand how to apply the technical means to solve the technical problems, achieve the technical effects, and implement the present invention according to the implementation procedures. It should be noted that, unless otherwise conflicting, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, and the technical solutions formed are all within the scope of the present invention.
Different oil and gas strata in the field of oil and gas exploration have different geological characteristics, wherein the matrix of shale oil and gas is very compact, the pore throat is very fine, and the size is only nano-scale, so that the matrix pore flow of the shale gas is very slow, the matrix pore flow of the shale oil and gas is 100m, and the flow time is more than 100 ten thousand years. Therefore, the effective production of shale oil gas cannot depend on matrix flow, and must depend on artificial fracture channels formed by fracturing; in particular, the key to shale fracturing is to reduce the distance that fluid in the matrix seeps into the fracture by increasing the contact area of the matrix and the fracture.
The conventional shale gas fracturing technology mainly utilizes the characteristics of good brittleness, small horizontal stress difference value, good compressibility of natural fracture development and the like and easiness in breaking of a shale reservoir, and based on the characteristics, the shale reservoir is broken by adopting a pumping bridge plug segmented single-section multi-cluster large-displacement volume fracturing method to form an artificial fracture network so as to increase the contact area between a matrix and a fracture, thereby increasing the effective volume of the fractured artificial fracture and achieving the purpose of increasing the yield of shale oil gas. However, the single-stage multi-cluster staged fracturing method has insufficient universality, and cannot be applied to all shale strata, because not all shale oil and gas reservoirs have the characteristics of good brittleness, small horizontal stress difference, good compressibility of natural crack development and the like, and easiness in breaking, particularly for deep shale oil and gas with the depth of 4000m or more, due to large burial depth, the plasticity of rock is enhanced under the action of stratum temperature and pressure, and the stratum is difficult to break, so that artificial cracks with high complexity cannot be formed by adopting the technical means, the contact area between a matrix and the cracks is difficult to increase, the transformation effect is not ideal, and the cost for implementing multi-cluster large-displacement fracturing by adopting a pumping bridge plug is higher, and therefore, a more reasonable fracturing process needs to be explored.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a single-stage single-cluster dense fracturing method and a single-stage single-cluster dense fracturing system aiming at the yield increase principle of shale reservoir fracturing and the defects of the conventional single-stage multi-cluster large-displacement volume fracturing method. Various embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example one
Fig. 1 shows a schematic flow chart of a single-stage single-cluster dense fracturing method provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and as can be seen from fig. 1, the method includes the following steps.
And S110, acquiring geological data related to fracturing of the stratum to be fractured.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps: and grading the compressibility of the stratum to be fractured according to the stratum depth, the reservoir stress and the reservoir plasticity in the geological data, and storing the grading result of the geological data and the corresponding geological data in a stratum fracturing data list in a correlation manner. Specifically, the operation may be performed by a related technician for determining the compressibility grade according to the obtained geological data, or a compressibility grading model may be constructed, and the geological data of the formation to be fractured is input into the constructed compressibility grading model to obtain the corresponding fracturing compressibility grade. In the step, the compressibility of the stratum to be fractured can be represented by a compressibility index, the compressibility index can reflect the possibility that the stratum to be fractured forms complex fractures, the compressibility grades corresponding to the stratums with different geological data are different, generally, the lower compressibility (difference) indicates that the possibility that the corresponding stratum forms complex fractures is lower, and the compressibility grading of the stratum to be fractured is beneficial to pertinently selecting the most reasonable fracturing strategy, so that the most considerable fracturing effect is guaranteed.
Furthermore, in practical application, a geological data grading model can be developed and analyzed and constructed by utilizing massive formation geological data and corresponding fracturing and productivity data records, wherein the higher the geological grade is, the worse the compressibility of the geological data is. In the analysis process, it can be found that fracturing is carried out by adopting the same fracturing parameters, the larger the depth is, the higher the plasticity of the reservoir is, the poorer the fracturing transformation effect can be realized, the lower the productivity is, and correspondingly, the poorer the compressibility is. In addition, the step of constructing a formation fracturing data list to correlate and store geological data and grades of the formation facilitates data management and later retrieval and analysis.
It should be noted that the geological data of the mass formation involved in this step may be reliable data of any relevant formation with known fracturing parameters, such as historical fractured formation data or formation data in fracturing implementation, and is not limited herein.
The method is improved based on a single-stage multi-cluster fracturing technology, target parameters for implementing fracturing are determined according to known intermediate fracturing parameters, and specifically, the single-stage multi-cluster fracturing parameters corresponding to the stratum to be fractured are used as the intermediate fracturing parameters. Therefore, step S120 is provided to determine the fracturing cluster number, the fracturing discharge capacity, the liquid amount scale and the sand amount scale suitable for single-stage multi-cluster fracturing of the stratum to be fractured according to geological data of the stratum to be fractured.
In one embodiment, the steps specifically include:
and inputting geological data or geological data grade of the stratum to be fractured into a pre-constructed fracturing data determination model, and acquiring the fracturing cluster number, fracturing discharge capacity, liquid volume scale and sand volume scale of single-section multi-cluster fracturing corresponding to the fracturing data determination model.
The fracturing data determination model is obtained by taking geological data or geological data grade information as input and corresponding fracturing data records as output training, wherein the fracturing data records comprise fracturing cluster number, fracturing discharge capacity, liquid volume scale and sand volume scale when single-stage multi-cluster fracturing is carried out. In the embodiment of the invention, the corresponding multi-cluster fracturing parameters are determined based on the geological data of the stratum to be fractured, so that the accuracy of the intermediate fracturing parameters can be ensured, and the reliability of the target fracturing parameters can be ensured.
In the process of oil and gas exploration and development, the fracturing of a reservoir is to increase the effective number, the effective height and the effective length of fracturing cracks to increase the contact area between a matrix and the cracks and further achieve the purpose of increasing the yield, so that the fracturing implementation parameters of a single-section single-cluster fracturing means are determined on the basis of capacity analysis in order to guarantee the transformation effect of single-section single-cluster fracturing. Therefore, step S130 is performed, fracture productivity analysis is performed based on the number of fracturing clusters, the fracturing discharge capacity, the liquid volume scale and the sand volume scale of the single-stage multi-cluster fracturing, and the number of stages, the discharge capacity, the liquid volume scale and the sand volume scale of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing performed on the stratum to be fractured are determined according to the analysis result.
In one embodiment, the fracture productivity analysis is performed by:
and performing effective perforation cluster proportion analysis based on the single-stage multi-cluster fracturing according to historical productivity data, and determining that the effective subsection lower limit of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing is 50-70% of the total cluster number of the single-stage multi-cluster fracturing according to the effective perforation cluster proportion.
Based on the effective perforation cluster ratio analysis of the multi-cluster fracturing, 30-50% of perforation clusters contribute less than 1% to the production, and only 50-70% of perforation clusters contribute more to the production, as shown in the graphs (a) and (b) in fig. 2, if the total number of the whole well subsections of the single-section single-cluster fracturing is greater than 50-70% of the total number of the whole well subsections of the single-section multi-cluster fracturing, the production can be basically ensured not to be lower than the latter, and if the total number of the whole well subsections of the single-section single-cluster fracturing is equal to the total number of the whole well subsections of the single-section multi-cluster fracturing, the production is better.
And (3) enabling the total fracturing liquid amount, the total sand amount and the total cluster number to be consistent, and determining the lower limit of the displacement value of the single-section single cluster to be the single-section multi-cluster average displacement of the single-section multi-cluster fracturing on the basis of the single-section multi-cluster average displacement and fracturing fracture parameters.
Research shows that the total scale of the liquid amount and the sand amount of the single-section single-cluster fracturing is equivalent to that of the single-section multi-cluster fracturing, on the basis, the total liquid amount, the total sand amount and the total cluster number of the fracturing are consistent, the discharge capacity of a single-section 1 cluster is 1/3 of a single-section 3 cluster, and the results show that: the total area of the two fracture reconstruction cracks is equivalent, and a single-section single cluster is slightly superior, as shown in the following table.
Fracturing parameter and effective transformation area comparison table
Further research shows that the higher the single-stage single-cluster fracturing discharge capacity is, the larger the fracturing height is, the higher the fracture complexity is, the carrying capacity of the fracturing fluid on the proppant is enhanced, the proppant can be conveyed to the far end of the fracture and the secondary fracture, the larger the effective reconstruction area SRA is, the better the fracturing reconstruction effect is, and the information disclosed in the figures 3-6 can be reflected.
And then, determining the number of the stages, the discharge capacity, the liquid amount scale and the sand amount scale of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing executed by the stratum to be fractured according to the analysis result, wherein the process comprises the following steps:
determining the number of stages, the displacement, the liquid quantity scale and the sand quantity scale of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing according to the effective lower limit of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing and the displacement value lower limit determined by analysis and in combination with geological data corresponding to the stratum to be fractured; or
And determining the number of stages, the displacement, the liquid quantity scale and the sand quantity scale of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing of the stratum to be fractured according to the determined geological data grade and by combining the effective lower limit of the stages and the displacement value lower limit of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing.
And storing the determined number of sections, the discharge capacity, the liquid amount scale, the sand amount scale and the production energy data into a stratum fracturing data list. In practical application, the stratum with higher geological data grade shows that the reservoir compressibility of the stratum is poor, more sections or higher discharge capacity can be set according to actual requirements to implement fracturing, and the fracturing modification effect can be further improved. Furthermore, the embodiment of the invention determines the target fracturing parameters, and stores the target fracturing parameters and the productivity data in association with the geological data and the grade data of the corresponding stratum to generate a complete stratum fracturing data list, so that new data can be conveniently called to update and optimize the geological data grading model, and meanwhile, along with the accumulation of fracturing data, a reliable single-stage single-cluster fracturing parameter determination model can be established by using enough data in the list, so that the efficiency of acquiring fracturing parameters can be greatly improved, and the time and the energy are saved.
In conclusion, the technical scheme of the invention improves the single-stage multi-cluster fracturing into the single-stage single-cluster dense fracturing, and can efficiently reform and expand the contact area of each cluster. In addition, the fracture modification area increases with the scale of the fracturing fluid amount, but the two are not in a linear relationship, and a critical fluid amount exists, and the increase of the fracture modification area is gradually reduced when the fluid amount is increased to the critical fluid amount. The uneven feed of each cluster in the multi-cluster fracturing is easy to cause that the scale of 1 cluster is too large to exceed the critical fluid amount, so that the overall contact area is influenced, and as shown in figure 7, under the condition that the scale of the fracturing fluid is the same, the overall contact area of single-cluster fracturing is better than that of multi-cluster fracturing.
On the other hand, the scheme of the invention can realize effective large displacement of each cluster, thereby improving the total area of fracturing reconstruction. When single-stage multi-cluster fracturing is carried out, the average displacement of each cluster is small due to the fact that the number of single-stage clusters is large; the total displacement of the single-section single-cluster fracturing is the effective displacement of each cluster, so that the effective displacement of each cluster of the single-section single-cluster fracturing can exceed that of the single-section multi-cluster fracturing even if the total displacement of the single-section single-cluster fracturing is lower than that of the single-section multi-cluster fracturing. Furthermore, the technological measures of the invention can improve the construction efficiency and reduce the fracturing cost. The single-section single-cluster fracturing can improve the effective displacement of each cluster under the condition that the total displacement is lower than that of single-section multi-cluster fracturing, so that the lower-displacement fracturing can be adopted compared with the single-section multi-cluster fracturing, and the number of fracturing units can be reduced due to the low displacement, so that the fracturing cost is reduced. Meanwhile, the single-section single-cluster fracturing can be segmented by adopting a sliding sleeve or a packer, the single-section multi-cluster perforation of the conventional single-section multi-cluster fracturing is converted into the single-section single-cluster perforation or a sliding sleeve is opened in a single section, the single-section single-cluster perforation or the single sliding sleeve in each section is communicated with the stratum for fracturing construction, and pumping bridge plugs are not necessarily adopted for segmentation, so that the construction is continuous, the efficiency is high, and the construction period is short.
Therefore, the method can effectively improve the contact area between the matrix and the cracks by improving the effective displacement of each cluster and efficiently transforming so as to improve the fracturing yield-increasing effect aiming at the problem that the conventional single-section multi-cluster fracturing transformation effect of the shale oil and gas reservoir which is difficult to form a complex crack is poor; meanwhile, the construction efficiency can be improved, and the fracturing cost can be reduced. The invention is beneficial to improving the fracturing modification effect of the shale oil-gas well, and provides a new fracturing technical method and a new idea for shale oil-gas reservoirs which are difficult to form complex seams.
Example two
The embodiment of the invention takes a shale gas reservoir as a fracturing object to perform single-stage single-cluster fracturing, and comprises the following technical measures:
acquiring geological data related to fracturing of a stratum to be fractured;
determining the fracturing cluster number, the fracturing discharge capacity, the liquid volume scale and the sand volume scale of single-stage multi-cluster fracturing corresponding to the stratum to be fractured according to geological data of the stratum to be fractured;
and performing fracturing productivity analysis based on the fracturing cluster number, the fracturing discharge capacity, the liquid volume scale and the sand volume scale of the single-stage multi-cluster fracturing, and determining the number of stages, the discharge capacity, the liquid volume scale and the sand volume scale of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing executed on the stratum to be fractured according to an analysis result.
In order to ensure the fracturing transformation effect and ensure that the total effective transformation area realized by single-section single-cluster fracturing is larger than that of a single-section multi-cluster fracturing scheme, the method can have the following requirements:
(1) the total number of the whole well subsections of the single-section single-cluster fracturing is not less than 50-70% of the total number of the whole well subsections of the single-section multi-cluster fracturing, and the fracturing effect is better when the number of the subsections is more. The shale gas area is designed with more than 1500m clusters of 110-120 fracturing clusters, so that the effective perforating cluster number is calculated to be 55-80 clusters, and the yield of a gas well can be basically ensured only when the number of single-section single-cluster sections reaches at least 50-55 sections.
(2) The discharge capacity of the single-section single-cluster fracturing is larger than the average discharge capacity of each cluster of the single-section multi-cluster fracturing, and the higher the discharge capacity is, the better the transformation effect is. Shale gas single-stage 3-cluster fracturing general discharge capacity of 15m in the zone3Min, calculating that the displacement of single-stage single-cluster fracturing is more than 5m3/min。
(3) The total scale of the liquid amount and the sand amount of the single-section single-cluster fracturing is equivalent to that of the single-section multi-cluster fracturing. The shale gas zone designs a single-stage 3-cluster fracturing single-stage liquid volume 2200m3Left and right single-section sand amount of 90m3Left and right, the single-stage single-cluster fracturing single-stage liquid quantity and the sand quantity are designed to be 3 clusters in a single stage1/3 fractured, i.e. 700m single stage fluid volume3Left and right, single segment sand amount 30m3Left and right.
EXAMPLE III
Based on other aspects of the foregoing embodiments, the present invention further provides a single-stage single-cluster dense fracturing system, and fig. 8 shows a schematic structural diagram of the single-stage single-cluster dense fracturing system in the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 8, the system includes: a geological data acquisition module 81, an intermediate parameter determination module 83 and a fracture parameter determination module 85, which are used for executing the methods and steps of the first and second embodiments.
Specifically, the single-stage single-cluster dense fracturing system of this embodiment includes:
and the geological data acquisition module 81 is used for acquiring geological data related to fracturing of the stratum to be fractured.
And the intermediate parameter determining module 83 is used for determining the fracturing cluster number, the fracturing discharge capacity, the liquid amount scale and the sand amount scale of single-stage multi-cluster fracturing applicable to the stratum to be fractured according to geological data of the stratum to be fractured.
And the fracturing parameter determining module 85 is used for performing fracturing productivity analysis based on the number of fracturing clusters, the fracturing discharge capacity, the liquid volume scale and the sand volume scale of single-stage multi-cluster fracturing, and determining the number of stages, the discharge capacity, the liquid volume scale and the sand volume scale of single-stage single-cluster fracturing executed on the stratum to be fractured according to the analysis result.
Specifically, the geological data acquisition module 81 is further configured to:
and grading the compressibility of the stratum to be fractured according to the stratum depth, the reservoir stress and the reservoir plasticity in the geological data, and storing the grading result of the geological data and the corresponding geological data in a stratum fracturing data list in a correlation manner.
Furthermore, in practical application, massive formation geological data and corresponding fracturing and productivity data records can be utilized to carry out expansion analysis and construct a compressibility grading model. In the analysis process, it can be found that fracturing is carried out by adopting the same fracturing parameters, the larger the depth is, the higher the plasticity of the reservoir is, the poorer the fracturing transformation effect can be realized, the lower the productivity is, and correspondingly, the poorer the compressibility is.
The intermediate parameter determination module 83 is further configured to:
and inputting geological data or geological data grade of the stratum to be fractured into a pre-constructed fracturing data determination model, and acquiring the fracturing cluster number, fracturing discharge capacity, liquid volume scale and sand volume scale of single-section multi-cluster fracturing corresponding to the fracturing data determination model.
The fracturing data determination model is obtained by taking mass geological data or geological data grade information as input and corresponding fracturing data records as output training, wherein the fracturing data records comprise the fracturing cluster number, the fracturing discharge capacity, the liquid volume scale and the sand volume scale when single-stage multi-cluster fracturing is carried out.
The fracture parameter determination module 85 is configured to perform fracture productivity analysis by:
and performing effective perforation cluster proportion analysis based on the single-stage multi-cluster fracturing according to historical productivity data, and determining that the effective subsection lower limit of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing is 50-70% of the total cluster number of the single-stage multi-cluster fracturing according to the effective perforation cluster proportion.
And (3) enabling the total fracturing liquid amount, the total sand amount and the total cluster number to be consistent, and determining the lower limit of the displacement value of the single-section single cluster to be the single-section multi-cluster average displacement of the single-section multi-cluster fracturing on the basis of the single-section multi-cluster average displacement and fracturing fracture parameters.
The fracture parameter determination module 85 is further configured to:
determining the number of stages, the displacement, the liquid quantity scale and the sand quantity scale of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing according to the effective lower limit of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing and the displacement value lower limit determined by analysis and in combination with geological data corresponding to the stratum to be fractured; or
And determining the number of stages, the displacement, the liquid quantity scale and the sand quantity scale of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing of the stratum to be fractured according to the determined geological data grade and by combining the effective lower limit of the stages and the displacement value lower limit of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing.
And storing the determined number of sections, the determined displacement, the determined liquid amount scale and the determined sand amount scale into a stratum fracturing data list.
In the single-section single-cluster dense fracturing system provided by the embodiment of the invention, each module or unit structure can be independently operated or operated in a combined mode according to actual application requirements so as to realize corresponding technical effects.
It is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments of the invention are not limited to the particular structures, process steps, or materials disclosed herein but are extended to equivalents thereof as would be understood by those ordinarily skilled in the relevant arts. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting.
Reference in the specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, appearances of the phrase "an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above descriptions are only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A single-segment single-cluster dense fracturing method, characterized in that the method comprises:
s1, acquiring geological data related to fracturing of the stratum to be fractured;
s2, determining the fracturing cluster number, the fracturing discharge capacity, the liquid volume scale and the sand volume scale of single-stage multi-cluster fracturing applicable to the stratum to be fractured according to geological data of the stratum to be fractured;
and S3, performing fracturing productivity analysis based on the fracturing cluster number, the fracturing discharge capacity, the liquid volume scale and the sand volume scale of the single-stage multi-cluster fracturing, and determining the number of stages, the discharge capacity, the liquid volume scale and the sand volume scale of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing of the stratum to be fractured according to the analysis result.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, further comprising:
and grading the compressibility of the stratum to be fractured according to the stratum depth, the reservoir stress and the reservoir plasticity in the geological data, and storing the grading result of the geological data and the corresponding geological data in a stratum fracturing data list in a correlation manner.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in step S2, comprising:
inputting geological data or geological data grade of a stratum to be fractured into a pre-constructed fracturing data determination model, and acquiring the fracturing cluster number, fracturing discharge capacity, liquid volume scale and sand volume scale of single-section multi-cluster fracturing corresponding to the fracturing data determination model;
the fracturing data determination model is obtained by taking geological data or geological data grade information as input and corresponding fracturing data records as output training, wherein the fracturing data records comprise fracturing cluster number, fracturing discharge capacity, liquid volume scale and sand volume scale when single-stage multi-cluster fracturing is carried out.
4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in step S3, the fracture productivity analysis is performed by:
performing effective perforation cluster proportion analysis based on single-stage multi-cluster fracturing according to historical productivity data, and determining the effective subsection lower limit of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing to be the set proportion of the total cluster number of the single-stage multi-cluster fracturing;
and (3) enabling the total fracturing liquid amount, the total sand amount and the total cluster number to be consistent, and determining the lower limit of the displacement value of the single-section single cluster based on the single-section multi-cluster average displacement and the fracturing fracture parameters.
5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step S3, the process of determining the number of stages, the displacement, the liquid volume scale and the sand volume scale of the single-stage and single-cluster fracturing performed on the stratum to be fractured according to the analysis result comprises:
determining the number of stages, the displacement, the liquid quantity scale and the sand quantity scale of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing according to the effective lower limit of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing and the displacement value lower limit determined by analysis and in combination with geological data corresponding to the stratum to be fractured; or
Determining the number of stages, the displacement, the liquid quantity scale and the sand quantity scale of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing of the stratum to be fractured according to the determined geological parameter grade and by combining the effective stage lower limit and the displacement value lower limit of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing;
and storing the determined number of sections, the determined displacement, the determined liquid amount scale and the determined sand amount scale into a stratum fracturing data list.
6. A single-stage, single-cluster, dense fracturing system, the system comprising:
the geological data acquisition module is used for acquiring geological data related to fracturing of a stratum to be fractured;
the middle parameter determining module is used for determining the fracturing cluster number, the fracturing discharge capacity, the liquid volume scale and the sand volume scale of single-stage multi-cluster fracturing suitable for the stratum to be fractured according to geological data of the stratum to be fractured;
and the fracturing parameter determination module is used for performing fracturing productivity analysis based on the fracturing cluster number, the fracturing discharge capacity, the liquid volume scale and the sand volume scale of the single-stage multi-cluster fracturing, and determining the number of stages, the discharge capacity, the liquid volume scale and the sand volume scale of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing executed on the stratum to be fractured according to the analysis result.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the geological data acquisition module is further configured to:
and grading the compressibility of the stratum to be fractured according to the stratum depth, the reservoir stress and the reservoir plasticity in the geological data, and storing the grading result of the geological data and the corresponding geological data in a stratum fracturing data list in a correlation manner.
8. The system of claim 6 or 7, wherein the intermediate parameter determination module is further configured to:
inputting geological data or geological data grade of a stratum to be fractured into a pre-constructed fracturing data determination model, and acquiring the fracturing cluster number, fracturing discharge capacity, liquid volume scale and sand volume scale of single-section multi-cluster fracturing corresponding to the fracturing data determination model;
the fracturing data determination model is obtained by taking geological data or geological data grade information as input and corresponding fracturing data records as output training, wherein the fracturing data records comprise fracturing cluster number, fracturing discharge capacity, liquid volume scale and sand volume scale when single-stage multi-cluster fracturing is carried out.
9. The system of any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the fracture parameter determination module is configured to perform fracture productivity analysis by:
performing effective perforation cluster proportion analysis based on single-stage multi-cluster fracturing according to historical productivity data, and determining the effective subsection lower limit of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing to be the set proportion of the total cluster number of the single-stage multi-cluster fracturing;
and (3) enabling the total fracturing liquid amount, the total sand amount and the total cluster number to be consistent, and determining the lower limit of the displacement value of the single-section single cluster based on the single-section multi-cluster average displacement and the fracturing fracture parameters.
10. The system of claim 6, wherein the fracture parameter determination module is further configured to:
determining the number of stages, the displacement, the liquid quantity scale and the sand quantity scale of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing according to the effective lower limit of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing and the displacement value lower limit determined by analysis and in combination with geological data corresponding to the stratum to be fractured;
or
Determining the number of stages, the displacement, the liquid quantity scale and the sand quantity scale of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing of the stratum to be fractured according to the determined geological parameter grade and by combining the effective stage lower limit and the displacement value lower limit of the single-stage single-cluster fracturing;
and storing the determined number of sections, the determined displacement, the determined liquid amount scale and the determined sand amount scale into a stratum fracturing data list.
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