CN110469309B - Low-pressure tight oil reservoir energy-supplementing fracturing method - Google Patents
Low-pressure tight oil reservoir energy-supplementing fracturing method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- PFUVRDFDKPNGAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium peroxide Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][O-] PFUVRDFDKPNGAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002349 well water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/267—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures reinforcing fractures by propping
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/30—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells
- E21B43/305—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells comprising at least one inclined or horizontal well
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-pressure tight oil reservoir energy-supplementing fracturing method, which comprises the following steps: arranging a plurality of long horizontal wells in the low-pressure tight oil reservoir, wherein the well shafts of the long horizontal wells are parallel to each other in pairs and are perpendicular to the direction of the maximum main stress of the stratum; each long horizontal well is accurately fractured and slotted by close cutting; obtaining the required ground entering liquid amount when the fracturing fracture can completely cover all the long horizontal well intervals and each long horizontal well section through the simulation of full three-dimensional fracturing software; calculating the amount of the replenishing liquid required when the formation pressure in the range of the long horizontal well reaches a preset multiple of the original formation pressure; and fracturing all the long horizontal wells according to the amount of the liquid entering the ground and the amount of the liquid replenished into the ground. The invention can slow down the yield decline of the low-pressure compact oil reservoir, prolong the stable production period, improve the extraction degree and increase the single-well accumulated yield in the single-well full life cycle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of oil and gas field exploration and development, and relates to a low-pressure compact oil reservoir energy-supplementing fracturing method.
Background
At present, low-pressure compact oil reservoirs are mainly developed by adopting horizontal well quasi-natural energy or vertical well water injection horizontal well oil extraction.
However, under the condition of quasi-natural energy development after horizontal well volume fracturing, the initial yield is high, but the yield is greatly reduced due to the fact that energy supplement cannot be obtained, the annual rate of decrease reaches about 40%, and the final production degree generally does not exceed 25%; under the condition of oil extraction development of the vertical well water injection horizontal well, although stratum energy is supplemented, injected water is expanded radially, swept area is limited, residual oil area is large, the oil extraction horizontal well is easy to see water, high water content and even violent flooding are caused, and the final extraction degree is only about 30%. It follows that both of these oil recovery developments have high annual rate reductions and low cumulative oil production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a low-pressure tight oil reservoir energy-supplementing fracturing method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
a low-pressure tight oil reservoir energy-supplementing fracturing method comprises the following steps:
s1: arranging a plurality of long horizontal wells in the low-pressure tight oil reservoir, wherein the well bores of the long horizontal wells are parallel to each other in pairs and are perpendicular to the direction of the maximum main stress of the stratum;
s2: each long horizontal well is accurately fractured and slotted by close cutting;
s3: obtaining the required ground entering liquid amount when the fracturing fracture can completely cover all the long horizontal well intervals and each long horizontal well section through full three-dimensional fracturing software; calculating the amount of the replenishing liquid required when the formation pressure in the range of the long horizontal well reaches a preset multiple of the original formation pressure;
s4: and fracturing all the long horizontal wells according to the amount of the liquid entering the ground and the amount of the liquid replenished into the ground.
The invention further improves the following steps:
the horizontal section lengths of all the long horizontal wells in the S1 are more than or equal to 1500m, and the well spacing of all the long horizontal wells is more than or equal to 400 m.
The specific method of S2 is as follows:
by closely cutting each long horizontal well with accurate fracture arrangement, the length of a single section of each long horizontal well is 40-60 m, 3-6 clusters are arranged on the single section, and the cluster distance is 5-15 m.
The preset multiple in the S3 is 110-130%.
The specific method for calculating the amount of the supplementary formation fluid required when the formation pressure in the range of the long horizontal well reaches the preset multiple of the original formation pressure in the S3 comprises the following steps:
calculating the amount of the replenishing soil fluid required when the formation pressure in the range of the long horizontal well reaches a preset multiple of the original formation pressure according to the following formula:
ΔV＝Ct·V·ΔP
wherein, DeltaV is the amount of the ground fluid to be replenished, CtThe method is characterized in that the method is a comprehensive compression coefficient of a reservoir, V is the volume of the reservoir in the range of the long horizontal well-the volume of liquid entering the ground, and delta P is the increased formation pressure when the formation pressure in the range of the long horizontal well reaches a preset multiple of the original formation pressure.
Further comprising:
s5: and when all the long horizontal wells are fractured, injecting a propping agent into the fractured fractures, wherein the effective propping fracture length of the propping agent is 95% of the well spacing of the long horizontal wells.
And a sodium peroxide oxide layer is arranged on the outer wall of the proppant in the S5.
The thickness of the sodium peroxide oxide layer is 0.18-0.25 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
by injecting the amount of the replenishing ground liquid into the reservoir, the formation pressure of the reservoir is improved, the formation pressure of the reservoir in the exploitation process is guaranteed for a low-pressure compact oil reservoir, the yield decrease of an oil production well is effectively inhibited, the stable production period is prolonged, the exploitation degree is improved, and the single-well accumulated yield in the whole life cycle of a single well is increased. Meanwhile, the long horizontal well shafts are parallel in pairs, the long horizontal well shafts are perpendicular to the direction of the maximum principal stress of the stratum, and because the direction of the fracturing cracks is parallel to the direction of the maximum principal stress, when the horizontal well shafts are perpendicular to the direction of the maximum principal stress of the stratum, transverse fractures perpendicular to the well shafts can be generated, so that the fracture control area can be increased; by closely cutting each long horizontal well with accurate fracture arrangement, the contact area between the fracture and the oil reservoir is further increased by carrying out the fracture arrangement in an encrypted manner.
Furthermore, the horizontal section lengths of all the long horizontal wells are more than or equal to 1500m, the well spacing of all the long horizontal wells is more than or equal to 400m, and the control storage capacity of a single well is larger under the conditions of the long horizontal wells and the large well spacing.
Furthermore, the length of a single section of each long horizontal well ranges from 40 m to 60m, 3-6 clusters are arranged on the single section, the cluster spacing ranges from 5m to 15m, high-density seam distribution can be achieved through the small cluster spacing, and the crack control area is increased.
Furthermore, when all long horizontal wells are fractured, a propping agent is injected into the fractured fractures, the effective propping seam length of the propping agent is 95% of the well spacing of the long horizontal wells, and the propping seam length is 95% of the well spacing, so that the fractured fractures can control the reserve between the two horizontal wells to the maximum extent, but the fracturing cannot affect the transformation effect.
Furthermore, a sodium peroxide oxidation layer is arranged on the outer wall of the propping agent, the sodium peroxide oxidation layer can generate gas through chemical reaction with high-salinity stratum water, and after the oil reservoir pressure gradually decreases along with the increase of the production time, the gas released by the propping agent reaction is used for supplementing energy for a long time, so that the oil production stable period is further prolonged, and the accumulated oil yield and the extraction degree are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the cloth seam of the present invention.
Wherein: 1-long horizontal well shaft; 2-fracturing the fracture; 3-a proppant.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1 and 2, the invention relates to a low-pressure tight reservoir energy-supplementing fracturing method, which comprises the following steps:
s1: arranging a plurality of long horizontal wells in the low-pressure tight oil reservoir, wherein the well shafts 1 of the long horizontal wells are parallel to each other in pairs, and the well shafts 1 of the long horizontal wells are perpendicular to the direction of the maximum main stress of the stratum; the horizontal section lengths of all the long horizontal wells are more than or equal to 1500m, and the well spacing of all the long horizontal wells is more than or equal to 400 m.
S2: by closely cutting each long horizontal well with accurate fracture arrangement, the length of a single section of each long horizontal well is 40-60 m, 3-6 clusters are arranged on the single section, and the cluster distance is 5-15 m.
S3: calculating the amount of the liquid required by the fracturing crack 2 to completely cover the reservoir between the corresponding single sections of the adjacent horizontal wells through the Meyer of the full three-dimensional fracturing software, and calculating the amount of the liquid required for replenishing the ground when the formation pressure in the range of the long horizontal well reaches 110-130% of the original formation pressure; the specific method for calculating the amount of the replenishing liquid needed when the formation pressure in the range of the long horizontal well reaches the preset multiple of the original formation pressure comprises the following steps:
calculating the amount of the replenishing soil fluid required when the formation pressure in the range of the long horizontal well reaches a preset multiple of the original formation pressure according to the following formula:
ΔV＝Ct·V·ΔP
wherein, DeltaV is the amount of the ground fluid to be replenished, CtIs the comprehensive compressibility of the reservoir, V is lengthThe volume of a reservoir in the range of the horizontal well and the volume of liquid entering the ground, wherein delta P is the formation pressure increased when the formation pressure in the range of the long horizontal well reaches a preset multiple of the original formation pressure.
S4: fracturing all the long horizontal wells through a fracturing unit according to the amount of the liquid entering the ground and the amount of the liquid replenished into the ground;
s5: when all long horizontal wells are fractured, a propping agent 3 is injected into the fractured fractures 2, wherein the effective propping fracture length of the propping agent 3 is 95% of the well spacing of the long horizontal wells, a sodium peroxide oxidation layer is arranged on the outer wall of the propping agent 3, the oxidation layer can chemically react with high-salinity formation water to generate gas, and the thickness of the oxidation layer is 0.18-0.25 mm. The starting of the chemical reaction is controlled by the content of chloride ions in the contacted fluid, when the content of the chloride ions is more than 15000mg/L, the reaction starts to occur and gas is slowly released, the whole reaction time can last for 2-3 years, and every 1m3Proppant 3 can be released more than 300m cumulatively3A gas.
Examples
20 long horizontal wells are deployed in a low-pressure tight oil reservoir, the horizontal section is 1500m long, every two horizontal wells are parallel to each other, the well spacing is 800m, and the long horizontal wells are perpendicular to the direction of the maximum main stress of the stratum. The thickness of an oil layer is 15m, the pressure of an original stratum is 15.8MPa, and the comprehensive compression coefficient is 0.0005MPa-1。
By adopting a close cutting accurate fracturing crack arrangement design, the average single-section length of the horizontal well is 55m, the average single-section perforation is 5 clusters, and the average cluster spacing is 8.5 m.
The relation between the single-section ground-entering liquid volume of the long horizontal well and the half-zone length of the fracturing crack 2 is simulated by adopting full three-dimensional fracturing software, the model is corrected by combining the early-stage underground micro-seismic monitoring result of the block, and the simulation result shows that when the single-section ground-entering liquid volume of the long horizontal well reaches 1400m3In time, the fracture 2 basically realizes full coverage between wells and between sections.
Starting from the aspect of supplementing the formation energy, the relation between the amount of the liquid entering the ground and the energization is calculated according to an oil reservoir engineering method, the formation energy in the reconstruction volume range of the fracturing fracture 2 under the condition of the well spacing of 800m reaches 110 percent of the original formation pressure, and the amount of the liquid needs to be increased by 400m3Synthesis of the above fracture 2 siteThe required liquid amount is 1800m for the single-section ground entering liquid amount of the compact oil long horizontal well3。
According to the optimal simulation calculation of the effective supporting seam length reaching 95 percent of the well spacing, the amount of the single-section proppant 3 is 155m3The proppant 3 adopts a spherical double-layer structure multifunctional proppant 3, and the core is formed by sintering bauxite and corundum sand at high temperature. The outer layer is covered with a strong oxidation layer which can generate a large amount of gas through chemical reaction with high-salinity stratum water and has the thickness of 0.18-0.25 mm. The starting of the chemical reaction is controlled by the content of chloride ions in the contacted fluid, when the content of the chloride ions is more than 15000mg/L, the reaction starts to occur and gas is slowly released, the whole reaction time can last for 2-3 years, and every 1m3Proppant 3 can be released more than 300m cumulatively3。
1 set of fracturing unit is equipped, and 155m of sand is added according to average single section3Single-stage soil-entering liquid quantity is 1800m3Injection displacement of 12m3And fracturing all long horizontal wells by using the parameters of/min and 20 percent of average sand ratio.
After the long horizontal well is put into operation, the average single-well one-year accumulated yield reaches 4800t, the two-year accumulated yield reaches 9000t, and the yield reduction rate is 12.5 percent, compared with the average single-well one-year accumulated yield of 3700t in the conventional fracturing, the two-year accumulated yield reaches 6900t, and the yield reduction rate is reduced by about 20 percent. The final extraction degree of the invention is about 90%, and compared with the final extraction degree of about 24% in the prior art, the final extraction degree is greatly improved.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The low-pressure tight oil reservoir energy-supplementing fracturing method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: arranging a plurality of long horizontal wells in the low-pressure tight oil reservoir, wherein the well bores (1) of the long horizontal wells are parallel to each other in pairs, and the well bores (1) of the long horizontal wells are vertical to the direction of the maximum main stress of the stratum;
s2: each long horizontal well is accurately fractured and slotted by close cutting;
s3: obtaining the required ground entering liquid amount when the fracturing fracture (2) can completely cover all the long horizontal well intervals and each long horizontal well section through full three-dimensional fracturing software; calculating the amount of the replenishing liquid required when the formation pressure in the range of the long horizontal well reaches a preset multiple of the original formation pressure;
s4: fracturing all the long horizontal wells according to the amount of the liquid entering the ground and the amount of the liquid supplemented into the ground;
s5: when all long horizontal wells are fractured, a propping agent (3) is injected into the fracturing fracture (2), wherein the effective supporting fracture length of the propping agent (3) is 95% of the well spacing of the long horizontal wells;
and a sodium peroxide oxidation layer is arranged on the outer wall of the proppant (3) in the S5.
2. The low-pressure tight reservoir energy-supplementing fracturing method according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal section lengths of all the long horizontal wells in the S1 are more than or equal to 1500m, and the well intervals of all the long horizontal wells are more than or equal to 400 m.
3. The low-pressure tight reservoir supplementary energy fracturing method of claim 1, wherein the specific method of S2 is as follows:
by closely cutting each long horizontal well with accurate fracture arrangement, the length of a single section of each long horizontal well is 40-60 m, 3-6 clusters are arranged on the single section, and the cluster distance is 5-15 m.
4. The low pressure tight reservoir supplementary energy fracturing method of claim 1, wherein the preset multiple in S3 is 110-130%.
5. The low-pressure tight reservoir energy-supplementing fracturing method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific method for calculating the amount of the supplemented formation fluid required when the formation pressure in the range of the long horizontal well reaches the preset multiple of the original formation pressure in S3 is as follows:
calculating the amount of the replenishing soil fluid required when the formation pressure in the range of the long horizontal well reaches a preset multiple of the original formation pressure according to the following formula:
ΔV＝Ct·V·ΔP
wherein, DeltaV is the amount of the ground fluid to be replenished, CtThe method is characterized in that the method is a comprehensive compression coefficient of a reservoir, V is the volume of the reservoir in the range of the long horizontal well-the volume of liquid entering the ground, and delta P is the increased formation pressure when the formation pressure in the range of the long horizontal well reaches a preset multiple of the original formation pressure.
6. The low-pressure tight reservoir energy-supplementing fracturing method of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the sodium peroxide oxidation layer is 0.18-0.25 mm.
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| CN111648753B (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2022-06-03 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Hydraulic fracturing crack distribution optimization method for newly drilled horizontal well in water injection development well network |
| CN112253068A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2021-01-22 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for improving cumulative yield of compact oil fracturing horizontal well |
| CN112302608B (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2023-02-10 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Horizontal well before-pressure injection fluid development method based on three-dimensional fracturing well pattern |
| CN112943195B (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2023-04-25 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Well pattern failure type development encryption exploitation method for tight oil horizontal well |
| CN112963131A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-15 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Fracturing method for improving oil layer transformation degree of horizontal well of compact oil and gas reservoir |
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| WO2013169242A1 (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2013-11-14 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Enhanced geothermal systems and methods |
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| CN105134158A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-12-09 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Fracturing method for supplementing stratum energy of dense oil reservoir |
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| WO2013169242A1 (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2013-11-14 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Enhanced geothermal systems and methods |
| CN105038758A (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2015-11-11 | 洛阳赛罗帕陶瓷科技有限公司 | Porous petroleum fracturing propping agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN105134158A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-12-09 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Fracturing method for supplementing stratum energy of dense oil reservoir |
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