CN112253068A - Method for improving cumulative yield of compact oil fracturing horizontal well - Google Patents
Method for improving cumulative yield of compact oil fracturing horizontal well Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000005213 imbibition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving the accumulative output of a compact oil fracturing horizontal well, which is characterized in that through the application of the technology, under the development of natural energy without water injection, a more complex artificial network fracture system is formed through large-scale volume fracturing modification by improving the discharge capacity and the amount of liquid entering the ground so as to increase the oil-water contact area, the well is closed and the well is stewed for a period of time instead of immediately blowing out after the fracturing, the amount of stored liquid is improved so as to supplement the formation energy, the imbibition time of the fracture fracturing liquid and a reservoir matrix is prolonged, the oil-water imbibition and displacement effects are promoted, more crude oil is displaced, and the single well accumulative output of the compact oil fracturing horizontal well is further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil exploitation, in particular to a method for improving cumulative yield of a compact oil fracturing horizontal well.
Background
At present, under the development of natural energy without water injection, the discharge capacity and the liquid amount entering the ground of a domestic compact oil reservoir are not very large, a more complex artificial network fracture system is not easy to form by small-scale volume fracturing transformation, and the liquid amount of the stored ground is reduced by open flow immediately after the pressure is applied, the energy of the stratum cannot be well supplemented, the method does not utilize the scheme of stewing the well after the pressure to improve the liquid amount of the stored ground to supplement the energy of the stratum, and the production decrement is larger; meanwhile, the advantage of maximized contact area between the network fracture system and oil and water is not utilized to exert the oil and water imbibition and displacement effect, so that more crude oil is displaced to further improve the single-well accumulated yield of the compact reservoir horizontal well.
The compact oil reservoir is easy to form complex 'net-shaped' cracks due to high brittleness index of the oil reservoir and relative development of natural cracks and volume fracturing. From the results of large rock physical simulation tests and underground micro-seismic tests, artificial fractures are not mainly single transverse fractures, stratum micro-seismic response signals are concentrated in the fracturing process, and more complex 'net-shaped' fractures are formed. The natural microcracks of the compact oil reservoir develop, water flooding is easy to communicate with waterlines to cause water flooding, natural energy is adopted for development, and the yield is decreased quickly when formation energy cannot be supplemented. The damage of the fracturing fluid to the stratum is considered after the early stage of fracturing, and the production mode of immediate blowout after the fracturing is adopted, so that the energy of the stratum is reduced very quickly on one hand, and the seepage and absorption effects are not favorably exerted on the other hand.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for improving the accumulated yield of a compact oil fracturing horizontal well, which is suitable for an oil gas reservoir which has oil-water imbibition and displacement effects and is put into operation after volume fracturing and fracturing of the compact reservoir horizontal well for quasi-natural energy exploitation, so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for improving the accumulative output of a compact oil fracturing horizontal well is based on the geological characteristics of low pressure, low permeability and the like of a compact oil reservoir, under the development of natural energy without water injection, a more complex artificial network fracture system is formed by large-scale volume fracturing modification by improving the discharge capacity and the amount of liquid entering the ground so as to increase the oil-water contact area, after the fracturing, the discharge is not immediately released, the well is closed and the well is stewed for a period of time, the amount of liquid stored in the ground is improved to supplement the formation energy, the imbibition time of the fracture fracturing liquid and a reservoir matrix is increased, the oil-water imbibition and displacement effect is promoted, more crude oil is displaced, and the single well accumulative output of the compact oil reservoir horizontal well is:
step 1, changing the single artificial fracture design technical thought of fracturing, improving the fracturing discharge capacity:
aiming at the characteristics of high brittleness index and relative development of natural fractures of a compact oil reservoir, the idea that the conventional fracturing artificial fracture design is mainly used for forming a single fracture is changed, the fracturing design is used for increasing net pressure by improving fracturing discharge capacity to form a complex 'net-shaped' fracture and increasing the oil-water contact area, and the discharge capacity is 4m from the conventional fracturing3Increased min to 8-12 m3/min。
And 2, changing the idea of reducing the fracturing scale due to the pressure channeling, and improving the single-stage ground liquid entering amount:
the conventional fracturing well of the Ordos basin corresponds to a water injection well to supplement energy, and the amount of liquid entering the ground at each section is small. The compact oil horizontal well adopts natural energy development without water injection, the slow decrease caused by the fact that the formation energy cannot be supplemented in the later period is considered, the ground entering liquid quantity is increased during fracturing to supplement the formation energy, and the ground entering liquid quantity of each section is 400m from the conventional one3Increased to 1000-2000 m3。
And 3, changing a production mode of immediate flowback after fracturing, closing the well after fracturing and stewing for 7-10 days:
the technical mode of immediate blowout after early stage pressure is not favorable for the exertion of the imbibition effect on the one hand because the formation energy is reduced rapidly. The compact oil in the Ordos basin has medium-weak hydrophilicity and obvious reservoir seepage and absorption effects. Relevant experimental tests show that the damage rate of the stratum to the reservoir is low when the fracturing fluid which is cleaner and has less damage to the stratum is reserved for a long time, and immediate blowout can be avoided after fracturing. By adopting a production mode that the fracturing is not immediately open-blown but shut-in and shut-in are carried out for 7-10 days, on one hand, the amount of the stored liquid can be increased to supplement the formation energy, on the other hand, the contact time of the fracturing liquid and the reservoir is prolonged to promote the oil-water imbibition between the fracture and the reservoir matrix, more crude oil is displaced, and the accumulated yield is increased.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
according to the invention, a more complex artificial network crack system is formed by large-scale volume fracturing transformation by improving the discharge capacity and the ground liquid inflow amount so as to increase the oil-water contact area and promote the oil-water imbibition and replacement effect; and after the fracturing, the open flow is not immediately released, but the well is closed and the well is shut down for a period of time, so that the amount of the stored liquid is increased to supplement the formation energy, and the imbibition time of the fracture fracturing fluid and the reservoir matrix is increased.
Furthermore, aiming at the characteristics of high brittleness index of a compact oil reservoir and relative development of natural fractures, the idea that the conventional fracturing artificial fracture design is mainly used for forming a single fracture is changed, the fracturing design increases net pressure by improving fracturing discharge capacity to form a complex 'net-shaped' fracture and increase the oil-water contact area, and the discharge capacity is 4m from the conventional fracturing3Increased min to 8-12 m3In the method, a compact oil horizontal well is developed by adopting natural energy without water injection, the slow decrease speed caused by the fact that the formation energy cannot be supplemented in the later period is considered, the ground entering liquid quantity is increased during fracturing to supplement the formation energy, and the ground entering liquid quantity of each section is 400m from the conventional one3Increased to 1000-2000 m3To form a more complex artificial network fracture system to increase the oil-water contact area.
Furthermore, the technical mode of immediate blowout after early-stage fracturing is that the stratum energy is reduced quickly on one hand, and the other hand is not beneficial to the exertion of the imbibition effect, and related experimental tests show that the damage rate of the stratum caused by long-time retention of the fracturing fluid which is cleaner and has less damage to the stratum to the reservoir is smaller, and the condition that immediate blowout is not performed after fracturing can be considered. By adopting a production mode that the fracturing is not immediately open-blown but shut-in and shut-in are carried out for 7-10 days, on one hand, the amount of the stored liquid can be increased to supplement the formation energy, on the other hand, the contact time of the fracturing liquid and the reservoir is prolonged to promote the oil-water imbibition between the fracture and the reservoir matrix, more crude oil is displaced, and the accumulated yield is increased.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below:
the invention breaks through the traditional recognition, the compact oil is developed under the condition of no water injection natural energy, a more complex artificial network fracture system is formed by large-scale volume fracturing modification by improving the discharge capacity and the ground liquid inflow amount so as to increase the oil-water contact area, the well is closed and the well is stewed for a period of time without immediately blowing after the compression, the ground liquid inflow amount is improved to supplement the formation energy, the decrement is reduced, the imbibition time of the fracture fracturing liquid and the reservoir matrix is increased, the oil-water imbibition displacement effect is promoted, more crude oil is displaced, and the further increase of the accumulated yield of a single well of a compact horizontal well is realized.
Based on the geological features of compact oil reservoir low pressure and low permeability, under the development of natural energy without water injection:
aiming at the characteristics of high brittleness index and relative development of natural fractures of a compact oil reservoir, the idea that the conventional fracturing artificial fracture design is mainly used for forming a single fracture is changed, the fracturing design is used for increasing net pressure by improving fracturing discharge capacity to form a complex 'net-shaped' fracture and increasing the oil-water contact area, and the discharge capacity is 4m from the conventional fracturing3Increased min to 8-12 m3/min。
Changing the idea of reducing the fracturing scale due to the pressure channeling, considering that the later stratum energy cannot be supplemented to cause fast decrease, increasing the amount of the ground liquid entering the fracturing to supplement the stratum energy, and increasing the amount of the ground liquid entering each section from the conventional 400m3 to 1000-2000 m3。
And (3) changing the production mode of immediate flowback after fracturing, and closing the well and soaking for 7-10 days instead of immediate open flow after fracturing. On one hand, the amount of the stored liquid can be increased to supplement the formation energy, on the other hand, the contact time of the fracturing fluid and the reservoir is prolonged to promote the oil-water imbibition between the fracture and the reservoir matrix, more crude oil is displaced, and the accumulated yield is increased.
The following is further illustrated with reference to specific examples:
a method for improving the accumulated yield of a compact oil-pressure-fractured horizontal well provides three new technical ideas for improving the accumulated yield of the compact oil-pressure-fractured horizontal well by increasing the oil-water contact area through forming a seam network, supplementing energy during fracturing, not immediately blowing and flowback after fracturing, but closing a well and soaking to enhance the oil-water imbibition and displacement effect. The process is characterized in that: aiming at the characteristics of high brittleness index and relative development of natural fractures of a compact oil reservoir, the idea that a single fracture is mainly formed by conventional fracturing artificial fracture design is changed, the fracturing design increases net pressure by improving fracturing discharge capacity to form a complex 'net-shaped' fracture and increase the oil-water contact area, and the discharge capacity is 4m from the conventional fracturing3Increased min to 8-12 m3And/min. (ii) a And the conventional fracturing well of the Ordos basin corresponds to a water injection well to supplement energy, and the amount of liquid entering the ground at each section is small. Aiming at a compact oil horizontal well, natural energy development without water injection is adopted, the problem of fast decrease caused by failure in supplementing stratum energy in the later period is considered, the ground entering liquid quantity is increased during fracturing to supplement the stratum energy, and the ground entering liquid quantity of each section is 400m from the conventional one3Increased to 1000-2000 m3(ii) a And thirdly, the technical mode of immediately blowing after early stage pressure is that on one hand, the energy of the stratum is reduced quickly, and on the other hand, the absorption effect is not brought into play. The compact oil in the Ordos basin has medium-weak hydrophilicity and obvious reservoir seepage and absorption effects. Relevant experimental tests show that the damage rate of the stratum to the reservoir is low when the fracturing fluid which is cleaner and has less damage to the stratum is reserved for a long time, and immediate blowout can be avoided after fracturing. By adopting a production mode that the fracturing is not immediately open-blown but shut-in and shut-in are carried out for 7-10 days, on one hand, the amount of the stored liquid can be increased to supplement the formation energy, on the other hand, the contact time of the fracturing liquid and the reservoir is prolonged to promote the oil-water imbibition between the fracture and the reservoir matrix, more crude oil is displaced, and the accumulated yield is increased.
The technical method of the invention is further explained by taking a certain block of horizontal well A as an example.
The average horizontal section length of the block is 1000m, and the parameters are designed according to the conventional fracturing thought: the interval between the sections is 80-100m, and 10 sections of the number of the sections are reconstructed. Design fracturing discharge capacity 4.0m3Permin, single-stage sand amount 50m3Single stage liquid volume of 600m3Total sand addition 500m3Total volume of solution poured into the ground of 6000m3And the pressure is immediately released and sprayed, and the amount of the back-flow liquid is 2200m3The average daily oil production of a single well at the initial stage of putting the well into production is 8.0t/d, the pressure of the stratum is kept at 46 percent after one year without water injection natural energy development, the yield is reduced to 3.5t/d of daily oil production, and the cumulative yield of two years of production is 3020 t.
The well A is designed with parameters according to the technical idea: the design fracturing discharge capacity is reduced to 10m3Min, single-stage sand amount 120m3Single stage liquid volume 1200m3Total sand addition of 12000m3Total volume of liquid put into the ground 12000m3Closing the well and soaking the well for 10 days without open flow immediately after pressing, and the flow-back liquid amount is 0m3After the pressure is increased, the self-injection production is 13.7t/d in the initial stage of production, the formation pressure is kept at 84% after one year without water injection natural energy development, the yield is decreased to 10.5t/d of daily oil production, the cumulative yield is 6520t in two years, the formation energy is supplemented, and the cumulative yield of a single well is improved.
Claims (5)
1. A method for improving the accumulated yield of a compact oil fracturing horizontal well is characterized in that based on the geological characteristics of low pressure, low permeability and the like of a compact oil reservoir, a more complex artificial network fracture system is formed through large-scale volume fracturing modification by improving the discharge capacity and the amount of liquid entering the ground under the condition of not developing natural energy of water injection to increase the oil-water contact area, the well is closed for stewing for a period of time instead of immediately blowing after the fracturing, the amount of the liquid stored in the well is improved to supplement the formation energy, the imbibition time of the fracture fracturing liquid and a reservoir matrix is prolonged, the oil-water imbibition displacement effect is promoted, more crude oil is displaced, and the further improvement of the accumulated yield of a single well of the compact oil reservoir horizontal well.
2. The method for improving the cumulative production of the tight oil fractured horizontal well according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: increasing net pressure by increasing fracturing displacement to form complex network cracks and increase oil-water contact area;
step 2: increasing the amount of the liquid entering the ground to supplement the formation energy during fracturing;
and step 3: and closing the well and stewing the well after fracturing.
3. The method for improving cumulative yield of the tight oil fractured horizontal well according to claim 2, wherein in the step 1, the fracturing discharge capacity is improved to 8-12 m3/min。
4. The method for improving the accumulative production of the compact oil-fractured horizontal well as claimed in claim 2, wherein the amount of the liquid entering the ground in the step 2 is increased to 1000-2000 m3。
5. The method for improving the cumulative yield of the tight oil fractured horizontal well according to claim 2, wherein in the step 3, the well is shut down and shut down for 7-10 days.
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Patent Citations (8)
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CN105134158A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-12-09 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Fracturing method for supplementing stratum energy of dense oil reservoir |
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Application publication date: 20210122 |