CN112990629A - Unconventional oil and gas reservoir exploitation method and system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides an unconventional oil and gas reservoir exploitation method and a system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: aiming at unconventional oil and gas wells which are not newly put into production, corresponding yield prediction and formation pressure distribution prediction models are established, different model parameters are determined and assigned, and then the historical production pressure and yield data are used for fitting and adjusting the models and the model parameters to obtain target models meeting preset requirements; then analyzing and acquiring formation pressure of different fracturing sections of the oil-gas well by using the obtained target model and/or dynamically monitoring and acquiring yield contribution data of the different fracturing sections, and selecting the energy-supplementing fracturing sections according to the data; and selecting alternate energy-supplementing fracturing sections aiming at the newly-put-into-production unconventional oil and gas wells, and finally injecting a medium into the selected fracturing sections to implement production. Adopt above-mentioned scheme to exploit unconventional oil gas well and overcome in the traditional art that different fracturing section output and residual oil mass difference are big, the whole poor defect of exploitation effect, avoided the cost of new injection well of driling simultaneously.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of unconventional oil and gas exploration and development, in particular to an unconventional oil and gas reservoir exploitation method and system.
Background
The total reserves of unconventional gas reservoirs (such as shale gas and compact gas) and unconventional oil reservoirs (such as shale oil and compact oil) are rich and are important oil and gas replacing resources. The breakthrough has been realized by partial unconventional resource development, for example, shale gas resource amount reaches 25.1 ten thousand in the third exploration and development country in the world.
Due to the extremely low permeability and high exploitation difficulty of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs, effective development can be realized only by horizontal well drilling and multi-section fracturing technologies. At present, an unconventional gas reservoir is developed when the gas reservoir is exhausted, the gas reservoir relies on self energy for exploitation, and due to heterogeneity of reservoir physical properties, difference of fracturing effects and difference of pressure distribution in the exploitation process, difference of residual gas quantity in control ranges of different fracture sections is large, so that exploitation effects of partial fracture sections are poor, and the overall exploitation effect is influenced. The unconventional oil reservoir is sometimes developed by well group water injection/gas injection, the injection well displaces the formation oil into the production well, the production well is drilled in the exploitation mode, the injection well is additionally drilled, the drilling cost and the labor consumption are increased, on the other hand, the production well section is long, the reservoir heterogeneity is strong, if a hypertonic zone, a natural fracture zone and the like are met in the displacement process, a 'superior channel' of partial fracture section displacement can be caused, other fracture sections which really need to be displaced cannot be effectively displaced, and the development effect of the unconventional oil well is greatly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides an unconventional reservoir production method, which, in one embodiment, includes: judging whether the current unconventional oil and gas well is a new production well, if so, setting one or more fracturing sections as supplementary energy fracturing sections alternately based on a set interval time period, and otherwise, executing the following operation:
if the unconventional oil and gas well is not a new production well, establishing a corresponding yield prediction and formation pressure distribution prediction model aiming at the unconventional oil and gas well, determining model parameters for establishing the model, and assigning values to different model parameters;
fitting and adjusting the established model and the model parameters by using historical production pressure and yield data within a set time period from the current moment to obtain a target model and target model parameters which meet preset requirements;
analyzing the formation pressure in the control ranges of different fracturing sections of the unconventional oil and gas well through the target model according to a set time interval, acquiring yield contribution data in the control ranges of different fracturing sections of the unconventional oil and gas well by utilizing a formation dynamic monitoring technology, and selecting one or more energy-supplementing fracturing sections according to a pressure distribution analysis result and/or the yield contribution data;
and injecting one or more media into the supplementary energy fracturing section to perform production.
In one embodiment, the model parameters include: and the yield prediction and formation pressure distribution prediction model corresponds to an oil/gas reservoir model, well type data, a fluid type model, fracture forms and parameters, wellbore conditions and outer boundary conditions.
In a preferred embodiment, the step of assigning the different model parameters includes: if the natural fractures of the unconventional oil and gas wells develop, selecting a double-hole model as the oil reservoir/gas reservoir model of the unconventional oil and gas wells, and assigning values to at least the following parameters for representing the oil reservoir/gas reservoir model: original formation pressure, reservoir thickness, reservoir temperature, porosity, channeling coefficient and storage-volume ratio;
if the natural fractures of the unconventional oil and gas wells do not develop, selecting a double-area rectangular composite model as an oil reservoir/gas reservoir model of the unconventional oil and gas wells, wherein the inner area and the outer area select a double-hole model as the gas reservoir model, and assigning values to at least the following parameters characterizing the double-area rectangular composite model: virgin formation pressure, reservoir thickness, reservoir temperature, porosity, inner zone permeability, outer zone permeability, length, width, and height of the inner zone, length, width, and height of the outer zone;
and in the oil reservoir/gas reservoir model of the unconventional oil and gas well, the Young modulus and the Poisson ratio which are sensitive to the characteristic stress are assigned.
In one embodiment, in the step of assigning the different model parameters, the method further includes:
according to different fluid types selected by unconventional oil and gas wells, at least the following parameters for characterizing the fluid types are respectively assigned: density of oil, density of gas, density of water, viscosity of oil, viscosity of gas, and viscosity of water;
when the fluid in an adsorption state exists in the fluid type of the unconventional oil and gas well, assigning values to at least the following characteristic parameters for characterizing the fluid in the adsorption state: langmuir volume and langmuir pressure.
Further, in the step of assigning different model parameters, the method further includes:
if the unconventional oil and gas well is set as an infinite boundary, assigning a maximum numerical value which accords with a set condition to the boundary length and the boundary width of the characteristic outer boundary to represent the infinite boundary;
and if the unconventional oil and gas well is set as a closed boundary, assigning values to at least the following parameters for characterizing the characteristics of the outer boundary: an outer boundary length, an outer boundary width, an outer boundary height;
and if the unconventional oil and gas well is set as a constant pressure boundary, assigning values to at least the following parameters for characterizing the characteristics of the outer boundary: an outer boundary length, an outer boundary width, an outer boundary height, and an outer boundary pressure.
In one embodiment, the step of analyzing the formation pressure within the control range of different fracture zones of the unconventional oil and gas well through the target model comprises the following steps:
analyzing the formation pressure in different fracturing section control ranges of the unconventional oil and gas well in the current set time period through the target model;
and analyzing the formation pressure of the unconventional oil and gas well in the future set time period in different fracturing section control ranges under different production systems through the target model.
In one embodiment, the step of obtaining production contribution data within a control range of different fracture zones of the unconventional oil and gas well by using a formation dynamics monitoring technology comprises the following steps:
obtaining the production contribution data in different fracturing sections of the unconventional oil and gas well by utilizing one or more of the following monitoring methods of a stratum dynamic monitoring technology: the method comprises the following steps of (1) testing a production section, testing a tracer, monitoring distributed optical fiber temperature and monitoring microseism;
and determining the yield contribution data according to the oil and gas yield and the reservoir oil and gas residual quantity in each fracturing section control range.
In one embodiment, the step of selecting one or more supplementary energy fractures based on the pressure profile analysis and/or the production contribution data comprises:
and selecting the fracturing sections with the formation pressure lower than the set pressure threshold value as the fracturing sections needing energy supplement, or selecting the fracturing sections with the production contribution lower than the set production threshold value as the fracturing sections needing energy supplement.
In one embodiment, the injected medium to the supplemental energy fracturing section is associated with the production of unconventional oil and gas wells and comprises one or more of the following media: nitrogen, carbon dioxide, water and a surfactant.
Based on other aspects of the technical scheme, the embodiment of the invention also provides an unconventional oil and gas reservoir production system which executes the method in any one or more embodiments.
Compared with the closest prior art, the invention also has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides an unconventional oil and gas well exploitation method, which aims at an unconventional oil and gas well which is not a new production well, establishes a corresponding yield prediction and formation pressure distribution prediction model, and fits and adjusts the model and model parameters by using historical production pressure and yield data based on model parameters after assignment processing to obtain a target model meeting preset requirements; then analyzing and acquiring formation pressure of different fracturing sections of the oil-gas well by using the obtained target model and/or dynamically monitoring and acquiring yield contribution data of the different fracturing sections, and selecting the energy-supplementing fracturing sections according to the data; and setting fracturing sections as energy-supplementing fracturing sections alternately aiming at the newly-put-into-production unconventional oil and gas wells, and finally injecting a medium into the energy-supplementing fracturing sections for exploitation. The embodiment of the invention adopts different reasonable means for oil and gas wells with different production time, carries out unconventional oil and gas exploitation according to the conditions of the difference of stratum pressure in the development process of unconventional oil reservoirs and unconventional gas reservoirs, the difference of yield contribution data of different fracture sections in the development process and the like, overcomes the defects of large difference of yield and residual oil quantity and poor exploitation effect of different fracture sections in the traditional technology, simultaneously avoids the influence of a hypertonic zone and a natural fracture zone on displacement to a great extent, avoids additional consumption of an additional injection well on the technology of effectively improving the exploitation efficiency of the unconventional oil and gas reservoirs, saves equipment and labor cost in the exploitation process to a great extent, and shortens the construction period.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a method of producing unconventional hydrocarbon reservoirs in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a fracture setting for a newly produced unconventional well for an unconventional reservoir production method in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an unconventional reservoir production system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description will be provided for the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, so that the practitioner of the present invention can fully understand how to apply the technical means to solve the technical problems, achieve the technical effects, and implement the present invention according to the implementation procedures. It should be noted that, unless otherwise conflicting, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, and the technical solutions formed are all within the scope of the present invention.
Unconventional gas reservoirs (such as shale gas and dense gas) and unconventional oil reservoirs (such as shale oil and dense oil) are abundant in reserves and are important oil and gas replacing resources. For example, China becomes the third country in the world where shale gas exploration and development break through, and the shale gas resource amount reaches 25.1 ten thousand.
Due to the fact that permeability of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs is extremely low and exploitation difficulty is high, effective development can be achieved only through horizontal well drilling and multi-section fracturing technologies. At present, an unconventional gas reservoir is developed when the gas reservoir is exhausted, the gas reservoir relies on self energy for exploitation, and due to heterogeneity of reservoir physical properties, difference of fracturing effects and difference of pressure distribution in the exploitation process, difference of residual gas quantity in control ranges of different fracture sections is large, so that exploitation effects of partial fracture sections are poor, and the overall exploitation effect is influenced. The unconventional oil reservoir adopts well group water injection/gas development sometimes, and the injection well displaces the formation oil into the production well, and this exploitation mode also needs to drill the injection well besides the production well, so that the drilling cost is increased.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a novel method for exploiting the unconventional oil and gas reservoir, which is used for injecting a medium (gas/liquid) into a fracturing section with exhausted pressure of the unconventional oil and gas reservoir to supplement formation energy according to the difference of formation pressure in the developing process of the unconventional oil and gas reservoir, the produced and exploited amount of different fracture sections in the developing process and the difference of distribution of residual oil and gas, so that the adjacent fracturing section with more residual oil and gas is displaced, and the overall exploitation effect of the fracturing well section of the unconventional oil and gas reservoir is improved. Various embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow diagram illustrating a method for producing unconventional oil and gas reservoirs according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 1, the method includes the following steps.
Firstly, judging whether an unconventional oil and gas well for exploitation belongs to a newly produced oil and gas well, if the unconventional oil and gas well is not the newly produced oil and gas well, establishing a corresponding yield prediction and formation pressure distribution prediction model aiming at the unconventional oil and gas well, determining model parameters for establishing the model, and assigning values to different model parameters. Wherein, the model parameters involved include: and the oil/gas reservoir model, the well type data, the fluid type model, the fracture form and parameters, the wellbore condition and the outer boundary condition which correspond to the yield prediction and formation pressure distribution prediction model.
In one embodiment, the step of assigning the different model parameters includes: if the natural fracture of the unconventional oil and gas well develops, a double-hole model is selected as an oil reservoir/gas reservoir model, and at least the following parameters for representing the oil reservoir/gas reservoir model are assigned: original formation pressure, reservoir thickness, reservoir temperature, porosity, channeling coefficient and reservoir-to-volume ratio.
If the natural fractures of the unconventional oil and gas well do not develop, selecting a double-area rectangular composite model as an oil reservoir/gas reservoir model, wherein the inner area and the outer area select a double-hole model as the gas reservoir model, and assigning values to at least the following parameters for representing the double-area rectangular composite model: virgin formation pressure, reservoir thickness, reservoir temperature, porosity, inner zone permeability, outer zone permeability, length, width, and height of the inner zone, and length, width, and height of the outer zone.
For unconventional oil and gas wells, in the oil/gas reservoir model, the method further comprises the following steps: and (4) evaluating the Young modulus and the Poisson ratio which characterize the stress sensitivity. In practical applications, for example, for shale oil and gas reservoir wells, if natural fractures develop, a dual-pore model can be generally selected as an oil reservoir/gas reservoir model, and parameters for representing the oil reservoir/gas reservoir model need to be assigned, including original formation pressure, reservoir thickness, reservoir temperature, porosity, channeling coefficient and storage-capacity ratio; if the natural fracture does not develop, a double-region rectangular composite model can be generally selected as an oil reservoir/gas reservoir model, wherein a double-hole model is generally selected as an inner region and an outer region and can be equivalent to a homogeneous model, and the following parameters for representing the double-region rectangular composite model are required to be assigned, including original formation pressure, reservoir thickness, reservoir temperature, porosity, inner region permeability, outer region permeability, length, width and height of the inner region, and length, width and height of the outer region. Particularly, for shale oil and gas reservoirs, due to the fact that reservoir stress sensitivity is relatively serious, generally, in an oil reservoir/gas reservoir model, Young modulus and Poisson ratio which characterize stress sensitivity are assigned.
In an actual unconventional oil and gas exploitation project, because a shale oil and gas well is generally a multi-section fractured horizontal well, the well type of the shale oil and gas well is generally determined to be the multi-section fractured horizontal well, and the assignment needs to be carried out on the length of a horizontal section representing the well type.
In one embodiment, the step of assigning the different model parameters further includes: according to different fluid types selected by unconventional oil and gas wells, at least the following parameters for characterizing the fluid types are respectively assigned: oil density, gas density, water density, oil viscosity, gas viscosity, and water viscosity.
When the fluid in an adsorption state exists in the fluid type of the unconventional oil and gas well, assigning values to at least the following characteristic parameters for characterizing the fluid in the adsorption state: langmuir volume and langmuir pressure. Analyzing in combination with the shale gas reservoir, if only gas is produced, then the gas phase model can be used as its fluid type; and if gas and water are produced simultaneously, a gas-water two-phase model can be used as the fluid type of the gas-water two-phase model. For shale oil reservoirs, if only oil is produced, the oil phase can be used as the fluid type of the oil reservoir; if oil and gas are produced simultaneously, the oil-gas two-phase model can be used as the fluid type; if oil, gas and water are produced simultaneously, an oil, gas and water three-phase model needs to be selected. According to the different fluid types selected, the density of oil, the density of gas, the density of water, the viscosity of oil, the viscosity of gas and the viscosity of water which are used for representing the fluid types are respectively required to be assigned. In particular, in shale reservoirs, since there are fluids in the adsorbed state in addition to fluids in the free state, it is generally desirable to assign characteristic parameters, including langmuir volume, langmuir pressure, that characterize the fluid in the adsorbed state.
The fracture forms of the shale oil and gas well can be generally three, namely a multi-stage regular fracture, a multi-stage irregular fracture and a fracture network, and the number of fractures representing the fracture forms, the position of each fracture, the length of each fracture and the flow conductivity of each fracture need to be assigned.
In one embodiment, the outer boundary of the shale gas reservoir generally has 3 types, such as an infinite boundary, a closed boundary, a constant pressure boundary, etc. Based on this, in the step of assigning different model parameters, the method further includes: if the unconventional oil and gas well is set as an infinite boundary, the infinite boundary is represented by assigning maximum values which accord with set conditions to the boundary length and the boundary width for representing the characteristics of the outer boundary.
If the unconventional oil and gas well is set as a closed boundary, assigning values to at least the following parameters for characterizing the characteristics of the outer boundary: an outer boundary length, an outer boundary width, an outer boundary height.
If the unconventional oil and gas well is set as a constant pressure boundary, assigning values to at least the following parameters for characterizing the outer boundary characteristics: an outer boundary length, an outer boundary width, an outer boundary height, and an outer boundary pressure.
After the unconventional oil and gas well yield prediction and pressure distribution prediction model is established and the model parameters are determined through the steps of the embodiment, history fitting is carried out through production history (pressure data and yield data in the production process), and the model parameters are adjusted, so that the history fitting achieves an ideal effect, and the determined model parameters are obtained. Therefore, the following steps are provided: and fitting and adjusting the established model and model parameters by using historical production pressure and yield data within a set time period from the current moment to obtain a target model and target model parameters meeting preset requirements. In the step, the model fitting optimization is carried out by adopting historical production pressure and yield data within a set time period from the current moment, the synchronization of the updating degree of the fitting data and the exploitation progress of an unconventional oil and gas well is ensured, and the reliability of the target model parameters is well ensured based on a high-precision data base.
By fitting the adjusted production prediction and pressure distribution prediction models, the formation pressures in the control ranges of different fracturing stages of the unconventional oil and gas wells at the current stage can be analyzed, and how the future formation pressure distribution changes under a given production system (such as a given production, wellhead pressure or bottom hole pressure) can be predicted. Therefore, there are: analyzing the formation pressure in the control range of different fracturing sections of the unconventional oil and gas well through a target model, acquiring the yield contribution data in the control range of different fracturing sections of the unconventional oil and gas well by utilizing a formation dynamic monitoring technology, and selecting one or more energy-supplementing fracturing sections according to the pressure distribution analysis result and/or the yield contribution data.
Specifically, considering that the formation pressure data of the unconventional oil and gas well can change dynamically in the continuous production process, and meanwhile, the oil and gas output and the reservoir oil and gas residual quantity in different fracturing section control ranges also change continuously, in a preferred embodiment, it is set that the formation pressure data of each fracturing section of the unconventional oil and gas well is obtained by reanalysis at intervals and the yield contribution data is obtained by monitoring, that is, the method includes: in the step of analyzing the formation pressure in the control range of different fracturing sections of the unconventional oil and gas well through the target model, the method comprises the following steps: (1) analyzing the formation pressure in the control ranges of different fracturing sections of the unconventional oil and gas well in the current set time period through a target model according to the set time interval; and analyzing the formation pressure of the unconventional oil and gas well in the control range of different fracturing sections under different production regimes in a set time period in the future through a target model.
(2) In the step of obtaining the production contribution data in the control range of different fracturing stages of the unconventional oil and gas well by utilizing the formation dynamic monitoring technology, the method comprises the following steps: obtaining the production contribution data in different fracturing sections of the unconventional oil and gas well by utilizing one or more of the following monitoring methods of a stratum dynamic monitoring technology according to a set time interval: production profile testing, tracer testing, distributed optical fiber temperature monitoring and microseism monitoring. Wherein the production contribution data is determined according to the oil gas production quantity and the reservoir oil gas residual quantity in each fracturing section control range,
in practical application, under the condition that the conditions are allowed (well conditions and construction budget), the production conditions of different fracturing sections of an unconventional oil and gas well are determined by means of formation dynamic monitoring (such as production profile testing, tracer testing, distributed optical fiber temperature monitoring and microseismic monitoring). For example, from the production profile test, it can be quantitatively determined which fracture stages have large production contributions, which fracture stages have small production contributions, and which fracture stages have no production contributions.
Further, in the step of selecting one or more supplementary energy fractures based on the pressure profile analysis and/or the production contribution data, the method comprises: and selecting the fracturing sections with the formation pressure lower than the set pressure threshold value as the fracturing sections needing energy supplement, or selecting the fracturing sections with the production contribution lower than the set production threshold value as the fracturing sections needing energy supplement. Wherein the medium injected into the supplementary energy fracturing section is related to the output of an unconventional oil and gas well and comprises one or more of the following media: nitrogen, carbon dioxide, water and a surfactant. The pressure threshold and production threshold involved are set by the operator in conjunction with production data and experience from unconventional oil and gas wells.
In the above embodiment, the yield contribution value of each fracture zone of the unconventional oil and gas well is generally represented as the oil and gas yield and the remaining oil and gas amount of the reservoir within a corresponding fracture zone range, where the higher the oil and gas yield of a certain fracture zone is, the higher the yield contribution value of the fracture zone is, and the more the remaining oil and gas amount of the reservoir within a certain fracture zone is, the higher the yield contribution value of the fracture zone is.
The following description is made in connection with an example of production engineering for unconventional oil and gas wells. For unconventional gas wells which have been produced for a period of time, according to (1) and (2) or (1) or (2), a fracturing section which needs to be shifted from production to injection medium is determined, and formation energy supplement is carried out. For example, a fracture zone with low formation pressure is selected as the injection fracture zone, or a fracture zone with low production contribution and no production contribution as shown by formation dynamic monitoring is selected as the injection fracture zone. The injection medium is generally a gas, such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide and the like, and can supplement formation energy on the one hand and replace the gas to be produced, such as methane, ethane and the like in the formation through adsorption and displacement on the other hand.
And for the unconventional oil well which is produced for a period of time by opening the well, determining a fracturing section needing to be shifted from production to injection medium according to (1) and (2) or (1) or (2), and performing formation energy supplement. For example, a fracture zone with low formation pressure is selected as the injection fracture zone, or a fracture zone with low production contribution and no production contribution as shown by formation dynamic monitoring is selected as the injection fracture zone. The injection medium can be gas or liquid, such as gas like nitrogen and carbon dioxide, and can also be liquid like water and surfactant, on one hand, the injection medium can supplement formation energy, and on the other hand, the injection medium can reduce the flow resistance of unconventional oil in the formation.
On the other hand, for newly-produced unconventional oil and gas wells, because reliable exploitation data which can be used for fitting and adjusting the model and the model parameters do not exist, an accurate and effective target formation pressure distribution model cannot be obtained, and corresponding fracturing sections can be set to be alternately used as exploitation fracturing sections and energy supplement fracturing sections according to actual conditions. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: if the unconventional oil and gas well is a new production well, one or more fracturing stages are alternately set as supplementary energy fracturing stages based on set interval time periods. Wherein the interval time period can be adjusted according to the requirements in the mining process. Further, the injection of one or more mediums into the supplementary energy frac section is performed for production.
In practical application, for a newly produced unconventional gas well or an unconventional oil well, the production effect can be improved by alternately injecting and producing different adjacent or non-adjacent fractured sections on the same well (for example, injecting and producing the adjacent fractured sections at intervals and the like). For example, FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a fracturing zone set up for a newly produced unconventional well having 10 stages of fractures, numbered 1 through 10 stages, respectively, as shown in FIG. 2. The positions, lengths and forms of different fractures are shown in the figure, 1 st, 3 rd, 5 th, 7 th and 8 th fracturing sections can be set as injection medium sections, and 2 nd, 4 th, 6 th, 8 th and 10 th fracturing sections can be set as oil production sections; after a period of production (such as 1 year), setting the 1 st, 3 rd, 5 th, 7 th and 8 th fracturing sections as oil production sections and setting the 2 nd, 4 th, 6 th, 8 th and 10 th fracturing sections as injection medium sections; by changing the injection or production modes of different fracturing sections at intervals, the oil-gas flow capacity and the utilization degree of different fractures can be effectively improved.
According to the actual working conditions and the monitoring data conditions, 1, 3, 5, 7 and 8 fracturing sections can be used as injection medium sections and 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 fracturing sections can be used as oil production sections all the time in the whole development process, so that part of the fracturing sections of the same well can be used as injection sections, and the rest of the fracturing sections can be used as oil production sections, the injection and the exploitation are realized on the same well, and the cost of drilling a new injection well is avoided; meanwhile, the oil-gas flow capacity and the utilization degree among different fractures can be effectively improved by injecting and extracting the adjacent fracturing sections.
It should be noted that, for an unconventional oil and gas well newly put into production, after the set time is met from the beginning of production, the unconventional oil and gas well is regarded as not belonging to the newly put into production, that is, a reasonable fracturing segment needing energy supplement can be determined through a series of operations such as establishing a production prediction and a formation pressure distribution model by adopting the steps of the above embodiment.
The invention forms a new method for exploiting the unconventional oil and gas reservoir, according to the difference of the stratum pressure in the developing process of the unconventional oil and gas reservoir, the output of different fracture sections in the developing process and the difference of the distribution of residual oil and gas, the injection and the exploitation are realized in different fracturing sections on the same well, the injection medium (gas/liquid) of partial fracturing sections of the unconventional oil and gas well supplements the stratum energy, and other fracturing sections are produced, thereby improving the overall exploitation effect and the recovery ratio of the fractured well sections of the unconventional oil and gas reservoir and avoiding the cost of newly drilling an injection well.
Based on other aspects of the invention, the invention also provides an unconventional oil and gas reservoir production system, and each module in the system executes the method steps in one or more embodiments.
Specifically, fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of an unconventional reservoir production system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and as can be seen from fig. 3, the system includes: the model parameter processing module is used for establishing a corresponding yield prediction and formation pressure distribution prediction model aiming at an unconventional oil and gas well which is not a new production well, determining model parameters for establishing the model and assigning values to different model parameters;
the model fitting module is used for fitting and adjusting the established model and model parameters by utilizing historical production pressure and yield data aiming at the unconventional oil and gas wells which are not newly put into production to obtain a target model and target model parameters meeting preset requirements;
the energy-supplementing fracturing section selecting module is used for analyzing the formation pressure in the control range of different fracturing sections of the unconventional oil and gas well through a target model in the unconventional oil and gas well which is not a new production well, acquiring yield contribution data in the control range of different fracturing sections of the unconventional oil and gas well by utilizing a formation dynamic monitoring technology, and selecting one or more energy-supplementing fracturing sections according to a pressure distribution analysis result and/or the yield contribution data;
the energy supplementing fracturing section setting module is used for setting one or more fracturing sections as energy supplementing fracturing sections alternately aiming at unconventional oil and gas wells belonging to a new production well on the basis of set interval time periods;
and the production implementation module is used for implementing production by injecting one or more media into the supplementary energy fracturing section in the unconventional oil and gas well.
In the unconventional oil and gas reservoir exploitation system provided by the embodiment of the invention, each module or unit structure can be independently operated or operated in a combined mode according to test requirements so as to realize corresponding technical effects.
It is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments of the invention are not limited to the particular structures, process steps, or materials disclosed herein but are extended to equivalents thereof as would be understood by those ordinarily skilled in the relevant arts. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting.
Reference in the specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, appearances of the phrase "an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above descriptions are only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method of unconventional reservoir production, the method comprising:
judging whether the current unconventional oil and gas well is a new production well, if so, setting one or more fracturing sections as supplementary energy fracturing sections alternately based on a set interval time period, and otherwise, executing the following operation:
if the unconventional oil and gas well is not a new production well, establishing a corresponding yield prediction and formation pressure distribution prediction model aiming at the unconventional oil and gas well, determining model parameters for establishing the model, and assigning values to different model parameters;
fitting and adjusting the established model and the model parameters by using historical production pressure and yield data within a set time period from the current moment to obtain a target model and target model parameters which meet preset requirements;
analyzing the formation pressure in the control ranges of different fracturing sections of the unconventional oil and gas well through the target model according to a set time interval, acquiring yield contribution data in the control ranges of different fracturing sections of the unconventional oil and gas well by utilizing a formation dynamic monitoring technology, and selecting one or more energy-supplementing fracturing sections according to a pressure distribution analysis result and/or the yield contribution data;
and injecting one or more media into the supplementary energy fracturing section to perform production.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the model parameters comprise: and the yield prediction and formation pressure distribution prediction model corresponds to an oil/gas reservoir model, well type data, a fluid type model, fracture forms and parameters, wellbore conditions and outer boundary conditions.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in the step of assigning values to different model parameters, comprising: if the natural fractures of the unconventional oil and gas wells develop, selecting a double-hole model as the oil reservoir/gas reservoir model of the unconventional oil and gas wells, and assigning values to at least the following parameters for representing the oil reservoir/gas reservoir model: original formation pressure, reservoir thickness, reservoir temperature, porosity, channeling coefficient and storage-volume ratio;
if the natural fractures of the unconventional oil and gas wells do not develop, selecting a double-area rectangular composite model as an oil reservoir/gas reservoir model of the unconventional oil and gas wells, wherein the inner area and the outer area select a double-hole model as the gas reservoir model, and assigning values to at least the following parameters characterizing the double-area rectangular composite model: virgin formation pressure, reservoir thickness, reservoir temperature, porosity, inner zone permeability, outer zone permeability, length, width, and height of the inner zone, length, width, and height of the outer zone;
and in the oil reservoir/gas reservoir model of the unconventional oil and gas well, the Young modulus and the Poisson ratio which are sensitive to the characteristic stress are assigned.
4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the step of assigning different model parameters, further comprising:
according to different fluid types selected by unconventional oil and gas wells, at least the following parameters for characterizing the fluid types are respectively assigned: density of oil, density of gas, density of water, viscosity of oil, viscosity of gas, and viscosity of water;
when the fluid in an adsorption state exists in the fluid type of the unconventional oil and gas well, assigning values to at least the following characteristic parameters for characterizing the fluid in the adsorption state: langmuir volume and langmuir pressure.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in the step of assigning different model parameters, further comprising:
if the unconventional oil and gas well is set as an infinite boundary, assigning a maximum numerical value which accords with a set condition to the boundary length and the boundary width of the characteristic outer boundary to represent the infinite boundary;
and if the unconventional oil and gas well is set as a closed boundary, assigning values to at least the following parameters for characterizing the characteristics of the outer boundary: an outer boundary length, an outer boundary width, an outer boundary height;
and if the unconventional oil and gas well is set as a constant pressure boundary, assigning values to at least the following parameters for characterizing the characteristics of the outer boundary: an outer boundary length, an outer boundary width, an outer boundary height, and an outer boundary pressure.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein in the step of analyzing formation pressures within a control range of different fracture zones of the unconventional oil and gas well through the target model, comprises:
analyzing the formation pressure in different fracturing section control ranges of the unconventional oil and gas well in the current set time period through the target model;
and analyzing the formation pressure of the unconventional oil and gas well in the future set time period in different fracturing section control ranges under different production systems through the target model.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein in the step of using formation dynamics monitoring techniques to obtain production contribution data over a control range of different fracture zones of the unconventional oil and gas well, comprises:
obtaining the production contribution data in different fracturing sections of the unconventional oil and gas well by utilizing one or more of the following monitoring methods of a stratum dynamic monitoring technology: the method comprises the following steps of (1) testing a production section, testing a tracer, monitoring distributed optical fiber temperature and monitoring microseism;
and determining the yield contribution data according to the oil and gas yield and the reservoir oil and gas residual quantity in each fracturing section control range.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein in the step of selecting one or more supplementary energy fracturing stages based on pressure profile analysis results and/or the production contribution data, comprises:
and selecting the fracturing sections with the formation pressure lower than the set pressure threshold value as the fracturing sections needing energy supplement, or selecting the fracturing sections with the production contribution lower than the set production threshold value as the fracturing sections needing energy supplement.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the medium injected into the supplemental energy fracturing section is associated with the production of unconventional oil and gas wells and comprises one or more of the following media: nitrogen, carbon dioxide, water and a surfactant.
10. An unconventional reservoir production system, wherein the system performs the method of any one of claims 1-9.
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