CN117034717A - Single-cluster-point fracturing transformation method for high-efficiency production improvement of land shale oil - Google Patents
Single-cluster-point fracturing transformation method for high-efficiency production improvement of land shale oil Download PDFInfo
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- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
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Abstract
The specification relates to the technical field of reservoir oil and gas exploration, in particular to a single-cluster-point fracturing transformation method for high-efficiency production improvement of land shale oil. The fracturing transformation method comprises the steps of determining stratum geological properties, mechanical properties and oil reservoir characteristic parameters of a region to be fractured aiming at the region to be fractured; determining fracture characterization data based on the formation geologic properties and the mechanical properties; carrying out capacity processing on the fracture characterization data and the oil reservoir characteristic parameters by using an oil reservoir numerical simulation method, and determining target parameters corresponding to target oil yield; and performing target fracturing process simulation on the land shale reservoir model by using the fluid-solid coupling model, and determining target fracturing construction parameters corresponding to the target parameters so as to be used for fracturing the target fracturing process in the area to be fractured. By using the embodiment of the specification, the crack setting method with optimal yield is determined based on simulation, so that the balanced expansion of the fracturing cracks is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The specification relates to the technical field of reservoir oil and gas exploration, in particular to a single-cluster-point fracturing transformation method for high-efficiency production improvement of land shale oil.
Background
At present, a segmented multi-cluster jet fracturing mode is adopted for fracturing oil and gas reservoirs. Aiming at a shale oil horizontal well of a land fracture basin, cracks obtained by fracturing cannot be expanded uniformly due to the reasons of large reservoir physical property change, strong longitudinal and transverse heterogeneity, fracture development and the like. Specifically, based on microseism monitoring, radioactive tracer detection, underground television perforation imaging and the like, the distribution of cracks of the land fracture basin shale oil horizontal well fracturing in each cluster point is very uneven, a small amount of super cracks are often formed, and balanced transformation is difficult to realize.
How to avoid the crack competition among clusters to initiate crack propagation, and the unbalanced crack propagation is a problem to be solved in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the embodiment of the specification provides a single-cluster-point fracturing transformation method for high-efficiency production improvement of land shale oil, which comprises the steps of firstly determining target parameters to be realized of a fracture corresponding to optimal yield based on simulation, and further determining target fracturing construction parameters corresponding to the target parameters, so that the problems of crack competition, crack expansion imbalance among clusters are avoided, and balanced expansion of the fracturing fracture is realized.
In order to solve the technical problems, the specific technical scheme in the specification is as follows:
in one aspect, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a single cluster point fracturing modification method for efficient production of land shale oil, comprising,
determining stratum geological properties, mechanical properties and oil reservoir characteristic parameters of an area to be fractured aiming at the area to be fractured;
determining fracture characterization data based on the stratigraphic geologic properties and the mechanical properties;
carrying out capacity processing on the fracture characterization data and the oil reservoir characteristic parameters by using an oil reservoir numerical simulation method, and determining target parameters corresponding to target oil production; and
performing target fracturing process simulation on a land shale reservoir model by using a fluid-solid coupling model, determining target fracturing construction parameters corresponding to the target parameters for fracturing a target fracturing process in the area to be fractured,
the land shale reservoir model is constructed by a tattoo structure model and a reservoir geomechanical model, and the tattoo structure model and the reservoir geomechanical model are respectively constructed by stratum geological attributes and mechanical attributes.
Further, the determining fracture characterization data based on the formation geological properties and the mechanical properties includes:
Constructing the tattooing structure model and the reservoir geomechanical model based on the stratigraphic geologic properties and the mechanical properties;
collecting the stratum structure model and the reservoir geomechanical model to obtain the land shale reservoir model; and
and processing the land shale reservoir model by using a fracture prediction simulation method to obtain the fracture characterization data.
Further, the method for simulating the oil reservoir numerical value is used for carrying out productivity processing on the fracture characterization data and the oil reservoir characteristic parameters, and determining the target parameters corresponding to the target oil production further comprises,
processing the fracture characterization data and the oil reservoir characteristic parameters by using the oil reservoir numerical simulation method, and determining the change of oil production corresponding to each simulated fracture parameter along with time in each low-pressure drainage area, wherein the low-pressure drainage area comprises at least one fracture, and the fracture corresponds to the simulated fracture parameter;
determining a target oil production from the oil production; and
and determining the simulated fracture parameter corresponding to the target oil production as the target parameter.
Further, the method for performing target fracturing process simulation on the land shale reservoir model by using the fluid-solid coupling model, and determining the target fracturing construction parameters corresponding to the target parameters further comprises,
Determining a plurality of fracturing construction parameters corresponding to the area to be fractured, wherein the fracturing construction parameters correspond to the target fracturing process;
performing the fracturing construction parameter simulation on the land shale reservoir model by using the fluid-solid coupling model to obtain simulation parameters;
determining fracture parameters matched with the target parameters from a plurality of simulation parameters; and
and taking the fracturing construction parameters corresponding to the fracturing crack parameters as the target fracturing construction parameters.
Further, the simulation parameters include perforation cluster efficiency, and the determination mode of the perforation cluster efficiency further includes:
wherein the A represents the perforation cluster efficiency, the B represents the number of perforation effective clusters, and the C represents the total number of construction clusters included in the fracturing construction parameters,
the method for determining the effective perforating clusters comprises the steps of determining the effective perforating clusters, wherein the effective perforating clusters comprise the effective perforating clusters, the effective perforating clusters are determined to be the effective perforating clusters in the condition that the transformation volume of a fracture reservoir of the candidate perforating clusters meets a preset formula, and the preset formula comprises the following steps:
wherein the saidRepresenting the reservoir reconstruction volume of a C-th cluster fracture, wherein C represents the total number of clusters in construction, V represents the total pump injection amount included in the fracturing construction parameters, and V represents the total pump injection amount l Characterizing the total fluid loss included in the fracturing construction parameters.
Further, the target fracturing process is a single cluster point fracturing process.
Further, the fracturing of the target fracturing process in the area to be fractured further comprises,
determining a construction parameter guidance template based on the target fracturing construction parameters and the target parameters; and
and carrying out fracturing of a target fracturing process on the area to be fractured based on the construction parameter instruction plate, the target fracturing construction parameters and the target parameters.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the specification also provides a single cluster point fracturing transformation device for high-efficiency production of the land shale oil, which comprises,
the first determining unit is used for determining stratum geological properties, mechanical properties and oil reservoir characteristic parameters of the area to be fractured aiming at the area to be fractured;
a second determining unit configured to determine fracture characterization data based on the formation geological properties and the mechanical properties;
the processing unit is used for carrying out capacity processing on the fracture characterization data and the oil reservoir characteristic parameters by utilizing an oil reservoir numerical simulation method, and determining target parameters corresponding to target oil production; and
a simulation unit for performing target fracturing process simulation on a land shale reservoir model by utilizing a fluid-solid coupling model, determining target fracturing construction parameters corresponding to the target parameters for performing fracturing of a target fracturing process in the to-be-fractured area,
The land shale reservoir model is constructed by a tattoo structure model and a reservoir geomechanical model, and the tattoo structure model and the reservoir geomechanical model are respectively constructed by stratum geological attributes and mechanical attributes.
In another aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, where the processor implements the method described above when executing the computer program.
In another aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions that, when executed by a processor, perform the above-described method.
In another aspect, the present description embodiments also provide a computer program product comprising a computer program/instruction which, when executed by a processor, implements a method.
By utilizing the embodiment of the specification, the geological attribute, the mechanical attribute and the oil reservoir characteristic parameter of the area to be fractured are determined aiming at the area to be fractured; determining target parameters corresponding to cracks to be realized based on geological properties, mechanical properties and oil reservoir characteristic parameters; and further, determining target fracturing construction parameters corresponding to the target parameters by utilizing the fluid-solid coupling model so as to match the target parameters for fracturing. And determining a crack parameter corresponding to the optimal yield based on simulation, and further determining a target fracturing construction parameter corresponding to the parameter, so that the problem of crack competition, crack expansion and imbalance among clusters is avoided, and the balanced expansion of the fracturing cracks is realized. In addition, as the construction parameters used for fracturing are determined only through a plurality of simulation processes, the process only needs a small amount of on-site data support and production data verification of the area to be fractured, so that a large amount of experiment time and experiment cost are saved. Further, based on the tattooing structure and geomechanics, more reasonable target fracturing construction parameters are determined together, so that the fracturing process is smooth in a specific fracturing process.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present description or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present description, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an implementation system of a single cluster point fracturing modification method for efficient production enhancement of land shale oil according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating a single cluster point fracturing modification method for efficient production enhancement of land shale oil in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3A is a flow chart illustrating a method of determining fracture characterization data according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram of a tattoo structural model according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3C is a schematic diagram of a geomechanical model of a reservoir according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3D is a schematic diagram of crack propagation corresponding to the crack characterization data according to the embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4A is a flowchart of a method for determining target parameters according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4B is a schematic diagram of a reservoir numerical simulation model according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method of determining target fracturing construction parameters according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6A is a schematic diagram of a single cluster point fracturing modification method for efficient production of land shale oil according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6B is a schematic diagram of a cluster-to-cluster stress differential, displacement, and perforation cluster efficiency guidance template according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6C is a schematic diagram of a cluster-to-cluster stress differential, single Duan Shekong hole count, and perforation cluster efficiency guidance template according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6D is a schematic diagram of a cluster-to-cluster stress differential, perforation diameter, and perforation cluster efficiency guidance template according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a single cluster point fracturing modification device for efficient production of land shale oil according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[ reference numerals description ]
110. A user terminal;
120. a server;
710. a first determination unit;
720. a second determination unit;
730. a processing unit;
740. a simulation unit;
802. a computer device;
804. A processing device;
806. storing the resource;
808. a driving mechanism;
810. an input/output module;
812. an input device;
814. an output device;
816. a presentation device;
818. a graphical user interface;
820. a network interface;
822. a communication link;
824. a communication bus.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present specification, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present specification, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are intended to be within the scope of the present disclosure.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the specification and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the present description described herein may be capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, apparatus, article, or device that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or device.
It should be noted that the steps illustrated in the flowcharts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and that although a logical order is illustrated in the flowcharts, in some cases the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order other than that illustrated herein.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an implementation system of a single cluster point fracturing modification method for efficient production enhancement of land shale oil according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which may include: the user terminal 101 and the server 102 communicate with each other through a network, which may include a local area network (Local Area Network, abbreviated as LAN), a wide area network (Wide Area Network, abbreviated as WAN), the internet, or a combination thereof, and are connected to a website, user equipment (e.g., a computing device), and a backend system. The user may send the stratum geological attribute, the mechanical attribute and the oil reservoir characteristic parameter of the area to be fractured to the server 102 through the user terminal 101, where the stratum geological attribute, the mechanical attribute and the oil reservoir characteristic parameter may be obtained by the user terminal 101 through a sensor communicated with the user terminal in the area to be fractured. The user may also send a request for determining construction parameters to the server 102 via the user terminal 101, the construction parameter request including an area identification corresponding to the area to be fractured. In the event that the server 102 receives the zone identification, the sensor is connected to obtain the formation geologic properties, mechanical properties, and reservoir characteristic parameters of the zone to be fractured. When the stratum geological attribute, the mechanical attribute and the oil reservoir characteristic parameters of the area to be fractured are determined, the server 102 determines fracture characterization data based on the stratum geological attribute and the mechanical attribute; carrying out capacity processing on the fracture characterization data and the oil reservoir characteristic parameters by using an oil reservoir numerical simulation method, and determining target parameters corresponding to target oil yield; and performing target fracturing process simulation on a land shale reservoir model by using a fluid-solid coupling model, and determining target fracturing construction parameters corresponding to the target parameters for fracturing a target fracturing process in a region to be fractured, wherein the land shale reservoir model is constructed by a tattoo structure model and a reservoir geomechanical model, and the tattoo structure model and the reservoir geomechanical model are respectively constructed by stratum geological properties and mechanical properties. Specifically, the server 102 may send the target fracturing construction parameters and the target parameters to the user terminal 101 for the user to guide the fracturing of the target fracturing process in the to-be-fractured area, or the server 102 may determine a construction parameter guiding board based on the target fracturing construction parameters and the target parameters, and send the construction parameter guiding board to the user terminal 101 for the user to guide the fracturing of the target fracturing process in the to-be-fractured area.
Alternatively, the servers 102 may be nodes of a cloud computing system (not shown), or each server 102 may be a separate cloud computing system, including multiple computers interconnected by a network and operating as a distributed processing system.
In an alternative embodiment, each sub-user terminal included in the user terminal 101 may include an electronic device not limited to a smart phone, a collection device, a desktop computer, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a smart speaker, a digital assistant, an augmented Reality (AR, augmented Reality)/Virtual Reality (VR) device, a smart wearable device, or the like. Alternatively, the operating system running on the electronic device may include, but is not limited to, an android system, an IOS system, linux, windows, and the like.
In addition, fig. 1 is only an application environment provided in the present specification, and in practical application, the application environment may further include a plurality of user terminals 101, a plurality of sensors, and a plurality of servers 102, which is not limited in the present specification.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a single cluster point fracturing modification method for high-efficiency production of land shale oil according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The reservoir fracturing process is depicted in this figure, but may include more or fewer operational steps based on conventional or non-inventive labor. The order of steps recited in the embodiments is merely one way of performing the order of steps and does not represent a unique order of execution. When a system or apparatus product in practice is executed, it may be executed sequentially or in parallel according to the method shown in the embodiments or the drawings. As shown in fig. 2, the method may include:
S210, determining stratum geological properties, mechanical properties and oil reservoir characteristic parameters of a region to be fractured aiming at the region to be fractured;
s220, determining fracture characterization data based on stratum geological properties and mechanical properties;
s230, carrying out capacity processing on the fracture characterization data and the oil reservoir characteristic parameters by using an oil reservoir numerical simulation method, and determining target parameters corresponding to target oil production;
s240, performing target fracturing process simulation on the land shale reservoir model by using the fluid-solid coupling model, and determining target fracturing construction parameters corresponding to the target parameters so as to be used for fracturing the target fracturing process in the area to be fractured.
By utilizing the embodiment of the specification, the geological attribute, the mechanical attribute and the oil reservoir characteristic parameter of the area to be fractured are determined aiming at the area to be fractured; determining target parameters corresponding to cracks to be realized based on geological properties, mechanical properties and oil reservoir characteristic parameters; and further, determining target fracturing construction parameters corresponding to the target parameters by utilizing the fluid-solid coupling model so as to match the target parameters for fracturing. The target parameters to be realized of the crack corresponding to the optimal yield are determined based on simulation, and then the target fracturing construction parameters corresponding to the target parameters are determined, so that the problems of crack competition, crack initiation and expansion and unbalanced crack expansion among clusters are avoided, and balanced expansion of the fracturing crack is realized. In addition, as the construction parameters used for fracturing are determined only through a plurality of simulation processes, the process only needs a small amount of on-site data support and production data verification of the area to be fractured, so that a large amount of experiment time and experiment cost are saved. Further, based on the tattooing structure and geomechanics, more reasonable target fracturing construction parameters are determined together, so that the fracturing process is smooth in a specific fracturing process.
According to one embodiment of the present description, the zone to be fractured may be, for example, a land shale oil research area. The stratum geological property, the mechanical property and the oil reservoir characteristic parameter of the region to be fractured can be obtained through geophysical exploration, well logging, core analysis, well logging data and indoor experimental test results. The stratum geological properties of the region to be fractured comprise lithologic layering properties, natural fracture properties, layer properties and the like. The mechanical properties of the zone to be fractured include the elastic modulus of the rock, poisson's ratio, compressive strength, tensile strength, shear strength and the like. The reservoir characteristic parameters of the area to be fractured comprise permeability, porosity, oil saturation, an phase permeability curve, formation pressure, gas-oil ratio and the like. It should be noted that the foregoing parameters included in the geological formation property, the mechanical property and the reservoir characteristic parameter are merely exemplary, and are not limiting of the present disclosure, and may include other parameters that may characterize the corresponding index, in addition to the foregoing parameters, respectively.
And constructing a land shale reservoir model based on the stratum geological properties and the mechanical properties. Specifically, the land shale reservoir model may be a model characterized by lithology layers of different thicknesses longitudinally distributed in a region to be fractured, and layer management information corresponding to each lithology layer, and assignment data for assigning mechanical parameters to each lithology layer and the layer management information corresponding to each lithology layer. Therefore, the constructed land shale reservoir model not only can represent the geomechanical characteristics of the area to be fractured, but also can represent the tattoo characteristics of the area to be fractured, so that the target fracturing construction parameters determined later are more accurate.
And performing simulated fracturing on the constructed land shale reservoir model by using a numerical simulation method to obtain at least one crack. For each crack, determining the corresponding crack characterization data, namely determining to obtain at least one crack characterization data, wherein the crack characterization data is any data for characterizing the crack, and can comprise crack position information and crack morphology information, wherein the crack position information comprises the length of the crack, the width of the crack, the crack spacing and the like.
And carrying out productivity prediction on the fracture characterization data and the oil reservoir characteristic parameters based on an oil reservoir numerical simulation method, and determining the change relation of oil production corresponding to each simulated fracture parameter along with time. Specifically, the productivity prediction may be, for example, based on a reservoir numerical simulation method, simulating the fracture characterization data and the reservoir characteristic parameters, determining simulated fracture parameters, and determining a time-dependent change relation of oil production corresponding to each simulated fracture parameter. The simulated fracture parameters may include, for example, fracture characterization data and other fracture data determined from the fracture characterization data, which may be data obtained by processing the fracture characterization data in any manner, or data corresponding to the fracture generated during the simulation process, which is not limited in this specification.
And determining target oil production from the plurality of simulated oil production, and determining a crack parameter corresponding to the target oil production as a target parameter. The target oil production may be, for example, a larger oil production of the plurality of oil production.
A land shale reservoir model is constructed from a stratum structure model and a reservoir geomechanical model, the stratum structure model being constructed from the stratum geologic properties and the mechanical properties. From the candidate fracturing processes, determining a target fracturing process, wherein the candidate fracturing process comprises a multi-cluster-fracture synchronous expansion process and a single-cluster-point fracturing process, and the target fracturing process is one of the multi-cluster-fracture synchronous expansion process and the single-cluster-point fracturing process.
And performing target fracturing process simulation as determined on the constructed land shale reservoir model by using the fluid-solid coupling model. For example, in the case where the target fracturing process is a single cluster point fracturing process, the fluid-solid coupling model is utilized to perform single cluster point fracturing on the land shale reservoir model. Acquiring a plurality of preset fracturing construction parameters; and carrying out simulated fracturing on the land shale reservoir model by using the fluid-solid coupling model according to each fracturing construction parameter to obtain corresponding simulated parameters. And determining target simulation parameters consistent with the target parameters from the plurality of simulation parameters, and determining the fracturing construction parameters corresponding to the target simulation parameters as target fracturing construction parameters.
After the target parameters and the target fracturing construction parameters are obtained, fracturing of the target fracturing process is carried out in the area to be fractured based on the target parameters and the target fracturing construction parameters. Therefore, the numerical simulation is firstly carried out, and the crack parameters (namely target parameters) corresponding to the optimal cracks of the area to be fractured are determined; further, aiming at the target parameter, determining a construction parameter (namely a target fracturing construction parameter) capable of realizing the target parameter; finally, fracturing is performed based on the target parameters and the target fracturing construction parameters.
According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the targeted fracturing process is a single cluster point fracturing process. Firstly, the single-cluster-point fracturing process can effectively avoid the problem of crack competition and crack extension among clusters, and reasonable target fracturing construction parameters corresponding to the single-cluster-point fracturing process are determined by matching with the simulation method of the embodiment of the specification, so that the application of the single-cluster-point fracturing process is realized, the imbalance of crack extension is avoided, and the balanced extension of the fracturing cracks is realized.
FIG. 3A is a flow chart illustrating a method of determining fracture characterization data according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram of a tattoo structural model according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 3C is a schematic diagram of a geomechanical model of a reservoir according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; fig. 3D is a schematic diagram illustrating crack propagation corresponding to the crack characterization data according to the embodiment of the present disclosure. One process of fracture characterization data determination is depicted in fig. 3A, but may include more or fewer operational steps based on conventional or non-inventive labor. As shown in fig. 3A, the method may include:
S321, constructing a stratum structure model and a reservoir geomechanical model based on stratum geological properties and mechanical properties;
s322, integrating the stratum structure model and the reservoir geomechanical model to obtain a land shale reservoir model;
s323, processing the land shale reservoir model by using a fracture prediction simulation method to obtain fracture characterization data.
According to another embodiment of the present description, the tattoo structural model may be, for example, a model characterized by different thickness lithology layers distributed longitudinally and layer-wise information corresponding to each lithology layer, as shown in particular in fig. 3B. The reservoir geomechanical model may be, for example, a model characterized by assignment data for mechanical parameter assignments for each lithology layer and layer management information corresponding to each lithology layer, as shown in particular in fig. 3C. It should be noted that, based on stratum geological properties and mechanical properties, the process of constructing the tattooing structure model can be seen from the prior art; based on the stratum geological properties and the mechanical properties, the process of constructing the reservoir geomechanical model can also refer to the prior art, and the description is omitted herein.
The established stratum structure model and the reservoir geomechanical model are assembled to obtain a land shale reservoir model, namely, the stratum structure model and the reservoir geomechanical model are assembled (fused) in the mode that the stratum structure model and the reservoir geomechanical model can represent layering of land shale and geological characteristics, and the land shale reservoir model is obtained.
The fracture prediction simulation method may be, for example, a three-dimensional discrete unit method. Based on a three-dimensional discrete unit method, processing is carried out on the land shale reservoir model, and crack characterization data corresponding to each expansion crack are obtained. Specifically, a unit discrete unit method is utilized to perform fracturing simulation on a land shale reservoir model, a fracture expansion diagram as shown in fig. 3D is obtained, and then fracture characterization data corresponding to each fracture are determined. Processing the land shale reservoir model based on the three-dimensional discrete unit method can be, for example, performing discrete lithology layers and corresponding layer information on the land shale reservoir model by using the three-dimensional discrete unit method to obtain a plurality of discrete geometric bodies; different mechanical parameters are given to each geometrical body, and then all discrete geometrical bodies are unified, so that a crack propagation diagram and crack characterization data corresponding to each crack are obtained.
FIG. 4A is a flowchart of a method for determining target parameters according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 4B is a schematic diagram of a reservoir numerical simulation model according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. One target parameter determination process is depicted in fig. 4A, but may include more or fewer operational steps based on conventional or non-inventive labor. As shown in fig. 4A, the method may include:
S431, processing the fracture characterization data and the oil reservoir characteristic parameters by using an oil reservoir numerical simulation method, and determining the change of oil production corresponding to each simulated fracture parameter along with time in each low-pressure drainage area;
s432, determining target oil production from the oil production;
s433, determining the simulated fracture parameters corresponding to the target oil production as target parameters.
According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the low pressure relief zone includes at least one fracture, the fracture corresponding to a simulated fracture parameter. For example, each crack corresponding to the crack characterization data corresponds to a respective low pressure drainage zone.
The reservoir numerical simulation method may be, for example, a finite difference method using an embedded discrete fracture method, which is a method of reducing the dimension of a hydraulic fracture and coupling with a matrix grid through a non-contact unit form. And processing each crack corresponding to the characterization data of each crack in the to-be-fractured region by using an embedded discrete crack method to obtain the processed to-be-fractured region. Simulating the treated area to be fractured by using a finite difference method, and particularly dividing the treated area to be fractured into a plurality of units; assigning a value to each unit by utilizing the oil reservoir characteristic parameters; approximating the derivative of the flow equation among all the units to obtain a set of discrete algebraic equations; and then iteratively solving the pressure solution and the speed solution of each unit to obtain a low-pressure drainage area and oil yield at each moment. And determining the change of oil production corresponding to each simulated fracture parameter along with time in each low-pressure drainage area based on the low-pressure drainage area and the oil production at each time.
From the oil production obtained, a target oil production is determined. And determining the simulated fracture parameters corresponding to the target oil production as target parameters, and determining target fracturing construction parameters.
The target oil production may be, for example, the maximum oil production among the plurality of oil production, and the fracture parameter corresponding to the maximum oil production may be set as the target parameter.
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method of determining target fracturing construction parameters in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, in which the determination of target fracturing construction parameters is described, but may include more or fewer operational steps based on conventional or non-inventive labor. As shown in fig. 5, the method may include:
s541, determining a plurality of fracturing construction parameters corresponding to the area to be fractured;
s542, carrying out fracturing construction parameter simulation on the land-phase shale reservoir model by using the fluid-solid coupling model to obtain simulation parameters;
s543, determining fracture parameters matched with target parameters from a plurality of simulation parameters;
and S544, taking the fracturing construction parameters corresponding to the fracturing crack parameters as target fracturing construction parameters.
According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of fracturing construction parameters corresponding to the area to be fractured may be, for example, determined by historical fracturing construction parameters adopted in a historical fracturing process when the target fracturing process is performed on site, or may be randomly generated construction parameters corresponding to the target fracturing process, where the fracturing construction parameters include inter-cluster stress differences, the number of single Duan Shekong holes, perforation diameters, fracturing pumping displacement, and the like.
The fluid-solid coupling model can be, for example, a three-dimensional discrete unit model, a solid mechanical model and a fluid flow model, and a fluid-solid coupling process exists between the solid mechanical model and the fluid flow model. The fracturing construction parameter simulation of the land shale reservoir model by using the fluid-solid coupling model can be performed, for example, by referring to the prior art, and the description is omitted here.
And simulating each fracturing construction parameter of the land shale reservoir model by using the fluid-solid coupling model to obtain simulation parameters corresponding to each fracturing construction parameter, wherein the simulation parameters at least comprise the target parameters or at least comprise parameters which can be calculated by the target parameters.
And respectively calculating the similarity between the simulation parameters and the target parameters aiming at each simulation parameter to obtain the similarity corresponding to each simulation parameter. And determining the maximum similarity in the plurality of similarities as the target similarity, and taking the simulation parameter corresponding to the target similarity as the fracturing fracture parameter. Further, a fracturing construction parameter corresponding to the fracturing fracture parameter is determined as a target fracturing construction parameter. It should be noted that, each target parameter includes a plurality of sub-parameters, and each simulation parameter also includes a plurality of sub-parameters, for example, in the case where the simulation parameters include a crack length and a crack width, the crack length and the crack width are both sub-parameters.
According to another embodiment of the present specification, the simulation parameters include perforation cluster efficiency, which is determined by the following equation (1).
Wherein, A represents perforation cluster efficiency, B represents perforation effective cluster number, and C represents total construction cluster number included by the fracturing construction parameters.
According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the number of perforation effective clusters includes the number of effective fractures, and the effective fractures may be determined, for example, by determining that the candidate fracture is an effective fracture if the fracture reservoir reform volume of the candidate fracture satisfies a preset formula.
According to another embodiment of the present specification, the preset formula is shown as the following formula (2).
Wherein,representing reservoir reconstruction volume of a C-th cluster crack, C representing total number of clusters in construction, V representing total pump injection amount included in fracturing construction parameters, V l The fracturing construction parameters were characterized for the total fluid loss involved.
It should be noted that, in the case that the simulation parameter includes the perforation cluster efficiency, the target parameter also includes the perforation cluster efficiency adaptively, or includes other data that may be used to calculate the perforation cluster efficiency. Meanwhile, the simulation parameters of the embodiment of the present specification may include other parameters besides the perforation cluster efficiency, which are not limited in this specification.
FIG. 6A is a schematic diagram of a single cluster point fracturing modification method for efficient production of land shale oil according to another embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 6B is a schematic diagram of a cluster-to-cluster stress differential, displacement, and perforation cluster efficiency guidance template according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 6C is a schematic diagram of a cluster-to-cluster stress differential, single Duan Shekong hole count, and perforation cluster efficiency guidance template according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 6D is a schematic diagram of a cluster-to-cluster stress differential, perforation diameter, and perforation cluster efficiency guidance template according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Another reservoir pressurization process is depicted in fig. 6A, but may include more or fewer operational steps based on conventional or non-inventive labor. As shown in fig. 6A, the method may include:
s651, determining a construction parameter instruction template based on the target fracturing construction parameters and the target parameters;
s652, fracturing the target fracturing process is carried out on the area to be fractured based on the construction parameter guidance plate, the target fracturing construction parameters and the target parameters.
According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, first perforation cluster efficiencies corresponding to the same displacement, the same number of single-section perforations, and the same perforation diameter, respectively, are determined for different inter-cluster stress differences of the fracturing; aiming at the stress difference between the same clusters of fracturing, respectively determining second perforation cluster efficiency corresponding to different displacements, different single-section perforation numbers and different perforation diameters; and drawing a construction parameter instruction plate based on the first perforation cluster efficiency and the second perforation cluster efficiency. The first perforation cluster efficiency and the second perforation cluster efficiency may be obtained based on the simulation method as shown in fig. 5, or other perforation cluster efficiencies may be obtained based on interpolation of a small number of perforation cluster efficiencies determined by the simulation method, so as to obtain the first perforation cluster efficiency and the second perforation cluster efficiency. Specifically, the obtained inter-cluster stress difference, displacement and perforation cluster efficiency instruction chart is shown in fig. 6B, the obtained inter-cluster stress difference, single Duan Shekong hole number and perforation cluster efficiency instruction chart is shown in fig. 6C, and the obtained inter-cluster stress difference, perforation diameter and perforation cluster efficiency instruction chart is shown in fig. 6D.
It should be noted that the construction parameter instruction templates include, but are not limited to, the above three instruction templates, for example, other instruction templates may also be included according to actual situations.
Specifically, the fracturing of the target fracturing process for the region to be fractured based on the construction parameter guidance template, the target fracturing construction parameter and the target parameter may be that a fracturing construction scheme is determined based on the target fracturing construction parameter and the target parameter, the fracturing construction scheme is executed by using a preset process flow, and the fracturing construction scheme is corrected by using the construction parameter guidance template in the execution process.
The preset process flow can be, for example, (1) after casing is put into a well for completion, a blasting valve is opened under pressure, and a first-stage sliding sleeve is opened by using a ball injection for fracturing; (2) Plugging a first-stage fracturing channel by ball injection and opening a second-stage sliding sleeve to fracture; (3) Repeating the steps (1) and (2) and completing progressive layered fracturing (single-cluster fracturing), and carrying out open-flow production on the whole clusters after construction.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a single cluster point fracturing transformation device for efficient production of land shale oil according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 7, including,
a first determining unit 710, configured to determine, for a region to be fractured, a formation geological attribute, a mechanical attribute, and a reservoir characteristic parameter of the region to be fractured;
A second determining unit 720, configured to determine fracture characterization data based on the stratum geological attribute and the mechanical attribute;
the processing unit 730 is configured to perform capacity processing on the fracture characterization data and the oil reservoir characteristic parameters by using an oil reservoir numerical simulation method, and determine a target parameter corresponding to the target oil yield; and
a simulation unit 740 for performing target fracturing process simulation on the land shale reservoir model by using the fluid-solid coupling model, determining target fracturing construction parameters corresponding to the target parameters for performing fracturing of the target fracturing process in the region to be fractured,
the land shale reservoir model is constructed by a stratum structure model and a reservoir geomechanical model, and the stratum structure model and the reservoir geomechanical model are respectively constructed by stratum geological attributes and mechanical attributes.
Since the principle of the device for solving the problem is similar to that of the method, the implementation of the device can be referred to the implementation of the method, and the repetition is omitted.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, where an apparatus in the present disclosure may be the computer device in the present embodiment, and perform the method of the present disclosure. The computer device 802 may include one or more processing devices 804, such as one or more Central Processing Units (CPUs), each of which may implement one or more hardware threads. The computer device 802 may also include any storage resources 806 for storing any kind of information, such as code, settings, data, etc. For example, and without limitation, storage resources 806 may include any one or more of the following combinations: any type of RAM, any type of ROM, flash memory devices, hard disks, optical disks, etc. More generally, any storage resource may store information using any technology. Further, any storage resource may provide volatile or non-volatile retention of information. Further, any storage resources may represent fixed or removable components of computer device 802. In one case, the computer device 802 may perform any of the operations of the associated instructions when the processing device 804 executes the associated instructions stored in any storage resource or combination of storage resources. The computer device 802 also includes one or more drive mechanisms 808, such as a hard disk drive mechanism, an optical disk drive mechanism, and the like, for interacting with any storage resources.
The computer device 802 may also include an input/output module 810 (I/O) for receiving various inputs (via an input device 812) and for providing various outputs (via an output device 814). One particular output mechanism may include a presentation device 816 and an associated Graphical User Interface (GUI) 818. In other embodiments, input/output module 810 (I/O), input device 812, and output device 814 may not be included, but merely as a computer device in a network. The computer device 802 may also include one or more network interfaces 820 for exchanging data with other devices via one or more communication links 822. One or more communications buses 824 couple the above-described components together.
The communication link 822 may be implemented in any manner, such as, for example, through a local area network, a wide area network (e.g., the internet), a point-to-point connection, etc., or any combination thereof. Communication link 822 may include any combination of hardwired links, wireless links, routers, gateway functions, name servers, etc., governed by any protocol or combination of protocols.
The embodiments of the present specification also provide a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the above method.
The present description also provides a computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the above method.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present description may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present specification may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present description can take the form of a computer program product on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present description is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the specification. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The foregoing detailed description of the embodiments has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and it should be understood that the foregoing is by way of example only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Claims (11)
1. A single cluster point fracturing transformation method for high-efficiency production of land shale oil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining stratum geological properties, mechanical properties and oil reservoir characteristic parameters of an area to be fractured aiming at the area to be fractured;
determining fracture characterization data based on the stratigraphic geologic properties and the mechanical properties;
carrying out capacity processing on the fracture characterization data and the oil reservoir characteristic parameters by using an oil reservoir numerical simulation method, and determining target parameters corresponding to target oil production; and
performing target fracturing process simulation on a land shale reservoir model by using a fluid-solid coupling model, determining target fracturing construction parameters corresponding to the target parameters for fracturing a target fracturing process in the area to be fractured,
the land shale reservoir model is constructed by a tattoo structure model and a reservoir geomechanical model, and the tattoo structure model and the reservoir geomechanical model are respectively constructed by stratum geological attributes and mechanical attributes.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining fracture characterization data based on the formation geological properties and the mechanical properties comprises:
Constructing the tattooing structure model and the reservoir geomechanical model based on the stratigraphic geologic properties and the mechanical properties;
collecting the stratum structure model and the reservoir geomechanical model to obtain the land shale reservoir model; and
and processing the land shale reservoir model by using a fracture prediction simulation method to obtain the fracture characterization data.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the performing capacity processing on the fracture characterization data and the reservoir characteristic parameters using a reservoir numerical simulation method, determining a target parameter corresponding to a target oil production comprises:
processing the fracture characterization data and the oil reservoir characteristic parameters by using the oil reservoir numerical simulation method, and determining the change of oil production corresponding to each simulated fracture parameter along with time in each low-pressure drainage area, wherein the low-pressure drainage area comprises at least one fracture, and the fracture corresponds to the simulated fracture parameter;
determining a target oil production from the oil production; and
and determining the simulated fracture parameter corresponding to the target oil production as the target parameter.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein performing a target fracturing process simulation on the land shale reservoir model using a fluid-solid coupling model, determining target fracturing construction parameters corresponding to the target parameters comprises:
Determining a plurality of fracturing construction parameters corresponding to the area to be fractured, wherein the fracturing construction parameters correspond to the target fracturing process;
performing the fracturing construction parameter simulation on the land shale reservoir model by using the fluid-solid coupling model to obtain simulation parameters;
determining fracture parameters matched with the target parameters from a plurality of simulation parameters; and
and taking the fracturing construction parameters corresponding to the fracturing crack parameters as the target fracturing construction parameters.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the simulation parameters include perforation cluster efficiency, and wherein the manner in which perforation cluster efficiency is determined includes:
wherein the A represents the perforation cluster efficiency, the B represents the number of perforation effective clusters, and the C represents the total number of construction clusters included in the fracturing construction parameters,
the method for determining the effective perforating clusters comprises the steps of determining the effective perforating clusters, wherein the effective perforating clusters comprise the effective perforating clusters, the effective perforating clusters are determined to be the effective perforating clusters in the condition that the transformation volume of a fracture reservoir of the candidate perforating clusters meets a preset formula, and the preset formula comprises the following steps:
wherein the saidRepresenting the reservoir reconstruction volume of a C-th cluster fracture, wherein C represents the total number of clusters in construction, V represents the total pump injection amount included in the fracturing construction parameters, and V represents the total pump injection amount l Characterizing the total fluid loss included in the fracturing construction parameters.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the target fracturing process is a single cluster point fracturing process.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the fracturing of the target fracturing process at the area to be fractured further comprises:
determining a construction parameter guidance template based on the target fracturing construction parameters and the target parameters; and
and carrying out fracturing of a target fracturing process on the area to be fractured based on the construction parameter instruction plate, the target fracturing construction parameters and the target parameters.
8. A single cluster point fracturing transformation device for high-efficient production of land shale oil, its characterized in that includes:
the first determining unit is used for determining stratum geological properties, mechanical properties and oil reservoir characteristic parameters of the area to be fractured aiming at the area to be fractured;
a second determining unit configured to determine fracture characterization data based on the formation geological properties and the mechanical properties;
the processing unit is used for carrying out capacity processing on the fracture characterization data and the oil reservoir characteristic parameters by utilizing an oil reservoir numerical simulation method, and determining target parameters corresponding to target oil production; and
A simulation unit for performing target fracturing process simulation on a land shale reservoir model by utilizing a fluid-solid coupling model, determining target fracturing construction parameters corresponding to the target parameters for performing fracturing of a target fracturing process in the to-be-fractured area,
the land shale reservoir model is constructed by a tattoo structure model and a reservoir geomechanical model, and the tattoo structure model and the reservoir geomechanical model are respectively constructed by stratum geological attributes and mechanical attributes.
9. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the method of any of the preceding claims 1-7 when executing the computer program.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium has stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs the method of any of the preceding claims 1-7.
11. A computer program product comprising computer programs/instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the method according to any of claims 1-7.
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