CN110984943A - Limit clustering perforation fracturing method for long horizontal well of compact reservoir - Google Patents

Limit clustering perforation fracturing method for long horizontal well of compact reservoir Download PDF

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CN110984943A
CN110984943A CN201911151133.8A CN201911151133A CN110984943A CN 110984943 A CN110984943 A CN 110984943A CN 201911151133 A CN201911151133 A CN 201911151133A CN 110984943 A CN110984943 A CN 110984943A
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fracturing
perforation
less
section
horizontal well
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CN110984943B (en
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白晓虎
慕立俊
赵振峰
李宪文
张矿生
唐梅荣
杜现飞
马兵
陈强
李晓燕
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Petrochina Co Ltd
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/25Methods for stimulating production
    • E21B43/26Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/11Perforators; Permeators
    • E21B43/116Gun or shaped-charge perforators

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of oil reservoir measure yield increase in oil extraction engineering, and particularly relates to a long horizontal well limit clustering perforation fracturing method for a compact reservoir. The invention improves the opening efficiency of the hole by greatly reducing the number of single cluster holes, greatly improves the uniformity of fluid distribution among multiple clusters, realizes the balanced crack initiation of the multiple clusters and the effective extension, further greatly increases the number of cluster jet holes in the segment and improves the control degree of the single-segment crack on the length of the oil layer segment. On the premise of not reducing the fracturing modification strength, the method can better realize effective opening of multiple clusters of cracks and realize full modification of the compact reservoir horizontal well. The method can effectively improve the effectiveness of the multi-cluster fracturing cracks in the section, improve the control degree of the single-section cracks on the length of the oil layer section, greatly reduce the number of the fracturing sections, improve the construction efficiency, reduce the operation cost, and have wide application prospect in the efficiency improvement cost reduction aspect of the unconventional oil and gas long horizontal well.

Description

Limit clustering perforation fracturing method for long horizontal well of compact reservoir
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil reservoir measure yield increase in oil extraction engineering, and particularly relates to a long horizontal well limit clustering perforation fracturing method for a compact reservoir.
Background
In recent years, staged multi-cluster volume fracturing of a long horizontal well gradually develops into a main technology for realizing effective exploitation and economic benefit development of a compact reservoir. The horizontal section of a compact oil reservoir represented by a certain basin generally breaks through 1500m, and the longest horizontal section is more than 3000 m. The method mainly adopts a soluble bridge plug subsection multi-cluster volume fracturing technology for transformation, the interval between segments is 20-30 m, each segment of perforation is 4-6 clusters, the density of holes is 15 holes/m, the length of a single cluster of perforation is 0.6-0.8 m, the number of holes of the single cluster is 9-12 holes, the interval between clusters is 5-10m, and the length of a single-segment oil layer is 30-50 m. The conventional large-discharge-rate general fracturing cannot realize complete initiation and expansion of multiple fractures in a section due to the influence of stratum heterogeneity, and tests such as step discharge analysis and underground micro-seismic monitoring show that the number of effective liquid inlet clusters in the modification mode is only 50-60% of the set parameters, the difference with the set parameters of fracturing is large, and the yield of a single well cannot reach the expectation. Meanwhile, along with the continuous increase of the horizontal section, the number of stages of fracturing operation is synchronously increased, the parameters of a single well are set to 120-150 clusters of cracks according to the measurement and calculation of the length of the 1500m horizontal section, 4-6 clusters of cracks in each section need to be generated by using a bridge plug as an intersegment packing tool, the fracturing operation is carried out for 25-30 stages, the operation cost and the construction period are both greatly increased, and great challenges are brought to the benefit development and the rapid production of compact reservoirs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for carrying out ultimate clustering perforation and fracturing on a long horizontal well of a compact reservoir, and aims to provide a perforation and fracturing method which can improve the fracture initiation effectiveness and the expansion balance of a plurality of clusters of fractures and balance the contradiction between the fracture density and the operation cost of the conventional subdivision cutting fracturing of the long horizontal well.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for limit clustering perforation fracturing of a long horizontal well of a compact reservoir comprises the following steps
The method comprises the following steps: establishing a horizontal segment comprehensive quality grading evaluation standard
Screening numerical values in the integrated dessert identification factors of the comprehensive geological engineering according to the logging result of the long horizontal well of the compact reservoir, and establishing a horizontal section comprehensive quality grading evaluation standard which is classified into I, II and III;
step two: selecting fracture modification objects
According to the comprehensive quality grading result of the horizontal section in the step one, selecting I, II horizontal sections as fracturing modification objects;
step three: segmenting and clustering fracture perforation positions
Carrying out differential crack arrangement by combining the dessert distribution form according to the fracturing modification object selected in the step two, and carrying out segmentation and clustering on the crack perforation positions;
step four: differential parameter setting for single stage fracturing scale
Setting differentiation parameters of single-stage fracturing scale according to the number of clusters divided in the third step;
step five: performing multi-cluster perforation and fracturing construction
After the fourth step is finished, carrying out oil pipe transmission multi-cluster perforation on the first section of the horizontal well, and carrying out fracturing construction;
step six: bridge plug setting releasing and perforation of well section to be operated
After the fifth step is finished, a soluble bridge plug and a perforation tool are pumped by hydraulic power to perform bridge plug setting releasing and perforation of a well section to be operated;
step seven: sealing off the well section for the target operation from the well section already operated at the lower part
After the sixth step is finished, putting a soluble fracturing ball matched with the bridge plug from the well mouth, sealing the target operation well section and the lower operated well section, and then injecting by using a light sleeve to realize fracturing construction;
step eight: repeating the sixth step and the seventh step until the limit clustering perforation fracturing operation of all the intervals of the long horizontal well is completed;
step nine: and (4) closing the well, and after the soluble ball and the soluble bridge plug are dissolved, releasing, solving the production and completing the well.
The comprehensive geological engineering integrated dessert identification factors screened in the first step comprise a physical property index, an oil content index, a ground stress index and a brittleness index; the physical index adopts effective porosity, the oil-containing index adopts oil-containing saturation, the ground stress index adopts minimum horizontal well main stress, and the brittleness index adopts brittleness index.
The specific grading evaluation standard of the comprehensive quality of the horizontal section established in the step one and classified into I, II and III is
(1) A dessert of type I: the effective porosity is more than or equal to 5 percent, the oil content is more than or equal to 70 percent, the minimum horizontal well main stress is less than or equal to 30MPa, and the brittleness index is more than or equal to 50 percent;
(2) type II dessert:
① 3 percent or more, the effective porosity is less than 5 percent, 50 percent or more, the oil saturation is less than 70 percent, the minimum horizontal well main stress is less than 30MPa, and the brittleness index is more than or equal to 50 percent;
② effective porosity is more than or equal to 5%, oil saturation is more than or equal to 70%, minimum horizontal well main stress is more than 30MPa and less than or equal to 34MPa, brittleness index is more than or equal to 40% and less than 50%;
③ 3 percent or more and less than 5 percent of effective porosity, 50 percent or more and less than 70 percent of oil saturation, 30MPa or more and less than 34MPa of minimum horizontal well main stress, and 40 percent or more and less than 50 percent of brittleness index;
(3) a type III dessert:
① effective porosity is less than 3%, oil saturation is less than 50%, minimum horizontal well main stress is less than or equal to 30MPa, brittleness index is more than or equal to 50%;
② effective porosity is less than 3%, oil saturation is less than 50%, minimum horizontal well main stress is less than or equal to 34MPa and minimum horizontal well main stress is less than or equal to 30MPa, brittleness index is less than or equal to 50% and more than or equal to 40%;
③, the effective porosity is more than or equal to 5%, the oil saturation is more than or equal to 70%, the minimum horizontal well main stress is more than 34MPa, and the brittleness index is less than 40%;
④ 3 percent or more, the effective porosity is less than 5 percent, 50 percent or more, the oil saturation is less than 70 percent, the minimum horizontal well main stress is more than 34MPa, and the brittleness index is less than 40 percent;
⑤ effective porosity is less than 3%, oil saturation is less than 50%, minimum horizontal well main stress is more than 34MPa, and brittleness index is less than 40%.
When segmentation and clustering are carried out in the third step, the number of single-cluster perforation holes is 2 holes/cluster, the number of single-segment fracture clusters is 8-12 clusters/segment, and the specific method for setting differentiation parameters of the cluster spacing and the single-segment fracturing horizontal segment length according to the dessert development characteristics comprises the following steps:
screening homogeneous desserts in a horizontal section of the continuous development of the desserts, wherein the crack spacing is 5-10m, and the fracturing section length is 60-80 m;
screening desserts with similar geological engineering conditions in a horizontal section where the desserts are discontinuously developed, wherein the crack spacing is 10-15 m, and the fracturing section length is 100-120 m;
screening type I desserts in a horizontal section of desserts punctiform dispersive development, performing cloth seam auxiliary transformation, wherein the interval of cracks is 15-20 m, and the length of a fracturing section is 150-180 m.
The number of the perforation clusters in the four steps is 8-12 clusters.
The specific method for setting the differentiation parameters of the single-stage fracturing scale in the fourth step comprises the following steps:
setting the sand amount parameter of a single section to be 180-240 m in the horizontal section of the continuous development of the dessert3The single-stage liquid volume parameter is set to 2000-2500 m3
Setting the sand amount parameter of a single section to be 150-180 m in the horizontal section of discontinuous dessert development3The parameter of the single-stage liquid amount is set to be 1500-2000 m3
Setting the sand amount parameter of a single section to be 100-150 m in the horizontal section of the punctual dispersed development of the dessert3The parameter of the single-stage liquid amount is set to be 1000-1500 m3
In the fifth step, 3-4 clusters are selected for the number of the first-stage perforation fracturing clusters of the horizontal well, the perforation interval is 10-20 m, and the single-stage sand amount parameter is set to be 100-150 m3The parameter of the single-stage liquid amount is set to be 1000-1500 m3
In the fifth step, the first-stage perforation adopts a multi-cluster perforation mode of oil pipe or continuous oil pipe transmission, the ground pump truck is used for pressing the perforation to a set value, and multiple clusters are all jetted out at one time; the set value of the ground pump truck is 25-30 MPa.
In the sixth step, the perforation adopts a cable transmission fire perforation mode, 2 single-cluster holes are formed, the diameter of each perforation is 15-18 mm, and the perforation phase is 180 degrees; 8-12 clusters are formed in a single section, and the number of holes is 16-24; the bridge plug and the cluster perforating guns are connected by an ignition switch, the setting and releasing are ignited after the bridge plug is pumped to the setting position, then the cable is lifted to the first cluster perforating position to ignite perforating, and then the cable is lifted to the subsequent perforating position in sequence to ignite step by step, so that the perforating of all clusters in the well section to be operated is completed.
The soluble bridge plug in the sixth step is 51/2"the bearing pressure of the bridge plug for the sleeve is more than or equal to 70MPa, and the bridge plug can resist the temperature of 120 ℃; the pressure bearing capacity of the soluble fracturing ball in the seventh step is more than or equal to 70MPa, and the soluble fracturing ball can resist the temperature of 120 ℃.
Has the advantages that:
(1) the invention solves the problems of low effectiveness, high operation cost and long construction period of the conventional long horizontal well sectional multi-cluster volume fracturing multi-cluster.
(2) The invention greatly reduces the number of single cluster holes and increases the number of perforation clusters, improves the uniformity of fluid distribution among multiple clusters, realizes the balanced crack initiation of the multiple clusters and the effective extension, and improves the control degree of single-segment cracks on the length of an oil reservoir segment.
(3) The method does not reduce the fracturing modification strength, can better realize effective opening of multiple clusters of fractures, realizes full modification of the compact reservoir horizontal well and reduces the operation cost.
(4) By adopting the method, the production yield of the horizontal well can be improved by 16-25%, but the operation cost is reduced by 8-12%, and the fracturing cycle is shortened by 25-35%.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to clearly understand the technical solutions of the present invention and to implement the technical solutions according to the contents of the description, the following detailed description is given with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the method for carrying out limit clustering perforation fracturing on the long horizontal well of the tight reservoir as shown in figure 1 comprises the following steps
The method comprises the following steps: establishing a horizontal segment comprehensive quality grading evaluation standard
Screening numerical values in the integrated dessert identification factors of the comprehensive geological engineering according to the logging result of the long horizontal well of the compact reservoir, and establishing a horizontal section comprehensive quality grading evaluation standard which is classified into I, II and III;
step two: selecting fracture modification objects
According to the comprehensive quality grading result of the horizontal section in the step one, selecting I, II horizontal sections as fracturing modification objects;
step three: segmenting and clustering fracture perforation positions
Carrying out differential crack arrangement by combining the dessert distribution form according to the fracturing modification object selected in the step two, and carrying out segmentation and clustering on the crack perforation positions;
step four: differential parameter setting for single stage fracturing scale
Setting differentiation parameters of single-stage fracturing scale according to the number of clusters divided in the third step;
step five: performing multi-cluster perforation and fracturing construction
After the fourth step is finished, carrying out oil pipe transmission multi-cluster perforation on the first section of the horizontal well, and carrying out fracturing construction;
step six: bridge plug setting releasing and perforation of well section to be operated
After the fifth step is finished, a soluble bridge plug and a perforation tool are pumped by hydraulic power to perform bridge plug setting releasing and perforation of a well section to be operated;
step seven: sealing off the well section for the target operation from the well section already operated at the lower part
After the sixth step is finished, putting a soluble fracturing ball matched with the bridge plug from the well mouth, sealing the target operation well section and the lower operated well section, and then injecting by using a light sleeve to realize fracturing construction;
step eight: repeating the sixth step and the seventh step until the limit clustering perforation fracturing operation of all the intervals of the long horizontal well is completed;
step nine: and (4) closing the well, and after the soluble ball and the soluble bridge plug are dissolved, releasing, solving the production and completing the well.
In actual use, the method improves the effectiveness of the staged multi-cluster volume fracturing of the long horizontal well, reduces the operation cost and shortens the construction period. The method does not reduce the fracturing modification strength, can better realize effective opening of multiple clusters of fractures, realizes full modification of the compact reservoir horizontal well and reduces the operation cost. Practical figures show that the effective rate of the inner hole holes in the section reaches more than 80%, and is improved by 20-35% compared with the conventional perforation. The production yield of the horizontal well is improved by 20 percent, but the operation cost is reduced by 10 percent, and the fracturing period is shortened by 30 percent.
In actual use, the injection is realized by using a light sleeveFracturing construction, the injection displacement of the optical sleeve reaches 103More than min.
Example two:
according to the ultimate clustering perforation fracturing method for the long horizontal well of the tight reservoir, which is shown in the figure 1, the difference from the first embodiment is that: the comprehensive geological engineering integrated dessert identification factors screened in the first step comprise a physical property index, an oil content index, a ground stress index and a brittleness index; the physical index adopts effective porosity, the oil-containing index adopts oil-containing saturation, the ground stress index adopts minimum horizontal well main stress, and the brittleness index adopts brittleness index.
Preferably, the specific grading evaluation criteria for the comprehensive quality of the horizontal segment established in the step one and classified into the categories I, II and III are
(1) A dessert of type I: the effective porosity is more than or equal to 5 percent, the oil content is more than or equal to 70 percent, the minimum horizontal well main stress is less than or equal to 30MPa, and the brittleness index is more than or equal to 50 percent.
(2) Type II dessert:
① 3 percent or more, the effective porosity is less than 5 percent, 50 percent or more, the oil saturation is less than 70 percent, the minimum horizontal well main stress is less than 30MPa, and the brittleness index is more than or equal to 50 percent;
② effective porosity is more than or equal to 5%, oil saturation is more than or equal to 70%, minimum horizontal well main stress is more than 30MPa and less than or equal to 34MPa, brittleness index is more than or equal to 40% and less than 50%;
③ 3 percent or more and less than 5 percent of effective porosity, 50 percent or more and less than 70 percent of oil saturation, 30MPa or more and less than 34MPa of minimum horizontal well main stress, and 40 percent or more and less than 50 percent of brittleness index;
(3) a type III dessert:
① effective porosity is less than 3%, oil saturation is less than 50%, minimum horizontal well main stress is less than or equal to 30MPa, brittleness index is more than or equal to 50%;
② effective porosity is less than 3%, oil saturation is less than 50%, minimum horizontal well main stress is less than or equal to 34MPa and minimum horizontal well main stress is less than or equal to 30MPa, brittleness index is less than or equal to 50% and more than or equal to 40%;
③, the effective porosity is more than or equal to 5%, the oil saturation is more than or equal to 70%, the minimum horizontal well main stress is more than 34MPa, and the brittleness index is less than 40%;
④ 3 percent or more, the effective porosity is less than 5 percent, 50 percent or more, the oil saturation is less than 70 percent, the minimum horizontal well main stress is more than 34MPa, and the brittleness index is less than 40 percent;
⑤ effective porosity is less than 3%, oil saturation is less than 50%, minimum horizontal well main stress is more than 34MPa, and brittleness index is less than 40%.
In actual use, the technical scheme is adopted, so that the recognition rate of the modified dessert of the long horizontal well of the compact reservoir is greatly improved. The technical scheme is implemented in a mine field, the rest 2500 sections of 120-hole well fracturing are completely pressed, and the success rate of one-time pressing is up to 95%.
Example three:
according to the ultimate clustering perforation fracturing method for the long horizontal well of the tight reservoir, which is shown in the figure 1, the difference from the first embodiment is that: and when the segmentation and clustering are carried out in the second step, the cluster spacing is 5-10m, the number of single-cluster perforation holes is 2 holes/cluster, the number of single-segment crack clusters is 8-12 clusters/segment, and the length of the single-segment is 60-80 m.
In actual use, fracture perforation positions are selected according to reservoir logging interpretation results, the cluster spacing is 5-10m, the number of single-cluster perforation holes is greatly reduced from conventional 9-12 holes/cluster to 2 holes/cluster, the number of single-section fracture clusters is greatly increased from conventional 4-6 clusters/section to 8-12 clusters/section, and the length of a single-section is increased from conventional 30-50m to 60-80 m.
According to the technical scheme, the number of single-cluster holes is greatly reduced, the number of perforation clusters is increased, the uniformity of fluid distribution among multiple clusters is improved, the multiple clusters are subjected to balanced crack initiation and effective extension, and the control degree of a single-section crack on the length of an oil reservoir section is improved. The method does not reduce the fracturing modification strength, can better realize effective opening of multiple clusters of fractures, realizes full modification of the compact reservoir horizontal well and reduces the operation cost.
Example four:
according to the ultimate clustering perforation fracturing method for the long horizontal well of the tight reservoir, which is shown in the figure 1, the difference from the first embodiment is that: when segmentation and clustering are carried out in the third step, the number of single-cluster perforation holes is 2 holes/cluster, the number of single-segment fracture clusters is 8-12 clusters/segment, and the specific method for setting differentiation parameters of the cluster spacing and the single-segment fracturing horizontal segment length according to the dessert development characteristics comprises the following steps:
screening homogeneous desserts in a horizontal section of the continuous development of the desserts, wherein the crack spacing is 5-10m, and the fracturing section length is 60-80 m;
screening desserts with similar geological engineering conditions in a horizontal section where the desserts are discontinuously developed, wherein the crack spacing is 10-15 m, and the fracturing section length is 100-120 m;
screening type I desserts in a horizontal section of desserts punctiform dispersive development, performing cloth seam auxiliary transformation, wherein the interval of cracks is 15-20 m, and the length of a fracturing section is 150-180 m.
In actual use, crack perforation positions are selected according to reservoir logging interpretation results, the number of single-cluster perforation holes is greatly reduced from conventional 9-12 holes/cluster to 2 holes/cluster, the number of single-section crack clusters is further greatly increased from conventional 4-6 clusters/section to 8-12 clusters/section, and the length of the single-section is increased from conventional 30-50m to 60-80m, 100-120 m and 150-180 m.
According to the technical scheme, the opening efficiency of the hole is improved by greatly reducing the number of single cluster holes, the uniformity of fluid distribution among multiple clusters is greatly improved, the multiple clusters are uniformly cracked and effectively extended, the number of cluster jet holes in the segment is greatly increased, and the control degree of the single-segment cracks on the length of the oil layer segment is improved. On the premise of not reducing the fracturing modification strength, the method can better realize effective opening of multiple clusters of cracks and realize full modification of the horizontal well with the compact reservoir. The invention can effectively improve the effectiveness of the multi-cluster fracturing cracks in the section, improve the control degree of the single-section cracks on the length of the oil layer section, greatly reduce the number of the fracturing sections, improve the construction efficiency and reduce the operation cost.
Example five:
according to the ultimate clustering perforation fracturing method for the long horizontal well of the tight reservoir, which is shown in the figure 1, the difference from the first embodiment is that: the number of the perforation clusters in the four steps is 8-12 clusters.
Preferably, the specific method for setting the differentiation parameters of the single-stage fracturing scale in the fourth step is as follows:
setting the sand amount parameter of a single section to be 180-240 m in the horizontal section of the continuous development of the dessert3The single-stage liquid volume parameter is set to 2000-2500 m3
Setting the sand amount parameter of a single section to be 150-180 m in the horizontal section of discontinuous dessert development3The parameter of the single-stage liquid amount is set to be 1500-2000 m3
Setting the sand amount parameter of a single section to be 100-150 m in the horizontal section of the punctual dispersed development of the dessert3The parameter of the single-stage liquid amount is set to be 1000-1500 m3
In practical use, the formation pressure coefficients of the long horizontal well of the compact reservoir are all over 1.0 after the long horizontal well is reformed, the number of the self-injection production wells is greatly increased, the ratio is 92%, the average casing pressure is 1.0-3.0 MPa, and the continuous self-injection is carried out for over 30 days after oil is produced.
Example six:
according to the ultimate clustering perforation fracturing method for the long horizontal well of the tight reservoir, which is shown in the figure 1, the difference from the first embodiment is that: in the fifth step, the first-stage perforation adopts a multi-cluster perforation mode of oil pipe or continuous oil pipe transmission, the ground pump truck is used for pressing the perforation to a set value, and multiple clusters are all jetted out at one time; the set value of the ground pump truck is 25-30 MPa.
When the perforating gun is actually used, the ground pump truck is pressed to about 25MPa, and the perforating success rate reaches 100 percent.
Example seven:
according to the ultimate clustering perforation fracturing method for the long horizontal well of the tight reservoir, which is shown in the figure 1, the difference from the first embodiment is that: in the sixth step, the perforation adopts a cable transmission fire perforation mode, 2 single-cluster holes are formed, the diameter of each perforation is 15-18 mm, and the perforation phase is 180 degrees; 8-12 clusters are formed in a single section, and the number of holes is 16-24; the bridge plug and the cluster perforating guns are connected by an ignition switch, the setting and releasing are ignited after the bridge plug is pumped to the setting position, then the cable is lifted to the first cluster perforating position to ignite perforating, and then the cable is lifted to the subsequent perforating position in sequence to ignite step by step, so that the perforating of all clusters in the well section to be operated is completed.
When the hydraulic pump bridge plug limit clustering perforation fracturing combined process is actually used, the success rate of bridge plug setting and releasing reaches 98%, and the success rate of limit clustering perforation is 100%.
Example eight:
according toThe method for limit clustering perforation fracturing of the long horizontal well of the tight reservoir shown in the figure 1 is different from the first embodiment in that: the soluble bridge plug in the sixth step is 51/2"the bearing pressure of the bridge plug for the sleeve is more than or equal to 70MPa, and the bridge plug can resist the temperature of 120 ℃; the pressure bearing capacity of the soluble fracturing ball in the seventh step is more than or equal to 70MPa, and the soluble fracturing ball can resist the temperature of 120 ℃.
In actual use, the soluble bridge plug in the sixth step is 51/2"the bridge plug for casing bears pressure more than or equal to 70MPa, can resist temperature of 120 ℃, can be dissolved in 30 days at the formation temperature of 50-90 ℃, does not need drilling and grinding after pressing, directly drains liquid and puts into production, and presses the full drift diameter of a shaft. And (3) drilling and plugging ring joints are avoided after the soluble bridge of the long horizontal well of the compact reservoir is plugged, the oil testing period of a single well is shortened by 15-20 days, and the oil testing cost is reduced by 100-150 ten thousand yuan.
And in the sixth step, the fracturing ball is a soluble ball, the pressure bearing capacity is more than or equal to 70MPa, the fracturing ball can resist the temperature of 120 ℃ and the temperature of 50-90 ℃ and starts to dissolve in 4 hours, and the fracturing ball can be completely dissolved in 2 days. For a well section which cannot be smoothly pumped due to high hydraulic pumping pressure, the well section is dissolved by closing the well for 4 hours, a lower pumping channel is established, and the complex conditions of blowout, derrick erection, oil pipe delivery and re-perforation caused by abnormal construction are effectively avoided.
Example nine:
in a field test of 10 wells in a compact oil horizontal well, the number of fracturing sections of a single well is reduced from 24 sections to 14 sections, and the stepped displacement test analysis shows that the effective rate of the inner hole eye of each section reaches over 80 percent and is improved by 20-35 percent compared with the conventional perforation (see table 1). The production yield of the horizontal well is improved by 20 percent, but the operation cost is reduced by 10 percent, and the fracturing period is shortened by 30 percent.
TABLE 1 comparison of fracture initiation effectiveness in Limit Cluster versus conventional Cluster segments
Figure BDA0002283577390000141
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
In the case of no conflict, a person skilled in the art may combine the related technical features in the above examples according to actual situations to achieve corresponding technical effects, and details of various combining situations are not described herein.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein. Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The method for limit clustering perforation fracturing of long horizontal well of tight reservoir is characterized by comprising the following steps
The method comprises the following steps: establishing a horizontal segment comprehensive quality grading evaluation standard
Screening numerical values in the integrated dessert identification factors of the comprehensive geological engineering according to the logging result of the long horizontal well of the compact reservoir, and establishing a horizontal section comprehensive quality grading evaluation standard which is classified into I, II and III;
step two: selecting fracture modification objects
According to the comprehensive quality grading result of the horizontal section in the step one, selecting I, II horizontal sections as fracturing modification objects;
step three: segmenting and clustering fracture perforation positions
Carrying out differential crack arrangement by combining the dessert distribution form according to the fracturing modification object selected in the step two, and carrying out segmentation and clustering on the crack perforation positions;
step four: differential parameter setting for single stage fracturing scale
Setting differentiation parameters of single-stage fracturing scale according to the number of clusters divided in the third step;
step five: performing multi-cluster perforation and fracturing construction
After the fourth step is finished, carrying out oil pipe transmission multi-cluster perforation on the first section of the horizontal well, and carrying out fracturing construction;
step six: bridge plug setting releasing and perforation of well section to be operated
After the fifth step is finished, a soluble bridge plug and a perforation tool are pumped by hydraulic power to perform bridge plug setting releasing and perforation of a well section to be operated;
step seven: sealing off the well section for the target operation from the well section already operated at the lower part
After the sixth step is finished, putting a soluble fracturing ball matched with the bridge plug from the well mouth, sealing the target operation well section and the lower operated well section, and then injecting by using a light sleeve to realize fracturing construction;
step eight: repeating the sixth step and the seventh step until the limit clustering perforation fracturing operation of all the intervals of the long horizontal well is completed;
step nine: and (4) closing the well, and after the soluble ball and the soluble bridge plug are dissolved, releasing, solving the production and completing the well.
2. The tight reservoir long horizontal well limit clustering perforation fracturing method of claim 1 is characterized in that: the comprehensive geological engineering integrated dessert identification factors screened in the first step comprise a physical property index, an oil content index, a ground stress index and a brittleness index; the physical index adopts effective porosity, the oil-containing index adopts oil-containing saturation, the ground stress index adopts minimum horizontal well main stress, and the brittleness index adopts brittleness index.
3. The tight reservoir long horizontal well limit clustering perforation fracturing method of claim 1 is characterized in that: the specific grading evaluation standard of the comprehensive quality of the horizontal section established in the step one and classified into I, II and III is
(1) A dessert of type I: the effective porosity is more than or equal to 5 percent, the oil content is more than or equal to 70 percent, the minimum horizontal well main stress is less than or equal to 30MPa, and the brittleness index is more than or equal to 50 percent;
(2) type II dessert:
① 3 percent or more, the effective porosity is less than 5 percent, 50 percent or more, the oil saturation is less than 70 percent, the minimum horizontal well main stress is less than 30MPa, and the brittleness index is more than or equal to 50 percent;
② effective porosity is more than or equal to 5%, oil saturation is more than or equal to 70%, minimum horizontal well main stress is more than 30MPa and less than or equal to 34MPa, brittleness index is more than or equal to 40% and less than 50%;
③ 3 percent or more and less than 5 percent of effective porosity, 50 percent or more and less than 70 percent of oil saturation, 30MPa or more and less than 34MPa of minimum horizontal well main stress, and 40 percent or more and less than 50 percent of brittleness index;
(3) a type III dessert:
① effective porosity is less than 3%, oil saturation is less than 50%, minimum horizontal well main stress is less than or equal to 30MPa, brittleness index is more than or equal to 50%;
② effective porosity is less than 3%, oil saturation is less than 50%, minimum horizontal well main stress is less than or equal to 34MPa and minimum horizontal well main stress is less than or equal to 30MPa, brittleness index is less than or equal to 50% and more than or equal to 40%;
③, the effective porosity is more than or equal to 5%, the oil saturation is more than or equal to 70%, the minimum horizontal well main stress is more than 34MPa, and the brittleness index is less than 40%;
④ 3 percent or more, the effective porosity is less than 5 percent, 50 percent or more, the oil saturation is less than 70 percent, the minimum horizontal well main stress is more than 34MPa, and the brittleness index is less than 40 percent;
⑤ effective porosity is less than 3%, oil saturation is less than 50%, minimum horizontal well main stress is more than 34MPa, and brittleness index is less than 40%.
4. The method for carrying out ultimate clustering perforation fracturing on the long horizontal well of the tight reservoir according to claim 1, wherein when the segmentation and clustering are carried out in the third step, the number of single-cluster perforation holes is 2 holes/cluster, the number of single-segment fracture clusters is 8-12 clusters/segment, and the specific method for carrying out differentiation parameter setting on the interval between clusters and the length of the single-segment fracturing horizontal segment according to the dessert development characteristics comprises the following steps:
screening homogeneous desserts in a horizontal section of the continuous development of the desserts, wherein the crack spacing is 5-10m, and the fracturing section length is 60-80 m;
screening desserts with similar geological engineering conditions in a horizontal section where the desserts are discontinuously developed, wherein the crack spacing is 10-15 m, and the fracturing section length is 100-120 m;
screening type I desserts in a horizontal section of desserts punctiform dispersive development, performing cloth seam auxiliary transformation, wherein the interval of cracks is 15-20 m, and the length of a fracturing section is 150-180 m.
5. The tight reservoir long horizontal well limit clustering perforation fracturing method of claim 1 is characterized in that: the number of the perforation clusters in the four steps is 8-12 clusters.
6. The tight reservoir long horizontal well limit clustering perforation fracturing method according to claim 1, wherein the specific method for setting the single-stage fracturing scale differentiation parameters in the fourth step is as follows:
setting the sand amount parameter of a single section to be 180-240 m in the horizontal section of the continuous development of the dessert3The single-stage liquid volume parameter is set to 2000-2500 m3
Setting the sand amount parameter of a single section to be 150-180 m in the horizontal section of discontinuous dessert development3The parameter of the single-stage liquid amount is set to be 1500-2000 m3
Setting the sand amount parameter of a single section to be 100-150 m in the horizontal section of the punctual dispersed development of the dessert3The parameter of the single-stage liquid amount is set to be 1000-1500 m3
7. The tight reservoir long horizontal well limit clustering perforation fracturing method of claim 1 is characterized in that: in the fifth step, 3-4 clusters are selected for the number of the first-stage perforation fracturing clusters of the horizontal well, the perforation interval is 10-20 m, and the single-stage sand amount parameter is set to be 100-150 m3The parameter of the single-stage liquid amount is set to be 1000-1500 m3
8. The tight reservoir long horizontal well limit clustering perforation fracturing method of claim 1 is characterized in that: in the fifth step, the first-stage perforation adopts a multi-cluster perforation mode of oil pipe or continuous oil pipe transmission, the ground pump truck is used for pressing the perforation to a set value, and multiple clusters are all jetted out at one time; the set value of the ground pump truck is 25-30 MPa.
9. The tight reservoir long horizontal well limit clustering perforation fracturing method of claim 1 is characterized in that: in the sixth step, the perforation adopts a cable transmission fire perforation mode, 2 single-cluster holes are formed, the diameter of each perforation is 15-18 mm, and the perforation phase is 180 degrees; 8-12 clusters are formed in a single section, and the number of holes is 16-24; the bridge plug and the cluster perforating guns are connected by an ignition switch, the setting and releasing are ignited after the bridge plug is pumped to the setting position, then the cable is lifted to the first cluster perforating position to ignite perforating, and then the cable is lifted to the subsequent perforating position in sequence to ignite step by step, so that the perforating of all clusters in the well section to be operated is completed.
10. The tight reservoir long horizontal well limit clustering perforation fracturing method of claim 1 is characterized in that: the soluble bridge plug in the sixth step is 51/2"the bearing pressure of the bridge plug for the sleeve is more than or equal to 70MPa, and the bridge plug can resist the temperature of 120 ℃; the pressure bearing capacity of the soluble fracturing ball in the seventh step is more than or equal to 70MPa, and the soluble fracturing ball can resist the temperature of 120 ℃.
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