CN113801721B - 一种高电导率齿轮磨削油 - Google Patents

一种高电导率齿轮磨削油 Download PDF

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CN113801721B
CN113801721B CN202111143623.0A CN202111143623A CN113801721B CN 113801721 B CN113801721 B CN 113801721B CN 202111143623 A CN202111143623 A CN 202111143623A CN 113801721 B CN113801721 B CN 113801721B
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CN113801721A (zh
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郑威
李晓栓
赵凯利
孙翠
聂晓霖
徐佳君
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Nanjing Jingke New Material Research Institute Co ltd
Nanjing Kerun Industrial Technology Co ltd
Nanjing Kerun New Material Technology Co ltd
Nanjing Kerun Industrial Media Co ltd
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Nanjing Kerun Industrial Technology Co ltd
Nanjing Kerun New Material Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种高电导率齿轮磨削油，由如下重量百分比的组分组成：基础油87～88.1％、合成酯6～7％、润滑添加剂4～5％、抗静电剂0.0.2～0.8％、表面活性剂0.3～0.5％、腐蚀抑制剂0.1～0.2％、抗氧剂0.2～0.3％以及消泡剂0.1～0.2％。本发明磨削油使用改性石墨烯、离子液体及表面活性剂在纯油性磨削油中搭建了稳定的导电网络，使磨削油的电导率从小于10pS/m提升至3000pS/m以上，从而降低了磨削加工中产生的静电积蓄的危险；同时改性石墨烯和离子液体还能进一步提高磨削油的润滑性和抗磨性，有助于改善齿轮磨削的加工效率及加工质量。

Description

一种高电导率齿轮磨削油
技术领域
本发明涉及一种高电导率齿轮磨削油。
背景技术
在齿轮尤其是汽车齿轮磨削工艺中，通常采用油品作为加工的介质，磨削油的作用主要是润滑、冷却、清洗、防锈等，因此对磨削油的设计也主要围绕这几个功能。如专利CN107164054A发明了一种使用复合添加剂的磨削油，符合使用要求且成本较低。专利CN101701163B使用硫磷类添加剂和油雾抑制剂制备了一种低油雾的齿轮磨削油。随着加工技术的进步，磨削设备也朝着高效、智能、小型化的方向发展，齿轮的高效磨削主要体现在砂轮的线速度及进给速度更快，磨削量更大，这会在磨削过程中产生更多热量和静电。静电在油箱内部积蓄，达到一定的量后会产生火花放电，导致设备的损坏，甚至可能引燃加工中产生的油雾，导致安全事故。上述变化要求磨削油在具有更好润滑、冷却、抗氧化性能的同时还需要具备一定的电导率以满足加工要求。传统的磨削油是电的不良导体，其电导率一般不高于10pS/m，不利于与现有高性能的磨齿机匹配。
发明内容
发明目的：本发明的目的是提供一种电导率不低于3000pS/m，从而能够与现有高性能磨齿机匹配的齿轮磨削油。
技术方案：本发明所述的高电导率齿轮磨削油，由如下重量百分比的组分组成：基础油87～88.1％、合成酯6～7％、润滑添加剂4～5％、抗静电剂0.02～0.8％、表面活性剂0.3～0.5％、腐蚀抑制剂0.1～0.2％、抗氧剂0.2～0.3％以及消泡剂0.1～0.2％。
其中，所述基础油为40℃下运动粘度为5～30mm2/s的二类加氢矿物油、天然气合成油或聚α烯烃中的至少两种组合物。
其中，所述合成酯为油酸甲酯或壬二酸二异辛酯。
其中，所述润滑添加剂为硫化脂肪酸酯和磷酸酯的组合物。
其中，所述抗静电剂为改性石墨烯与三丁基甲基铵双三氟甲磺酰亚胺盐的组合物和/或杜邦抗静电剂Stadis 450。
其中，所述表面活性剂为脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪胺聚氧乙烯醚或油酸中的一种。表面活性剂用于提高抗静电剂在油品中的分散稳定性以及油品的清洗效果。
其中，所述腐蚀抑制剂为苯并三氮唑衍生物或噻二唑衍生物。
其中，所述改性石墨烯采用如下方法制备而成：将石墨烯超声分散在石油醚中，加入石墨烯质量20～30％的表面改性剂油酸，油酸分子包含极性端和非极性端，极性端与石墨烯边缘接合后，再将溶剂通过蒸馏方法去除，即得到改性后的石墨烯。
石墨烯经过改性后，表面带有亲油性的长碳链基团，与基础油具有较好的相容性，并且石墨烯表面的长分子链在油液中舒展开后能形成空间位阻的效应，阻止石墨烯在油液中团聚，从而提高石墨烯在油液中的沉降稳定性。
上述高电导率齿轮磨削油采用如下方法制备而成：在调和釜中依次加入配方量的基础油和合成酯，搅拌升温至50～60℃，再往其中依次加入配方量的润滑添加剂、抗静电剂、表面活性剂、腐蚀抑制剂、抗氧剂以及消泡剂，搅拌1h后得到高电导率磨削油。
有益效果：相比于现有技术，本发明的显著优点为：本发明磨削油使用改性石墨烯、离子液体及表面活性剂在纯油性磨削油中搭建了稳定的导电网络，使电子能够在油品中传输，使磨削油的电导率从小于10pS/m提升至3000pS/m以上，从而降低了磨削加工中静电积蓄的危险；同时改性石墨烯和离子液体还能进一步提高磨削油的润滑性和抗磨性，有助于改善齿轮磨削的加工效率及加工质量。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例来对本发明技术方案作进一步阐述。
实施例1
本发明高电导率齿轮磨削油，由如下重量百分比的原料组分组成：PAO450％、70N37.7％、壬二酸二异辛酯6％、硫化脂肪酸酯4％、磷酸酯1％、改性石墨烯0.2％、三丁基甲基铵双三氟甲磺酰亚胺盐0.2％、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚0.5％、苯并三氮唑衍生物0.1％、聚丙烯酸酯消泡剂0.1％以及T501 0.2％。
实施例2
本发明高电导率齿轮磨削油，由如下重量百分比的原料组分组成：PAO450％、70N37.3％、壬二酸二异辛酯6％、硫化脂肪酸酯4％、磷酸酯1％、改性石墨烯0.4％、三丁基甲基铵双三氟甲磺酰亚胺盐0.4％、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚0.5％、苯并三氮唑衍生物0.1％、聚丙烯酸酯消泡剂0.1％以及T501 0.2％。
实施例3
本发明高电导率齿轮磨削油，由如下重量百分比的原料组分组成：PAO450％、70N38.08％、壬二酸二异辛酯6％、硫化脂肪酸酯4％、磷酸酯1％、杜邦Stadis 450 0.02％、油酸0.5％、苯并三氮唑衍生物0.1％、聚丙烯酸酯消泡剂0.1％以及T501 0.2％。
实施例4
本发明高电导率齿轮磨削油，由如下重量百分比的原料组分组成：PAO450％、70N37.68％、壬二酸二异辛酯6％、硫化脂肪酸酯4％、磷酸酯1％、改性石墨烯0.2％、三丁基甲基铵双三氟甲磺酰亚胺盐0.2％、杜邦Stadis 450 0.02％、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚0.5％、苯并三氮唑衍生物0.1％、聚丙烯酸酯消泡剂0.1％以及T501 0.2％。
对比实施例1
一种高电导率齿轮磨削油，由如下重量百分比的原料组分组成：PAO450％、70N38.6％、壬二酸二异辛酯6％、硫化脂肪酸酯4％、磷酸酯1％、苯并三氮唑衍生物0.1％、聚丙烯酸酯消泡剂0.1％以及T501 0.2％。
对比实施例2
一种高电导率齿轮磨削油，由如下重量百分比的原料组分组成：PAO450％、70N38.1％、壬二酸二异辛酯6％、硫化脂肪酸酯4％、磷酸酯1％、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚0.5％、苯并三氮唑衍生物0.1％、聚丙烯酸酯消泡剂0.1％以及T5010.2％。
对实施例1～4及对比例1～2的磨削油进行性能检测，检测结果如表1所示。
表1
Figure BDA0003284583190000031
通过实施例1～4可知，本发明选用的抗静电剂均能够有效的提升磨削油的电导率，其中实施例1～2以石墨烯与三丁基甲基铵双三氟甲磺酰亚胺盐组合物做为抗静电剂，实施例3以杜邦Stadis 450为抗静电剂，实施例4加入了三种抗静电剂，可以看出三种抗静电剂的复配对电导率的提升更为明显。对比例1和2可以看出，在不含抗静电剂的条件下，磨削油的电导率很低。对比例1和实施例1可以看出，使用石墨烯与三丁基甲基铵双三氟甲磺酰亚胺盐组合物做为抗静电剂不仅可以提升油品电导率，磨削油的PB值及抗磨性能均有提升，磨斑直径较对比例1明显减小，说明本发明磨削油在提升电导率的同时，润滑性能也有提升。对比例2和实施例3可以看出，杜邦Stadis 450仅能够提升电导率，对磨削油其他性能无影响。

Claims (4)

1.一种高电导率齿轮磨削油，其特征在于，由如下重量百分比的组分组成：基础油87~88.1%、合成酯6~7%、润滑添加剂4~5%、抗静电剂0.02~0.8%、表面活性剂0.3~0.5%、腐蚀抑制剂0.1~0.2%、抗氧剂0.2~0.3%以及消泡剂0.1~0.2%；所述抗静电剂为改性石墨烯与三丁基甲基铵双三氟甲磺酰亚胺盐的组合物；改性石墨烯、三丁基甲基铵双三氟甲磺酰亚胺盐及表面活性剂在纯油性磨削油中搭建了稳定的导电网络；所述基础油为40℃下运动粘度为5~30mm2/s的二类加氢矿物油、天然气合成油或聚α烯烃中的至少两种；所述润滑添加剂为硫化脂肪酸酯和磷酸酯的组合物；所述改性石墨烯采用如下方法制备而成：将石墨烯分散在石油醚中，加入石墨烯质量20~30%的表面改性剂油酸，油酸分子包含极性端和非极性端，极性端与石墨烯边缘接合后，再将溶剂通过蒸馏方法去除，得到改性后的石墨烯。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高电导率齿轮磨削油，其特征在于：所述合成酯为油酸甲酯或壬二酸二异辛酯。
3.根据权利要求1所述的高电导率齿轮磨削油，其特征在于：所述表面活性剂为脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪胺聚氧乙烯醚或油酸中的一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的高电导率齿轮磨削油，其特征在于：所述腐蚀抑制剂为苯并三氮唑衍生物或噻二唑衍生物。
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