CN113787021A - Wood detection and classification equipment - Google Patents
Wood detection and classification equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN113787021A CN113787021A CN202110897324.XA CN202110897324A CN113787021A CN 113787021 A CN113787021 A CN 113787021A CN 202110897324 A CN202110897324 A CN 202110897324A CN 113787021 A CN113787021 A CN 113787021A
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- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 24
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013441 quality evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000003464 asthenopia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012372 quality testing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
- B07C5/342—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour
- B07C5/3422—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour using video scanning devices, e.g. TV-cameras
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Abstract
The invention provides wood detection and classification equipment which sequentially comprises a feeding unit, a water content detection unit, a defect detection unit, a classification storage unit, a discharging unit and a control system for controlling the units from a feeding end to a discharging end; the water content detection unit is provided with a wood moisture tester; the defect detection unit is provided with two defect detectors and a first transmission assembly and a second transmission assembly which respectively penetrate through the two defect detectors; the classification storage unit is provided with a classification storage device which is provided with a plurality of storage discs which are distributed in a layered mode and used for storing different types of wood. According to the wood double-side detection device, the two transmission assemblies are arranged on the defect detection unit to perform double-side detection on the wood, so that the detection precision is improved, the wood is classified and preassembled through the classification storage device, full-automatic detection and classification of the wood are realized, the problem of missed detection and error detection caused by manual detection is solved, and the working efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to wood detection and classification equipment, and belongs to the technical field of wood grade classification.
Background
The production of the wood product is not separated from the raw material of the blank plate, different products need different types of blanks, some products have requirements on the water content of the blank plate, the products have requirements on the attractiveness of the blank plate and the like, and therefore the grading classification of the quality of the wood is an essential process. Traditional timber quality classification is accomplished by the people altogether, discerns quality problems such as ligneous wormhole, fracture and knot through artifical visual observation to and with some instruments auxiliary detection ligneous partial index, this method not only work efficiency is low, and the workman can produce visual fatigue after carrying out the naked eye observation for a long time, improves the emergence possibility of missing the wrong detection of examining, has certain influence to the classification degree of accuracy. Adopted quality testing equipment to replace artifical the detection in the part production, improved detection quality, nevertheless still need the manual work to transport the operation between each unit of timber detection and classification, the process is loaded down with trivial details, often can only expose outer upper surface to timber during the detection and scan, is difficult to carry out the detection of full aspect to timber.
Patent document CN201810751050.1 discloses a plate detecting, classifying and stacking device, which is provided with a transition roller table for receiving plates from a plate production line, a detecting roller table for receiving plates from the transition roller table and detecting the plates, and a classifying and stacking roller table group for receiving plates from the detecting roller table and classifying or stacking the plates, wherein the detecting, classifying and stacking assembly line operations of the plates are realized through the cooperation between the plurality of roller tables. Although manual operation in the plate classifying process is reduced to a certain extent and efficiency is improved, the classification of the equipment is realized by classifying the stacking roller table groups, each classifying stacking roller table group can only be classified once, when plates need to be classified in multiple grades, more classifying stacking roller table groups are required to be arranged in series, so that the occupied size of the equipment is increased, the structure is complex, cost is increased to a certain extent, the whole production line is greatly influenced when a single classifying stacking roller table group breaks down, the plates are transported linearly on the equipment, certain requirements are met on the length of a factory space, and the universality is low. On the other hand, when the board is transported on the equipment, only the exposed surface of the board can be subjected to quality detection, so that defective products can be easily generated in the qualified wood.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a wood detecting and classifying device which classifies wood through water content detection and quality detection, and then classifies and stores wood boards into different storage discs according to the classification of the wood boards, so that the detection and the classification of the wood are realized. The mechanism required by the classification processing of the invention has simple structure and small occupied space, can carry out various grading classification operations in limited space, has strong universality, can carry out double-sided detection on wood, and has higher detection precision.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a wood detection and classification device comprises a feeding unit, a water content detection unit, a defect detection unit, a classification storage unit, a discharging unit and a control system for controlling the units in sequence from a feeding end to a discharging end; the water content detection unit is provided with a wood moisture tester; the defect detection unit is provided with two defect detectors and a first transmission assembly and a second transmission assembly which respectively penetrate through the two defect detectors; the sorting and storing unit comprises a sorting and storing device, the sorting and storing device is provided with a plurality of storing disks which are distributed in a layered mode and used for storing different kinds of wood, and each storing disk is provided with a stock driving assembly.
The detection unit of this equipment contains two places, and one department is used for detecting timber water content to divide into different grades with timber according to the height of water content, and another department is used for detecting the index and whether has surface defect etc. for timber, and judges whether the quality of timber is qualified, and wherein first drive assembly and second drive assembly make timber pass defect detector twice, thereby the positive and negative of timber all detects. The timber that passes through behind above-mentioned detecting element detection enters into the memory cell, and the categorised storage device of memory cell is piled up by a plurality of memory disks and forms, leaves the space so that deposit timber between every two adjacent memory disks, is equipped with business turn over material drive assembly on the memory disk, and more specifically, the memory disk can constitute by the belt conveyor, and when timber reachd the memory disk, the belt conveyor transports the timber and accomodates to the memory disk, and when timber was deposited fully, the belt conveyor transported timber out. Furthermore, the discharge end of the storage disk is provided with a limiting piece, when the storage disk is not fully stored, the limiting piece limits the wood to be transmitted out, and when the storage disk is fully stored, the limiting piece returns to enable the wood to be smoothly moved out. Furthermore, the storage disk can be additionally provided with an acousto-optic warning device which can give out an acousto-optic signal warning when a certain storage disk is full.
Furthermore, each unit is provided with a conveying mechanism, and the conveying mechanisms of the adjacent units are mutually connected.
Furthermore, the conveying mechanisms of the feeding unit, the defect detecting unit, the classifying and storing unit and the discharging unit are all belt conveyors, and the conveying mechanism of the water content detecting unit is a pushing piece moving along a transmission guide rail. The whole device transfers the wood from the inlet to the outlet through a belt conveyor, and due to the structural factor of the water content detection device, the belt conveyor is arranged to influence the detection, so that the wood is transferred through a pushing piece, and the pushing piece can slide along a transmission guide rail, so that the detected wood is pushed to a second transmission assembly.
Furthermore, a storage cavity for storing wood is reserved between two storage disks which are adjacent up and down of the sorting and storing device.
Further, the sorting storage device comprises a height adjusting mechanism for adjusting the positions of different storage disks.
The space positions of the storage disks of the classifying and storing device are adjusted through the height adjusting mechanism, so that the storage disks and the wood are in one-to-one correspondence, by taking one implementation mode as an example, the wood is divided into a qualified product storage disk and an unqualified product storage disk, when the qualified wood is transferred to the classifying and storing device through a belt, the height adjusting mechanism adjusts the positions of the qualified product storage disks to be aligned with the wood on the belt, the storage and the storage of the wood are completed, and similarly, when the wood is unqualified, the positions of the unqualified product storage disks are adjusted to store and store the wood.
Furthermore, the first transmission assembly and the second transmission assembly are arranged side by side, and the transmission directions of the first transmission assembly and the second transmission assembly are opposite.
The first transmission assembly and the second transmission assembly enable the wood to pass through the defect detector twice, when the wood enters the defect detector for the first time, the defect detector detects the exposed upper surface (marked as the front surface) of the wood, then the wood leaves the defect detector, the wood is transferred from the first transmission assembly to the second transmission assembly and turned over, the original lower surface (marked as the back surface) of the wood is exposed, and then the wood enters the defect detector again along with the second transmission assembly to detect the back surface.
Furthermore, the starting end of the first transmission component along the movement direction is connected with the water content detection unit, and the tail end of the second transmission component along the movement direction is connected with the classification storage unit.
Furthermore, a turning clamping jaw is arranged between the tail end of the first transmission assembly in the movement direction and the starting end of the second transmission assembly in the movement direction, and comprises a clamping part which is arranged at one end and used for clamping the wood board and a rotating shaft which is arranged at the other end.
The wood is transferred from the first transmission assembly to the second transmission assembly in two steps, one is space position transfer, the other is wood front and back reversal, this step can be carried out manually, but, in order to achieve full automation, can be carried out by means of a reversing jaw, the turnover clamping jaw comprises a clamping part which is positioned at one end and used for clamping the wood board and a rotating shaft which is positioned at the other end, the non-clamping end of the clamping jaw is fixed between the first transferring component and the second transferring component through the rotating shaft, when the rotating shaft rotates to enable the turnover clamping jaw to point to the first transferring component, can clamp the wood with the front defect detection from the first transfer component, then the rotating shaft enables the overturning clamping jaws to point to the second transfer component through rotation, and the timber is placed on the second transfer assembly, whereupon, due to the rotating action, the timber is turned upside down so that the reverse side is facing upwards.
Furthermore, the classification storage unit also comprises a classification turnover device.
The device can accomodate the storage before the memory disc at timber and carry out the turn-over operation to timber, makes all timber one side directions of being of high quality unanimous, and the subsequent flow such as accept of being convenient for is specific, when timber high quality face up, carries out the turn-over, when timber low quality face up, carries out the turn-over, makes high quality face all up, or on the contrary with the aforesaid, makes low quality face all up.
According to the device provided by the invention, the following method for detecting and classifying the wood comprises the following steps:
s 1: the wood is conveyed to the water content detection unit through the feeding unit, the water content of the wood is measured through a wood moisture meter of the water content detection unit, and the control system marks the wood into categories such as A, B or C according to the numerical value of the water content;
s 2: the wood with the water content measured firstly enters a defect detector through a first transmission assembly, the upward front side of the wood is subjected to quality evaluation by the defect detector, and the evaluation score is recorded as a;
s 3: after the wood with the front side detected reaches the tail end of the first transmission assembly, the wood is turned over by the transferring and turning device and is placed on the second transmission mechanism, the wood enters the defect detector through the second transmission assembly, the quality of the upward back side of the wood is evaluated by the defect detector, and the evaluation score is recorded as b;
s 4: the wood with the detected front and back sides enters a classification turning device of a classification storage unit, the control system judges a and b at the moment, if b is larger than a, the classification turning device does not perform turning operation, and if a is larger than b, the classification turning device performs turning operation;
s 5: the wood processed by the classification turnover device enters a classification storage device, the classification storage device comprises a plurality of storage disks, one storage disk is a unqualified product storage disk, other storage disks correspond to the types of A, B or C, and the like, the control system stores the wood of different types into the corresponding storage disk according to the classification of the wood in s1, and meanwhile, if at least one of the quality evaluation scores a and B of the wood is lower than the qualified score, the control system stores the wood into the unqualified product storage disk;
s 6: when a certain storage disc is full, the storage disc transfers the wood to the discharging unit by using the transmission assembly to wait for transferring to the corresponding stacking area.
The classification in the above step s1 can be manually set, for example, in one embodiment, the moisture content is set to 10% and 15% as two thresholds, the wood is labeled as class a when the moisture content is less than 10%, the wood is labeled as class B when the moisture content is between 10% and 15%, and the wood is labeled as class C when the moisture content is greater than 15%. Also, by setting more thresholds and intervals, the wood can be classified into more kinds. In another embodiment, the quality assessment in the steps s2 and s3 can be realized by a video detector, a visual sensor of the video detector reads the surface information of the wood, analyzes the surface quality problems of wormholes, cracks, nodules and the like, determines whether the length and width dimensions of the wood are in compliance, carries out weighting scoring according to various detection indexes, and finally obtains the quality score of the detection surface, wherein the specific scoring mode can be adjusted according to production needs. Because non-contact detection is adopted in the wood detection process, when the wood passes through the video detector, only single-side detection can be carried out on the upper exposed part and the upper surface of the visual sensor, and therefore two detection steps of s2 and s3 are arranged, and double-side detection is carried out on the wood.
In summary, the following beneficial effects can be obtained by applying the invention:
1. the invention adopts full-automatic equipment to carry out assembly line operation, and the feeding, water content detection, defect detection, classification and discharging of the wood are completed by electronic equipment, thereby reducing the labor cost, improving the processing efficiency of the product and having economical efficiency.
2. The defect detector is adopted to replace manual visual inspection, and the manual visual inspection not only needs labor cost, but also has the problems of visual fatigue and the like, and influences the quality and the efficiency of quality inspection. In addition, when the defect detection is carried out, the first transmission assembly and the second transmission assembly are arranged, and the front and the back of the wood are oppositely arranged on the first transmission assembly and the second transmission assembly, so that the visual sensor can capture the two sides of the wood, the quality detection effect is improved, and the accuracy of the quality detection result is ensured.
3. Before the wood is classified and stored, the wood passes through a classification turnover device, so that the side with high quality of all the wood faces upwards or downwards, and the wood is convenient to accept and evaluate.
4. The invention classifies the wood by a classification storage device formed by stacking a plurality of storage disks, specifically, each storage disk represents a wood class, when the wood of a certain class reaches the classification storage device, the device drives the corresponding storage disk to align the wood and store the wood. The invention greatly improves the space utilization efficiency through the stacked classified storage, realizes the classification in the limited space as much as possible, and has simple structure and practical value.
Drawings
The following are related drawings of embodiments of the invention:
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a transfer turn-over apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a classified storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure, 1-a feeding unit, 2-a water content detection unit, 3-a defect detection unit, 4-a sorting storage unit, 5-a discharging unit, 6-a sorting turn-over device, 21-a pushing part, 22-a transmission guide rail, 31-a first transfer assembly, 32-a second transfer assembly, 33-a defect detector, 34-a turning clamping jaw, 41-a storage disc, 341-a clamping part, 342-a rotating shaft and 343-a turning clamping jaw sensor.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
As shown in FIGS. 1-3, the wood detecting and classifying device sequentially comprises a feeding unit 1, a water content detecting unit 2, a defect detecting unit 3, a classifying and storing unit 4, a discharging unit 5 and a control system for controlling the units from a feeding end to a discharging end. The feeding unit main part comprises belt conveyor, and belt conveyor's direction of transfer is towards water content detecting element, and when timber was placed on feeding unit, timber can convey to water content detecting element, and specifically, the feeding mode can be through manual feeding, also can be through arm automatic feed. When timber arrived water content detecting element, timber's left end can support the setting and set up the impeller 21 at water content detecting element department, when timber accomplished water content detection, the impeller 21 slided right on transmission guide rail 22, promoted timber to first drive assembly 31 on to make timber enter into defect detecting element 3. The defect detection unit consists of four parts, including a first transmission assembly 31, a second transmission assembly 32, a defect detector 33 and a turnover clamping jaw 34, wherein the first transmission assembly and the second transmission assembly are both composed of belt conveyors, after wood enters the defect detection unit 3, the wood firstly enters the defect detector 33 along with the first transmission assembly 31, the front surface of the wood is scanned, and therefore the product quality of the front surface of the wood is judged, and then the wood reaches the tail end of the first transmission assembly 31. In order to facilitate the arrangement of the turnover clamping jaws, the tail end of the first transmission component 31 and the starting end of the second transmission component 32 are provided with a track structure which is separated from the first transmission component and the second transmission component and is provided with a roller, an opening perpendicular to the track direction is formed in the middle of the track structure to accommodate two clamping parts of the turnover clamping jaws, the tail end of the track structure corresponding to the first transmission component is provided with a turnover clamping jaw sensor 343, when wood is conveyed to the tail end of the first transmission component by the first transmission component, the right end of the wood can abut against the turnover clamping jaw sensor 343, the turnover clamping jaws are controlled by the turnover clamping jaw sensor after the turnover clamping jaw sensor receives signals, the clamping parts 341 of the turnover clamping jaws clamp the wood, then the wood is turned over and transferred to the reverse side of the second transmission component 32 through the rotating shaft 342, and the wood faces upwards at the moment. After the wood reaches the second transmission assembly 32, the overturning clamping jaws are loosened and return to the state facing the first transmission assembly 31, the wood enters the defect detector 33 again along with the second transmission assembly 32, and the quality judgment is carried out on the reverse side. After the quality judgment of the front side and the back side of the wood is finished, the wood is conveyed to the tail end of the second transmission assembly 32 and enters the classification turnover device 6, after the judgment of turnover or non-turnover is carried out, the high-quality side of the wood is uniformly upward, then the wood is transferred to the classification storage unit 4 and is loaded into different storage disks 41 of the classification storage device 4, when one storage disk 41 is filled, the storage disk conveys a group of wood to the discharge unit 5 through a conveying belt on the storage disk, and the wood is waited to be transferred to other positions by manpower or a mechanical arm.
Specifically, the classification evaluation method is as follows:
s 1: conveying the wood to a water content detection unit through a feeding unit, measuring the water content of the wood through a wood moisture meter of the water content detection unit, and marking the wood as A type, B type or C type by a control system according to the numerical value of the water content, wherein the wood is marked as A type when the water content is lower than 10%, the wood is marked as B type when the water content is 10% -15%, and the wood is marked as C type when the water content is higher than 15%;
s 2: the wood with the water content measured firstly enters a defect detector through a first transmission assembly, the upward front side of the wood is subjected to quality evaluation by the defect detector, and the evaluation score is recorded as a;
s 3: after the wood with the front side reaches the tail end of the first transmission assembly, the wood is turned over by the transferring and turning device and placed on the second transmission assembly, the wood enters the defect detector through the second transmission assembly, the quality of the upward back side of the wood is evaluated by the defect detector, and the evaluation score is recorded as b;
s 4: the wood with the detected front and back sides enters a classification turning device between the second transmission assembly and the classification storage unit, the control system judges a and b at the moment, if b is larger than a, the classification turning device does not perform turning operation, and if a is larger than b, the classification turning device performs turning operation or the reverse operation is performed;
s 5: the wood processed by the classification turnover device enters a classification storage device, the classification storage device comprises four storage disks, one storage disk is a defective product storage disk, the other storage disks correspond to A, B or C types respectively, the control system stores the wood of different types into the corresponding storage disks according to the classification of the wood in s1, and meanwhile, if at least one of the quality evaluation scores a and B of the wood is lower than the qualified score, the control system stores the wood into the defective product storage disk;
s 6: when a certain storage disc is full, the storage disc transfers the wood to the discharging unit by using the transmission assembly to wait for transferring to the corresponding stacking area.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The wood detection and classification equipment is characterized by comprising a feeding unit (1), a water content detection unit (2), a defect detection unit (3), a classification storage unit (4), a discharging unit (5) and a control system for controlling the units in sequence from a feeding end to a discharging end; the moisture content detection unit is provided with a wood moisture tester, and the moisture tester is used for detecting the moisture content of the wood and transmitting moisture content information to the control system; the defect detection unit (3) is provided with two defect detectors (33) and a first transmission assembly (31) and a second transmission assembly (32) which respectively penetrate through the two defect detectors; the sorting and storing unit (4) is provided with a sorting and storing device which is provided with a plurality of storing discs (41) which are distributed in a layered mode and used for storing different types of wood.
2. The wood detecting and classifying device according to claim 1, wherein the feeding unit (1), the moisture content detecting unit (2), the defect detecting unit (3), the classifying and storing unit (4) and the discharging unit (5) are provided with conveying mechanisms, and the conveying mechanisms are sequentially connected to form a conveying passage.
3. The wood detecting and classifying device according to claim 2, wherein the conveying mechanisms of the feeding unit (1), the defect detecting unit (3), the classifying and storing unit (4) and the discharging unit (5) are belt conveyors, and the conveying mechanism of the moisture content detecting unit (3) comprises a transmission guide rail (22) and a pushing member (21) moving along the transmission guide rail (22).
4. The wood detecting and sorting device of claim 1, wherein a storage cavity for storing the wood is reserved between two storage disks (41) which are adjacent to each other above and below the sorting and storing device.
5. A wood sorting device according to claim 3, characterised in that the sorting and storing device is provided with height adjustment means for adjusting the height position of the storage discs (41).
6. The wood detecting and sorting device of claim 1, wherein the first transmission assembly (31) and the second transmission assembly (32) are arranged side by side, and the transmission directions of the first transmission assembly (31) and the second transmission assembly (32) are opposite.
7. A wood detecting and sorting device according to claim 6, wherein the first transmission member is connected to the moisture content detecting unit (2) at the beginning in the moving direction, the second transmission member is connected to the sorting storage unit (4) at the end in the moving direction, and a turning mechanism is provided between the end in the moving direction of the first transmission member (31) and the beginning in the moving direction of the second transmission member (32), and the turning mechanism is used for turning and transferring the wood from the first transmission member (31) to the second transmission member.
8. A wood detecting and sorting device according to claim 7, characterised in that the turning mechanism is a turning jaw (34) having a gripping portion (341) for gripping a wood board and a rotating shaft (342) for providing a rotating movement.
9. The wood detecting and sorting device of claim 7, wherein a sorting and turning device (6) capable of turning the wood is further arranged between the second transmission assembly (32) and the sorting and storing unit (4).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110897324.XA CN113787021A (en) | 2021-08-05 | 2021-08-05 | Wood detection and classification equipment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110897324.XA CN113787021A (en) | 2021-08-05 | 2021-08-05 | Wood detection and classification equipment |
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| CN113787021A true CN113787021A (en) | 2021-12-14 |
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Application publication date: 20211214 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |