CN113775309B - Core sampling and operating device of deep sea carrier - Google Patents
Core sampling and operating device of deep sea carrier Download PDFInfo
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- CN113775309B CN113775309B CN202111120483.5A CN202111120483A CN113775309B CN 113775309 B CN113775309 B CN 113775309B CN 202111120483 A CN202111120483 A CN 202111120483A CN 113775309 B CN113775309 B CN 113775309B
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 436
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
- E21B25/18—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors the core receiver being specially adapted for operation under water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/02—Core bits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
- E21B10/48—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of core type
- E21B10/485—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of core type with inserts in form of chisels, blades or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
- E21B25/08—Coating, freezing, consolidating cores; Recovering uncontaminated cores or cores at formation pressure
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of deep sea core sampling, in particular to a core sampling and operating device of a deep sea carrier. The deep sea normal position core module includes the shaft coupling, the outer axle of drill bit, the temperature and pressure sensor, gets the core drill bit, get core pipe and overflow valve, and the top of the outer axle of drill bit is passed through the shaft coupling and is connected with the manipulator of deep sea carrier, and the outer bottom mounting of the outer axle of drill bit has the core drill bit, is equipped with the core pipe in the outer axle of drill bit, and the outer upper portion of the outer axle of drill bit is equipped with one-way overflow valve, is equipped with the stay wire formula in the outer axle of drill bit and gets core length inductive transducer, is equipped with the superficial piece formula in the core pipe and gets core length inductive transducer, is equipped with the temperature and pressure sensor in the core drill bit. The high-efficiency drilling of the drill bit, the in-situ storage and testing of the rock core and the rapid transfer are realized for the indoor geotechnical test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of deep sea core sampling, in particular to a core sampling and operating device of a deep sea carrier.
Background
The sequence information of deep sea covers the morphological characteristics of a deep sea core section, and is an important information carrier for researching deep sea rock components, mineral resources, earth science history, space environment, crustal activities and the like. Because the rock contains rich important information of geological evolution, the acquisition of rock samples is one of the important targets of deep sea exploration tasks. In existing deep sea sampling techniques, drilling sampling remains an effective way to obtain rock samples. In the aspect of deep-sea geoscience research, plans such as deep-sea drilling (DSDP), ocean Drilling (ODP) and Integrated Ocean Drilling (IODP) are developed continuously and globally, the theory of plate structures is verified, but the research on deep-sea and atmospheric deep evolution, seabed biosphere distribution rule and the like is weak, and a sample of a typical region is urgently required to be obtained to develop fine verification drilling research.
To achieve fine core sampling, carrier-based core sampling techniques have evolved rapidly. At present, research and application development work of a large number of carrier core sampling drilling machines is carried out abroad. The American Alvin number completes the development work of an HSTR core sampling drilling machine and successfully drills sulfide core samples; the MBARI research institute successfully develops a 4000 m-grade MCS sampler, can realize four-tube sampling, and successfully obtains a sample of bare bedrock on Juan de Fuca seabed. Phoenix International developed a set of corers which can be carried on a Nereus II ROV, wherein the coring length can reach 1.5m, and the coring operation water depth is 2400m; the U.S. Harbor Branch Marine research institute completed the study of a 7000m grade Harbor Branch corer and carried on a Magellan ROV to complete multiple offshore trials. In order to accurately obtain the engineering property of the soil body of an exploration place, a method of in-situ testing, indoor geotechnical testing after sampling or a method of combining the in-situ testing and the indoor geotechnical testing is generally adopted, the problem of deep sea fine core sampling based on a carrier is solved to a certain extent in the prior art, but the problems of efficient coring, in-situ sequence information storage testing and indoor geotechnical testing by marine quick lossless transfer and the like required by core sampling are not related and need to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a core sampling and operating device of a deep sea carrier, which realizes efficient drilling of a drill bit, in-situ storage and testing of a core and rapid transfer for indoor geotechnical tests.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a core sampling operation device of a deep sea carrier comprises a deep sea in-situ coring module and a core storage and transportation module;
the deep sea in-situ coring module comprises a coupler, a drill bit outer shaft, a temperature and pressure sensor, a coring drill bit, a coring pipe and an overflow valve, wherein the top end of the drill bit outer shaft is connected with a manipulator of a deep sea carrier through the coupler;
the core-taking drill bit comprises a main cutting blade, an auxiliary cutting blade, a drilling positioning ring, chip grooves and a drill bit base body, wherein the top end of the drill bit base body is fixedly connected with an outer drill bit shaft, a core-taking hole is formed in the center of the drill bit base body and is communicated with a core-taking pipe, the drilling positioning ring is arranged in the middle of the bottom end surface of the drill bit base body and along the annular edge of the core-taking hole, a plurality of groups of cutting blades are arranged on the bottom surface of the drill bit base body outside the drilling positioning ring at intervals, each group of cutting blades comprises one main cutting blade and one auxiliary cutting blade, the main cutting blade is arranged along the annular direction of the drill bit base body, the auxiliary cutting blades are arranged along the radial direction of the drill bit base body, a plurality of chip grooves are arranged on the annular side surface of the drill bit base body at intervals, and the chip grooves are correspondingly arranged between the main cutting blade and the auxiliary cutting blade of each group of cutting blades;
the main cutting blade comprises a main cutting blade main cutting surface, a main cutting blade auxiliary cutting surface, a main cutting blade front surface, a main cutting blade rear surface, a main cutting blade front side wall and a main cutting blade inner side wall, the top surface of the main cutting blade is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the drill base body, the bottom surface of the main cutting blade consists of the main cutting blade main cutting surface and the main cutting blade auxiliary cutting surface, the main cutting blade main cutting surface is positioned on the outer side of the main cutting blade auxiliary cutting surface, the main cutting blade main cutting surface and the main cutting blade auxiliary cutting surface are intersected at the main cutting blade main cutting edge, the main cutting blade main cutting edge is arranged along the annular shape of the drill base body, the front end surface of the main cutting blade consists of the main cutting blade front surface and the main cutting blade front side wall, the main cutting blade front face, the main cutting blade main cutting face and the main cutting blade auxiliary cutting face are intersected at the tool nose of the main cutting blade, the rear end face of the main cutting blade is a main cutting blade rear face, the main cutting blade front face extends to the main cutting blade rear face through a cutting edge transition area and the main cutting blade auxiliary cutting face, the main cutting blade front face is fixedly connected with the drill base body through a main cutting blade front side wall, the main cutting blade main cutting face is fixedly connected with the drill base body through a main cutting blade outer side wall, the main cutting blade auxiliary cutting face is fixedly connected with the drill base body through a main cutting blade inner side wall, and the main cutting blade main cutting face and the main cutting blade auxiliary cutting face are obliquely arranged from high to low along the direction from the main cutting blade front face to the main cutting blade rear face;
the auxiliary cutting blade comprises an auxiliary cutting blade auxiliary cutting surface and an auxiliary cutting blade main cutting surface, the auxiliary cutting blade auxiliary cutting surface and the auxiliary cutting blade main cutting surface are intersected at an auxiliary cutting blade main cutting edge, the auxiliary cutting blade main cutting edge is arranged along the radial direction of the drill base body, the auxiliary cutting blade main cutting edge and the main cutting blade main cutting edge are vertically arranged, the auxiliary cutting blade is provided with an auxiliary cutting blade rear face towards the drill core direction, the auxiliary cutting blade auxiliary cutting surface, the auxiliary cutting blade main cutting surface and the auxiliary cutting blade rear face are intersected at the tool tip of the auxiliary cutting blade, one side of the auxiliary cutting blade, which faces the annular edge of the drill base body, is provided with an auxiliary cutting blade front face, the auxiliary cutting blade is arranged in a conical shape, the height of the auxiliary cutting blade main cutting edge is higher than that of other parts, the auxiliary cutting blade auxiliary cutting surface is arranged in an inclined mode, and the inclined direction of the auxiliary cutting surface of the auxiliary cutting blade is the same as the inclined direction of the main cutting surface of the auxiliary cutting blade;
the chip groove comprises a chip groove left chip removal wall and a chip groove right chip removal wall, the chip groove left chip removal wall and the chip groove right chip removal wall are intersected, a groove with a triangular cross section is formed by the chip groove left chip removal wall and the chip groove right chip removal wall, a chip groove upper side wall is arranged above the chip groove left chip removal wall and the chip groove right chip removal wall respectively, the chip groove upper side wall is connected with the chip groove left chip removal wall and the chip groove right chip removal wall in a fold line shape respectively, chip groove lower side walls are arranged below the chip groove left chip removal wall and the chip groove right chip removal wall respectively, and the chip groove lower side walls are connected with the chip groove left chip removal wall and the chip groove right chip removal wall in a fold line shape respectively;
the drilling positioning ring comprises a positioning annular wall, one end of the positioning annular wall is fixedly connected with the drill bit base body, and the other end of the positioning annular wall is provided with a positioning ring tip;
the operation module is preserved including transporting protecting sheathing, save bucket, end cover, cutting ferrule formula external thread joint, one-way pressure ball valve, two outer tooth joint, transports protecting sheathing and is equipped with the interval and sets up the several and preserve the bucket, and the rock core sample leaves in preserving the bucket, and every top of preserving the bucket is equipped with end cover, is equipped with the sealing washer between end cover and the save bucket, and cutting ferrule formula external thread joint, one-way pressure ball valve, two outer tooth joint constitute the UNICOM and connect, and the nitrogen gas source is connected the injection through the UNICOM and is preserved in the bucket.
In the invention, preferably, the tool points on the main cutting blades are annularly arranged along the drill core, the height of the tool points of the main cutting blades is 3mm, the thickness of the main cutting blades is 0.1-0.2 times of the diameter of the drill, the annular length of the main cutting blades is 0.3 times of the diameter of the drill, the bypass angle of the main cutting blades is 5-8 degrees, and the negative rake angle of the main cutting blades is 15-18 degrees.
The tool points of the secondary cutting blade are annularly distributed along the drill core, the height of the tool points of the secondary cutting blade is 1.8mm, the main cutting surface of the secondary cutting blade is radially arranged along the drill bit base body, the radial dimension of the main cutting surface along the drill bit base body is 10mm, the annular dimension of the secondary cutting blade along the drill bit is 0.15 time of the diameter of the drill bit, the bypass angle of the secondary cutting blade is 5-8 degrees, and the negative rake angle of the secondary cutting blade is 15-18 degrees.
The maximum width of the chip groove is 0.2-0.25 times of the diameter of the drill bit.
The height of the drilling positioning ring is 2mm, and the thickness of the drilling positioning ring is 1mm.
The bottom surface of the drill bit base body adopts four annular configurations and sequentially comprises a cutting ring, a chip breaking ring, a positioning ring outer wall and a positioning ring inner wall from outside to inside, the tool points of a plurality of main cutting blades form the cutting ring, the tool points of a plurality of auxiliary cutting blades form the chip breaking ring, and the drilling positioning ring comprises a positioning ring outer wall and a positioning ring inner wall.
The coring pipe is made of water-lubricated polyester fibers, so that the rock can be ensured to always keep sequence information in the coring process.
The main cutting blade and the auxiliary cutting blade adopt the combination of two processes of welding PDC composite sheets and low-temperature electroforming solid diamond inlaying, wherein the main cutting surfaces of the main cutting blade and the auxiliary cutting blade adopt the coating design of micro-powder solid diamond inlaying, so that the cutting blade has self-sharpening capability and a sharp edge; the secondary cutting surfaces of the main cutting blade and the secondary cutting blade adopt a PDC alloy composite coating design, and have high strength and heat resistance.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The drill bit adopts inner and outer double-row distributed discrete cutting edges, the main cutting blade and the auxiliary cutting blade adopt high-strength hard alloy as substrates, diamond particles are embedded on the surfaces of the main cutting blade and the auxiliary cutting blade, meanwhile, the cutting edge adopts a tip vertical edge structure, and a tool tip of the cutting edge firstly rips rocks in a point contact mode, so that the drill bit can be centered quickly, the drilling stability is kept, and the coring efficiency is greatly improved;
(2) In consideration of the large pressure difference flushing effect of deep sea water, in order to ensure the integrity of coring and the convenience of laboratory measurement, a water lubrication sample tube is designed in a drilling tool, so that rock is ensured to always keep sequence information in the coring process, meanwhile, a floating type length induction sensor is arranged in the coring tube, the coring length can be calculated in real time, and after coring is completed, a rock core sample can be rapidly transported by only manually unscrewing a drill bit and a conversion head, so that lossless storage is realized;
(3) After coring is finished and the core is returned to the deck, the sampling tube can be rapidly disassembled and integrally loaded into the core storage operation module, and nitrogen is filled into the cylinder, so that an isolated space is formed, the core is protected to the greatest extent, in-situ storage of deep sea core sequence information and rapid offshore nondestructive transfer are finally realized, the physicochemical in-situ state of a deep sea rock sample is ensured to the greatest extent, and the sampling tube can be used for storing the rock sample obtained from deep sea in the ocean scientific investigation process and protecting the rock sample from subsequent operation to a laboratory;
(4) The device covers core sampling, in-situ storage, offshore rapid nondestructive transfer, laboratory test and application of a full chain, a deep sea carrier is used as a carrier medium, the target point of a core drilling machine is accurately determined, the drill point is confirmed through a video system or manpower, a submersible sits on the bottom and adopts a seven-function closed-loop precision control manipulator to operate the drilling machine, the self weight of the carrier and a propeller provide drilling pressure of not less than 400N, and the drilling machine is driven to rotate by means of high-power energy of the submersible so as to complete core drilling.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an in situ coring module;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a deep sea in situ coring module;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a first configuration of a drill bit;
FIG. 4 is a partial enlarged view of the primary cutting insert;
FIG. 5 is a second schematic view of the drill bit;
FIG. 6 is a front view of the drill bit;
FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of the drill bit;
FIG. 8 is a schematic front view of a core holding and transporting module;
fig. 9 is a front view of the carrier.
In the figure: 1, a deep sea in-situ coring module; 2, a core storage operation module; 3, a coupler; 4, a drill bit outer shaft; 5, a pull-wire type coring length induction sensor; 6 floating slice type coring length induction sensor; 7, a temperature and pressure sensor; 8, a core bit; 9, taking a core tube; 10 overflow valves; 11 a primary cutting insert; 12 pairs of cutting inserts; 13 drilling a positioning ring; 14 chip grooves; 15 a drill bit substrate; 16 primary cutting insert flank surfaces; 17 primary cutting insert secondary cutting surfaces; 18 a primary cutting blade primary cutting face; 19 primary cutting insert rake surface; 20 a primary cutting insert forward sidewall; 21 a primary cutting insert inner side wall; 22 a cutting edge transition region; 23 secondary cutting surfaces of the secondary cutting blade; 24 secondary cutting insert rake surfaces; 25 minor cutting insert major cutting faces; 26 upper side walls of the chip grooves; 27 left chip removal wall of chip removal groove; 28 right chip removal wall of the chip removal groove; 29 lower side walls of the chip grooves; 30 pairs of cutting insert relief surfaces; 31 locating the ring tip; 32 positioning the annular wall; 33 fastening screw threads; 34 primary cutting insert tips; 35 a cutting ring; 36 a chip breaking ring; 37 locating the ring outer wall; 38 locating the inner wall of the ring; 39 transporting a protective sheath; 40, storing the barrel; 41 a seal ring; 42 sealing the end cap; 43 a ferrule type male connection; 44 one-way pressure ball valves; 45 double external tooth joints; 46 core samples.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanying figures are described in detail below.
In the following description, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The invention can be embodied in many different forms than those described herein and those skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention is susceptible to similar forms of embodiment without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
The deep sea carrier rock core sampling and operating device comprises a deep sea in-situ coring module 1 and a rock core storing and transporting module 2, wherein a rock core sample obtained by drilling through the deep sea in-situ coring module 1 is conveyed to the rock core storing and transporting module 2, and the rock core sample is stored without damage and transported to a laboratory through the rock core storing and transporting module 2.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the deep sea in-situ coring module 1 includes a coupling 3, a drill bit outer shaft 4, a temperature and pressure sensor 7, a coring drill bit 8, a coring pipe 9 and an overflow valve 10, the top end of the drill bit outer shaft 4 is connected with a manipulator of a deep sea carrier through the coupling 3, the bottom end of the drill bit outer shaft 4 is fixed with the coring drill bit 8, the coring pipe 9 is arranged in the drill bit outer shaft 4, a core sample obtained by drilling through the deep sea in-situ coring module enters the coring pipe 9, the coring pipe 9 in the embodiment is made of water-lubricated polyester fiber, and therefore, the rock is ensured to always maintain sequence information in the coring process. The upper portion of the outer axle 4 of drill bit is equipped with overflow valve 10, and overflow valve 10 is the one-way design, and the sea water can only follow the inside flow direction of the outer axle of drill bit to the outside of the outer axle of drill bit promptly, and when in the sample process, liquid in the outer axle 4 of drill bit was extruded and is leaded to the intraductal pressure increase, and the accessible overflow valve 10 carries out the pressure release, guarantees to get the validity of coring. Be equipped with the stay-supported in the outer axle 4 of drill bit and get core length induction sensor 5, get to be equipped with in the core pipe 9 and float the piece formula and get core length induction sensor 6, float the piece formula and get core length induction sensor 6 and be used for getting the real-time supervision of core length, get core length induction sensor 5 and float the piece formula through the stay-supported and get and mutually support between the core length induction sensor 6, through the method of resistance response feedback, detect the length value that voltage signal inversion calculated the core. Be equipped with warm pressure sensor 7 in the coring bit 8, through warm pressure sensor 7, detect deep sea water temperature and water pressure in the drilling tool, realize multi-parameter scientific measurement.
As shown in fig. 3 to 7, the core bit 8 includes a primary cutting blade 11, a secondary cutting blade 12, a drilling positioning ring 13, a chip groove 14, and a bit base 15, the top end of the bit base 15 is fixedly connected with the bit outer shaft 4 through a fastening thread 33, and a core hole is formed in the center of the bit base 15 and is communicated with the core tube 9. The middle part of the bottom end surface of the drill bit base body 15 is provided with a drilling positioning ring 13 along the annular edge of the coring hole, a plurality of groups of cutting blades are arranged on the bottom surface of the drill bit base body outside the drilling positioning ring 13 at intervals, each group of cutting blades comprises a main cutting blade 11 and an auxiliary cutting blade 12, the main cutting blade 11 is arranged along the annular direction of the drill bit base body 15, and the auxiliary cutting blades are arranged along the radial direction of the drill bit base body 15, namely, the main cutting blade 11 and the auxiliary cutting blade 15 are vertically arranged. A plurality of chip grooves 14 are arranged on the annular side surface of the drill bit base body 15 at intervals, and the chip grooves 14 are correspondingly arranged between the main cutting blade 11 and the auxiliary cutting blade 12 of each group of cutting blades.
The main cutting blade 11 comprises a main cutting blade main cutting surface 18, a main cutting blade secondary cutting surface 17, a main cutting blade front surface 19, a main cutting blade rear surface 16, a main cutting blade front side wall 20 and a main cutting blade inner side wall 21, the top surface of the main cutting blade 11 is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the drill base 15, the bottom surface of the main cutting blade 11 is composed of the main cutting blade main cutting surface 18 and the main cutting blade secondary cutting surface 17, the main cutting blade main cutting surface 18 is positioned on the outer side of the main cutting blade secondary cutting surface 17, the main cutting blade main cutting surface 18 and the main cutting blade secondary cutting surface 17 are intersected with the main cutting blade main cutting edge, and the main cutting blade main cutting edge is arranged along the ring shape of the drill base. The front end surface of the primary cutting insert 11 is comprised of a primary cutting insert rake surface 19 and a primary cutting insert front side wall 20, wherein the primary cutting insert rake surface 19 intersects both the primary cutting insert primary cutting surface 18 and the primary cutting insert secondary cutting surface 17 at the same time, with the intersection being the nose of the primary cutting insert. The rear end face of the main cutting blade 11 is a main cutting blade rear face 16, a main cutting blade front face 19 extends to the main cutting blade rear face 16 through a cutting edge transition area 22 and a main cutting blade auxiliary cutting face 17, multi-edge cutting is achieved through the cutting edge transition area 22, and drilling machining efficiency is improved. The primary cutting insert rake surface 19 is fixedly connected to the drill base body 15 by means of a primary cutting insert front side wall 20. The main cutting blade main cutting surfaces 18 are fixedly connected with the drill base body 15 through the main cutting blade outer side walls, and the main cutting blade secondary cutting surfaces 17 are fixedly connected with the drill base body 15 through the main cutting blade inner side walls 21. The main-cutting-insert major cutting surface 18 and the main-cutting-insert minor cutting surface 17 are arranged obliquely from high to low in a direction from the rake face to the flank face of the main cutting insert, and therefore both the main-cutting-insert outer side wall and the main-cutting-insert inner side wall 21 are approximately trapezoidal.
In this embodiment, three sets of cutting blades are provided, so that three main cutting blades are provided on the drill base body 15, the tips of the three main cutting blades are arranged around the drill core, and the initial cutting of the core drill is undertaken by the main cutting blades. In the embodiment, the height of the tool nose of the main cutting blade is 3mm, in order to meet the requirement of small axial force of the composite material, the thickness of the main cutting blade is 0.1-0.2 times of the diameter of the drill, and the circumferential length of the main cutting blade is 0.3 times of the diameter of the drill. When the main cutting blade is positioned on the drill base body, a certain angle is formed along the reverse rotation direction, the intersection bottom is called a bypass angle of the main cutting blade, and the bypass angle of the main cutting blade is 5-8 degrees. The negative rake angle of the main cutting insert is 15-18 deg..
The secondary cutting blade 12 comprises a secondary cutting blade secondary cutting surface 23 and a secondary cutting blade main cutting surface 25, wherein the secondary cutting blade secondary cutting surface 23 and the secondary cutting blade main cutting surface 25 are intersected at a secondary cutting blade main cutting edge, the secondary cutting blade main cutting edge is arranged along the radial direction of the drill base body, and the secondary cutting blade main cutting edge and the main cutting blade main cutting edge are perpendicularly arranged. The secondary cutting insert 12 has a secondary cutting insert relief surface 30 facing the drill direction, and the secondary cutting insert secondary cutting surface 23, the secondary cutting insert primary cutting surface 25 and the secondary cutting insert relief surface 30 intersect each other at an intersection point which is the cutting edge of the secondary cutting insert 12. The side of the secondary cutting insert 12 facing the annular edge of the drill is provided with a secondary cutting insert rake surface 24. The secondary cutting inserts 12 are conically arranged, i.e. the size of the bottom of the secondary cutting inserts is smaller than the size of the connection of the top of the secondary cutting inserts with the drill basic body 15. The height of the joint of the secondary-cutting-blade secondary cutting surface 23 and the secondary-cutting-blade primary cutting surface 25 is higher than the height of the other portion of the secondary-cutting-blade secondary cutting surface 23, so that the secondary-cutting-blade secondary cutting surface 23 is obliquely arranged, and the inclination direction of the secondary-cutting-blade secondary cutting surface 23 is the same as the inclination direction of the primary-cutting-blade secondary cutting surface 17.
Because three groups of cutting blades are arranged in the embodiment, three secondary cutting edge blades are arranged on the drill bit base body 15 and are annularly distributed along the drill core, and the secondary cutting edge blades play a role in breaking rocks. In the embodiment, the tool nose height of the secondary cutting blade 12 is 1.8mm, the main cutting surface 25 of the secondary cutting blade is arranged along the radial direction of the drill bit base body, the radial dimension of the secondary cutting blade is 10mm, the secondary cutting surface 23 of the secondary cutting blade is arranged along the circumferential direction of the drill bit base body, the annular dimension of the secondary cutting blade along the drill bit is 0.15 times of the diameter of the drill bit, the bypass angle of the secondary cutting blade is 5-8 degrees, and the negative front angle of the secondary cutting blade is 15-18 degrees. The secondary cutting insert is made of a high strength hard alloy.
The chip groove 14 comprises a chip groove left chip wall 27 and a chip groove right chip wall 28, the chip groove left chip wall 27 and the chip groove right chip wall 28 are intersected, and the chip groove left chip wall 27 and the chip groove right chip wall 28 form a groove with a triangular cross section. The upper side walls 26 of the chip removal grooves are respectively arranged above the left chip removal wall 27 and the right chip removal wall 28 of the chip removal groove, the upper side walls 26 of the chip removal grooves are respectively connected with the left chip removal wall 27 and the right chip removal wall 28 of the chip removal groove in a fold line shape, the lower side walls 29 of the chip removal grooves are respectively arranged below the left chip removal wall 27 and the right chip removal wall 28 of the chip removal groove, and the lower side walls 29 of the chip removal grooves are respectively connected with the left chip removal wall 27 and the right chip removal wall 28 of the chip removal groove in a fold line shape. The chip groove 14 is in an irregular groove shape, through hydrodynamic experiment data analysis, the irregular groove forming mode can promote the water body to move fast in the rotating process, and the lower side wall of the chip groove is vertically designed, so that good water flow guiding is ensured. In this embodiment, the maximum width of the flutes is 0.2-0.25 times the drill diameter.
The drilling positioning ring 13 comprises a positioning ring wall 32, one end of the positioning ring wall 32 is fixedly connected with the drill bit base body, and the other end of the positioning ring wall is provided with a positioning ring tip 31. By arranging the drilling positioning ring, the core taking mechanism can ensure that the bedrock can smoothly enter the core taking mechanism when drilling the columnar core which is broken, and the core turning-in action is not influenced. In this embodiment, the height of the drilling positioning ring is 2mm, and the thickness is 1mm.
As shown in fig. 7, the bottom surface of the drill base body adopts four ring-shaped configurations, namely a cutting ring 35, a chip breaking ring 36, a positioning ring outer wall 37 and a positioning ring inner wall 38 from outside to inside, wherein the cutting ring 35 is composed of a plurality of main cutting blade tips 34, and the main cutting blade tips 34 firstly scratch the rock in a point contact manner, so that the drill can be centered quickly and the drilling stability is maintained. The cutting tips of the several secondary cutting inserts form a breaker ring 36 and the drilling holding ring 13 comprises a holding ring outer wall 37 and a holding ring inner wall 38. Through four annular configurations, the drill bit fluttering caused by the turbulent flow influence of the deep sea carrier in the drilling and propelling process of the core can be assisted, so that the continuous drilling and coring effect is influenced.
In the embodiment, the main cutting blade and the auxiliary cutting blade adopt the combination of two processes of welding a PDC composite sheet and electroforming and fixedly inlaying diamond at low temperature, wherein the main cutting surfaces of the main cutting blade and the auxiliary cutting blade adopt the coating design of micro-powder grade fixedly inlaying diamond, so that the cutting blade has self-sharpening capability and a sharp edge; the primary cutting blade and the secondary cutting blade adopt the PDC alloy composite coating design, and have high strength and heat resistance, so that high-speed drilling can be realized under the conditions of a lower cutting tool and a lower rotating speed zone, and the effect of high-speed drilling can be kept in the whole using process.
The vertical edge positioning ring composed of the main cutting blade and the auxiliary cutting blade is slightly larger than the diameter of the drill positioning head, so that the core taking channel is prevented from being blocked by the core in the drilling process.
As shown in fig. 8, the core storage operation module 2 includes a transport protection housing 39, storage barrels 40, a sealing end cover 42, a ferrule type external thread joint 43, a one-way pressure ball valve 44, and a double external thread joint 45, the transport protection housing 39 is provided with a plurality of storage barrels 40 arranged at intervals, and core samples 46 obtained by drilling by the deep sea in-situ coring module are stored in the storage barrels 40. Because the device is mainly used for the preservation of rock samples obtained from deep sea in the process of ocean scientific investigation and the protection of subsequent operation to a laboratory, in order to ensure the physicochemical in-situ state of the deep sea rock samples to the maximum extent, the core preservation operation module 2 adopts the sealing design of filling nitrogen and isolating air, and each sample is independently filled with nitrogen and stored in a sealing way. The top of each preservation barrel 40 is provided with a sealing end cover 42, a sealing ring 41 is arranged between the sealing end cover 42 and the preservation barrel 40, and the preservation barrel 40 is sealed through the sealing ring 41. The cutting sleeve type external thread connector 43, the one-way pressure ball valve 44 and the double external thread connector 45 form a communication connector, a nitrogen source is injected into the storage barrel 40 through the communication connector, and the communication connector plays a role in filling nitrogen and isolating air. In this embodiment, the ferrule type male connector 43 is an MC type ferrule type male connector, and the double male connectors 45 are HN type double male pressure connectors.
The working process of the device is described as follows, and the detailed working process of the device is described in the embodiment by taking a flood dragon manned submersible as a deep sea vehicle.
Before the submersible works, the deep sea in-situ coring module 1 of the device is assembled with a drilling machine system and adjusted in a system-combined mode, so that the submersible has working capacity, and the assembled submersible is shown in fig. 9. A flood dragon manned submersible submerges to a specified depth to carry out operation, and an under-deck diver carries out startup and self-checking on a sensor of the device in an ICL wireless control mode, and checks values such as temperature, pressure values and core taking length. After the underwater vehicle reaches the bottom, the underwater vehicle cruises through the high-definition video signal and arrives at the designated area to sit on the bottom to perform sampling. During coring operation, a diver operates the flood dragon master-slave seven-function manipulator to vertically clamp and anchor a drilling machine system, meanwhile, the flood dragon submersible starts an automatic height setting mode, the hydraulic propulsion mechanism is finely adjusted by an operator, so that a drill bit in the drilling machine is slowly loaded to a rock, 100-400N pressure is kept, the drilling pressure is ensured, the drilling machine is manually started for coring operation, a core taking pipe 9 is extruded in the sampling process, the water body pressure is increased, and after a certain pressure value is reached, the overflow valve 10 is triggered and decompressed, so that a rock core can smoothly enter the core taking pipe 9. In the process, the core taking length value monitored in situ can be obtained in real time through the stay wire type core taking length induction sensor 5 and the floating sheet type core taking length induction sensor 6, the operation can be stopped after the sampling requirement is met, the operation mechanical hand puts back the drilling tool mechanism, and the deep sea in situ core taking module returns to the mother ship along with a flood dragon. At this time, the rock sample is stored in a core tube of water-lubricated polyester fiber, and the sequence information is kept in the original state.
After a drilling machine system with the deep sea in-situ coring module 1 is recovered to a deck of a mother ship along with a carrier, the transportation and storage work of a rock core is immediately carried out, and the deep sea in-situ coring module 1 is firstly screwed out by a drilling machine manually; secondly, taking out the core taking pipe 9 with the core in the module, integrally placing the core taking pipe 9 into the storage barrel 40 of the core storage operation module 2 to realize nondestructive protection in the storage and transportation process, and fastening a sealing end cover 42 at the top end of the storage barrel 40 by adopting a screw and sealing by a sealing ring 41; and finally, connecting a nitrogen source through a ferrule type external thread joint 43, a one-way pressure ball valve 44 and a double external tooth joint 45, and filling nitrogen into the storage barrel 40 to form an isolated space and protect the rock core to the maximum extent, thereby finally realizing in-situ storage of deep sea rock core sequence information and quick and nondestructive offshore transportation.
The core sampling and operating device of the deep sea carrier provided by the invention is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a deep sea carrier core sample running gear which characterized in that: comprises a deep sea in-situ coring module (1) and a core storage and transportation module (2);
the deep sea in-situ coring module (1) comprises a shaft coupling (3), a drill bit outer shaft (4), a temperature and pressure sensor (7), a coring drill bit (8), a coring pipe (9) and an overflow valve (10), wherein the top end of the drill bit outer shaft (4) is connected with a manipulator of a deep sea carrier through the shaft coupling (3), the bottom end of the drill bit outer shaft (4) is fixedly provided with the coring drill bit (8), the coring pipe (9) is arranged in the drill bit outer shaft (4), the upper part of the drill bit outer shaft (4) is provided with the one-way overflow valve (10), the drill bit outer shaft (4) is internally provided with a pull-wire type coring length induction sensor (5), the coring pipe (9) is internally provided with a floating-piece type coring length induction sensor (6), and the temperature and pressure sensor (7) is arranged in the coring drill bit (8);
the core bit (8) comprises a main cutting blade (11), an auxiliary cutting blade (12), a drilling positioning ring (13), chip grooves (14) and a bit base body (15), the top end of the bit base body (15) is fixedly connected with a bit outer shaft (4), a core taking hole is formed in the center of the bit base body (15) and communicated with a core taking pipe (9), the drilling positioning ring (13) is arranged in the middle of the bottom end surface of the bit base body (15) along the annular edge of the core taking hole, a plurality of groups of cutting blades are arranged on the bottom surface of the bit base body on the outer side of the drilling positioning ring (13) at intervals, each group of cutting blades comprises a main cutting blade (11) and an auxiliary cutting blade (12), the main cutting blade (11) is arranged along the annular direction of the bit base body (15), the auxiliary cutting blades are arranged along the radial direction of the bit base body (15), a plurality of chip grooves (14) are arranged on the annular side surface of the bit base body (15) at intervals, and the chip grooves (14) are correspondingly arranged between the main cutting blade (11) and the auxiliary cutting blade (12) of each group of cutting blades;
the main cutting blade (11) comprises a main cutting blade main cutting surface (18), a main cutting blade secondary cutting surface (17), a main cutting blade front face (19), a main cutting blade rear face (16), a main cutting blade front side wall (20) and a main cutting blade inner side wall (21), the top surface of the main cutting blade (11) is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the drill base body (15), the bottom surface of the main cutting blade (11) consists of the main cutting blade main cutting surface (18) and the main cutting blade secondary cutting surface (17), the main cutting blade main cutting surface (18) is positioned on the outer side of the main cutting blade secondary cutting surface (17), the main cutting blade main cutting surface (18) and the main cutting blade secondary cutting surface (17) are intersected at the main cutting blade main cutting edge, the main cutting blade main cutting edge is arranged along the annular shape of the drill base body, the front end surface of the main cutting blade (11) consists of the main cutting blade front face (19) and the main cutting blade front side wall (20), the main cutting blade front face (19), the main cutting blade main cutting surface (18) and the main cutting blade secondary cutting surface (17) are intersected at the nose of the main cutting blade rear face (16), the main cutting blade secondary cutting surface (16) extends to the main cutting blade secondary cutting surface (17), the main cutting blade front face (19) is fixedly connected with the drill base body (15) through a main cutting blade front side wall (20), the main cutting blade main cutting surface (18) is fixedly connected with the drill base body (15) through a main cutting blade outer side wall, the main cutting blade secondary cutting surface (17) is fixedly connected with the drill base body (15) through a main cutting blade inner side wall (21), and the main cutting blade main cutting surface (18) and the main cutting blade secondary cutting surface (17) are obliquely arranged from high to low along the direction from the main cutting blade front face to the main cutting blade back face;
the secondary cutting blade (12) comprises a secondary cutting blade secondary cutting surface (23) and a secondary cutting blade main cutting surface (25), the secondary cutting blade secondary cutting surface (23) and the secondary cutting blade main cutting surface (25) are intersected at the secondary cutting blade main cutting edge, the secondary cutting blade main cutting edge is arranged along the radial direction of the drill base body, the secondary cutting blade main cutting edge and the main cutting blade main cutting edge are vertically arranged, a secondary cutting blade back face (30) is arranged on the secondary cutting blade (12) in the direction towards the drill center, the secondary cutting blade secondary cutting surface (23), the secondary cutting blade main cutting surface (25) and the secondary cutting blade back face (30) are intersected at the nose of the secondary cutting blade (12), a secondary cutting blade front face (24) is arranged on one side of the secondary cutting blade (12) facing the annular edge of the drill base body, the secondary cutting blade (12) is arranged in a conical shape, the height of the secondary cutting blade main cutting edge is higher than that of other parts, the secondary cutting blade secondary cutting surface (23) is arranged in an inclined shape, and the inclined direction of the secondary cutting blade secondary cutting surface (23) is the same as the inclined direction of the main cutting blade secondary cutting surface (17);
the chip groove (14) comprises a chip groove left chip wall (27) and a chip groove right chip wall (28), the chip groove left chip wall (27) and the chip groove right chip wall (28) are intersected, a groove with a triangular cross section is formed by the chip groove left chip wall (27) and the chip groove right chip wall (28), chip groove upper side walls (26) are arranged above the chip groove left chip wall (27) and the chip groove right chip wall (28) respectively, the chip groove upper side walls (26) are connected with the chip groove left chip wall (27) and the chip groove right chip wall (28) in a zigzag mode respectively, chip groove lower side walls (29) are arranged below the chip groove left chip wall (27) and the chip groove right chip wall (28) respectively, and the chip groove lower side walls (29) are connected with the chip groove left chip wall (27) and the chip groove right chip wall (28) in a zigzag mode respectively;
the drilling positioning ring (13) comprises a positioning annular wall (32), one end of the positioning annular wall (32) is fixedly connected with the drill bit base body, and the other end of the positioning annular wall is provided with a positioning ring tip (31);
the rock core is preserved and is transported module (2) including transporting protecting sheathing (39), preserve bucket (40), end cover (42), cutting ferrule formula outer screwed joint (43), one-way pressure ball valve (44), two outer screwed joints (45), it sets up several and preserves bucket (40) to transport protecting sheathing (39), rock core sample (46) are deposited in preserving bucket (40), the top of every bucket (40) is preserved and is equipped with end cover (42), be equipped with between end cover (42) and the preservation bucket (40) sealing washer (41), cutting ferrule formula outer screwed joint (43), one-way pressure ball valve (44), two outer screwed joints (45) are constituteed the UNICOM and are connected, the nitrogen gas source passes through the UNICOM and connects the injection to be preserved in bucket (40).
2. The deep sea vehicle core sampling run of claim 1, wherein: the tool points on the main cutting blades are annularly distributed along the drill core, the height of the tool points of the main cutting blades is 3mm, the thickness of the main cutting blades is 0.1-0.2 times of the diameter of the drill, the annular length of the main cutting blades is 0.3 times of the diameter of the drill, the bypass angle of the main cutting blades is 5-8 degrees, and the negative rake angle of the main cutting blades is 15-18 degrees.
3. The deep sea vehicle core sampling running device of claim 1, wherein: the tool points of the auxiliary cutting blades are distributed along the drill core ring, the height of the tool point of the auxiliary cutting blade (12) is 1.8mm, the main cutting surface (25) of the auxiliary cutting blade is arranged along the radial direction of the drill bit base body, the radial dimension of the auxiliary cutting blade along the drill bit base body is 10mm, the annular dimension of the auxiliary cutting blade along the drill bit is 0.15 time of the diameter of the drill bit, the bypass angle of the auxiliary cutting blade is 5-8 degrees, and the negative front angle of the auxiliary cutting blade is 15-18 degrees.
4. The deep sea vehicle core sampling run of claim 1, wherein: the maximum width of the chip grooves (14) is 0.2-0.25 times of the diameter of the drill bit.
5. The deep sea vehicle core sampling run of claim 1, wherein: the height of the drilling positioning ring is 2mm, and the thickness of the drilling positioning ring is 1mm.
6. The deep sea vehicle core sampling running device of claim 1, wherein: the bottom surface of the drill bit base body adopts four annular configurations, the cutting ring (35), the chip breaking ring (36), the positioning ring outer wall (37) and the positioning ring inner wall (38) are sequentially arranged from outside to inside, the cutting ring (35) is formed by the tool tips (34) of the main cutting blades, the chip breaking ring (36) is formed by the tool tips of the auxiliary cutting blades, and the drilling positioning ring (13) comprises the positioning ring outer wall (37) and the positioning ring inner wall (38).
7. The deep sea vehicle core sampling run of claim 1, wherein: the coring pipe (9) is made of water-lubricated polyester fibers, so that the rock is ensured to always keep sequence information in the coring process.
8. The deep sea vehicle core sampling running device of claim 1, wherein: the main cutting surfaces of the main cutting blade and the auxiliary cutting blade are coated with micro-powder grade solid diamond-inlaid designs, and the auxiliary cutting surfaces of the main cutting blade and the auxiliary cutting blade are coated with PDC alloy composite sheets.
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