CN113767904B - Special attractant for preventing and controlling insect gall thrips on ficus plants - Google Patents
Special attractant for preventing and controlling insect gall thrips on ficus plants Download PDFInfo
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- CN113767904B CN113767904B CN202111033374.XA CN202111033374A CN113767904B CN 113767904 B CN113767904 B CN 113767904B CN 202111033374 A CN202111033374 A CN 202111033374A CN 113767904 B CN113767904 B CN 113767904B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N35/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical
- A01N35/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical containing aliphatically bound aldehyde or keto groups, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof, e.g. acetals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N27/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing hydrocarbons
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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Abstract
The invention discloses a special attractant for preventing and controlling insect gall thrips on ficus plants, which comprises the following main components: beta-cyclocitral, beta-Ma Lanxi, and beta-copaene; the attractant has a good attraction effect, and provides support for formulating other follow-up effective prevention and control measures, reducing the using amount of chemical pesticides and realizing accurate monitoring and green and efficient prevention and control of the insect gall thrips.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pest control, in particular to a specific attractant for controlling insect gall thrips on ficus plants and application thereof.
Background
Ficus microcarpa is a generic name of Ficus plants in Moraceae, and can be used for pot culture after shaping. The potted Ficus plant mainly comprises Ficus microcarpa, ficus benjamina, ficus elastica, etc. In recent years, with the increase of export quantity of potted ficus plants, the expansion of industrial intensive production scale and the enhancement of pest drug resistance, the occurrence of insect thrips is aggravated, and the insect thrips becomes one of the main pests in the planting process of the potted ficus plants. The insect is hidden in sexual life and is not easy to be found in the initial stage; the gall-making capability is strong, so that the damaged leaves can form dumpling-shaped or lump-shaped gall in a short time; the reproductive capacity is strong, the generation period is short, and large-area outbreak is easy to cause; it can also spread various diseases, and is very difficult to control. At present, the insect is listed as quarantine insect by countries and regions such as European Union, america, silovack, japan, thailand and the like, great negative influence is caused on export of potted ficus plants, and how to effectively monitor, prevent and control the insect becomes a problem to be solved urgently in export of potted ficus plants.
At present, an effective monitoring and prevention and control means aiming at insect gall thrips is still lacked in the production process of potted ficus plants, once the insects are found, the insects are formed on leaves, the prevention and control measures are usually lagged, and the prevention and control cost is increased; and the usage amount of chemical pesticide is increased, which is not beneficial to ecological environment safety. Plant volatile matters are low-boiling point and volatile small molecular compounds generated by plants through a secondary metabolic pathway, play a vital role in host selection of phytophagous insects, and are chemical clues for searching host plants by the phytophagous insects; because plant volatiles are natural in origin, relatively safe, and do not produce residues and drug resistance, the development of pest attractants using host volatiles has become an important research direction for pest management. Under the background, the development of a special attractant for preventing and controlling the insect gall thrips on the ficus plants is urgently needed, the occurrence and damage of the insect are timely monitored and controlled, and the special attractant provides support for formulating other effective prevention and control measures, reducing the use amount of chemical pesticides and realizing accurate monitoring and green and efficient prevention and control of the insect gall thrips.
Therefore, how to provide an obligate attractant for preventing and controlling thrips cecidae on ficus plants is a problem to be solved urgently by the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides an attractant for preventing and controlling thrips gallnut on ficus plants, which has a good effect of attracting thrips gallnut.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an obligate attractant for preventing and controlling insect gall thrips on ficus plants, the main components of the attractant comprise: beta-Cyclocitral (beta-cyclocitriral), beta-Ma Lanxi (beta-Maleine), and beta-Copaene (beta-Copaene); and the mass ratio of the beta-cyclocitral to the beta-Ma Lanxi to the beta-copaene is as follows: 5-10:0.3-1.2:0.2-0.4.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the mass ratio of the beta-cyclocitral to the beta-Ma Lanxi to the beta-copaene is as follows: 5.
The preparation method of the obligate attractant comprises the following specific processes: firstly weighing beta-cyclocitral, beta-Ma Lanxi and beta-copaene according to the mass ratio, and then dissolving the weighed raw materials into a slow-release solvent together.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the slow-release solvent comprises Triethyl citrate (Triethyl citrate).
The application of the obligate attractant prepared by the method in prevention and treatment of insect gall thistle horses.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the trapping capacity of different banyan plants on insect gall thrips provided in example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a graph showing attractant results of different proportions provided in example 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The trapping amount of ficus plant volatile matters with different thrips resistant levels on insect gall thrips comprises the following steps:
materials and methods
(1) The test plants: selecting high-sensitive variety of vertical leaf banyans, low-sensitive variety of ginseng banyans and high-resistance variety of Indian banyans of which the tree age is 2 months and the average plant height is 20-22cm from Sha Xizhen in Zhangzhou city of Fujian province, transplanting the selected plant into a seedling culture pot with the diameter of 12cm (caliber) multiplied by 10cm (height) multiplied by 8cm (bottom diameter) by peat soil, and recovering the growth for 15d for later use. Insect gall thrips: collecting insect gall thrips from the base, breeding and propagating the collected insect gall thrips in an insect breeding cage by using potted ficus auriculata under the conditions of room temperature of 25-28 ℃, relative humidity of 50-60% and photoperiod of 12L, taking out the imagoes eclosion for 3d in the secondary generation, and starving for 12h for later use.
(2) The test method comprises the following steps: and (3) measuring and analyzing the trapping amount of the volatile matters of the 3 ficus plants on the gall thrips by adopting a Y-shaped olfactometer system at the room temperature of 25-28 ℃ under the dark closed condition. Experiment set 6 treatments: (1) ficus microcarpa vs air, (2) ficus microcarpa vs air, (3) ficus auriculata vs air, (4) ficus microcarpa vs ficus, (5) ficus microcarpa vs ficus auriculata, (6) ficus microcarpa vs ficus; repeating for 3 times for each 1 treated Ficus plant; each group is treated and observed with 60 thrips, and the thrips climbs to 1/3 of the two arms of the Y-type olfactometer within 5min and lasts for more than 30s, which is counted as effective selection; each insect gall thrips was used only 1 time in the test, and the Y-olfactometer was changed 1 time for each 5 observation heads; the differences in induced quantities of insect gall thrips in each treatment were compared by t-test.
Results and analysis
The trapping amounts of the volatile matters of the 3 ficus plants on the insect gall thrips are obviously different; the ficus auriculata has the most inducing amount on thrips, and reaches 31.67-45.67 heads, which is obviously more than that of air, ficus auriculata and ficus indica; the ginseng banyan is second to thrips trapping and measuring, is 25.33-35.00 heads, and is significantly more than air and Indian banyan; the inducing amount of Indian banyan to thrips is the least, only 6.67-15.00 heads, even lower than the air inducing amount, as shown in figure 1. Therefore, the trapping capacity of the volatile matters of the 3 ficus plants on the insect gall thrips is that the high-sensitive variety-the most ficus microcarpa, the low-sensitive variety-the ginseng ficus auriculata is located secondly, and the high-resistance variety-the least ficus auriculata.
Example 2
The relationship between the volatile matter content of ficus plants and the insect gall thrips trapping amount comprises the following steps:
materials and methods
Taking 3 plants (namely 3 times of repetition) of each of the 3 ficus plants, quickly shearing all leaves of each plant, and immediately putting into liquid nitrogen for fixing for 15min to prevent volatile matters induced by wound; extracting and detecting volatile matters of the 3 ficus plants by adopting a solid-phase microextraction method and GC-MS. GC-MS column: HP-5MS capillary column (30 m 0.25mm 0.25 um); the sample inlet temperature is 280 ℃, the ion source temperature is 280 ℃, and the quadrupole rod temperature is 280 ℃; temperature programming: maintaining the initial temperature at 40 deg.C for 5min, and maintaining the temperature at 3.5 deg.C for min -1 The temperature is increased to 100 ℃ and kept for 5min, and then the temperature is increased to 8.0 ℃ for min -1 The temperature is increased to 200 ℃ and kept for 5min, and then the temperature is increased to 150 ℃ for min -1 The speed of (2) is increased to 280 ℃ and kept for 15min; mass spectrum conditions:the ionization mode is EI, the electron energy is 70eV, and the mass range is 35-350amu. Correlation of relative volatile content with thrips trapping was analyzed by Pearson correlation.
Results and analysis
The relative content of each volatile matter in the 3 ficus plants is remarkably different, wherein the relative content of beta-Cyclocitaral, beta-Maleine and beta-Copaene is not high, but is in positive correlation with the trapping amount of insect gall thrips (r is more than or equal to 0.9960, and p is less than 0.05) (Table 1). Therefore, the 3 volatile matters have a great influence on the induced quantity of the thrips gallnut and are key volatile matters for the ficus plants to attract the thrips gallnut.
TABLE 1 relationship between Ficus volatile content and insect gall thrips trapping amount
Example 3
The attraction effect of the ficus volatile synthetic product on the insect gall thrips comprises the following steps:
materials and methods
On the basis of examples 1 and 2, standards of beta-Cyclintral, beta-Malaine and beta-Copaene (97-99% pure) were purchased and each volatile was first diluted to different concentrations with a slow release solvent Triethyl citrate, where beta-Cyclintral was set at 0.50, 1.00, 2.00, 4.00 and 8.00. Mu.g/100. Mu.L, beta-Malaine was set at 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.40 and 0.80. Mu.g/100. Mu.L, beta-Copaene was set at 0.02, 0.04, 0.08, 0.16 and 0.32. Mu.g/100. Mu.L, and each treatment was blanked with fresh air. Then respectively sucking 1ml of suspension solution with each single volatile matter treatment concentration, and dripping the suspension solution on 1 small cotton block; placing the small cotton in an open glass culture dish, placing the culture dish in a gas collection tank, and observing the attraction effect of each treatment on the gall thrips according to the method in the embodiment 1; each group of treatments was observed for 60 thrips, which were repeated 3 times. And then comparing the differences of the inducing effects on the thrips goiter in each treatment by using a t test method.
Results and analysis
The attraction effect of the 3 volatile substances on the insect gall thrips is greatly influenced by the concentration and generally increases along with the increase of the concentration; in beta-Cyclocital, the attraction effect of other 4 concentrations is obviously more than that of the control except 0.50 mug/100 muL; in beta-Maleine, the attraction effect of other 3 concentrations except 0.05 and 0.10 mug/100 muL is obviously more than that of the control; in beta-Copaene, the attracting effect was significantly greater for each of the 5 concentrations than for the control (Table 2). Therefore, 3 volatile matters can effectively attract insect gall thrips.
TABLE 2 attraction effect of Ficus volatile matter synthetic product on insect gall thrips
Example 4
The luring effect of volatile matters with different proportions on insect gall thrips comprises the following steps:
materials and methods
Based on example 1, example 2 and example 3, the beta-cyclocital, beta-Malaine and beta-Copaene standards were set to 3 concentrations (Table 3) using the orthogonal Table L 9 (3 4 ) Derived L 9 (3 3 ) 9 proportions (table 4) are designed and respectively dissolved in a sustained-release solvent, namely, trietyl citrate, to prepare the attractant. Respectively absorbing 1ml of each attractant, dripping the attractant on 1 piece of small cotton, then placing the small cotton in an open glass culture dish, placing the culture dish in a gas collection tank, and then simulating a field scene by taking a thrips high-sensitivity variety, namely ficus pumila, as a contrast; the attracting effect of each attractant on insect gall thrips was observed according to the method of example 1; each group of treatments was observed for 60 thrips, which were repeated 3 times. The differences in the attraction effects of thrips galli in the various groups of treatments were compared by t-test.
TABLE 3 design of 3 horizontal concentrations of volatiles (μ g/100 μ L)
| Level of factor | beta-Cyclocital | beta-Maaliene | beta-Copaene |
| 1 | 2.5 | 0.3 | 0.1 |
| 2 | 5 | 0.6 | 0.2 |
| 3 | 10 | 1.2 | 0.4 |
TABLE 4 volatile concentration L 9 (3 3 ) Orthogonal design proportion (mu g/100 mu L)
| Volatile matter proportion | beta-Cyclocitral | beta-Maaliene | beta-Copaene |
| 1 | 2.5 | 0.3 | 0.1 |
| 2 | 2.5 | 0.6 | 0.2 |
| 3 | 2.5 | 1.2 | 0.4 |
| 4 | 5 | 0.3 | 0.2 |
| 5 | 5 | 0.6 | 0.4 |
| 6 | 5 | 1.2 | 0.1 |
| 7 | 10 | 0.3 | 0.4 |
| 8 | 10 | 0.6 | 0.1 |
| 9 | 10 | 1.2 | 0.2 |
Results and analysis
The attractant with 9 proportions has obviously different attraction effects on the insect gall thrips. The attractant prepared according to the ratio of 5 to 7 to 9 has a high attracting effect which reaches 62.78-70.56 percent and is obviously higher than that of ficus virens; the luring effect of the mixture ratios of 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8 is relatively low, and the difference with the ficus microcarpa is not obvious; the luring effect of the ratio 1 is the lowest and is obviously lower than that of ficus microcarpa (figure 2). Comprehensively evaluating the attracting effect of each proportion, the attracting components beta-Cyclocital, beta-Maleine and beta-Copaene have mass fractions of 5-10, 0.6-1.2, and 0.2-0.4, and the preferable proportion is 10.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (4)
1. An obligate attractant for preventing and controlling the Frankliniella ficorum on the Ficus plant is characterized in that the main components of the attractant comprise: beta-cyclocitral, beta-Ma Lanxi and beta-copaene, and the mass ratio of the three is (5).
2. The preparation method of the obligate attractant for preventing and controlling the cynara ficuum on the ficus plants as claimed in claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following specific processes: firstly weighing beta-cyclocitral, beta-Ma Lanxi and beta-copaene according to the mass ratio, and then dissolving the weighed raw materials into a slow-release solvent together.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the slow release solvent comprises triethyl citrate.
4. The application of the obligate attractant prepared according to the method of claim 3 in preventing and treating cynara ficorum.
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| SE523876C2 (en) * | 2002-09-24 | 2004-05-25 | Forskarpatent I Syd Ab | Procedure for the control of insect trapping of insects from the group Argyresthia conjugella (rowan berry), Cydia pomonella (apple wicker), Hedya nubiferana and Pandemis heparana of fruit trees using certain volatile plant substances from rowan or apple and composition for carrying out the procedure |
| GB2513534A (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2014-11-05 | Univ Swansea | Use of a compound to control insects |
| CN103493845B (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2014-12-17 | 福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Attractant for thrips |
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