CN113661986B - Specific repellent for preventing and controlling insect gall thrips on ficus plants - Google Patents
Specific repellent for preventing and controlling insect gall thrips on ficus plants Download PDFInfo
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- CN113661986B CN113661986B CN202111033788.2A CN202111033788A CN113661986B CN 113661986 B CN113661986 B CN 113661986B CN 202111033788 A CN202111033788 A CN 202111033788A CN 113661986 B CN113661986 B CN 113661986B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/06—Unsaturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/18—Vapour or smoke emitting compositions with delayed or sustained release
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N27/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing hydrocarbons
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N45/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing compounds having three or more carbocyclic rings condensed among themselves, at least one ring not being a six-membered ring
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Abstract
The invention discloses an obligate repellent for preventing and controlling insect gall thrips on ficus plants, which is prepared by dissolving repellent components of trans-alpha-bergamottine, cis-alpha-bergamottine, trans-11-octadecenoic acid methyl ester and cholest-3, 5-diene in a slow-release solvent triethyl citrate according to certain mass fraction. The invention has the following remarkable effects: can effectively repel the insect source of the insect gall thrips at the periphery and inside the ficus plant, and provides support for effectively lightening the occurrence and harm of the insect gall thrips and reducing the using amount of chemical pesticides and realizing green, efficient and sustainable prevention and control of the insect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of green prevention and control of pests, in particular to an obligate repellent for preventing and controlling insect gall thrips on ficus plants.
Background
The banyan is a general term of plants in the genus banyan of the family Moraceae, about 120 varieties of Chinese, 20 varieties of Fujian, and can be used for pot culture after shaping. The potted ficus is a main export-earning plant in China and Fujian provinces, the varieties mainly comprise ficus microcarpa, ficus indica and the like, and the export amount accounts for more than 90% of the international market share. In recent years, with the increase of the export quantity of potted ficus plants, the expansion of the industrial intensive production scale and the enhancement of the drug resistance of pests, the development of the thrips ficorum, which is mainly the ficus auriculata, is aggravated, and the thrips ficorum becomes one of the main pests in the planting process of the potted ficus plants. The adult and nymphs cluster on young leaves and young leaves of potted ficus plants and leave worsted spots with different sizes, purple brown or brown, the damaged leaves are gradually folded and distorted and deformed along midvein to leaf surfaces, and dumpling-shaped or lumpy galls are seriously formed, so that the growth, development and ornamental value of the potted ficus plants are directly influenced; meanwhile, the insect can also spread various diseases, and the prevention and treatment work is very difficult. At present, the insect is classified as quarantine insect by countries and regions such as European Union, america, silovack, japan, thailand and the like, great negative influence is caused on export of potted ficus plants, and better prevention and control measures are urgently needed to be sought.
At present, an effective prevention and control means aiming at insect gall thrips is still lacked in the production process of potted ficus plants, once the insects are found, the insects are formed on leaves, the prevention and control measures are usually lagged, and the prevention and control cost is increased; in addition, in order to control the outbreak and spread of the insects, the use of chemical pesticides is often emphasized, and the ecological environment safety is not facilitated. Plant volatiles are some low-boiling-point volatile small-molecule compounds generated by plants through a secondary metabolic pathway, play a vital role in the process of interaction between the plants and pests, and are chemical clues for searching host plants by the pests and self-defense weapons for resisting the pests by the plants; because plant volatiles are natural in origin, are relatively safe, and do not produce residues and drug resistance, development of pest repellents by using host volatiles has become an important research direction for pest control. Under the background, the development of an obligate repellent for preventing and controlling the insect gall thrips on the ficus plants is urgently needed, the thrips sources at the periphery and inside the ficus plants are effectively reduced, the occurrence and harm of the insect gall thrips are reduced, the use amount of chemical pesticides is reduced, and the support is provided for realizing the green, efficient and sustainable prevention and control of the insects.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an obligate repellent for preventing and controlling insect gall thrips on Ficus plants comprises repellent components including trans-alpha-bergamotene, cis-alpha-bergamotene, trans-11-octadecenoic acid methyl ester and cholest-3, 5-diene.
Preferably, the repellent component comprises 1-2% of trans-alpha-bergamotene, 4-8% of cis-alpha-bergamotene, 0.5-1% of trans-11-methyl octadecenoate, 5-10% of cholest-3, 5-diene and the balance of slow-release solvent triethyl citrate in percentage by mass.
Preferably, the repelling component comprises 1% of trans-alpha-bergamotene, 4% of cis-alpha-bergamotene, 1% of trans-11-methyl octadecenoate, 5% of cholest-3, 5-diene and the balance of slow-release solvent triethyl citrate in percentage by mass.
Preferably, the repelling component comprises 1% of trans-alpha-bergamotene, 8% of cis-alpha-bergamotene, 0.5% of trans-11-methyl octadecenoate, 10% of cholest-3,5-diene and the balance of slow-release solvent triethyl citrate by mass fraction.
Preferably, the repelling component comprises 2% of trans-alpha-bergamotene, 4% of cis-alpha-bergamotene, 1% of trans-11-octadecenoic acid methyl ester and 10% of cholest-3, 5-diene by mass fraction, and the balance of slow-release solvent triethyl citrate.
Preferably, the repellent ingredients comprise 2% of trans-alpha-bergamotene, 8% of cis-alpha-bergamotene, 0.5% of trans-11-octadecenoic acid methyl ester and 5% of cholest-3, 5-diene by mass fraction, and the balance of slow-release solvent triethyl citrate.
Application of an obligate repellent in preventing and controlling insect gall thistle on Ficus plant is provided.
The invention has the remarkable effects that: the insect source of the cecidomythrips at the periphery and inside the ficus plants can be efficiently repelled, and the support is provided for effectively reducing the occurrence and harm of the cecidomythrips and reducing the use amount of chemical pesticides and realizing the green, efficient and sustainable prevention and control of the insects.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various equivalent substitutions and modifications can be made to the present disclosure, and still fall within the scope of the present disclosure.
The methods in the following experiments are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; consumables such as materials and reagents used in the following experiments are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Experiment 1
The selection rate of thrips ceciosus for volatile matters of 3 ficus plants with different thrips resistant levels comprises the following steps:
1. materials and methods
(1) The test plants: selecting high-sensitive variety of thrips, namely, ficus sapiens, low-sensitive variety of ginseng banyan and high-resistance variety of Indian banyan 3 potted plants with the tree age of 2 months and the average plant height of 20-22cm from sand and town of Zhangpu county in Fujian province. Test insect gall thrips: collecting insect gall thrips from the base, breeding and propagating in an insect cage at room temperature by using potted ficus pendiculatus, taking adult insects which emerge for 3d in the next generation, and starving for 12h for later use.
(2) The test method comprises the following steps: the selectivity of the fimbria ficorum to 3 ficus plant volatile matters is determined and analyzed by a Y-shaped olfactometer system with two arms connected with a glass gas collecting tank (the height is 35cm, and the diameter is 25 cm). Test equipment: processing 6 groups of ficus pumila vs air, ficus acuta vs air, ficus elastica vs ficus virens, ficus elastica vs ficus pumila, ficus elastica vs ficus elastica, ficus pumila vs ficus ginseng, and the like; repeating for 3 times for each 1 treated Ficus plant; each group is treated and observed for 60 thrips, and the effective selection is counted by climbing to exceed 1/3 of two arms of a Y-type olfactometer within 5min and lasting for more than 30 s; each insect gall thrips was used only 1 time in the test, and the Y-olfactometer was changed 1 time for each 5 observation heads; the differences in selectivity of insect thrips goiter for each treatment were compared using the t-test. The laboratory temperature is 25-28 ℃, and the experiment is carried out under the dark and closed conditions.
2. Results and analysis
The selection rates of 3 ficus plant volatiles by the insect gall thrips are obviously different; wherein the selection rate of thrips in Ficus benjamina is the highest, and reaches 52.78-76.11%, which is obviously higher than that of air, ficus benjamina and Ficus elastica; the selectivity of thrips in the ficus microcarpa is second, 42.22-58.34%, which is significantly higher than that of air and ficus microcarpa; the thrips selectivity in ficus elastica was the lowest, only 11.11-25.00%, even lower than air (table 1). It can be seen that the selection rate of the fimbriae cecidae for the volatile matters of the 3 ficus plants is highest for the high-sensitive variety ficus microcarpa, the low-sensitive variety ficus microcarpa is located next, and the high-resistance variety ficus microcarpa is lowest.
TABLE 1 selection of 3 different anti-thrips levels of Ficus volatiles (%)
Experiment 2
The relationship between ficus plant volatiles and thrips cecidae host selection comprises the following steps:
1. materials and methods
Taking 3 Ficus plants each, namely repeating for 3 times, rapidly shearing all leaves of each plant, immediately putting into liquid nitrogen for fixing for 15min, and preventing generation of wound-induced volatile matter; extracting and detecting volatile matters of the 3 ficus plants by adopting a solid-phase microextraction method and GC-MS. GC-MS column: HP-5MS capillary column (30 m 0.25mm 0.25 um); the sample inlet temperature is 280 ℃, the ion source temperature is 280 ℃, and the quadrupole rod temperature is 280 ℃; temperature programming: maintaining the initial temperature at 40 deg.C for 5min, and maintaining the temperature at 3.5 deg.C for min -1 The temperature is increased to 100 ℃ and kept for 5min, and then 8.0 ℃ is carried out for min -1 The temperature is increased to 200 ℃ and kept for 5min, and then the temperature is increased to 15.0 ℃ for min -1 The speed of the temperature rise to 280 ℃ and the temperature is kept for 15min; mass spectrum conditions: the ionization mode is EI, the electron energy is 70eV, and the mass range is 35-350amu. Thereafter, the relative content of volatiles was analyzed for correlation with thrips host selection rate.
2. Results and analysis
There was a significant difference in the relative content of each volatile between the 3 ficus plants, where the relative content of trans- α -bergamotene was significantly negatively correlated with the selectivity of thrips gallnut (| r | > 0.9995), p < 0.05), and the relative content of cis- α -bergamotene, trans-11-octadecenoic acid methyl ester and cholest-3, 5-diene was highly negatively correlated with the selectivity of thrips gallnut (| r | > 0.9735), p < 0.1) (table 2). The relative content of these 4 volatiles, although not high, should be the key volatiles of ficus plants to repel thrips cecidae.
TABLE 2 relationship between ficus plant volatiles and thrips cecidae host selection
Experiment 3
The repellent effect of ficus volatile standard on insect gall thrips comprises the following steps:
materials and methods
Standards of trans-alpha-bergamotene, cis-alpha-bergamotene, trans-11-octadecenoic acid methyl ester and cholest-3, 5-diene (purity 97-99%) were purchased on the basis of experiment 1 and experiment 2, and each volatile was first dissolved and diluted to different concentrations with a slow-release solvent triethyl citrate, wherein trans-alpha-bergamotene was set to 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.40 and 0.80. Mu.g/100. Mu.L, cis-alpha-bergamotene was set to 1.00, 2.00, 4.00, 8.00 and 16.00. Mu.g/100. Mu.L, trans-11-octadecenoic acid methyl ester was set to 0.25, 0.50, 1.00 and 2.00. Mu.g/100. Mu.L, and cholest-3, 5-diene was set to 2.50, 5.00, 10.00 and 20.00. Mu.g/100. Mu.L. Then respectively sucking 1ml of suspension solution with each treatment concentration of each single volatile matter, dripping the suspension solution on 1 piece of small cotton, then placing the small cotton in an open glass culture dish, placing the culture dish in a gas collection tank as a test group, and taking air in the other gas collection tank as a control group to obtain the repellent effect; subsequently, according to the method of experiment 1, observing by adopting a Y-type olfactometer system, and counting the insect population proportion of the insect gall thrips in each treatment as the repellent effect of each treatment; each group was treated with 60 thrips, repeated 3 times. And then comparing the differences of the repellent effects of the insect gall thrips in each treatment by using a t test method.
Results and analysis
The repellent effect of the 4 volatile substances on the insect gall thrips is greatly influenced by the concentration, and generally increases along with the increase of the concentration; in trans-alpha-bergamotene, the population ratio of thrips cecidae in 4 concentrations other than 0.05 μ g/100 μ L was significantly lower than the control; in cis-alpha-bergamotene, the population proportion of thrips goiter in 4 concentrations was significantly lower than the control, except for 1.00. Mu.g/100. Mu.L; in trans-11-octadecenoic acid methyl ester, the population ratio of thrips goiter in 3 concentrations other than 0.25 μ g/100 μ L was significantly lower than that of the control; in cholest-3,5-diene, the population proportion of gall thrips in 3 concentrations other than 2.50. Mu.g/100. Mu.L was significantly lower than the control. As can be seen, 4 volatiles were effective in repelling gall thrips (Table 3).
TABLE 3 repellent effect of Ficus volatile synthesized product on insect gall thrips
Experiment 4
The repellent effect of volatile matters with different proportions on insect gall thrips comprises the following steps:
1. materials and methods
On the basis of experiment 1, experiment 2 and experiment 3, the standards of trans-alpha-bergamotene, cis-alpha-bergamotene, trans-11-octadecenoic acid methyl ester and cholest-3, 5-diene are taken, wherein the concentration of the trans-alpha-bergamotene is 4, the concentration of the cis-alpha-bergamotene, the concentration of the trans-11-octadecenoic acid methyl ester and the concentration of the cholest-3, 5-diene are 2 (table 4), and the orthogonal table L is utilized 8 (4×2 4 ) Derived L 8 (4×2 3 ) 8 proportions (table 5) are designed and respectively dissolved in the slow-release solvent triethyl citrate to prepare the repellent. Respectively sucking 1ml of each repellent, dripping the repellent on 1 piece of small cotton, placing the small cotton in an open glass culture dish, then simulating a field scene, placing the culture dish and 1 thrips high-sensitivity variety ficus pumila in the same gas collection tank, and taking air as a control in the other gas collection tank to obtain a repellent effect; according to the method of example 1, observing by using a Y-type olfactometer system, and counting the insect population proportion of the thrips ceolata in the air control to be used as the repellent effect of each repellent; the differences in repellent effect on gall thrips in each treatment group were compared by t-test.
TABLE 4 design of volatile concentrations (μ g/100 μ L)
TABLE 5 volatile concentration L 8 (4×2 3 ) Orthogonal design proportion (mu g/100 mu L)
2. Results and analysis
In 8 treatments, the proportion of insect gall thrips in air (repellent effect) is higher in 5, 6, 7 and 8 treatments, and reaches 55.56-65.56%, which is obviously higher than that of a repellent and Ficus benjamina; the insect population ratio (repelling effect) of the other 4 treated air is not obviously lower than that of the repellent and the ficus pumila, or is not significantly different from that of the repellent and the ficus pumila, and is not 50.00 percent (Table 6). Comprehensively evaluating the repellent effect of each proportion, and showing that the repellent components of trans-alpha-bergamotene, cis-alpha-bergamotene, trans-11-octadecenoic acid methyl ester and cholest-3, 5-diene have mass fractions of 1-2:4-8:0.5-1:5-10 is a proper proportion for preparing the insect gall thrips special repellent, wherein the preferable proportion is 2:8:0.5:5 (ratio 8, optimal), 2:4:1:10 (ratio 7) 1:8:0.5:10 (ratio 6) and 1:4:1:5 (proportion 5), the 4 optimal proportions have a synergistic effect relative to a single volatile matter, can efficiently repel the insects, effectively reduce the sources of the insect gall thrips at the periphery and inside of the ficus plants, and provide support for reducing the occurrence and harm of the insect gall thrips and reducing the use amount of chemical pesticides and realizing green, efficient and sustainable prevention and control of the insects.
TABLE 6 repellent effect of repellent on insect gall thrips (%)
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed in the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the description of the method part.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (6)
1. The specific repellent for preventing and controlling insect gall thrips on ficus plants is characterized in that repellent components of the repellent comprise, by mass, 1-2% of trans-alpha-bergamotene, 4-8% of cis-alpha-bergamotene, 0.5-1% of trans-11-methyl octadecenoate, 5-10% of cholest-3, 5-diene and the balance of slow-release solvent triethyl citrate.
2. The specific repellent for controlling insect gall thrips on ficus plants according to claim 1, wherein the repellent ingredients comprise, by mass fraction, trans-alpha-bergamotene 1%, cis-alpha-bergamotene 4%, trans-11-octadecenoic acid methyl ester 1%, cholest-3, 5-diene 5%, and the balance being slow-release solvent triethyl citrate.
3. An obligatory repellent for the control of insect gall thrips on ficus plants according to claim 1, characterized in that said repellent ingredients comprise, in mass fraction, trans- α -bergamotene 1%, cis- α -bergamotene 8%, trans-11-octadecenoic acid methyl ester 0.5% and cholest-3,5-diene 10%, the balance being slow-release solvent triethyl citrate.
4. An obligatory repellent for the control of insect gall thrips on ficus plants according to claim 1, characterized in that said repellent ingredients comprise, in mass fraction, trans- α -bergamotene 2%, cis- α -bergamotene 4%, trans-11-octadecenoic acid methyl ester 1% and cholest-3,5-diene 10%, the balance being slow-release solvent triethyl citrate.
5. An obligatory repellent for the control of insect gall thrips on ficus plants according to claim 1, characterized in that said repellent ingredients comprise, in mass fraction, trans- α -bergamotene 2%, cis- α -bergamotene 8%, trans-11-octadecenoic acid methyl ester 0.5% and cholest-3,5-diene 5%, balance slow-release solvent triethyl citrate.
6. Use of an obligate repellent according to anyone of claims 1 to 5, for the control of thrips goerini on ficus plants.
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| CN102630454B (en) * | 2012-04-11 | 2013-03-06 | 福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Integrated prevention and control method for dominant thrips of potted ficus microcarpa |
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