CN113758332B - Immersed liquid cooling capillary core energy conversion self-driven phase change heat dissipation device - Google Patents

Immersed liquid cooling capillary core energy conversion self-driven phase change heat dissipation device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113758332B
CN113758332B CN202111095537.7A CN202111095537A CN113758332B CN 113758332 B CN113758332 B CN 113758332B CN 202111095537 A CN202111095537 A CN 202111095537A CN 113758332 B CN113758332 B CN 113758332B
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heat dissipation
capillary core
condensation
shaft
phase change
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CN113758332A (en
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张永海
刘万渤
杨小平
魏进家
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Xian Jiaotong University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/04—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure
    • F28D15/046—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure characterised by the material or the construction of the capillary structure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • F28F13/12—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by creating turbulence, e.g. by stirring, by increasing the force of circulation
    • F28F13/125—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by creating turbulence, e.g. by stirring, by increasing the force of circulation by stirring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/2029—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant with phase change in electronic enclosures
    • H05K7/20336—Heat pipes, e.g. wicks or capillary pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D2015/0291—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes comprising internal rotor means, e.g. turbine driven by the working fluid

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an immersed liquid cooling capillary core energy conversion self-driven phase change heat dissipation device, which comprises a copper-based heat dissipation module, an inwards concave boiling capillary core, a condensation shaft, a paddle, a bearing and an outer cavity; copper base heat dissipation module includes the circular shape base, and the central point of base puts and is provided with the boss that the cross section is the square, it is provided with a plurality of isosceles right triangular prisms to be central symmetry on the boss, the base is fixed on the bottom surface of outer cavity, the fixed surface chip that generates heat under the base, be provided with indent boiling capillary core on the boss, the central point of indent boiling capillary core puts and is provided with the recess of four pyramid shapes, indent boiling capillary core utilizes the sintering of micron order spherical copper particle to form, outer cavity is inside to be provided with a plurality of condensation axles side by side, the both ends of condensation axle are passed through the bearing and are connected with the lateral wall of outer cavity, the outside symmetry of condensation axle is provided with a plurality of paddles, the top of outer cavity is provided with the fluid infusion mouth.

Description

Immersed liquid cooling capillary core energy conversion self-driven phase change heat dissipation device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of micro-space sintering structure enhanced phase change heat transfer in micron heat transfer science, in particular to an immersed liquid cooling capillary core energy conversion self-driven phase change heat dissipation device.
Background
The emergence of high-power and high-performance electronic components has led to a rapid advance in information technology, aerospace and high-end manufacturing technologies, but the high temperature generated during operation of the high-power and high-performance electronic components can obviously reduce the working efficiency, and can lead to technical failure of the whole equipment in serious cases, while the traditional active or passive liquid cooling technology cannot be used in the face of problems of boiling instability, local hot spot frequency and the like. The invention provides a high-temperature sintering method by filling copper powder into the inner channel of the microchannel, so that the compact capillary core is attached to two sides of the copper-based microchannel, the cooling working medium can be vigorously vaporized by utilizing the abundant nucleation sites on the surface of the copper powder, the surface temperature of the electronic component is controlled in a reasonable working interval, and the advantages of high working medium utilization rate, high heat transfer coefficient and the like of the copper-based heat dissipation device become a heat dissipation solution of high-heat-flow products with great potential. In addition, when the copper-based heat dissipation device is applied, the air column of the copper-based heat dissipation device can violently impact the wall surface of the cooling cavity to increase the abrasion risk, the condensation coefficient of the condensation end is not obviously improved, and the heat generated in the system cannot be timely output.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an immersed liquid cooling capillary core energy conversion self-driven phase change heat dissipation device, which overcomes the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an immersed liquid-cooling capillary core energy conversion self-driven phase change heat dissipation device comprises a copper-based heat dissipation module, an inwards concave boiling capillary core, a condensation shaft, a blade, a bearing and an outer cavity;
copper base heat dissipation module includes the circular shape base, and the central point of base puts and is provided with the boss that the cross section is the square, it is provided with a plurality of isosceles right triangular prisms to be central symmetry on the boss, the base is fixed on the bottom surface of outer cavity, the fixed surface chip that generates heat under the base, be provided with indent boiling capillary core on the boss, the central point of indent boiling capillary core puts and is provided with the recess of four pyramid shapes, indent boiling capillary core utilizes the sintering of micron order spherical copper particle to form, outer cavity is inside to be provided with a plurality of condensation axles side by side, the both ends of condensation axle are passed through the bearing and are connected with the lateral wall of outer cavity, the outside symmetry of condensation axle is provided with a plurality of paddles, the top of outer cavity is provided with the fluid infusion mouth.
The copper-based heat dissipation module is fixed on the bottom surface of the outer cavity, and the lower surface of the copper-based heat dissipation module is in contact with the surface of the heating chip through a layer of thin heat-conducting silicone grease, so that heat flow of the heating chip is conducted to the surface of the upper micro-channel through the copper-based heat dissipation module. The concave boiling capillary core is positioned above the copper-based heat dissipation module and is formed by sintering micron-sized spherical copper particles, the inside of the concave boiling capillary core and the micro-channel above the copper-based heat dissipation module are sintered into a whole, and the adjacent cooling working medium is fully subjected to phase change through abundant nucleation sites on the surfaces of the particles to form a continuous and stable upper air-charging column. The blade is formed by cutting and processing a condensation ring and is a core component under the thrust of bubbles. High-speed cooling gas is introduced into the condensation shaft, heat accumulated in the immersion cavity can be taken away in time, liquid in the cavity can be disturbed by the rapid rotation of the outside of the condensation shaft under the thrust action of the steam column, and the two ends of the condensation shaft are fixed on the bearing to reduce the friction resistance between the shaft and the wall surface during circular motion.
Further, the diameter Φ of the base1-1Is 22mm and has a thickness l1-1Is 1 mm; height l of the boss1-2Is 2mm in length and width1-7Are all 10 mm; the boss is centrosymmetrically provided with 8 isosceles right triangular prisms, and the right-angle side length l of each isosceles right triangular prism1-6Is 1.5mm, height l1-32mm as shown in fig. 3-1 and 3-2.
Further, the length and width of the bottom surface of the concave boiling capillary core are consistent with those of the lug boss; total thickness l of the concave boiling wick1-43.5mm, the maximum depth l of the quadrangular pyramid-shaped grooves1-52mm as shown in fig. 3-1.
Further, the paddle is formed by annularly cutting and processing a condensation shaft, and the thickness l of the paddle2-1Is 1mm, and the paddle is bent into a radius R under the extrusion of the shaping roller2-1The radian is 2.5mm, and 8 blades are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the condensation shaft, as shown in figure 4-1 and figure 4-2.
Furthermore, the condensation shaft is formed by welding a hollow pipe in the middle with shaft seals at two ends and a nested shaft, and the diameter phi of the inner wall of the nested shaft at two ends2-12mm, outer wall diameter phi2-2Is 3 mm; diameter phi of inner wall of hollow tube2-3Is 8mm, and the diameter of the outer wall is phi2-4Is 12 mm; inner diameter of shaft seal and diameter phi of inner wall of nested shaft2-1The same outer diameter as the diameter phi of the outer wall of the hollow tube2-4Same as shown in FIG. 4-1；
The paddle is arranged on the outer side of the hollow pipe, and the length l of the hollow pipe2-220mm, the outer surfaces of the shaft seals at both ends are spaced from each other by a distance of l2-124mm, total length of condensation axis l2-334mm as shown in FIG. 4-2;
threads are processed on the inner side of the hollow pipe.
Further, the bearing is composed of an inner rotor and an outer stator; maximum size l of nested shaft hole positioning area on inner rotor3-13.3mm, and has a chamfer extending to phi3-1At the position of 4mm, the outer diameter phi of the rotor3-2Is 7 mm; outside stator bore diameter phi3-37.5mm, outer diameter phi3-510mm with a chamfer extending to phi3-4At 8 mm;
total thickness of bearing3-45mm, and chamfer extending to the maximum thickness l outside the rotor3-23mm, a chamfer extending to the maximum thickness l outside the stator3-3At 4mm, as shown in fig. 5-1 and 5-2.
Further, the outer cavity is a hollow cuboid with a wall thickness l4-1All are 2mm and have an outer surface dimension of l4-2×l4-2×l4-3 wherein l4-2Is 40mm, l4-336mm as shown in figure 6.
Furthermore, two condensation shafts are arranged in the outer cavity side by side, bearing holes for mounting bearings are formed in the side wall of the outer cavity, and the central distance l between the two bearing holes in the same side wall of the outer cavity4-515mm, the height l between the center of the two bearing holes and the bottom surface4-4Is 23 mm.
Further, the bottom surface of outer cavity is provided with the fixed mouth of heat dissipation module, the base is connected with the fixed mouth cooperation of heat dissipation module.
Further, the concave boiling capillary wick forming process is as follows: filling aerosol spherical red copper particles with the particle size of 70 +/-10 microns into the upper surface of the copper-based heat dissipation module, and then sending the aerosol spherical red copper particles and the copper-based heat dissipation module into a graphite nesting mold to be sintered and molded at one time in a high-temperature heating furnace.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the bottom surface of the copper-based heat dissipation device is circular, so that heat can be transferred along the axial direction after being uniformly distributed in the horizontal direction, and the submillimeter-level micro-channel is processed above the copper-based heat dissipation device to increase the contact area and strength with the inwards concave boiling capillary core, so that the thermal contact resistance between the copper-based heat dissipation device and the inwards concave boiling capillary core can be greatly reduced. The surface of an inwards concave boiling capillary core formed by sintering micron-sized spherical particles has double functions of micro-nano structure liquid absorption and storage and providing abundant nucleation sites to promote phase change, the inwards concave shape is favorable for quickly separating from bubbles generated in a phase change area with the most concentrated heat near a micro channel of a copper-based heat dissipation module, the bubbles separated from the upper surface are also favorable for concentrated coalescence to the inner side of a groove, and larger kinetic energy is provided for an upper air column to facilitate pushing the rotation of a condensation shaft.
Two ends of the condensing shaft are fixed in the bearings to reduce the friction resistance on rotation. Starting from the mechanism of energy conversion and comprehensive utilization, when the heat energy generated by the chip is converted into the kinetic energy of floating bubbles, the kinetic energy of the working medium is required to be converted into the mechanical energy of paddle rotation continuously, and then the kinetic energy of the working medium is cooled at two sides of the cavity body through paddle rotation to increase the wetting effect of the working medium of each heat exchange surface of the inwards concave boiling capillary core on the wall surface of the bubbles, and the pool boiling in the cavity can be changed into flowing boiling through the periodic flow of fluid in the cavity, so that the timely separation of the bubbles on the heat exchange surface is further promoted, and the convection Heat Transfer Coefficient (HTC) and the critical heat flow density (CHF) of the heat exchange surface are improved.
Furthermore, on the basis of a phase-change bubble condensation performance mechanism, on one hand, the inside of the unique bending structure of the paddle can achieve the double advantages of breaking large-volume bubble groups, increasing the contact area of the bubble groups and supercooled liquid, collecting partial bubbles, increasing the contact area of the bubble groups and the outer surface of the condensation shaft and the like, the heat exchange coefficient of a cooling end is obviously improved, and the heat exchange capacity of the inner side and the outer side of the condensation shaft is enhanced; on the other hand, the threads are machined on the inner surface of the condensation shaft, so that a rotating centrifugal force is generated when gas flows through the condensation shaft, the volume of vapor bubbles shrinks when the paddle side condenses, a cooling working medium with higher pressure nearby provides a vertical driving force for the paddle when filling a low-pressure region, and under the combined action of the inner side centrifugal force and the outer side driving force, the paddle can rapidly rotate along the condensation shaft, so that the cooling working medium disturbance near the heat exchange surface of the inwards concave boiling capillary core is increased, and CHF and HTC of the heat exchange surface are further improved.
Furthermore, the invention can solve the problem of high heat flow density of 300-2The above heat dissipation requirements.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
Fig. 1-1 is a schematic front view of an appearance of an immersion type liquid cooling capillary core energy conversion self-driven phase change heat dissipation device according to the present invention;
fig. 1-2 are schematic side views of the external appearance of an immersion type liquid cooling capillary core energy conversion self-driven phase change heat dissipation device according to the present invention;
fig. 1-3 are perspective views illustrating an appearance of an immersion type liquid cooling capillary core energy conversion self-driven phase change heat dissipation device according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is an exploded view of an immersed liquid cooling capillary core energy conversion self-driven phase change heat dissipation device of the present invention;
fig. 3-1 is a front view of a copper-based heat dissipation module and a concave boiling wick according to the present invention;
fig. 3-2 is a top view of the copper-based heat dissipation module and the concave boiling wick according to the present invention;
FIG. 4-1 is a front view of a condenser shaft according to the present invention;
FIG. 4-2 is a side view of the condensation shaft of the present invention;
FIG. 5-1 is a front view of a bearing of the present invention;
FIG. 5-2 is a side view of the bearing of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a side view of the outer chamber of the present invention taken along the axis of symmetry.
The method comprises the following steps of 1, a copper-based heat dissipation module; 2. an internally concave boiling wick; 3. a condensing shaft; 4. a paddle; 5. a bearing; 6. an outer cavity; 7. a fluid infusion port; 8. a bearing bore; 9. a heat dissipation module fixing port.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the invention are described in further detail below:
an immersed liquid cooling capillary core energy conversion self-driven phase change heat dissipation device is shown in figures 1-1, 1-2, 1-3 and 2 and comprises a copper-based heat dissipation module 1, an inwards concave boiling capillary core 2, a condensation shaft 3, a paddle 4, a bearing 5 and an outer cavity 6. The surface of the outer cavity 6 is distributed with a fluid infusion port 7, a bearing hole 8 and a heat radiation module fixing port 9.
The core structure of the device is divided into two parts: the surface structure enhanced heat transfer part represented by the copper-based heat dissipation module 1 and the concave boiling capillary core 2 and the energy conversion and power auxiliary heat transfer part mainly comprising the condensation shaft 3, the paddle 4 and the bearing 5.
The surface structure enhanced heat transfer part of the invention significantly improves the convective Heat Transfer Coefficient (HTC) and the critical heat flux density (CHF) of the heat dissipation surface mainly by significantly increasing the number of vaporization cores and the convective heat transfer area required by the nucleation boiling of the heat transfer surface. In addition, the micron-sized particle gap is beneficial to the entering of a capillary pump driving cooling working medium and the separation of phase change bubbles, so that heat flow generated on the surface of the chip is transferred out of the heat exchange surface through violent phase change under the lower wall surface superheat degree, and the working temperature of the chip is stably kept in a reasonable range. The design of the quadrangular pyramid-shaped groove of the concave boiling capillary core 2 is not only beneficial to the separation of a gas-liquid channel for replenishing liquid at the outer edge of the capillary core and overflowing bubbles at the center, but also can gather the bubbles generated on the heat exchange surface to the central shaft, and more efficiently promote the operation of the energy conversion and power auxiliary heat transfer part above the capillary core.
The energy conversion and power auxiliary heat transfer part of the invention fully converts and releases the kinetic energy and the internal energy of phase-change bubbles by methods of mechanical rotation, increasing the contact area of the bubbles and a condensation wall surface and the like, and the bubble column gathered on the axis pushes part of the blades 4 to rotate, so as to drive the condensation shaft 3 and the rotor part of the bearing 5 to rotate, and the other parts of the blades 4 convert the shaft kinetic energy into the kinetic energy of a cooling working medium, in addition, because the blades 4 strengthen the contact between the bubbles and the condensation surface, the bubbles shrink in volume to generate pressure difference while improving the condensation efficiency, so that the surrounding liquid is quickly filled in a low-pressure area to impact the blades 4 to rotate. When the paddle 4 rotates, the liquid with lower temperature at the bottom of the cavity is continuously supplied to the heat exchange surface of the inwards concave boiling capillary core 2, the wettability inside the capillary core is improved through negative feedback adjustment, and the heat exchange performance of the surface of the capillary core under the flowing of the liquid is further improved.
In addition, the inlet and outlet ends of the condensation shaft 3 are different from the cross section of the internal spiral flow channel, so that the volume of high-speed cooling gas flowing in the shaft expands to absorb heat, and the thread design on the inner surface of the condensation shaft 3 increases the contact effect of the cooling gas and the inner wall of the shaft on one hand, and avoids the accumulation of working medium heat in a cooling cavity; on the other hand, the cooling gas flows along the inner wall, and the resultant force can be generated to promote the rotation of the condensation shaft 3. Therefore, the device can meet the high heat flow density heat dissipation requirement under the normal/micro-gravity condition through various optimization and overall design and matching of the surface structure enhanced heat transfer part and the energy conversion and power auxiliary heat transfer part.
According to the invention, micro copper powder is filled on the outer surface of the micro channel of the copper-based heat dissipation module 1, and the micro channel is fed into a high-temperature sintering surface under the clamping of a special graphite mold for sintering and shaping to obtain the micron-sized porous copper-based heat dissipation structure (the combination of the copper-based heat dissipation module 1 and the concave boiling capillary core 2), so that the relative separation of phase change vapor-liquid channels of the heat dissipation structure can be realized under the condition of lower thermal resistance and heat retardation, and the violent phase change of a cooling working medium is beneficial to realizing high heat flow transfer under the condition of lower wall surface superheat degree, and the heat dissipation structure has good integration degree and high heat transfer efficiency. And then, the cooling working medium is subjected to violent phase change on the surface of the copper-based heat dissipation structure to form an upper air column, the paddle 4 is pushed to rotate quickly to promote liquid in the immersion cavity to flow, and cold fluid in the cavity is promoted to supplement to the surface of the copper-based heat dissipation structure, so that the problems that the temperature and pressure fluctuation in the immersion cavity is large, the cooling working medium is not supplemented uniformly and sufficiently, the condensation coefficient of a condensation end is low and the like commonly existing at present are solved. The invention obviously improves the phase change heat exchange capability and the working stability of the device under medium and high heat flows by enhancing the liquid supplementing effect of the heat exchange surface, reducing the gas overflow resistance, increasing the number of boiling nucleation sites and the like.
The technical solutions of the present invention are described below clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention develops an immersed liquid cooling capillary core energy conversion self-driven phase change heat dissipation device based on a boiling phase change efficient heat exchange principle and an energy conversion and efficient utilization principle from the aspects of optimizing a liquid supplement mechanism, reasonably distributing a gas-liquid flow channel separation condition, improving condensation efficiency and the like. The concave boiling capillary core 2 is formed by filling 70 +/-10 mu m micron-sized spherical copper particles in a nested graphite die with a specific shape through one-step sintering, the inner surface of the concave boiling capillary core 2 can be tightly contacted with the micro-channel on the upper surface of the copper-based heat dissipation module 1, the copper-based heat dissipation module is sent into a high-temperature atmosphere resistance furnace for sintering, the surface energy of the spherical particles can be partially released, and the thermal resistance of the joint surface of the concave boiling capillary core and the copper-based heat dissipation module is greatly reduced.
Meanwhile, aiming at the problems that the critical heat flux density (CHF) and the convective Heat Transfer Coefficient (HTC) are low, the wall surface superheat degree far exceeds the reasonable working temperature of the chip and the like in the traditional pool boiling process when the chip actually works, the condensing shaft 3 and the paddle 4 are arranged above the copper-based heat dissipation module 1 and the inwards concave boiling capillary core 2, when the heat flux of the chip continuously rises, a strong steam column is formed on the upper surface of the inwards concave boiling capillary core 2 in the vertical direction, the paddle 4 is pushed to rotate at a high speed, the rising kinetic energy of bubbles is converted into the rotating kinetic energy of the condensing shaft 3 and the paddle 4, and the fluid at other parts in the pool is driven to converge towards the heat exchange surface, so that the heat exchange efficiency and the heat exchange capacity of the inwards concave boiling capillary core 2 can be effectively increased, and the potential evaporation heat exchange capacity and the liquid capillary pumping capacity of the capillary core can be improved. In addition, the rotation of the blades 4 is beneficial to crushing steam clusters with larger volume into small bubbles with smaller volume, and the contact area between the phase change bubbles and the condensing shaft 3 is effectively increased, so that the heat dissipation with high heat flux density is further realized. In addition, the inner part of the bent structure of the paddle can be fully contacted with part of bubbles, so that the bubbles have sufficient time and area for condensation, a low-pressure area generated by the reduction of the volume of the bubbles is also beneficial to supplement of surrounding cooling working media, and the working media impact the surface of the paddle 3 to help the paddle to rotate in an accelerated manner.
The invention utilizes the volume expansion heat absorption characteristic of high-speed gas, designs the condensation shaft 3 into the characteristics of narrow inlet and outlet and wide heat exchange section of the inner surface, and processes a thread structure on the inner surface of the condensation shaft to further increase the contact area between cooling gas and the inner surface of the condensation shaft 3, and partial gas can move along the thread direction and also can assist the movement of the power shaft. The inside and outside design of the condensation shaft 3 also ensures that the condensation shaft is in a high-efficiency condensation state, so that the heat accumulated in the cavity can be transferred to the cooling gas in time to be taken out of the system.
After all the parts are ready, the surface structure enhanced heat transfer part is inserted into the heat dissipation part fixing port 9 on the bottom surface of the outer cavity 6 and bonded, and the bearing 5 is installed in the bearing hole 8. After the condensation shaft 3 is installed, the air tightness condition in the cavity is checked, and specified cooling working media are filled from a liquid supplementing port 7 above the outer cavity 6.
Specifically, the manufacturing process of the device of the invention is as follows:
1. copper-based heat dissipation module 1: clamping the cut cylindrical block on a CNC (computerized numerical control) precision machine tool, and trimming, slotting, polishing and leveling the upper surface of the heat dissipation module by a manipulator to produce a millimeter-scale micro-channel meeting the requirements.
2. Concave boiling wick 2: the copper-based heat dissipation module 1 is embedded into a special graphite die, fixed, filled with red copper powder with the average particle diameter of 70 +/-10 mu m prepared by an aerosol method, the upper surface of the red copper powder is flattened, then inserted into a conical graphite block and compressed, then placed into a high-temperature resistance furnace for vacuumizing, started to carry out nitrogen protection heating, gradually heated to 900 ℃ and kept for 60 minutes, a hearth power supply is turned off to naturally cool a combination of the copper-based heat dissipation module 1 and the inwards concave boiling capillary core 2, and the furnace door can be opened to take out the combination when the temperature is reduced to below 100 ℃.
3. The condensation shaft 3: a red copper tube blank with the size meeting the requirement is clamped on a lathe, a special screw tap is used for machining an ordinary fine thread M8 multiplied by 1.25mm in the red copper tube blank, then the two end enclosures of the red copper tube blank are machined and formed through rough turning, finish turning, drilling, finish milling and other operations, and then the red copper tube and the two end enclosures are fixed and formed through a high-speed rotating friction welding method.
4. The paddle 4: and horizontally placing and fixing the prepared finished product of the condensation shaft 3 on a movable workbench, driving an inclined cutter to reciprocate by an oil press through a cam, and uniformly cutting 8 fins along the tangent line of the outer side of the condensation shaft 3. And the inner and outer rollers are used for bending the paddle by a certain angle, so that the rotating resistance is reduced, and the air bubbles are easier to store in the inner part of the paddle.
5. Bearing 5: the bearing 5 is an electromagnetic bearing and structurally comprises a stator and a rotor which are machined by a professional machine tool by adopting a magnetic field repulsive polarized material.
6. Two condensation shafts 3 are nested into the bearings 5, and the four outermost stators of the bearings 5 are fixed in bearing holes 8 in the outer cavity 6. The combination of the copper-based heat dissipation module 1 and the concave boiling capillary core 2 is inserted into the heat dissipation module fixing opening 9 from the lower part and is bonded with the outer cavity 6 into a whole by using temperature-resistant glue.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (9)

1. An immersed liquid cooling capillary core energy conversion self-driven phase change heat dissipation device is characterized by comprising a copper-based heat dissipation module (1), an inwards concave boiling capillary core (2), a condensation shaft (3), a paddle (4), a bearing (5) and an outer cavity (6);
the copper base heat dissipation module (1) comprises a circular base, a boss with a square cross section is arranged at the center of the base, a plurality of isosceles right triangular prisms are symmetrically arranged on the boss, the base is fixed on the bottom surface of the outer cavity (6), a heating chip is fixed on the lower surface of the base, an inwards concave boiling capillary core (2) is arranged on the boss, a groove with a quadrangular pyramid shape is arranged at the center of the inwards concave boiling capillary core (2), the inwards concave boiling capillary core (2) is formed by sintering micron-sized spherical copper particles, a plurality of condensation shafts (3) communicated with cooling gas are arranged inside the outer cavity (6) side by side, two ends of the condensation shafts (3) are connected with the side wall of the outer cavity (6) through bearings (5), a plurality of paddles (4) are symmetrically arranged outside the condensation shafts (3), the top of the outer cavity (6) is provided with a fluid infusion port (7);
the forming process of the concave boiling capillary core (2) comprises the following steps: and filling aerosol spherical red copper particles with the particle size of 70 +/-10 mu m into the upper surface of the copper-based heat dissipation module (1), and then feeding the aerosol spherical red copper particles and the copper-based heat dissipation module into a high-temperature heating furnace in a graphite nested die for one-step sintering molding.
2. An immersed liquid-cooled capillary wick energy-conversion self-driven phase-change heat dissipation device as recited in claim 1, wherein the diameter Φ of the base is1-1Is 22mm and has a thickness l1-1Is 1 mm; height l of the boss1-2Is 2mm in length and width1-7Are all 10 mm; the boss is centrally symmetrically provided with 8 isosceles right triangular prisms, and the right-angle side length l of each isosceles right triangular prism1-6Is 1.5mm, height l1-3Is 2 mm.
3. An immersed liquid cooling capillary wick energy conversion self-driven phase change heat dissipation device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the length and width dimensions of the bottom surface of the concave boiling capillary wick (2) are consistent with those of the boss; the total thickness l of the concave boiling capillary core (2)1-43.5mm, the maximum depth l of the quadrangular pyramid-shaped grooves1-5Is 2 mm.
4. An immersed liquid-cooled capillary core energy conversion self-driven phase change heat dissipation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the paddle (4) is formed by circularly cutting the condensation shaft (3), and the thickness l of the paddle (4) is2-1Is 1mm, and the paddle (4) is bent into a radius R under the extrusion of the shaping roller2-1The radian of the condensing shaft is 2.5mm, and 8 blades (4) are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the condensing shaft (3).
5. An immersed liquid cooling capillary core energy conversion self-driven phase change heat dissipation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the condensation shaft (3) is formed by welding a hollow pipe in the middle with shaft seals at two ends and a nested shaft, and the diameter phi of the inner wall of the nested shaft at two ends is2-12mm, outer wall diameter phi2-2Is 3 mm; diameter phi of inner wall of hollow tube2-3Is 8mm, and the diameter of the outer wall is phi2-4Is 12 mm; inner diameter of shaft seal and diameter phi of inner wall of nested shaft2-1The same outer diameter as the diameter phi of the outer wall of the hollow tube2-4The same;
the paddle (4) is arranged on the outer side of the hollow pipe, and the length l of the hollow pipe2-220mm, the outer surfaces of the shaft seals at both ends are spaced from each other by a distance of l2-124mm, total length l of the condensation shaft (3)2-3Is 34 mm;
and threads are processed on the inner side of the hollow pipe.
6. An immersed liquid cooling capillary core energy conversion self-driven phase change heat dissipation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bearing (5) is composed of an inner rotor and an outer stator; maximum size l of nested shaft hole positioning area on inner rotor3-13.3mm, and has a chamfer extending to phi3-1At the position of 4mm, the outer diameter phi of the rotor3-2Is 7 mm; outside stator bore diameter phi3-37.5mm, outer diameter phi3-510mm with a chamfer extending to phi3-4At 8 mm;
the total thickness of the bearing (5) is l3-45mm, a chamfer extending to a maximum thickness l outside the rotor3-23mm, a chamfer extending to the maximum thickness l outside the stator3-3Is 4 mm.
7. An immersed liquid-cooled capillary core energy conversion self-driven phase change heat dissipation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer cavity (6) is a hollow cuboid with a wall thickness l4-1All are 2mm and have an outer surface dimension of l4-2×l4-2×l4-3 wherein l4-2Is 40mm, l4-3Is 36 mm.
8. An immersed liquid cooling capillary core energy conversion self-driven phase change heat dissipation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein two condensation shafts (3) are arranged in the outer cavity (6) side by side, a bearing hole (8) for mounting a bearing (5) is formed in the side wall of the outer cavity (6), and two bearing holes (8) are formed in the same side wall of the outer cavity (6)) Center-to-center spacing l4-515mm, the height l between the center of the two bearing holes (8) and the bottom surface4-4Is 23 mm.
9. An immersed liquid cooling capillary core energy conversion self-driven phase change heat dissipation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a heat dissipation module fixing port (9) is formed in the bottom surface of the outer cavity (6), and the base is connected with the heat dissipation module fixing port (9) in a matched mode.
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