CN113751410B - 一种高耐蚀易焊接热压零部件的热浴成形工艺 - Google Patents

一种高耐蚀易焊接热压零部件的热浴成形工艺 Download PDF

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CN113751410B
CN113751410B CN202111073382.7A CN202111073382A CN113751410B CN 113751410 B CN113751410 B CN 113751410B CN 202111073382 A CN202111073382 A CN 202111073382A CN 113751410 B CN113751410 B CN 113751410B
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hot
boiling water
parts
weight percent
forming process
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CN113751410A (zh
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刘培星
郝亮
陈钢
高兴昌
高鹏
金光宇
侯晓英
汤化胜
孙卫华
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SD Steel Rizhao Co Ltd
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SD Steel Rizhao Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202111073382.7A priority Critical patent/CN113751410B/zh
Publication of CN113751410A publication Critical patent/CN113751410A/zh
Priority to KR1020237038798A priority patent/KR20230170043A/ko
Priority to JP2023565621A priority patent/JP2024522002A/ja
Priority to DE112022001581.0T priority patent/DE112022001581T5/de
Priority to PCT/CN2022/097757 priority patent/WO2023040369A1/zh
Priority to GB2318204.1A priority patent/GB2621778A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
    • B08B3/10—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration
    • B08B3/106—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration by boiling the liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
    • B08B3/10—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration
    • B08B3/12—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration by sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
    • B21D22/022—Stamping using rigid devices or tools by heating the blank or stamping associated with heat treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
    • B32B15/013—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of a metal other than iron or aluminium
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    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
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    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
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    • C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
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    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
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    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
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    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
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    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
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    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
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    • C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
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    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
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    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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    • C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
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    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/34—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
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  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明提供一种高耐蚀易焊接热压零部件的热浴成形工艺，涉及薄板热冲压、钣金零部件制造领域。其工艺包括以下步骤：S1、镀层热成形钢板料在加热炉中加热，加热至完全奥氏体化状态；S2、加热后的镀层热成形钢板料转移至沸水箱中，浸没在沸水中，清洗氧化层；S3、镀层热成形钢板料在沸水和上下模具的共同作用下成形、保压并淬火，得到零部件；S4、取出零部件进行吹风或在干燥炉中干燥处理，去除零部件镀层中的水分。本发明提供的工艺将板料浸没在沸水中，借助沸水与热板料之间产生的气泡均匀可控清除表面氧化层，并均匀准确控制板料的成形温度，同时在沸水中进行成形和淬火，可提高零部件的生产质量，提升模具的使用寿命，节约生产成本。

Description

一种高耐蚀易焊接热压零部件的热浴成形工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及薄板热冲压、钣金零部件制造领域，具体涉及一种高耐蚀易焊接热压零部件的热浴成形工艺。
背景技术
热冲压成形工艺过程中主要工序为：坯料加热—冲压成形并淬火—激光修边，抛丸。热冲压成形技术由于成形力小、零件回弹小、成形后零件强度高等优点，而获得广泛应用；然而裸板和Al-Si镀层板热成形零部件因缺少阴极保护，零部件服役过程中切边位置会提前腐蚀，尤其是下车体零部件，如门槛梁等。
由于镀锌层熔点低(纯Zn的熔点仅有400℃左右)，基体材料奥氏体化温度高(850-900℃)；而在直接热成形过程中，镀层温度越低越好(650℃以下)，而基体温度越高越好(750℃以上)。对于传统22MnB5型基体材料，成形温度降低(650℃以上)会产生铁素体，导致强度不够；对于镀锌层材料成形温度高(如，780℃)会导致拉应力变形过程中镀层中液化相侵入奥氏体晶界导致基体开裂，即液化金属诱导脆性(LMIE)现象。因此，对于镀锌热成形钢，镀层和基体是一个矛盾。目前解决的途径主要是两种工艺路线，无拉应力变形和降低成形温度。
无拉应力变形，如预成型工艺，主要工序为：先冷冲压成形为零部件—零部件加热奥氏体化—保压淬火—抛丸。该种工艺零部件已经提前发生形变，加热后的零部转移至模具中只淬火，无拉应力变形；故不发生液化金属诱导脆性(LMIE)现象；但该工艺中零部件需要提前冷冲压成形，零部件在炉膛内加热，成本高、自动化复杂。
降低成形温度，如提前冷却，主要工序为：加热后的板料先进行冷却(采用介质气体、干冰等)—成形—保压淬火；然而该种方法自动化控制难度大，板料降温过程及温度控制难度大；且均匀清除零部件表面氧化层难度较大。
中国专利CN106795578 A公开了一种《用于中间冷却钢板的方法》，该方法中采用“干冰、干雪或含有干冰颗粒的气流”对表面进行喷射，从而实现镀锌钢板表面氧化层清理和板料温度的降低；钢板表面氧化层的清洗力量来源于外力高压“喷射”冲击力。该方法难以实现均匀清洗表面氧化层，并均匀控制板料成形温度；自动化控制难度大；且需要预制“干冰、干雪等颗粒”，生产成本较高。
中国专利CN101821429A公开了一种《通过低水压水喷射进行金属带二次除磷的方法及设备》，该方法中描述热轧钢坯在轧制过程中，“粗轧工序”和“精轧工序”之间采用高压水喷射钢坯表面，清除钢坯表面的氧化层；此环节钢坯厚度常规为80-200mm，厚度比较大，氧化层厚度常规100um-1mm；不适合1um左右超薄镀锌氧化层，容易将镀层整体清洗，室温水会将薄板将至室温(1.5mm厚热钢板在室温水中的冷却速率是500-1000℃/s)，板料温度难以控制。
中国专利CN107922988A公开了一种《非接触式冷却钢板的方法以及用于该方法的设备》，该方法中采用矩阵管进行气冷，容易造成板料冷却温度不均匀，自动化控制难度大，且无法对加热后材料表面氧化层进行清洗；
中国专利CN107127238 A公开了一种《一种锌系镀覆钢板或钢带的热冲压成型方法》，该方法中通过热板料切边工序降低镀层板料的成形温度；然而切边工序难以保证材料的温度均匀冷却，切边位置冷速速率较低，其它位置温度高；自动化控制难度大。
因此开发一种成本低、高耐蚀、易焊接、均匀可控清除氧化层、均匀可控冷却温度的热成形工艺极其重要。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术中的不足，尤其极薄表面氧化层难以均匀可控清洗、预冷温度难以控制等问题，从而提供一种高耐蚀易焊接热压零部件的热浴成形工艺，平衡镀层的成形温度和基体的成形温度，将板料浸没在沸水中，借助沸水与热板料之间产生的气泡均匀可控清除钢板表面氧化层，并均匀准确控制板料的成形温度。
本发明提供一种高耐蚀易焊接热压零部件的热浴成形工艺，包括以下步骤：
S1、镀层热成形钢板料在加热炉中加热，加热至完全奥氏体化状态；
所述镀层热成形钢板料的镀层包括：GI型镀锌镀层，GA型镀锌镀层、Zn-Al-Mg合金镀层中的任意一种；
S2、加热后的镀层热成形钢板料转移至沸水箱中，浸没在沸水中，清洗氧化层；
S3、镀层热成形钢板料在沸水和上下模具的共同作用下成形、保压并淬火，得到零部件；
S4、取出零部件进行吹风或在干燥炉中干燥处理，去除零部件镀层中的水分。
优选地，步骤S1中，所述加热炉中的气氛氧含量(体积百分比)为5-20％。加热过程中镀层表面氧化，镀层与基体之间的铝元素向镀层表面扩散并形成Al2O3致密层，抑制ZnO厚度；但氧含量过低会导致表层无法形成氧化层，导致锌大部分挥发，镀层热成形钢板料表面耐蚀层丢失；氧含量过高ZnO层过厚影响焊接性能。
加热的镀层热成形钢板料也可以是激光拼焊、补丁板焊接及不等厚轧制板；在保证基体材料充分奥氏体化的前提下，加热时间尽量缩短，防止镀层与基体之间进行过扩散，导致镀层中Zn等耐蚀性元素过低，阴极保护作用降低。加热温度为：850-900℃，板料达到保温时间后保温0.5-4min。
优选地，步骤S2中，所述沸水温度为80-100℃，所述沸水在所述氧化层表面的压力为0-0.1bar。
优选地，所述镀层热成形钢板料在沸水中的深度为3-1000mm。板料浸没在沸水中，其表面会形成蒸气隔热层，板料温度与水之间的传递速度极大降低，1.5mm厚板料竖直状态冷却速度只有30-50℃/s；深度为3-1000mm时，隔热层内压大于钢板在水中的位置所受静水压，从而形成气泡；隔热层破坏，气泡形成过程中会对表面进行清洗，清除表层的Zn0、Al2O3和MnO等氧化物；“隔热层气泡”会不断形成、不断对钢板表面形成清洗效果。板料在沸水中的时间为2-20s，在沸水中的冷却速率均匀可控，容易自动化实施，只需控制板料在沸水中的时间、姿态、位置即可。
进一步地，步骤S2所述沸水中还包括质量分数为0-10％的溶解剂，所述溶解剂包括NaOH。板料在沸水中时间、压力等参数依据氧化层的厚度和零部件的成形性能确定；沸水中可以根据需要添加一定浓度的NaOH等可以加快溶解氧化层的溶解液，零部件干燥处理前要将NaOH清洗掉。
优选地，步骤S3中，所述成形的温度为650-400℃。模具下模在沸水浴中，料片放置在下模上方，压力机下行时带动上摸下行，镀层热成形钢板料在沸水和上下模具的共同作用下成形、保压并实现淬火；成形和保压过程中，模具将钢板表面的隔热层破坏，模具与板料直接接触，板料与模具之间快速换热实现板料淬火。
优选地，步骤S3中，还可将板料自沸水中取出后置于干燥模具中成形、保压并淬火。
优选地，若板料经过加热阶段和沸水浴中清洗阶段后，镀层表面状态不满足后续焊接等工艺，所述方法还包括：在取出零部件进行吹风或在干燥炉中干燥处理之前，零部件移出沸水箱转移至无氧室温水中进行超声波清洗。
进一步地，所述超声波清洗的时间为0.5-5min。
优选地，所述镀层热成形钢板料的原料组分，按质量百分比计，包括：C 0.05-0.35wt％，Si 0.05-0.2wt％，Mn 0.5-2.5wt％，Cr 0-0.3wt％，Mo 0-0.25wt％，Ti 0.02-0.04wt％，Nb 0-0.2wt％，V 0-0.2wt％，B 0.002-0.006wt％，P 0-0.020wt％，S 0-0.003wt％，Al 0.02-0.06wt％，N 0-0.006wt％，其余元素为Fe。
优选地，镀层的厚度为5-30um。
本发明技术方案，具有如下优点：
1、本发明提供的工艺可同时均匀控制氧化层清除过程和板料温度冷却过程；整个控制过程自动化控制容易实施，只需要控制水箱中沸水流动压力(流动速度)、钢板在水中的位置、姿态和时间即可。
2、本发明提供的工艺中钢板表层清除氧化层的力量来源于钢板与沸水之间热量释放，钢板表层沸水汽化并破裂、形成气泡产生的冲击力；周边水流快速移动，快速将氧化物带走；该清洗力量微弱，非常适合1um左右表面氧化层；表面压力过大会将镀层整体清除掉，且氧化层清除不均匀，本发明可以实现“长时间”“低清洗力气泡方式”清除氧化层。
3、本发明提供的工艺便于实际生产，只需将模具置于沸水中，延迟合模时间即可；并且量产过程中，板料温度会不断传递至水中，连续生产过程中沸水浴能耗会大大降低；模具置于沸水中，下模具无需打冷却水道，极大降低了模具的加工制造成本；且模具温度恒定，减低模具热疲劳，减少模具损伤；且成形时镀层已经凝固不再粘模具，模具吸收热量减少，有利于提升模具寿命；可实现板料成型前的清洗，降温等功能；在模具保压过程中实现板料淬火冷却速率降低，改善板料组织性能；还能有效改善低熔点耐蚀涂层的表面氧化层成形时开裂的问题。
4、本工艺中模具在沸水中不会导致模具生锈，因为沸水中氧含量为0，模具材料中Fe元素无法与氧气接触，不会造成模具锈蚀。
5、本工艺的冲压过程在沸水浴中处理，隔绝了板料与氧气之间的接触，避免板料在转移和成形过程中氧化。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明提供的一种高耐蚀易焊接热压零部件的热浴成形工艺的流程示意图；
图2是本发明实施例1中板料在沸水中的冷却过程；其中，A、B分别是板料中心与边部的两点板料冷却实际曲线，冷却过程非常均匀；
图3是本发明实施例1中沸水浴处理的零部件镀层表面形貌；
图4是本发明实施例1中沸水浴处理零部件拐角外侧镀层形貌；
图5是对比例1中传统气冷零部件镀层表面形貌；
图6是对比例2中直接热冲压零部件拐角外侧镀层开裂形貌。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种高耐蚀易焊接热压零部件的热浴成形工艺，如图1所示，包括以下步骤：
S1、板厚1.5mm镀锌热成形钢板料(基体成分包括C 0.18-0.21wt％，Si 0.05-0.2wt％，Mn 1.5-2.2wt％，Cr 0-0.3wt％，Mo 0-0.25wt％，Ti 0.02-0.04wt％，Nb 0-0.1wt％，B 0.002-0.006wt％，P 0-0.020wt％，S 0-0.003wt％，Al 0.02-0.06wt％，N 0-0.006wt％；双GI型面镀锌150g/m2，单侧厚度11um)转移至890℃箱式加热炉中，保温5min，完成奥氏体化；加热炉中中气氛的氧含量(体积分数)为20％。
S2、加热完成后的板料转移至沸水箱中，浸没在沸水中均匀清洗并降温，深度为3-1000mm，沸水温度100℃；钢板在沸水中的停留时间为6s。
S3、由于模具在沸水浴中，只控制液压机合模时间延迟6s，液压机合模(压机合模所需时间为3s)成形并保压淬火；其中，成形前板料在沸水中总时间为9s左右，故成形前板料温度为520-560℃(见图2)。保压时间10s；合模保压力100t(零部件投影面积压强20MPa)。
S4、出水后零部件进行吹风干燥，清除零部件表面的水；即得。
成形后零部件的力学性能(测试标准：GB/T 228.1-2010《金属材料拉伸试验第1部分：室温试验方法》)：抗拉强度1420-16000MPa，断后延伸率5-9％；零部件表面形貌见图3，经沸水浴处理的表面形貌颗粒状，非常均匀，几乎无大面连片氧化层；最终零部件焊接工艺电流窗口为1.1-1.4KA，完全满足目前焊接工艺要求。且镀层无液化开裂现象(图4)；成形淬火后镀锌层中Zn含量32-55％，具有较好的阴极保护作用。
实施例2
一种高耐蚀易焊接热压零部件的热浴成形工艺，包括以下步骤：
S1、板厚1.5mm镀锌热成形钢板料(基体成分包括C 0.05-0.35wt％，Si 0.05-0.2wt％，Mn 0.5-2.5wt％，Cr 0-0.3wt％，Mo 0-0.25wt％，Ti 0.02-0.04wt％，Nb 0-0.2wt％，V 0-0.2wt％，B 0.002-0.006wt％，P 0-0.020wt％，S 0-0.003wt％，Al 0.02-0.06wt％，N 0-0.006wt％，其余元素为Fe；双GA型面镀锌150g/m2，单侧厚度11um)转移至900℃箱式加热炉中，保温5min，完成奥氏体化；加热炉中中气氛的氧含量(体积分数)为20％。
S2、加热完成后的板料转移至沸水箱中，浸没在沸水中均匀清洗并降温，板料深度为3-1000mm，沸水温度80℃；钢板在沸水中的停留时间为6s。
S3、由于模具在沸水浴中，只控制液压机合模时间延迟6s，液压机合模成形并保压淬火；其中，成形前板料在沸水中总时间为9s左右，故成形前板料温度为500-600℃。保压时间10s；合模保压力100t。
S4、出水后零部件转移至无氧室温水中进行超声波清洗，对零部件表面氧化层进行超声波振动清洗，清洗时间0.5-5min，取出进行吹风干燥，清除零部件表面的水，即得。
成形后零部件的力学性能、焊接性能、镀层液化开裂效果与实施例1中相同。
对比例1
采用传统气冷技术(其工艺具体见CN107922988A)生产零部件，其表面形貌如图5所示，表面形貌不均匀，存在大面连片氧化层。
对比例2
采用直接热成形工艺，参见“易红亮,常智渊,才贺龙,等.热冲压成形钢的强度与塑性及断裂应变[J].金属学报,2020,v.56(04):51-65.”，具体工艺：零件板坯首先在加热炉中加热至约930℃形成均匀的全奥氏体组织，机械手将其转移至压机，合模冲压时其温度为700～800℃，冲压成形时为全奥氏体状态，抗拉强度约200MPa、延伸率高于40％。模具中的冷却水系统维持模具表面温度为50～100℃，冲压成形的同时通过模具导热淬火形成全马氏体组织。最后零件装配完成后白车身进行涂装烘烤，在150～180℃保温10～20min，该工艺获得的镀层，液化锌侵入基体40um以上，如图6所示，无法满足服役性能，尤其是疲劳。
显然，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例，而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之中。

Claims (10)

1.一种高耐蚀易焊接热压零部件的热浴成形工艺，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1、镀层热成形钢板料在加热炉中加热，加热至完全奥氏体化状态；
所述镀层热成形钢板料的镀层包括：GI型镀锌镀层、GA型镀锌镀层、Zn-Al-Mg合金镀层中的任意一种；
S2、加热后的镀层热成形钢板料转移至沸水箱中，浸没在沸水中，清洗氧化层；
S3、镀层热成形钢板料在沸水和上下模具的共同作用下成形、保压并淬火，得到零部件；
S4、取出零部件进行吹风或在干燥炉中干燥处理，去除零部件镀层中的水分。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高耐蚀易焊接热压零部件的热浴成形工艺，其特征在于，步骤S1中，所述加热炉中的气氛氧含量为5-20％。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种高耐蚀易焊接热压零部件的热浴成形工艺，其特征在于，步骤S2中，所述沸水温度为80-100℃，所述沸水在所述氧化层表面的压力为0-0.1bar。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种高耐蚀易焊接热压零部件的热浴成形工艺，其特征在于，所述镀层热成形钢板料在沸水中的深度为3-1000mm。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种高耐蚀易焊接热压零部件的热浴成形工艺，其特征在于，所述沸水中还包括质量分数为0-10％的溶解剂，所述溶解剂包括NaOH。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种高耐蚀易焊接热压零部件的热浴成形工艺，其特征在于，步骤S3中，所述成形的温度为400-650℃。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种高耐蚀易焊接热压零部件的热浴成形工艺，其特征在于，所述工艺还包括：在取出零部件进行吹风或在干燥炉中干燥处理之前，零部件移出沸水箱转移至无氧室温水中进行超声波清洗。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种高耐蚀易焊接热压零部件的热浴成形工艺，其特征在于，所述超声波清洗的时间为0.5-5min。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种高耐蚀易焊接热压零部件的热浴成形工艺，其特征在于，所述镀层热成形钢板料的原料组分，按质量百分比计，包括：C 0.05-0.35wt％，Si 0.05-0.2wt％，Mn 0.5-2.5wt％，Cr 0-0.3wt％，Mo 0-0.25wt％，Ti 0.02-0.04wt％，Nb 0-0.2wt％，V 0-0.2wt％，B 0.002-0.006wt％，P 0-0.020wt％，S 0-0.003wt％，Al 0.02-0.06wt％，N 0-0.006wt％，其余元素为Fe。
10.根据权利要求1所述的一种高耐蚀易焊接热压零部件的热浴成形工艺，其特征在于，所述镀层的厚度为5-30um。
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