CN113749829A - 肩关节假体 - Google Patents

肩关节假体 Download PDF

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CN113749829A
CN113749829A CN202111123126.4A CN202111123126A CN113749829A CN 113749829 A CN113749829 A CN 113749829A CN 202111123126 A CN202111123126 A CN 202111123126A CN 113749829 A CN113749829 A CN 113749829A
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locking
seat
rod
seat body
shoulder joint
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CN113749829B (zh
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王好奎
张帅
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Beijing AK Medical Co Ltd
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Beijing AK Medical Co Ltd
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    • A61F2002/30535Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30537Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for adjustable
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种肩关节假体,包括:可调领结构,具有转动部;第一座体,第一座体上设置有安装凹部,转动部设置于安装凹部内;锁定件,可移动地设置于第一座体上,锁定件具有凸出于第一座体并锁定转动部的锁定位置以及回缩至第一座体内并与转动部脱离的解锁位置;第二座体,可转动地设置于第一座体的下方;锁定驱动结构,设置于第一座体和第二座体之间,第二座体转动以使锁定驱动结构驱动锁定件由解锁位置移动至锁定位置。本申请的技术方案有效地解决了相关技术中的肱骨柄和肱骨头之间的颈干角和扭转角不可调节的问题。

Description

肩关节假体
技术领域
本发明涉及肩关节技术领域,具体而言,涉及一种肩关节假体。
背景技术
目前,随着医疗技术的发展,人工肩关节置换术已然成为了一种治疗肩关节病症的主要手段,具体的肩关节假体置换术可以针对肱骨近端三部分、四部分骨折,先天性畸形、肩部恶性肿瘤和肱骨头缺血性坏死等病症,有显著的疗效。
目前,肩关节假体置换手术过程中,假体肱骨柄和肱骨头之间的颈干角和扭转角是不可以调节的,这影响了患者的使用效果。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种肩关节假体,以解决相关技术中的肱骨柄和肱骨头之间的颈干角和扭转角不可调节的问题。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种肩关节假体,包括:可调领结构,具有转动部;第一座体,第一座体上设置有安装凹部,转动部设置于安装凹部内;锁定件,可移动地设置于第一座体上,锁定件具有凸出于第一座体并锁定转动部的锁定位置以及回缩至第一座体内并与转动部脱离的解锁位置;第二座体,可转动地设置于第一座体的下方;锁定驱动结构,设置于第一座体和第二座体之间,第二座体转动以使锁定驱动结构驱动锁定件由解锁位置移动至锁定位置。
进一步地,锁定件包括锁杆以及与锁杆配合的复位件,转动部上间隔设置有多个定位孔,锁杆可选择地插入至定位孔内。
进一步地,复位件包括弹性件或者磁性件。
进一步地,锁定驱动结构包括齿轮和齿条结构,齿轮设置于第二座体上,齿条结构可移动地设置于第一座体内,齿条结构和齿轮啮合,齿条结构的端部设置有驱动杆体,齿条结构具有第一位置和第二位置,齿轮驱动齿条结构在第一位置和第二位置之间切换,当齿条结构处于第一位置时,驱动杆体和锁杆抵接配合以推动锁杆处于锁定位置并插入至定位孔内,当齿条结构处于第二位置时,驱动杆体脱离锁杆,锁杆在复位件的作用下移动至解锁位置并从定位孔内脱出。
进一步地,驱动杆体为多个,多个驱动杆体的长度由锁定件的上方至锁定件的下方依次增大,每个驱动杆体上均设置有驱动斜面,锁杆包括多个,多个锁杆与多个驱动杆体一一对应地设置,每个锁杆上均设置有从动斜面,驱动斜面和从动斜面一一对应地抵接配合。
进一步地,肩关节假体还包括第三座体,齿轮的上方设置有第一连接杆,齿轮的下方设置有第二连接杆,第一连接杆和第一座体连接,第二连接杆穿过第二座体并与第三座体连接。
进一步地,肩关节假体还包括防旋杆,防旋杆的外壁上设置有凸条,防旋杆与第三座体连接。
进一步地,第一座体底部的边沿处设置有凸部,第二座体顶部的边沿处设置有凹部,凸部设置于凹部内,凹部的面积大于凸部的面积。
进一步地,第二座体上设置有弧形孔,弧形孔位于凹部的侧部。
进一步地,转动部为弧形结构,肩关节假体还包括外壳,外壳套设于可调领结构和第一座体之间。
应用本发明的技术方案,可调领结构上具有转动部,第一座体上设置有安装凹部,转动部设置在安装凹部内,锁定件可移动地设置在第一座体上,锁定件上具有凸出于第一座体并锁定转动部的锁定位置以及回缩至第一座体内部并与转动部脱离的解锁位置。第二座体位于第一座体的下方,并能够进行转动。锁定驱动结构设置在第一座体和第二座体之间,第二座体转动以使锁定驱动结构驱动锁定件由解锁位置移动至锁定位置。通过上述的设置,可调领结构的角度在锁定件和锁定驱动结构的作用下可以进行调整,这样使得肩关节假体能够适配更多尺寸,这样能够有效地提高产品的通用性。并且,锁定件和锁定驱动结构的锁定方式稳定,进而能够有效地提高肩关节假体的稳定性。在进行肩关节假体置换时,可以依据患者的自身情况进行调节可调领结构,将可调领结构调整到合适的位置,这样能够提高患者的使用效果。因此本申请的技术方案有效地解决了相关技术中的肱骨柄和肱骨头之间的颈干角和扭转角不可调节的问题。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明,并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中:
图1示出了根据本发明的肩关节假体的实施例的立体结构示意图;
图2示出了图1的肩关节假体的锁定驱动装置的立体结构示意图;
图3示出了图1的肩关节假体的可调领结构的立体结构示意图;
图4示出了图1的肩关节假体的第一座体的立体结构示意图;
图5示出了图1的肩关节假体的第二座体的立体结构示意图;
图6示出了图1的肩关节假体的防旋杆的立体结构示意图;
图7示出了图1的肩关节假体的外壳的主视示意图;
图8示出了图2的锁定驱动装置和锁定件的立体结构示意图;
图9示出了图2的锁定件处于锁定位置的剖视示意图;
图10示出了图2的锁定件处于解锁位置的剖视示意图。
其中,上述附图包括以下附图标记:
10、可调领结构;11、转动部;111、定位孔;20、第一座体;21、安装凹部;22、凸部;30、锁定件;31、锁杆;311、从动斜面;32、复位件;40、第二座体;41、凹部;42、弧形孔;50、锁定驱动结构;51、齿轮;511、第一连接杆;512、第二连接杆;52、齿条结构;521、驱动杆体;5211、驱动斜面;60、第三座体;70、防旋杆;71、凸条;80、外壳。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的,决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
需要注意的是,这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式,而非意图限制根据本申请的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的,除非上下文另外明确指出,否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式,此外,还应当理解的是,当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时,其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。
除非另外具体说明,否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。同时,应当明白,为了便于描述,附图中所示出的各个部分的尺寸并不是按照实际的比例关系绘制的。对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论,但在适当情况下,所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为授权说明书的一部分。在这里示出和讨论的所有示例中,任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的,而不是作为限制。因此,示例性实施例的其它示例可以具有不同的值。应注意到:相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项,因此,一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义,则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
如图1至图4所示,在本实施例中,肩关节假体,包括:可调领结构10、第一座体20、锁定件30、第二座体40以及锁定驱动结构50。可调领结构10具有转动部11。第一座体20上设置有安装凹部21,转动部11设置于安装凹部21内。锁定件30可移动地设置于第一座体20上,锁定件30具有凸出于第一座体20并锁定转动部11的锁定位置以及回缩至第一座体20内并与转动部11脱离的解锁位置。第二座体40可转动地设置于第一座体20的下方。锁定驱动结构50设置于第一座体20和第二座体40之间,第二座体40转动以使锁定驱动结构50驱动锁定件30由解锁位置移动至锁定位置。
应用本实施例的技术方案,可调领结构10上具有转动部11,第一座体20上设置有安装凹部21,转动部11设置在安装凹部21内,锁定件30可移动地设置在第一座体20上,锁定件30上具有凸出于第一座体20并锁定转动部11的锁定位置以及回缩至第一座体20内部并与转动部11脱离的解锁位置。第二座体40位于第一座体20的下方,并能够进行转动。锁定驱动结构50设置在第一座体20和第二座体40之间,第二座体40转动以使锁定驱动结构50驱动锁定件30由解锁位置移动至锁定位置。通过上述的设置,可调领结构10的角度在锁定件和锁定驱动结构50的作用下可以进行调整,这样使得肩关节假体能够适配更多尺寸,这样能够有效地提高产品的通用性。并且,锁定件30和锁定驱动结构50的锁定方式稳定,进而能够有效地提高肩关节假体的稳定性。在进行肩关节假体置换时,可以依据患者的自身情况进行调节可调领结构10,将可调领结构10调整到合适的位置,这样能够提高患者的使用效果。因此本实施例的技术方案有效地解决了相关技术中的肱骨柄和肱骨头之间的颈干角和扭转角不可调节的问题。
如图1至图4以及图8所示,在本实施例中,锁定件30包括锁杆31以及与锁杆31配合的复位件32,转动部11上间隔设置有多个定位孔111,锁杆31可选择地插入至定位孔111内。复位件32能够保证锁杆31处于解锁位置,锁定驱动结构50驱动锁杆31克服复位件32对锁杆31的作用力,以使锁杆31插入至定位孔111内,这样则实现了可调领结构10的锁定。多个定位孔111呈弧形。
在本实施例中,防旋杆70和第三座体60锥配连接,第二座体40和第三座体60中间有齿轮轴,保持绕中旋转。第二座体40上设有长圆孔通过螺钉控制周向旋转,实现扭转角的可调,长圆孔同时具有限位功能。第一座体20和第二座体40同样经过齿轮轴连接,并且在第二座体40的旋转过程中齿轮转动,带动导轨左右移动,导轨上的顶杆左右横移,由于杆的一端带有斜角,在左右移动的过程,可将复位件32内的杆体顶出前移从而完成可调领,当导轨移动时,由于复位件32的压缩回弹,复位件32内的杆体回到初始位置,完成解锁。锁杆31的作用可进行限位,调节弹簧的预紧力。
如图1至图4以及图8所示,在本实施例中,复位件32包括弹性件,弹性件的结构简单,便于设置,具体地,在本实施例中,弹性件包括弹簧,弹簧固定在锁杆31和第一座体20之间,弹簧处于自然状态或者压缩状态,即未被拉伸,此时锁杆31处于解锁位置。当锁定驱动结构50对锁杆31施力,此时弹簧被拉伸,锁杆伸入至定位孔111内,这样实现了转动部11的锁定。
具体地,如图8和图9所述,在本实施例中,锁定件还包括传动杆,传动杆上设置有环形凸起,弹簧套设在传动杆上,弹簧和传动杆的底部锁定为压缩状态即解锁位置,弹簧和锁杆31以及传动杆的中部锁定为拉伸状态即锁定位置。
在图中未示出的实施例中,在第一座体的内部和锁杆的端部均设置有磁性件,通过磁吸配合的方式,实现锁杆固定在解锁位置,在锁定驱动结构的作用下,锁杆上的磁性件和第一座体内部的磁性件分离,这样实现了锁定对转动部的锁定。
如图1至图4以及图8所示,在本实施例中,锁定驱动结构50包括齿轮51和齿条结构52,齿轮51设置于第二座体40上,齿条结构52可移动地设置于第一座体20内,齿条结构52和齿轮51啮合,齿条结构52的端部设置有驱动杆体521,齿条结构52具有第一位置和第二位置,齿轮51驱动齿条结构52在第一位置和第二位置之间切换,当齿条结构52处于第一位置时,驱动杆体521和锁杆31抵接配合以推动锁杆31处于锁定位置并插入至定位孔111内,当齿条结构52处于第二位置时,驱动杆体521脱离锁杆31,锁杆31在复位件32的作用下移动至解锁位置并从定位孔111内脱出。第一座体20内设置有滑道结构,齿条结构52可移动地设置在滑道结构上,齿轮51和齿条结构52啮合,齿轮51转动驱动齿条结构52移动即由第一位置移动至第二位置。而在齿条结构52的两端又设置有驱动杆体521,驱动杆体521与锁杆31配合,齿条结构52移动进而使得驱动杆体521推动锁杆31,进而使得锁杆31处于锁定位置;当齿轮51回转,齿条结构52由第二位置移动至第一位置,此时驱动杆体521不与锁杆31配合,锁杆31在复位件32的作用下回缩,即回到解锁位置,此时转动部11可以进行转动,即可调领结构10可以进行调整角度。上述的调整方式稳定性较好。
如图1至图4以及图8所示,在本实施例中,驱动杆体521为多个,多个驱动杆体521的长度由锁定件30的上方至锁定件30的下方依次增大,每个驱动杆体521上均设置有驱动斜面5211,锁杆31包括多个,多个锁杆31与多个驱动杆体521一一对应地设置,每个锁杆31上均设置有从动斜面311,驱动斜面5211和从动斜面311一一对应地抵接配合。在本实施例中,驱动杆体521的长度方向和锁杆31的长度方向垂直,驱动杆体521移动与锁杆31接触时,驱动斜面5211和从动斜面311接触,此时,面面接触能够实现锁杆31的移动,进而实现锁杆31对转动部11的锁定。
在图中未示出的实施例中,驱动杆体的圆心和锁杆的圆心共线,这样使得驱动杆体可以直接推动锁杆进行移动。但是这样的布置方式占用空间较大,会导致第一座体的尺寸增大。
如图1至图5所示,在本实施例中,肩关节假体还包括第三座体60,齿轮51的上方设置有第一连接杆511,齿轮51的下方设置有第二连接杆512,第一连接杆511和第一座体20连接,第二连接杆512穿过第二座体40并与第三座体60连接。第一连接杆511穿过第一座体20连接,具体地,第一连接杆511的第一端设置有第一限位件,第一连接杆511和第一座体20为间隙配合,这样能够实现齿轮51转动而不会带动第一座体20的转动。第二连接杆512和第二座体40为过盈配合,同时,在第二连接杆512和第二座体40的连接处涂有固定胶水,或者,在第二连接杆512的外壁上设置有橡胶凸部,在第二座体40的内部设置有凹部,在进行装配时,用力将齿轮51向下按压,使得橡胶凸部塞入至凹部内,这样也能够实现第二连接杆512和第二座体40的连接,同时,第二连接杆512和第三座体60之间间隙配合,这样能够防止齿轮51转动而带动第三座体60的转动。在第二连接杆512的端部设置有第二限位件,这样能够方式第二连接杆512和第三座体60分离。这样的设置方式有效地保证了肩关节假体整体的结构的稳定性。
如图1至图6所示,在本实施例中,肩关节假体还包括防旋杆70,防旋杆70的外壁上设置有凸条71,防旋杆70与第三座体60连接。防旋杆70的长度较大,在植入患者体内后,能够提高肩关节假体的稳定性,同时由于防旋杆70的外壁上设置有凸条71,凸条71的设置增加了防旋杆70的转动的阻力,进一步地提高了防旋杆70的稳定性,避免防旋杆70发生转动或者是晃动。
如图1至图4所示,在本实施例中,第一座体20底部的边沿处设置有凸部22,第二座体40顶部的边沿处设置有凹部41,凸部22设置于凹部41内,凹部41的面积大于凸部22的面积。上述的凸部22和凹部41对应设置,凸部22能够在凹部41内移动,凹部41能够限制凸部22的移动范围,这样能够有效地避免第二座体40的转动过度。同时凹部41和凸部22配合的限位方式简单,高效。
如图1至图4所示,在本实施例中,第二座体40上设置有弧形孔42,弧形孔42位于凹部41的侧部。弧形孔42的设置是为了在调整好第二座体40的位置后,进行固定第二座体40,通过螺钉穿过弧形孔42将第二座体40和第三座体60固定,这样一方面能够便于在第二座体40转动后进行固定,另一方面能够降低肩关节假体的整体的重量。
如图1至图8所示,在本实施例中,转动部11为弧形结构,肩关节假体还包括外壳80,外壳80套设于可调领结构10和第一座体20之间。转动部11为弧形结构,这样便于转动部11的转动,进而便于实现可调领结构10的转动。外壳80能够对内部结构进行保护,这样能够防止其他结构进入到内部,而影响可调领结构的角度。具体地,在本实施例中外壳80为多孔结构,这样便于人体骨结构与外壳80连接固定。
在本发明的描述中,需要理解的是,方位词如“前、后、上、下、左、右”、“横向、竖向、垂直、水平”和“顶、底”等所指示的方位或位置关系通常是基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,在未作相反说明的情况下,这些方位词并不指示和暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位或者以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制;方位词“内、外”是指相对于各部件本身的轮廓的内外。
为了便于描述,在这里可以使用空间相对术语,如“在……之上”、“在……上方”、“在……上表面”、“上面的”等,用来描述如在图中所示的一个器件或特征与其他器件或特征的空间位置关系。应当理解的是,空间相对术语旨在包含除了器件在图中所描述的方位之外的在使用或操作中的不同方位。例如,如果附图中的器件被倒置,则描述为“在其他器件或构造上方”或“在其他器件或构造之上”的器件之后将被定位为“在其他器件或构造下方”或“在其他器件或构造之下”。因而,示例性术语“在……上方”可以包括“在……上方”和“在……下方”两种方位。该器件也可以其他不同方式定位(旋转90度或处于其他方位),并且对这里所使用的空间相对描述作出相应解释。
此外,需要说明的是,使用“第一”、“第二”等词语来限定零部件,仅仅是为了便于对相应零部件进行区别,如没有另行声明,上述词语并没有特殊含义,因此不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种肩关节假体,其特征在于,包括:
可调领结构(10),具有转动部(11);
第一座体(20),所述第一座体(20)上设置有安装凹部(21),所述转动部(11)设置于所述安装凹部(21)内;
锁定件(30),可移动地设置于所述第一座体(20)上,所述锁定件(30)具有凸出于所述第一座体(20)并锁定所述转动部(11)的锁定位置以及回缩至所述第一座体(20)内并与所述转动部(11)脱离的解锁位置;
第二座体(40),可转动地设置于所述第一座体(20)的下方;
锁定驱动结构(50),设置于所述第一座体(20)和所述第二座体(40)之间,所述第二座体(40)转动以使所述锁定驱动结构(50)驱动所述锁定件(30)由所述解锁位置移动至所述锁定位置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的肩关节假体,其特征在于,所述锁定件(30)包括锁杆(31)以及与所述锁杆(31)配合的复位件(32),所述转动部(11)上间隔设置有多个定位孔(111),所述锁杆(31)可选择地插入至所述定位孔(111)内。
3.根据权利要求2所述的肩关节假体,其特征在于,所述复位件(32)包括弹性件或者磁性件。
4.根据权利要求2所述的肩关节假体,其特征在于,所述锁定驱动结构(50)包括齿轮(51)和齿条结构(52),所述齿轮(51)设置于所述第二座体(40)上,所述齿条结构(52)可移动地设置于所述第一座体(20)内,所述齿条结构(52)和所述齿轮(51)啮合,所述齿条结构(52)的端部设置有驱动杆体(521),所述齿条结构(52)具有第一位置和第二位置,所述齿轮(51)驱动所述齿条结构(52)在所述第一位置和所述第二位置之间切换,当所述齿条结构(52)处于第一位置时,所述驱动杆体(521)和所述锁杆(31)抵接配合以推动所述锁杆(31)处于所述锁定位置并插入至所述定位孔(111)内,当所述齿条结构(52)处于第二位置时,所述驱动杆体(521)脱离所述锁杆(31),所述锁杆(31)在所述复位件(32)的作用下移动至所述解锁位置并从所述定位孔(111)内脱出。
5.根据权利要求4所述的肩关节假体,其特征在于,所述驱动杆体(521)为多个,多个所述驱动杆体(521)的长度由所述锁定件(30)的上方至所述锁定件(30)的下方依次增大,每个所述驱动杆体(521)上均设置有驱动斜面(5211),所述锁杆(31)包括多个,多个所述锁杆(31)与多个所述驱动杆体(521)一一对应地设置,每个所述锁杆(31)上均设置有从动斜面(311),所述驱动斜面(5211)和所述从动斜面(311)一一对应地抵接配合。
6.根据权利要求4所述的肩关节假体,其特征在于,所述肩关节假体还包括第三座体(60),所述齿轮(51)的上方设置有第一连接杆(511),所述齿轮(51)的下方设置有第二连接杆(512),所述第一连接杆(511)和所述第一座体(20)连接,所述第二连接杆(512)穿过所述第二座体(40)并与所述第三座体(60)连接。
7.根据权利要求6所述的肩关节假体,其特征在于,所述肩关节假体还包括防旋杆(70),所述防旋杆(70)的外壁上设置有凸条(71),所述防旋杆(70)与所述第三座体(60)连接。
8.根据权利要求1所述的肩关节假体,其特征在于,所述第一座体(20)底部的边沿处设置有凸部(22),所述第二座体(40)顶部的边沿处设置有凹部(41),所述凸部(22)设置于所述凹部(41)内,所述凹部(41)的面积大于所述凸部(22)的面积。
9.根据权利要求8所述的肩关节假体,其特征在于,所述第二座体(40)上设置有弧形孔(42),所述弧形孔(42)位于所述凹部(41)的侧部。
10.根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的肩关节假体,其特征在于,所述转动部(11)为弧形结构,所述肩关节假体还包括外壳(80),所述外壳(80)套设于所述可调领结构(10)和所述第一座体(20)之间。
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