TWI407944B - 移植物植入裝置 - Google Patents
移植物植入裝置 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI407944B TWI407944B TW095106324A TW95106324A TWI407944B TW I407944 B TWI407944 B TW I407944B TW 095106324 A TW095106324 A TW 095106324A TW 95106324 A TW95106324 A TW 95106324A TW I407944 B TWI407944 B TW I407944B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/46—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
- A61F2/4603—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
- A61F2/4611—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof of spinal prostheses
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/88—Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
- A61F2002/30476—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements locked by an additional locking mechanism
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30535—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30565—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for having spring elements
- A61F2002/30571—Leaf springs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30535—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30601—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for telescopic
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30535—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30617—Visible markings for adjusting, locating or measuring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/46—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
- A61F2/4603—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
- A61F2002/4625—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof with relative movement between parts of the instrument during use
- A61F2002/4627—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof with relative movement between parts of the instrument during use with linear motion along or rotating motion about the instrument axis or the implantation direction, e.g. telescopic, along a guiding rod, screwing inside the instrument
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/46—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
- A61F2/4603—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
- A61F2002/4625—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof with relative movement between parts of the instrument during use
- A61F2002/4628—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof with relative movement between parts of the instrument during use with linear motion along or rotating motion about an axis transverse to the instrument axis or to the implantation direction, e.g. clamping
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- A61F2220/00—Fixations or connections for prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
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- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
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- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
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Description
本申請案主張2005年2月25日申請之美國臨時專利申請案第60/656,707號之優先權,該案內容以引用方式併入於本文中。
本發明係關於用以安裝移植物至例如人類脊椎中之裝置。
一脊髓移植物植入器係一種安裝一移植物於人類脊椎中之兩個(例如,一對相鄰的)脊椎骨之間、或全部地或部分地植入於一脊椎骨中的裝置。此一裝置通常係手動地操作,且可包括一使操作者用以將該脊髓移植物推入至脊椎骨內空間之桿。該植入器可被使用於例如一前段迫近、一後段迫近、一橫向迫近或者在此之間的任何變化型式。
一種使用於一脊髓移植物之裝置,其可包含:一把手結構,其可具有一縱向軸線及一通道;一軸桿,其可在該通道中移動且至少一部分具有一第一螺紋;一推進塊,其可操作地連接至該軸桿且具有一被構造成用以嚙合該脊髓移植物之前表面;及一離合器構件,其被支撐在該把手結構上以移動成與該軸桿之該第一螺紋嚙合及脫嚙。該裝置亦可包括一對翼板,其可具有一遠端、一近端且可從該把手之一端部突伸而出。該植入器可使用於例如一前段迫近、一後段迫近、一橫向迫近或者在此之間的任何變化型式。
該把手結構可具有一內螺紋,且該軸桿具有一當該離合器構件與該軸桿之該第一螺紋嚙合或脫嚙時可沿著縱向軸線移動成與該把手結構上之內螺紋相嚙合之第二螺紋。在某些實施例中,該把手可具有一內螺紋且該軸桿包括具有一與該內螺紋隔開之第一螺紋的至少一部分,使得該軸桿在該通道中軸向地滑動通過一第一運動範圍。該軸桿之至少一不同部分可具有一第二螺紋。該第二螺紋可移動成與該內螺紋相嚙合,使得該軸桿在該通道中僅被轉動通過一第二運動範圍。當該軸桿被向前移動通過該通道時,該軸桿被構造成可接續該第一運動範圍而進行第二運動範圍。
該推進塊可與該軸桿一起移動且被連結至該軸桿。該推進塊可具有一收納部分,該收納部分之尺寸及形狀被設計成用以收納一推出桿。該推出桿可包含一具有一縱向軸線之中央部分及兩個從該中央部分延伸而出的臂。在一實施例中,該等臂偏離該中央部分之該縱向軸線。該推出桿之中央部分包含複數個凹口及一凹溝。該推進塊可具有至少一用以嚙合該等凹口及凹溝之繫結件,使得該推出桿可相對於該推進塊而轉動。在某些實施例中,該推出桿可具有至少一臂且可操作地連接至該推進塊及/或與該推進塊脫離。在一實施例,至少一翼板具有一凹槽,該至少一臂可在該凹槽中於至少一翼板之該遠端與近端之間移動。該推出桿係可釋放地連接至該推進塊。該等翼板之至少一者可包含一開口,使得當該推出桿定位在該開口中時,該推出桿可與該推進塊脫離及/或相對於該推進塊而轉動。
該軸桿之至少一部分可被定位在該等翼板之間且可移動通過該等翼板之近端。該等翼板之遠端的尺寸及形狀設計成可被定位在相鄰的脊椎骨之間。再者,該等翼板可被構造成使得該等翼板之遠端可一起被偏壓。該等翼板之近端的尺寸及形狀設計成可操作地附接至該把手。在一實施例中,至少一翼板在其遠端具有至少一脊部,該脊部可加強該至少一翼板與一脊椎骨的嚙合。在某些實施例中,至少一翼板具有至少一擋止結構以嚙合至少一脊椎骨,該至少一擋止結構被構造成可防止該等翼板之遠端過度刺入至相鄰的脊椎骨中。該對翼板之至少一者具有一凹槽,使得該推出桿可沿該凹槽而移動。該等翼板被構造成使得當該推進塊從該等翼板之近端移動至該等翼板之遠端時,該等翼板之遠端遠離彼此而移動。
該離合器構件可包含一貫穿其中之開口,該開口具有一第一部分及一第二部分,其中該第一部分可包含一螺紋部分且該第二部分包含一未具螺紋的部分。該離合器構件亦可包含一第一側邊部分及一對位在該側邊部分上的穴口。該把手具有一第一繫結件,其用以選擇性地一次僅嚙合該對穴口之一。該離合器構件進一步包含一第二側邊部分及一第二對位在該第二側邊部分上的穴口。該把手可具有一第二繫結件,其用以選擇性地一次僅嚙合該第二對穴口之一。在一實施例中,該第一及第二繫結件係被定位成穿過該把手之球形掣子。該離合器構件可被支撐在該把手上以移動成與該軸桿上之第一螺紋相嚙合或脫嚙,使得當該離合器構件與該第一螺紋相嚙合時,該軸桿在該通道中僅轉動通過該第一運動範圍。該離合器機構可被支撐在該把手結構上以在一第一位置與一第二位置之間移動,在該第一位置上,該軸桿係可在該把手中平行於該縱向軸線而滑動,且在該第二位置中,該軸桿可在該把手中以一不同於縱向移動之第二方式移動。該不同的第二運動方式可包括至少部分轉動該軸桿。
一種植入一移植物於相鄰脊椎骨之間的方法可包含提供一移植物植入器,其包含:一把手結構,其具有一縱向軸線及一通道;一對從該把手延伸而出的翼板,該等翼板具有一遠端及一近端;一軸桿,其可在該通道中移動且至少一部分具有一第一螺紋部分;一推進塊,其可操作地連接至該軸桿且具有一被構造成用以嚙合該脊髓移植物之前表面;及一離合器構件,其至少一部分具有用以選擇性地嚙合該軸桿之螺紋部分的螺紋。該方法進一步包含將一移植物插入抵頂該推進塊且位在該等翼板之間;將該等翼板之該等遠端插入於相鄰脊椎骨之間;移動該軸桿通過該把手之該通道,使得該移植物朝向該等翼板之遠端移動且將該等翼板張開,及將該等翼板從該相鄰脊椎骨之間抽回。額外地,該方法可包含將該離合器構件之該等螺紋移動成與該軸桿之第一螺紋部分相嚙合。再者,在一實施例中,該軸桿進一步包含一第二螺紋部分,且該把手包含一內螺紋,該方法可進一步包含:嚙合該軸桿之該第二螺紋部分與該把手之內螺紋;及相對於該把手來轉動該軸桿,以將該推進塊移動於該等翼板之間。當該移植物移動朝向該等翼板之該等遠端時,該等翼板可被移動分開。在某些實施例中,該移植物植入器進一步包含一推出桿,其可操作地連接至該推進塊,該推出桿可與至少一脊椎骨相嚙合,使得當該軸桿轉動時,該等翼板之該等遠端從相鄰的脊椎骨之間移出。再者,在一實施例中,該移植物植入器可包含一推出桿,其可操作地連接至該推進塊,且該等翼板之至少一者包含一開口,該方法可進一步包含在該開口中轉動該推出桿。
在圖式中所示之裝置10係一脊髓移植物植入器,其具有在申請專利範圍中所列舉之示例性結構元件的部件。該植入器10因此包括能使對於此技藝有普通瞭解之人士來製造及使用本發明的實例,且在此予以說明以提供本發明之可行性及最佳模式,但未施加未列舉在申請專利範圍中的限制。該等圖式因此係該植入器的闡釋且用於說明的目的。有關於此,雖然該裝置在此所說明及圖示之用途係將一移植物植入至脊椎,然而其亦可用於欲植入於其他部位及動物或人類以外之物件的其他類型的移植物。
在圖1中所示之該植入器10之部件包括一握把12、一軸桿14及一位在該軸桿14之末端上的T形把手16。一對岔開彈簧18(其亦可稱之為翼板)係可從該握把12向前突伸而出。該軸桿14可延伸穿過該握把12,且可從介於該等翼板18之間的握把12向前突伸而出。
一推進塊20可被收納在該等翼板18之間。該推進塊20可被連結至或相聯結於該軸桿14,俾當操作者將該T形把手16向前朝向該握把12移動時可將其向前驅動。該推進塊20接著可以將一脊髓移植物22向前推進於該等翼板18之該等遠端24之間,其迫使該等翼板18彼此分開以同時地岔開一對脊椎骨而將該移植物22推進至該脊椎骨內空間。
如圖2及圖3分別所示,該握把12可具有一大致呈圓柱形的構造,其具有一縱向中心軸線25,且可朝向其兩相反端而徑向朝內呈漸細狀。一平頭孔31可從該握把12之該近端32軸向朝內延伸,其位在圖式中的右側。一類似的平頭孔35可從該遠端36軸向朝內延伸,其位圖式中的左側。該等平頭孔31、35及一內孔39可共同界定一沿著該軸線25而縱向延伸穿過該握把12之通道41。在一實施例中,該把手12在長度上可大約為10公分至大約15公分。
另一通道43可橫向地延伸穿過該握把12。該通道43可相交於該縱向通道41,且被置中於一垂直於該縱向軸線25之橫向軸線45上。一對窄螺紋孔47可從該橫向通道43反向地朝外延伸,如圖2清楚所示。一凹槽49亦橫向地延伸穿過該握把12,如圖1清楚所示,該凹槽可伸長於該握把12之長度方向。
該軸桿14可具有數個具有不同長度及直徑的獨立段。如圖4所示,這些獨立段可包括一在該軸桿14上具有最大直徑d1之近端段50,及一具有最小直徑d2之遠端段52。該近端段50可被構造成用以收納該T形把手16(圖1)。該遠端段52可被構造成用以收納該推進塊20(圖1)。在一實施例中,該軸桿14在長度上可大約為30公分至大約為40公分。在一實施例中,該植入器10在長度上可大約為35公分至大約45公分。
該軸桿14之其他段可包括一主長度段56,該主長度段又可包括一介於兩中間段60及62之間的中央段58。該中央段58可以係該軸桿14之最長獨立段,且可具有一幾乎沿其整個長度而延伸的第一螺紋64。該中央段58可具有一除了該螺紋64以外之第三直徑d3,且在該螺紋64處可具有一第四直徑d4。該等中間段60及62亦可具有該第四直徑d4。具有一較大直徑d5之另一中間段66可軸向地延伸於該近端段50與相鄰之未具螺紋的中間段62之間。該軸桿14之該段66可具有一具最大直徑d1之第二螺紋68。
如圖5及6之放大的細部結構所示,該推進塊20可安裝在該軸桿14之遠端段52上,且可藉由一固持環80而被固持在該軸桿14上。該推進塊20之一前表面82可具有一配合脊髓移植物22之一對置表面84之輪廓的輪廓。在圖5及6中亦顯示一推出桿86,其可安裝在該推進塊20上。如圖7獨立地顯示,該推出桿86可包括一具有一圓形截面之中央部分88,且可具有一對臂90,該等臂可具有卵形、橢圓形或任何適當的截面形狀。應瞭解,該推出桿86可具有至少一臂90。該推出桿86之中央部分88可被收納在一延伸穿過該推進塊20之圓形孔91中,如圖6所示。該等臂90可從該推進塊20突伸而出,如圖5所示。一對繫結件92可將該推出桿86牢固在該推進塊20上。
可具有一個翼板18或複數個翼板18。在所示之實施例中,該植入器10具有兩個翼板18。該等翼板18如圖示可以係一體式彈簧結構100之獨立的可撓性部分,或者在其他實施例中,其可以係附接至一基座之多個(例如,兩個)彈簧的總成。如圖8及9所示,該彈簧結構100在其近端可具有一管狀基座102。該等翼板18可以是相同的,且可被構造成如同伸長狀葉片彈簧,其從該基座102橫向朝外拱曲且收歛於其遠端24處。至少一翼板18可具有一定位在中央的凹槽109,其在接近該基座102處具有一鑰匙孔狀開口111。該開口111可提供一構件,該推出桿86可藉該構件而與推進塊20分開,使得一更替的推出桿或具有不同構造之推出桿可以與該植入器10配合使用。例如,當該推出桿86被定位在接近該開口111或位在其中時,該繫結件92可以與該推出桿86脫離,且該推出桿86可從該推進塊20被移出及從該開口111被移出。
如圖7A所示,一替代性推出桿86a可以與該植入器10配合使用。該推出桿86a可具有臂90a及一具有一縱向軸線86b之中央部分88a。應瞭解,該推出桿86a可具有至少一臂90a。該臂90a可相對於該中央部分88a之縱向軸線86b而偏離中央來設置。再者,該推出桿86a可具有一或多個凹口89及一凹溝93。該推出桿86a可藉由例如可嚙合該等凹口89之球形掣子(未圖示)之繫結件92而被保持在該推進塊20中。當該等臂90a被定位在該等翼板18之開口111中,該中央部分88a可在該開口111中轉動。一外科醫生可轉動該推出桿86a,使得該繫結件92與該凹口89脫離且沿著該凹溝93移動。該等繫結件92接著可與另一凹口89相嚙合,使得該等臂90a更靠近或更遠離該等翼板18之遠端24。此一構造可使一外科醫生來控制該移植物22在該等脊椎骨之間的鑽入深度。例如,在該中央部分88a之一第一側88b面向該等遠端24的一位置中,該移植物22之鑽入深度可大約為3毫米,且在該中央部分88a之一第二側88c面向該等遠端24之一位置中,該移植物22之鑽入深度可大約為6毫米。該等臂90a可包括具有指標I之表面90b,當該推出桿86a位在不同方位時,其可以提供該移植物22之鑽入深度的目視指標。
一對擋止結構110可從接近該翼板18之遠端24之該凹槽109的相對置側邊突伸而出。該等擋止結構110可防止植入器10前進而過於深入至該脊椎骨內空間中。另一選擇為,該擋止特徵係可調整的,以預先選定所需要的植入距離。例如,可具有由一柱螺栓或節瘤來達成兩個植入距離選擇,該柱螺栓或節瘤可被鉸接至該等擋止結構110,以依照器件使用者之選擇來定位成較遠離或較靠近該等擋止結構110。
每一翼板18可進一步具有一對平行窄脊112,其彼此接近地隔開而位在該等擋止結構110之前面的位置。該等窄脊112可用以作為一固持特徵,以防止該植入器10本身在操作時被移出。每一對脊部112可由相鄰的凹槽109所阻斷,但亦可完全地延伸橫越該各別的翼板18。在一實施例中,該等翼板18在長度上可大約為17公分至大約27公分。
如圖10及11所示,該彈簧結構100之基座102可被收納在該握把12之遠端平頭孔35中。一繫結件114可將該基座102牢固在該平頭孔35中。在該握把12之另一端,一繫結件116可將一套筒120牢固在該近端平頭孔31中。在該套筒120上之一內螺紋122(圖12)可被定位在該通道41中,其沿著該軸線25而延伸穿過該握把12。該軸桿14可延伸且可軸向地移動通過該通道41,且在該軸桿14上之第一螺紋64在該通道41中與該內螺紋122徑向朝內隔開。在該推出桿86上之臂90可朝外突伸穿過位在該等翼板18上之凹槽109,俾當該推進塊20藉該軸桿14而軸向地移動時,其可以沿著該等凹槽109而滑動。
該軸桿14及該推進塊20之軸向運動能以兩種不同操作模式中之任一種來達成。在第一模式中,該軸桿14可自由地滑動通過該通道41,直到在軸桿14上之該第二螺紋68(相鄰於該T形把手16)向前移動而與握把12上之套筒120中之內螺紋122相嚙合為止。該推進塊20及該移植物22之進一步前進可藉由將該T形把手16相對於該握把12轉動以將該軸桿14沿著該軸線25螺入來達成。在第二操作模式中,該軸桿14不會自由地滑動通過在該握把12中之通道41,但可僅藉由轉動該T形把手16以將該軸桿14螺入通過該通道41而被軸向地朝前移動。操作者可藉由切換一被安裝在該握把12上之離合器機構130而將該植入器10在兩種不同操作模式之間來切換。
該離合器機構130可包括一可動離合器構件132及一對可操作地連接至該把手12之繫結件(例如,球形掣子134)。如圖13-19所示,該離合器構件132可以係一圓柱形部分,其具有扁平的上及下側邊表面136及138。該離合器構件132之端面140及142可具有致動指標,如圖15及16所示。一對凹入表面144可被定位在(例如,正中地)相對置的側邊表面136及138之至少一者。該等凹入表面144可以係相同的,且每一個皆可具有一凸輪表面部分146(圖19),其界定一對穴口147及149。如圖14清楚所示,在圖示實例中之該等穴口147及149可具有在該離合器構件132之長度方向上彼此反方向延伸之淚珠狀。
該離合器構件132之一內部表面150可界定一通道151。該內部表面150可具有位在該通道151之相對置側邊上的獨立部分152及154。該內部表面150之該第一側部分152可具有一置中在一第一軸線157上之半圓柱形輪廓。該第二側部分154可具有一置中在一與該第一軸線157隔開之第二軸線159上之半圓柱形輪廓,且可界定一部分地環繞該第二軸線159而延伸之螺紋160。
再次參考圖10及11,該離合器構件132可延伸穿過在該握把12中之該橫向通道43。延伸穿過該離合器構件132之該通道151可以與位在該握把12中之縱向通道41相對準。該等球形掣子134可嚙合且可固持該離合器構件132於該握把12上。詳言之,每一球狀掣子134可具有一包括一外螺紋166之機殼164,如圖20所示。該等球形掣子134可被螺入至該握把12中之該窄孔47(圖2)而到達位在該等機殼164之末端處的滾珠168突伸至該通道43的位置。當該離合器構件132被安裝在該通道43中時,該等滾珠168可同時被安置在該離合器構件132中之第一或者第二穴口147或149中。藉由交替地推抵該兩端面140及142,操作者可迫使該等凸輪表面146滑動抵抗該等球形掣子134之阻力,以在一第一位置與一第二位置之間來回地移動該離合器構件132,其中在第一位置中,該等滾珠168係被安置在該第一穴口147中,且在該第二位置中,該等滾珠168係被安置在該第二穴口149中。
當該離合器構件132位在該第一位置時,該未具螺紋的內表面152可被定位在軸桿14上之第一螺紋64的外側,如圖11所示。位在該通道151之相對置側面上之該內螺紋160接著可被橫向地與該軸桿14上之第一螺紋64隔開。因此,該螺紋160不會與該螺紋64相配合,且該軸桿14可沿該軸線25而自由地滑動。
當該離合器構件132從該第一位置被偏移至該第二位置時,該離合器構件132之未具螺紋內部表面152被橫向地移動而遠離位在該軸桿14上之第一螺紋64。位在該離合器構件132上之內螺紋160可同時地橫向移動,以與位在該軸桿14上之第一螺紋64相嚙合。因此,當該離合器構件132位在該第二位置時,該操作者可僅藉由將該T形把手16相對於該握把12來轉動而沿著該軸線25移動該軸桿14,以將該軸桿14螺入至該握把12中之通道41。該等內螺紋160及122可分別地定位,且具有相同的節距,使得當該軸桿14沿著該軸線25移動時,位在該軸桿14上之螺紋64可同時地與內螺紋160及122相配合。
在使用該植入器10時,該操作者可手動地向前滑動該移植物22於該等翼板18之間,以將其分開,直到其彈簧力將該移植物22保持在定位為止。在翼板18與該移植物22之間可建立一導軌-凹溝型式關係,俾當該移植物22被遠端地推進時,其可以保持該移植物22適當地對準於該等翼板18。例如,每一該等翼板18可具有複數個(例如,兩個)導軌26,以嚙合位在該移植物22之外側(例如,上方及下方)表面上之對應的(若干)凹溝。
該操作者可軸向地朝前移動該軸桿14及該推進塊20,直到該推進塊20之前表面82嚙合該移植物22之互補性表面84為止。藉由該等翼板18之遠端24插入至一對脊椎骨之間,且藉由該等擋止結構110抵住該脊椎骨,該推進塊20之進一步向前運動迫使該移植物22位在該等翼板18之該等遠端24之間。這可移動該等翼板18彼此分開,以依照該移植物22之厚度來岔開該脊椎骨,且同時移動該移植物22至該脊椎骨內空間中。若該離合器構件132位在該第一位置,則可僅藉由將該桿14沿著該軸線25向前滑動而不需轉動該T形把手16來將桿14及推進塊20推進通過此第一運動範圍。
然而,若該離合器構件132位在該第二位置,則可如上述僅藉由轉動該T形把手16以將該桿螺入通過該握把12來將該桿14及推進塊20推進通過此第一運動範圍。在任一情況下,當該軸桿14上之第二螺紋68軸向地移動而與套筒120中之內螺紋122相嚙合時,便進入第二運動範圍。當該軸桿14被向前螺合通過該第二運動範圍時,該推進塊20驅使該移植物22離開於該等翼板18之該等遠端24之間。當該移植物22移動超過該等翼板18之該等遠端24時且位在相鄰的脊椎骨之間時,該推出桿86、86a之臂90、90a可嚙合相鄰之脊椎骨的外壁。該軸桿14之旋轉可造成該等臂90、90a推抵該脊椎骨,藉此造成該等翼板18在該第二運動範圍中從該等脊椎骨之間抽回。在所示的實施例中,由各個不同的螺紋區域所進行的各種不同範圍之螺合運動係具有相同的各別間距,以沿著各別區域來達成相同的運動速率或進度。
雖然上述說明及附圖代表本發明之該等較佳實施例,然而應瞭解,在不違背後附申請專利範圍所界定之本發明的精神及範圍的情況下,仍可對該等實施例進行各種不同的增添、修飾及取代。詳言之,熟習此項技術者可瞭解到本發明能以其他特定的型式、結構、配置、比例及其他的元件、材料及構件來具體實施,而不違背其精神及主要特徵。熟習此項技術者將明瞭,本發明可以與結構、配置、比例、材料及構件以及使用在本發明之實務中的其他許多修飾配合使用,該等修飾可特別地適用於特定環境及操作條件而不會脫離本發明之原理。因此,在本文中所揭示之實施例在各方面上皆應視為示例性而非限制性,本發明之範圍係由後附申請專利範圍所界定而未侷限於上述的說明。
10...植入器
12...握把
14...軸桿
16...T形把手
18...翼板
20...推進塊
22...脊髓移植物
24...遠端
25...縱向中心軸線
26...導軌
31...平頭孔
32...近端
35...平頭孔
36...遠端
39...內孔
41...縱向通道
43...通道
45...橫向軸線
47...窄孔
49...凹槽
50...近端段
52...遠端段
56...主長度段
58...中央段
60...中間段
62...中間段
64...螺紋
66...中間段
68...第二螺紋
80...固持環
82...前表面
84...對置表面
86...推出桿
86a...推出桿
86b...縱向軸線
88...中央部分
88a...中央部分
88b...第一側
88c...第二側
89...凹口
90...臂
90a...臂
90b...表面
91...圓形孔
92...繫結件
93...凹溝
100...彈簧結構
102...基座
109...凹槽
110...擋止結構
111...開口
112...窄脊
114...繫結件
116...繫結伴
120...套筒
122...內螺紋
130...離合器機構
132...可動離合器構件
134...球形掣子
136...側邊表面
138...側邊表面
140...端面
142...端面
144...凹入表面
146...凸輪表面部分
147...穴口
149...穴口
150...內部表面
151...通道
152...獨立部分
154...獨立部分
157...第一軸線
159...第二軸線
160...螺紋
164...機殼
166...外螺紋
168...滾珠
本發明及本發明之進一步發展係參考後附示例性圖式而詳述於上。本發明可藉由參考後附圖式而獲得更深入之瞭解,其中相同的元件符號代表相同的元件。該等圖式僅示例性闡釋可以單獨使用或與其他特徵組合使用之某些特徵,且本發明並非侷限於所示之實施例。
圖1係一具有一脊髓移植物之脊髓移植物植入器的立體視圖;圖2係圖1所示之植入器之一部分的截面視圖;圖3係沿圖2之剖面線3-3所取之截面視圖;圖4係圖1之植入器之一部分的側視圖;圖5係圖1之植入器之移植物與部件之放大視圖;圖6係沿圖5之剖面線6-6所取之截面視圖;圖7係圖5及6所示之一部分的立體視圖;圖7A係圖7之部件之一替代性實施例的立體視圖;圖8係圖1之植入器之一部分的側視圖;圖9係圖8所示之部分的俯視圖;圖10係圖1之移植物及植入器的側視圖,其中某些部分係以截面圖示之;圖11係沿圖10之剖面線11-11所取的視圖;圖12係圖1之植入器之一部分的截面視圖;圖13係圖1之植入器之一部分取截面的側視圖;圖14係圖13所示之部分的俯視圖;圖15係沿圖13之剖面線15-15所取的端視圖;圖16係沿圖13之剖面線16-16所取的端視圖;圖17係圖13所示之部分之部分放大視圖;圖18係沿圖13之剖面線18-18所取之截面視圖;圖19係沿圖13之剖面線19-19所取之截面視圖;及圖20係圖1之植入器之一部分的側視圖。
10...植入器
12...握把
14...軸桿
16...T形把手
18...翼板
20...推進塊
22...脊髓移植物
24...遠端
49...凹槽
68...第二螺紋
90...臂
100...彈簧結構
109...凹槽
120...套筒
130...離合器機構
132...可動離合器構件
134...球形掣子
Claims (19)
- 一種具有一縱軸用於將一脊髓移植物插入脊椎骨之間之裝置,該裝置包含:一把手結構,其具有一貫穿其中之通道;一可在該通道中移動之軸桿;一對可撓性翼板,其具有一近端及一遠端,該等翼板之近端連接至該把手結構,且該對翼板之各個具有一大致自該縱軸延伸出之擋止結構,而該縱軸係位於接近遠端之一位置,該等翼板沿該縱軸朝向該遠端收歛,其中該對翼板之至少一個具有一貫穿其中之凹槽,該凹槽係大致與該縱軸平行延伸;一推進塊,其可相對於該軸桿可移動地耦接且被放置於該對翼板間,該推進塊具有一被構造成用以嚙合該脊髓移植物之前表面;及一推出桿,其具有至少一經構形以沿該凹槽滑動之臂,該至少一臂係界定一面對該遠端之側且該側經構形以當該移植物插入該等脊椎骨之間時可抵住該等脊椎骨之一,以使得該至少一臂界定一介於該側及該推進塊之該前表面之間之距離以相對應地調整該距離,其中該推出桿、該推進塊及該軸桿係可沿一平行於該縱軸之方向移動,以使得該至少一臂沿該凹槽滑動,且當該推進塊從近端移動至該遠端時,該對翼板之至少其中之一係遠離該對翼板之另一者移動,如此使得一缺口可形成於該等遠端之間,該缺口尺寸係可容納介於該對翼板之各個 的遠端間之移植物的通過。
- 如請求項1之裝置,其中該對翼板被構形成如同伸長狀葉片彈簧。
- 如請求項1之裝置,其中該推出桿包含一具有一中心軸線之中央部分及兩個從該中央部分延伸而出的臂。
- 如請求項3之裝置,其中該等臂偏離該中央部分之該中心軸線。
- 如請求項3之裝置,其中該推出桿之中央部分包含複數個凹口及一凹溝,該推進塊包含至少一經構形以嚙合該等凹口及凹溝之繫結件,使得該推出桿可相對於該推進塊而轉動。
- 如請求項1之裝置,其中該等翼板係由一體式彈簧結構之獨立的可撓性部分所組成。
- 如請求項1之裝置,其中該推出桿之至少一臂係由一第一臂及一第二臂所組成,該位於該對翼板之至少一翼板之凹槽係由一位於該對翼板中之一第一翼板之第一凹槽及一位於該對翼板中之一第二翼板之第二凹槽所組成,在一組裝配置中,該第一臂係延伸穿過該第一凹槽且該第二臂係延伸穿過該第二凹槽。
- 如請求項2之裝置,其中該對翼板之各個係經構形如同一伸長狀葉片彈簧,其相對另一者自該把手沿該縱軸橫向朝外拱曲且於該遠端朝向另一者收斂。
- 如請求項1之裝置,其中該等翼板係為可撓,以使得當該推進塊自該近端移動至該遠端時,該移植物抵住該等可 撓性翼板且使得該對可撓性翼板之至少其中一者遠離另一者屈曲。
- 如請求項9之裝置,其中當該推進塊自該近端移動至該遠端時,該對可撓性翼板皆遠離彼此屈曲。
- 如請求項9之裝置,其中該對翼板經構形如同附接至一基座之多個彈簧的一總成,該基座係被定位於該近端。
- 如請求項6之裝置,其中該一體式彈簧結構在該近端具有一管狀基座,且該等獨立的可撓性部分係在該管狀基座處連接且自該管狀基座朝向該遠端延伸。
- 如請求項1之裝置,其中該對翼板係不具有一鉸鏈。
- 如請求項1之裝置,其中該對翼板係在各自之遠端處一起被偏壓。
- 如請求項1之裝置,其中該對可撓性翼板之至少其中之一者在其遠端具有至少一脊部,該至少一脊部用以作為一固持特徵,以避免該裝置在操作期間被移出。
- 如請求項1之裝置,其中該對翼板之至少其中之一者包含自其一內部表面延伸之一導軌,該導軌係經構形以嚙合形成於該移植物之一外表面上之一凹溝,其中當該移植物在操作期間被遠端地推進時,該移植物對準於該等翼板。
- 如請求項1之裝置,其中該對翼板之至少其中之一者包含有一開口,以使得當該推出桿定位在開口中時,該推出桿可與該推進塊脫離。
- 如請求項1之裝置,其中該對翼板之至少其中之一者包含 有一開口,以使得當該推出桿定位在開口中時,該推出桿可相對於該推進塊旋轉。
- 如請求項9之裝置,其中該軸桿係包含外螺紋,該外螺紋係可選擇性地與一離合器構件上之內螺紋嚙合,而該離合器構件係被可移動地安裝於該把手結構,以使得當外螺紋與該離合器構件上之內螺紋嚙合時,僅有該軸桿相對於該把手結構之轉動造成該軸桿前近通過該通道。
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JP2008531124A (ja) | 2008-08-14 |
AU2006218910A1 (en) | 2006-09-08 |
CN101163456B (zh) | 2014-07-09 |
JP4799569B2 (ja) | 2011-10-26 |
EP2599463B1 (en) | 2014-10-08 |
US20060195097A1 (en) | 2006-08-31 |
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US8043344B2 (en) | 2011-10-25 |
CA2611932C (en) | 2013-06-11 |
EP2599463A2 (en) | 2013-06-05 |
TW200640435A (en) | 2006-12-01 |
CN101163456A (zh) | 2008-04-16 |
CA2611932A1 (en) | 2006-09-08 |
WO2006093737A2 (en) | 2006-09-08 |
KR20070116008A (ko) | 2007-12-06 |
USD700698S1 (en) | 2014-03-04 |
EP2599463A3 (en) | 2013-07-10 |
ES2525134T3 (es) | 2014-12-17 |
US7722622B2 (en) | 2010-05-25 |
WO2006093737A3 (en) | 2006-11-30 |
KR101255684B1 (ko) | 2013-04-17 |
US20100262154A1 (en) | 2010-10-14 |
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