CN113732560B - Nickel-chromium-based welding wire capable of effectively controlling heat cracking, method and groove form - Google Patents
Nickel-chromium-based welding wire capable of effectively controlling heat cracking, method and groove form Download PDFInfo
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- CN113732560B CN113732560B CN202110966117.5A CN202110966117A CN113732560B CN 113732560 B CN113732560 B CN 113732560B CN 202110966117 A CN202110966117 A CN 202110966117A CN 113732560 B CN113732560 B CN 113732560B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
- B23K35/0261—Rods, electrodes, wires
- B23K35/0266—Rods, electrodes, wires flux-cored
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
Abstract
The invention discloses a nickel-chromium-based welding wire capable of effectively controlling heat cracking, which comprises a flux core and a welding skin, wherein the flux core comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 40.0 to 60.0 percent of Cr powder, 20.0 to 30.0 percent of Nb powder and 20.0 to 30.0 percent of Mo powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent. The nickel-chromium-based welding wire capable of effectively controlling heat cracking is specially used for welding a transition layer in the butt welding process of a copper-steel explosive composite plate, and can effectively solve the problem of weld cracking in the welding process of the copper-steel composite plate. Also provides a preparation method and a groove form of the nickel-chromium-based welding wire for effectively controlling hot cracking.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of metal materials, and particularly relates to a nickel-chromium-based welding wire capable of effectively controlling heat cracking, and also relates to a preparation method and a groove form of the nickel-chromium-based welding wire capable of effectively controlling heat cracking.
Background
With the development of science and technology and the deepening of economic globalization, the market has more and more severe requirements on the performance of materials and the use environment. In some special fields, the comprehensive performance of traditional single materials is difficult to meet the requirement of actual production, and metal materials with different chemical properties and physical properties are often connected together to utilize the performance and economic complementation between different materials, and the connection between copper and steel by dissimilar metals is one of the materials. The copper-steel composite structure has the advantages of good electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity of copper, good welding stability of steel materials, low price and the like, the excellent performances of the copper and the steel materials are perfectly combined, the respective defects are effectively avoided, and the economic benefit is maximized.
The copper-steel composite plate inevitably encounters the butt joint problem during the use process. Although copper and steel do not form brittle intermetallic compounds, the difference between the two is large in thermophysical properties, and thus thermal cracking is likely to occur at the time of interfacial bonding. Through systematic research, the hot cracking is mainly caused by the large difference between the melting points of copper and steel. When the copper element content in the molten pool is low and the steel content is high, the low-melting-point steel is solidified first, and then the low-melting-point copper is still in a liquid phase and distributed at the interface of the solidified steel crystal grains, so that cracking is caused under the action of welding thermal stress. Therefore, in order to overcome the cracking problem during the welding of the copper-steel composite plate, a proper transition layer material needs to be selected to ensure that the copper-steel composite plate can realize high-quality connection with copper and steel; in addition, the groove form of the butt joint of the composite plate, particularly the position and the size of the welding seam of the transition layer, needs to be considered, so that the proportion and the mixing condition of the alloy elements in the molten pool can be effectively controlled.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a nickel-chromium-based welding wire capable of effectively controlling heat cracking, which is specially used for welding a transition layer in the butt welding process of a copper-steel explosive composite plate and can effectively solve the problem of weld cracking in the welding process of the copper-steel composite plate.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the nickel-chromium-based welding wire capable of effectively controlling heat cracking.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide a groove form when the nickel-chromium-based welding wire for effectively controlling hot cracking is used for welding the copper-steel composite plate.
The first technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the nickel-chromium-based welding wire capable of effectively controlling hot cracking comprises a flux core and a welding skin, wherein the flux core comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 40.0 to 60.0 percent of Cr powder, 20.0 to 30.0 percent of Nb powder and 20.0 to 30.0 percent of Mo powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent.
The present invention is also characterized in that,
the granularity of each medicinal powder is 100-200 meshes.
The welding skin is a pure nickel strap, the thickness of the nickel strap is 0.4mm, and the width of the nickel strap is 7mm.
The second technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the preparation method of the nickel-chromium-based welding wire capable of effectively controlling hot cracking comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: weighing the following medicinal powder in percentage by mass: 40.0 to 60.0 percent of Cr powder, 20.0 to 30.0 percent of Nb powder and 20.0 to 30.0 percent of Mo powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent;
and 2, step: heating the medicinal powder weighed in the step 1 in a vacuum heating furnace at 220-320 ℃ for 2.5-3.5h, and removing crystal water in the medicinal powder; placing the dried medicinal powder into a powder mixer for fully mixing for 3.5-5h;
and step 3: a pure nickel strip is used as a welding skin, oil on the surface of the pure nickel strip is removed by alcohol, the powder prepared in the step 2 is wrapped in the pure nickel strip by flux-cored wire drawing equipment, and the aperture of a first drawing die is 2.6mm;
and 4, step 4: after the first process is finished, the aperture of the die is reduced in sequence, and finally the flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.0-1.2 mm is obtained;
and 5: and after the flux-cored wire is drawn, the flux-cored wire is wound on a wire reel through a wire winding machine and finally sealed in a flux-cored wire vacuum packaging bag for later use.
The present invention is also characterized in that,
in the step 1, the granularity of each medicinal powder is 100-200 meshes.
In the step 3, the thickness of the nickel strap is 0.4mm, and the width of the nickel strap is 7mm; the filling rate of the flux-cored wire is controlled to be 25-30 wt.%.
The third technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the groove form when the nickel-chromium-based welding wire capable of effectively controlling hot cracking is adopted to weld the copper-steel composite plate is adopted, two sides of the copper-steel composite plate are respectively provided with asymmetric V-shaped grooves, wherein the angle of the copper side groove is 90 degrees, the angle of the steel side groove is 50 degrees, the distance from the bottom of the copper side groove to the interface of the copper-steel composite plate is 1-3mm, and 2 layers of welding seams are welded for reducing the dilution rate when the transition layer is welded.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The welding wire is suitable for welding the transition layer of the copper-steel composite plate, and can effectively solve the problem of weld cracking in the welding process of the copper-steel composite plate.
(2) The nickel-chromium-based welding wire has the advantages that the main elements of nickel and the base metal copper can be infinitely dissolved, the solid solubility between the nickel and the base metal steel is high, and the brittle intermetallic compound is not generated. Thus, the nickel-chromium-based welding wire can be used for realizing metallurgical connection of a copper side welding seam and a steel welding seam. In addition, the invention has requirements on the groove form and the bottom of the transition layer and the copper-steel interface (the distance between the bottom of the copper side groove and the copper-steel composite plate interface is 2 mm), and can effectively solve the problem that copper element permeates into steel weld grains to cause cracking during the welding of the transition layer. The invention designs 2 layers of welding seams for the transition layer, which can effectively reduce the dilution rate, thereby controlling the content of Fe element in the molten pool.
(3) The components of the nickel-chromium-based welding wire for the transition layer of the copper-steel composite plate can be flexibly adjusted according to the powder proportion; compared with a solid welding wire, the flux-cored welding wire has higher cladding efficiency.
(4) The groove form designed by the invention has lower operation requirements on welding workers, thereby improving the production efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a groove form of a copper-steel composite plate when the welding wire of the present invention is used for welding the copper-steel composite plate;
FIG. 2 is a sequence of welding copper-steel composite panels using the welding wire of the present invention during welding of copper-steel composite panels;
fig. 3 is a macroscopic structure topography diagram of a transition layer welding seam, a bottom steel matrix and an upper copper welding seam when the flux-cored wire prepared in the embodiment 2 is used for welding a transition layer of a copper-steel composite plate.
Fig. 4 is a high power structure morphology diagram of a transition layer welding seam when the flux-cored wire prepared in the embodiment 2 is used for welding a copper-steel composite plate transition layer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a nickel-chromium-based welding wire capable of effectively controlling heat cracking, which comprises a flux core and a welding skin, wherein the flux core consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 40.0 to 60.0 percent of Cr powder, 20.0 to 30.0 percent of Nb powder and 20.0 to 30.0 percent of Mo powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent.
The granularity of each medicinal powder is 100-200 meshes; the welding skin is a pure nickel strap, the thickness of the nickel strap is 0.4mm, and the width of the nickel strap is 7mm.
The main alloy components in the flux-cored wire have the following functions and functions:
the Ni element is the main alloy element of the flux-cored wire, can improve the strength of the welding line and enables the welding line to have good plasticity and toughness. The weldability of Ni and Fe and Ni and Cu is good, so that the welding seam of the transition layer mainly takes Ni as the main part and can effectively play a role of connecting Cu and Fe.
The Cr element is used as a main alloy element of the flux-cored wire powder, can reduce the formation of a gamma phase in a welding line and stabilize an alpha phase. When the content of Cr element in the welding seam reaches a certain content, cr is generated on the surface of the welding seam 2 O 3 And the protective layer plays roles of oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance.
The Nb element is used as a main alloy element of the flux-cored wire powder, the weldability between Nb and Ni is good, and the bonding strength between a transition layer welding seam and a bottom steel matrix can be improved. No brittle intermetallic compounds are formed between Nb and Cu.
Mo is used as a main alloy element of the flux-cored wire powder, the Mo and the Cr can be infinitely dissolved in solid, and the Mo mainly plays a solid solution strengthening role in a Ni-rich matrix, so that the strength of a welding seam is improved.
When the flux-cored wire is used for welding the transition layer, the transition layer is divided into 2 layers for welding seams, and lower heat input is adopted, so that the flux-cored wire has the following functions and functions: the flux-cored wire mainly comprises Ni elements, and when the flux-cored wire is used for first-layer welding, ni elements and Fe elements exist in a welding seam of a transition layer at the same time, wherein the content of the Fe elements is lower than that of the Ni elements; when the welding seam of the second layer is welded, cu, ni and Fe elements exist in the welding seam of the transition layer at the same time, and the Fe element in the welding seam of the second layer of the transition layer is less than that in the first layer. In this case, the weld of the second transition layer has a high content of Cu and Ni, and only a small amount of Fe is present. Because the melting point of Fe is higher, the nucleation is preferential, and even if solidification shrinkage exists, a large amount of Cu liquid phase in a surrounding molten pool can be supplemented in time, so that the generation of solidification cracks is fundamentally inhibited.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the nickel-chromium-based welding wire for effectively controlling hot cracking, which comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: weighing the following medicinal powder in percentage by mass: 40.0 to 60.0 percent of Cr powder, 20.0 to 30.0 percent of Nb powder and 20.0 to 30.0 percent of Mo powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent;
in the step 1, the purity of Cr powder is more than or equal to 99.9 percent, the purity of Nb powder is more than or equal to 99.9 percent, the purity of Mo powder is more than or equal to 99.9 percent, and the granularity of each powder is 100-200 meshes;
and 2, step: heating the powder weighed in the step 1 in a vacuum heating furnace at 220-320 ℃ for 2.5-3.5h, and removing crystal water in the powder; placing the dried medicinal powder into a powder mixer for fully mixing for 3.5-5h;
and step 3: a pure nickel strip is used as a welding skin, oil on the surface of the pure nickel strip is removed by alcohol, the powder prepared in the step 2 is wrapped in the pure nickel strip by flux-cored wire drawing equipment, and the aperture of a first drawing die is 2.6mm; in the step 3, the thickness of the nickel strap is 0.4mm, and the width of the nickel strap is 7mm; the filling rate of the flux-cored wire is controlled to be 25-30 wt.%.
And 4, step 4: after the first process is finished, the aperture of the die is reduced in sequence, and finally the flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.0-1.2 mm is obtained;
and 5: and after the flux-cored wire is drawn, winding the flux-cored wire on a wire reel through a wire winding machine, and finally sealing the flux-cored wire in a flux-cored wire vacuum packaging bag for later use.
The invention also provides a bevel form when the nickel-chromium-based welding wire for effectively controlling hot cracking is adopted to weld the copper-steel composite plate, wherein asymmetric V-shaped bevels are respectively arranged on two sides of the copper-steel composite plate, the angle of the copper side bevel is 90 degrees, the angle of the steel side bevel is 50 degrees, the distance from the bottom of the copper side bevel to the interface of the copper-steel composite plate is 1-3mm, and 2 layers of welding seams are welded in order to reduce the dilution rate during welding of the transition layer, and lower heat input is adopted.
Example 1
Step 1: weighing the following medicinal powder in percentage by mass: 40.0 percent of Cr powder, 30 percent of Nb powder and 30.0 percent of Mo powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent; the granularity of each medicinal powder is 100 meshes;
step 2: heating the powder weighed in the step 1 in a vacuum heating furnace at the heating temperature of 300 ℃ for 2.5 hours, and removing crystal water in the powder; putting the dried medicinal powder into a powder mixing machine for fully mixing for 3.5h;
and 3, step 3: a pure nickel strip is adopted as a welding skin, oil on the surface of the pure nickel strip is removed by alcohol, the powder prepared in the step 2 is wrapped in the pure nickel strip by flux-cored wire drawing equipment, and the aperture of a first drawing die is 2.6mm; in the step 3, the thickness of the nickel strap is 0.4mm, and the width is 7mm; the filling rate of the flux-cored wire is controlled at 25wt.%.
And 4, step 4: after the first process is finished, the aperture of the die is reduced in sequence, and finally the flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.0mm is obtained.
And 5: and after the flux-cored wire is drawn, winding the flux-cored wire on a wire reel through a wire winding machine, and finally sealing the flux-cored wire in a flux-cored wire vacuum packaging bag for later use.
The nickel-chromium-based welding wire prepared in the embodiment 1 is used for welding a copper-steel composite plate, wherein two sides of the composite plate are respectively provided with an asymmetric V-shaped groove, the angle of the copper side groove is 90 degrees, the angle of the steel side groove is 50 degrees, the bottom of the copper side groove is 2mm away from the interface of the copper-steel composite plate, and 2 layers of welding seams are adopted for welding a transition layer. The groove size is shown in fig. 1. The composite plate welding sequence is shown in fig. 2: firstly, welding a steel layer, wherein the welding material is an ER50-6 welding wire (the diameter is 1.2 mm), and the welding current is 150-160A; then, welding a transition layer, adopting the flux-cored wire of the invention, welding current is 100-120A, and welding 2 layers of welding seams; finally, welding the copper side, wherein the welding material is ERCuSi-Al (the diameter is 1.2 mm), and the welding current is 200-250A.
Through tests, the tensile strength of the welding joint of the copper-steel composite plate is 344MPa, and the elongation is 12%.
Example 2
Step 1: weighing the following medicinal powder in percentage by mass: 50.0 percent of Cr powder, 25.0 percent of Nb powder and 25.0 percent of Mo powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent; the granularity of each medicinal powder is 200 meshes;
step 2: heating the medicinal powder weighed in the step 1 in a vacuum heating furnace at 250 ℃ for 2.5 hours, and removing crystal water in the medicinal powder; putting the dried medicinal powder into a powder mixing machine for fully mixing for 3.5h;
and step 3: a pure nickel strip is used as a welding skin, oil on the surface of the pure nickel strip is removed by alcohol, the powder prepared in the step 2 is wrapped in the pure nickel strip by flux-cored wire drawing equipment, and the aperture of a first drawing die is 2.6mm; in the step 3, the thickness of the nickel strap is 0.4mm, and the width of the nickel strap is 7mm; the filling rate of the flux-cored wire is controlled at 28wt.%.
And 4, step 4: after the first process is finished, the aperture of the die is reduced in sequence, and finally the flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.2mm is obtained.
And 5: and after the flux-cored wire is drawn, the flux-cored wire is wound on a wire reel through a wire winding machine and finally sealed in a flux-cored wire vacuum packaging bag for later use.
The nickel-chromium-based welding wire prepared in the embodiment 2 is used for welding the copper-steel composite plate, wherein two sides of the composite plate are respectively provided with asymmetric V-shaped grooves, the angle of the copper side groove is 90 degrees, the angle of the steel side groove is 50 degrees, the bottom of the copper side groove is 2mm away from the interface of the copper-steel composite plate, and 2 layers of welding seams are adopted for welding the transition layer. The groove size is shown in fig. 1. The composite plate welding sequence is shown in fig. 2: firstly, welding a steel layer, wherein the welding material is an ER50-6 welding wire (the diameter is 1.2 mm), and the welding current is 150-160A; then, welding a transition layer, adopting the flux-cored wire of the invention, welding current is 100-120A, and welding 2 layers of welding seams; finally, welding the copper side, wherein the welding material is ERCuSi-Al (the diameter is 1.2 mm), and the welding current is 200-250A.
The test shows that the tensile strength of the welding joint of the copper-steel composite plate is 382MPa, and the elongation is 17%.
The nickel-chromium-based welding wire prepared in example 2 is welded with a copper-steel composite plate transition layer. The interface of the transition layer weld joint and the steel weld joint is shown in fig. 3, the transition layer weld joint and the steel weld joint are well combined, and no defects such as cracks, air holes and the like are found. The microstructure of the weld of the transition layer is shown in FIG. 4, and is mainly austenite, and the morphology of the weld is cellular dendrite.
Example 3
Step 1: weighing the following medicinal powder in percentage by mass: 60.0 percent of Cr powder, 20.0 percent of Nb powder and 20.0 percent of Mo powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent; the granularity of each medicinal powder is 200 meshes;
step 2: heating the medicinal powder weighed in the step 1 in a vacuum heating furnace at 220 ℃ for 3.5 hours, and removing crystal water in the medicinal powder; putting the dried medicinal powder into a powder mixing machine for fully mixing for 5h;
and step 3: a pure nickel strip is adopted as a welding skin, oil on the surface of the pure nickel strip is removed by alcohol, the powder prepared in the step 2 is wrapped in the pure nickel strip by flux-cored wire drawing equipment, and the aperture of a first drawing die is 2.6mm; in the step 3, the thickness of the nickel strap is 0.4mm, and the width of the nickel strap is 7mm; the filling rate of the flux-cored wire is controlled at 30wt.%.
And 4, step 4: after the first process is finished, the aperture of the die is reduced in sequence, and finally the flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.0mm is obtained.
And 5: and after the flux-cored wire is drawn, winding the flux-cored wire on a wire reel through a wire winding machine, and finally sealing the flux-cored wire in a flux-cored wire vacuum packaging bag for later use.
The nickel-chromium-based welding wire prepared in the embodiment 3 is used for welding the copper-steel composite plate, wherein two sides of the composite plate are respectively provided with asymmetric V-shaped grooves, the angle of the copper side groove is 90 degrees, the angle of the steel side groove is 50 degrees, the distance from the bottom of the copper side groove to the interface of the copper-steel composite plate is 2mm, and 2 layers of welding seams are adopted for welding the transition layer. The groove size is shown in fig. 1. The composite plate welding sequence is shown in fig. 2: firstly, welding a steel layer, wherein the welding material is an ER50-6 welding wire (the diameter is 1.2 mm), and the welding current is 150-160A; then, welding a transition layer, adopting the flux-cored wire of the invention, welding current is 100-120A, and welding 2 layers of welding seams; finally, welding the copper side, wherein the welding material is ERCuSi-Al (the diameter is 1.2 mm), and the welding current is 200-250A.
The test shows that the tensile strength of the welding joint of the copper-steel composite plate is 395MPa, and the elongation is 15%.
Example 4
Step 1: weighing the following medicinal powder in percentage by mass: 55.0 percent of Cr powder, 25.0 percent of Nb powder and 20.0 percent of Mo powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent; the granularity of each medicinal powder is 200 meshes;
and 2, step: heating the powder weighed in the step 1 in a vacuum heating furnace at 280 ℃ for 3 hours, and removing crystal water in the powder; putting the dried medicinal powder into a powder mixer for fully mixing for 4h;
and step 3: a pure nickel strip is adopted as a welding skin, oil on the surface of the pure nickel strip is removed by alcohol, the powder prepared in the step 2 is wrapped in the pure nickel strip by flux-cored wire drawing equipment, and the aperture of a first drawing die is 2.6mm; in the step 3, the thickness of the nickel strap is 0.4mm, and the width is 7mm; the filling rate of the flux-cored wire is controlled at 30wt.%.
And 4, step 4: after the first process is finished, the aperture of the die is reduced in sequence, and finally the flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.0mm is obtained.
And 5: and after the flux-cored wire is drawn, winding the flux-cored wire on a wire reel through a wire winding machine, and finally sealing the flux-cored wire in a flux-cored wire vacuum packaging bag for later use.
The nickel-chromium-based welding wire prepared in the embodiment 4 is used for welding the copper-steel composite plate, wherein asymmetric V-shaped grooves are respectively formed in two sides of the composite plate, the angle of the copper side groove is 90 degrees, the angle of the steel side groove is 50 degrees, the distance between the bottom of the copper side groove and the interface of the copper-steel composite plate is 1mm, and 2 layers of welding seams are adopted for welding the transition layer. The groove pattern is shown in fig. 1. The composite plate welding sequence is shown in fig. 2: firstly, welding a steel layer, wherein the welding material is an ER50-6 welding wire (the diameter is 1.2 mm), and the welding current is 150-160A; then, welding a transition layer, adopting the flux-cored wire of the invention, welding current is 100-120A, and welding 2 layers of welding seams; finally, welding the copper side, wherein the welding material is ERCuSi-Al (the diameter is 1.2 mm), and the welding current is 200-250A.
Through tests, the tensile strength of the welding joint of the copper-steel composite plate is 367MPa, and the elongation is 17%.
Example 5
Step 1: weighing the following medicinal powder in percentage by mass: 45.0 percent of Cr powder, 30.0 percent of Nb powder and 25.0 percent of Mo powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent; the granularity of each medicinal powder is 100 meshes;
step 2: heating the powder weighed in the step 1 in a vacuum heating furnace at 270 ℃ for 2 hours, and removing crystal water in the powder; putting the dried medicinal powder into a powder mixer for fully mixing for 3h;
and 3, step 3: a pure nickel strip is used as a welding skin, oil on the surface of the pure nickel strip is removed by alcohol, the powder prepared in the step 2 is wrapped in the pure nickel strip by flux-cored wire drawing equipment, and the aperture of a first drawing die is 2.6mm; in the step 3, the thickness of the nickel strap is 0.4mm, and the width is 7mm; the filling rate of the flux-cored wire is controlled at 25wt.%.
And 4, step 4: after the first process is finished, the aperture of the die is reduced in sequence, and finally the flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.2mm is obtained.
And 5: and after the flux-cored wire is drawn, the flux-cored wire is wound on a wire reel through a wire winding machine and finally sealed in a flux-cored wire vacuum packaging bag for later use.
The nickel-chromium-based welding wire prepared in the embodiment 5 is used for welding a copper-steel composite plate, wherein asymmetric V-shaped grooves are respectively formed in two sides of the composite plate, the angle of the copper side groove is 90 degrees, the angle of the steel side groove is 50 degrees, the distance from the bottom of the copper side groove to the interface of the copper-steel composite plate is 3mm, and 2 layers of welding seams are adopted for welding a transition layer. The groove pattern is shown in fig. 1. The composite plate welding sequence is shown in fig. 2: firstly, welding a steel layer, wherein the welding material is an ER50-6 welding wire (the diameter is 1.2 mm), and the welding current is 150-160A; then, welding a transition layer, adopting the flux-cored wire of the invention, welding current is 100-120A, and welding 2 layers of welding seams; finally, welding the copper side, wherein the welding material is ERCuSi-Al (the diameter is 1.2 mm), and the welding current is 200-250A.
Through tests, the tensile strength of the welding joint of the copper-steel composite plate is 378MPa, and the elongation is 15%.
Claims (2)
1. The nickel-chromium-based welding wire capable of effectively controlling hot cracking is characterized by comprising a flux core and a welding skin, wherein the flux core comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 40.0 to 60.0 percent of Cr powder, 20.0 to 30.0 percent of Nb powder and 20.0 to 30.0 percent of Mo powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent;
the granularity of each medicinal powder is 100 to 200 meshes;
the welding skin is a pure nickel strap, the thickness of the nickel strap is 0.4mm, and the width of the nickel strap is 7mm; the filling rate of the flux-cored wire is controlled to be 25wt.% to 30wt.%.
2. A preparation method of a nickel-chromium-based welding wire capable of effectively controlling heat cracking is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
step 1: weighing the following medicinal powder in percentage by mass: 40.0 to 60.0 percent of Cr powder, 20.0 to 30.0 percent of Nb powder and 20.0 to 30.0 percent of Mo powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent;
step 2: heating the medicinal powder weighed in the step 1 in a vacuum heating furnace at the temperature of 220-320 ℃ for 2.5-3.5h, and removing crystal water in the medicinal powder; putting the dried medicinal powder into a powder mixer for fully mixing for 3.5-5h;
and step 3: a pure nickel strip is adopted as a welding skin, oil on the surface of the pure nickel strip is removed by alcohol, the powder prepared in the step 2 is wrapped in the pure nickel strip by flux-cored wire drawing equipment, and the aperture of a first drawing die is 2.6mm;
and 4, step 4: after the drawing of the first process is finished, the hole diameters of the dies are sequentially reduced, and finally the flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.0 to 1.2mm is obtained;
and 5: after the flux-cored wire is completely drawn, the flux-cored wire is wound on a wire reel through a wire winding machine and finally sealed in a flux-cored wire vacuum packaging bag for standby;
in the step 1, the granularity of each medicinal powder is 100 to 200 meshes;
in the step 3, the thickness of the nickel strap is 0.4mm, and the width of the nickel strap is 7mm; the filling rate of the flux-cored wire is controlled to be 25wt.% to 30wt.%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110966117.5A CN113732560B (en) | 2021-08-23 | 2021-08-23 | Nickel-chromium-based welding wire capable of effectively controlling heat cracking, method and groove form |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110966117.5A CN113732560B (en) | 2021-08-23 | 2021-08-23 | Nickel-chromium-based welding wire capable of effectively controlling heat cracking, method and groove form |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113732560A CN113732560A (en) | 2021-12-03 |
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| CN114260615B (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2023-03-17 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Welding wire for welding T91-TP304H dissimilar materials and preparation method thereof |
| CN114535859B (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2023-08-08 | 康硕(山西)低应力制造系统技术研究院有限公司 | Nickel-steel composite material arc 3D printing welding wire and preparation and additive manufacturing method |
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| CN102896441A (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2013-01-30 | 海门市威菱焊材制造有限公司 | Core soldering wire for spraying and preparation method thereof |
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| CN105522296A (en) * | 2016-02-17 | 2016-04-27 | 北京工业大学 | Nickel base 625 welding wire of single-surface welding and double-surface molding argon arc backing welding without argon filling on back surface |
| CN106493481A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-03-15 | 西安理工大学 | Titanium steel composite board flux-cored wire used for welding and preparation method thereof |
| CN107283087A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-10-24 | 西安理工大学 | Titanium copper steel composite board flux-cored wire used for welding and its welding groove form |
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| CN102896441A (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2013-01-30 | 海门市威菱焊材制造有限公司 | Core soldering wire for spraying and preparation method thereof |
| JP2015217395A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2015-12-07 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Ni-BASED ALLOY FLUX-CORED WIRE |
| CN105522296A (en) * | 2016-02-17 | 2016-04-27 | 北京工业大学 | Nickel base 625 welding wire of single-surface welding and double-surface molding argon arc backing welding without argon filling on back surface |
| CN106493481A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-03-15 | 西安理工大学 | Titanium steel composite board flux-cored wire used for welding and preparation method thereof |
| CN107283087A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-10-24 | 西安理工大学 | Titanium copper steel composite board flux-cored wire used for welding and its welding groove form |
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