CN111673311B - Welding wire for TA1-Q235B middle layer welding and preparation method - Google Patents

Welding wire for TA1-Q235B middle layer welding and preparation method Download PDF

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CN111673311B
CN111673311B CN202010426917.3A CN202010426917A CN111673311B CN 111673311 B CN111673311 B CN 111673311B CN 202010426917 A CN202010426917 A CN 202010426917A CN 111673311 B CN111673311 B CN 111673311B
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powder
flux
welding
cored wire
wire
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CN111673311A (en
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褚巧玲
仝雄伟
许帅
李继红
张敏
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Xian University of Technology
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Xian University of Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
    • B23K35/0261—Rods, electrodes, wires
    • B23K35/0266—Rods, electrodes, wires flux-cored
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
    • B23K35/406—Filled tubular wire or rods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • B23K9/167—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)
  • Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a welding wire for welding a TA1-Q235B middle layer, which comprises a flux core and a welding skin, wherein the flux comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 30-40% of Cr powder, 30-40% of Co powder and 20-30% of Ni powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%. The welding wire solves the problem that the TA1-Q235B laminated composite board cannot be directly welded and butted. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the welding wire for welding the TA1-Q235B middle layer and an arc starting position when the welding wire is used for welding the TA1-Q235B laminated composite plate middle layer.

Description

Welding wire for TA1-Q235B middle layer welding and preparation method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal material welding, and particularly relates to a welding wire for welding a TA1-Q235B middle layer, a preparation method of the welding wire and a TIG arc starting position of a middle layer welding line when the welding wire is used for welding a TA1-Q235 layered composite plate.
Background
The TA1-Q235B layered composite board is prepared by explosion welding, has the characteristics of excellent corrosion resistance of TA1 and high strength of Q235B, and is an ideal choice for the petrochemical industry. It has been shown in the prior art that the reaction between Ti and Fe, the main alloying elements of TA1 and Q235B, produces brittle intermetallic compounds (Fe)2Ti and FeTi) causing brittle fracture when the two are directly fusion-welded. At present, the butt welding of the TA1-Q235B laminated composite plate is mainly carried out in an overlap welding mode, namely, a titanium cover plate structure is added, TA1 and TA1 are welded during welding, Q235B and Q235B are welded, and welding of an intermediate layer (connecting a TA1 welding seam and a Q235 welding seam) is not carried out. The welding method has complex process and difficult operation, and is difficult to realize engineering application. Therefore, the TA1-Q235B intermediate layer is developed to be made of welding materials, so that direct fusion welding connection is realized, and the method has important engineering practical significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a welding wire for welding an intermediate layer of TA1-Q235B, which solves the problem that a TA1-Q235B laminated composite plate cannot be directly welded and butted.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the welding wire for TA1-Q235B intermediate layer welding.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide an arc starting position when welding the intermediate layer of the layered composite sheet TA1-Q235B using the above-described welding wire.
The first technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the welding wire for welding the middle layer of TA1-Q235B is characterized by comprising a flux core and a welding skin, wherein the flux powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 30-40% of Cr powder, 30-40% of Co powder and 20-30% of Ni powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.
The present invention is also characterized in that,
the purity of Cr powder is more than or equal to 99.9 percent, the purity of Co powder is more than or equal to 99.9 percent, the purity of Ni powder is more than or equal to 99.9 percent, and the granularity of 3 kinds of metal powder is 200 meshes.
The welding skin is a red copper strip, the thickness of the red copper strip is 0.3mm, and the width of the red copper strip is 7 mm.
The filling amount of the flux-cored wire is controlled to be 30-35 wt%.
The second technical scheme adopted by the invention is a preparation method of the welding wire for welding the TA1-Q235B middle layer, which comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: respectively weighing 30-40% of Cr powder, 30-40% of Co powder and 20-30% of Ni powder according to mass percent, wherein the sum of the mass percent of the components is 100%;
step 2: placing the Cr powder, the Co powder and the Ni powder weighed in the step 1 into a vacuum heating furnace for heating, and removing crystal water in the medicinal powder; placing the dried medicinal powder in a powder mixer for fully mixing;
and step 3: removing grease on the surface of the red copper strip by using alcohol, wrapping the medicinal powder prepared in the step (2) in the red copper strip by using flux-cored wire drawing equipment, wherein the aperture of a first drawing die is 2.5 mm;
and 4, step 4: after the first process drawing is finished, the aperture of the die is changed to 2.3mm, 2.2mm, 2.1mm, 2.0mm, 1.9mm, 1.8mm, 1.7mm and 1.6mm in sequence for drawing;
and 5: carrying out heat treatment on the flux-cored wire prepared in the step 4 in a vacuum heat treatment furnace;
step 6: drawing the flux-cored wire subjected to the heat treatment in the step 5 by dies with the aperture of 1.5mm, 1.4mm, 1.3mm and 1.2mm in sequence to finally obtain the flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.2 mm;
and 7: and after the flux-cored wire is drawn, the flux-cored wire is wound on a wire reel through a wire winding machine and finally sealed in a flux-cored wire vacuum packaging bag for later use.
The present invention is also characterized in that,
in step 1, the purity of Cr powder is more than or equal to 99.9%, the purity of Co powder is more than or equal to 99.9%, the purity of Ni powder is more than or equal to 99.9%, and the granularity of 3 metal powders is 200 meshes.
In the step 2, the heating temperature in the vacuum heating furnace is 200 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2.5 h; mixing in a powder mixer for 40 min.
In the step 3, the thickness of the red copper strip is 0.3mm, and the width is 7 mm; the filling amount of the flux-cored powder in the flux-cored wire is controlled to be 30-35 wt%.
In the step 5, the heating temperature of the heat treatment is 460 ℃, and the time of the heat treatment is 2.5 h.
The third technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the arc striking position when the welding wire is adopted to weld the middle layer of the TA1-Q235B laminated composite plate is 0-1.5mm below the interface of the composite plate at the TIG arc striking position when the welding seam of the middle layer is welded.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the flux-cored wire has a small diameter, the wire diameter is 1.2mm, and the flux-cored wire is widely applicable, and can be used for TIG welding and MIG welding;
(2) the flux-cored wire takes Cr, Co and Ni elements as main components of the traditional Chinese medicine powder in the flux-cored wire, and is vital to selection and application of intermediate layer materials for direct fusion welding connection of TA1-Q235B layered composite boards. As can be seen from the binary phase diagrams of Ti-Cr, Ti-Co and Ti-Ni, the Cr, Co and Ni elements react with the Ti element at high temperature to generate beta-Ti solid solution with better toughness, thereby reducing the generation of brittle intermetallic compounds by the reaction between the Ti element and the Fe element. The main component of the flux-cored wire welding skin is Cu, and the melting point of Cu is lower than that of Ti and Fe. Brittle intermetallic compounds are not formed between Cu and Fe, and a plurality of compounds with relatively good plasticity and toughness can be generated by the reaction between Cu and Ti, so that Fe in the welding line is inhibited2Generation of brittle phases of Ti and FeTi;
(3) an asymmetric double-V-shaped groove is formed in the TA1-Q235B layered composite plate, the Q235B layer is welded at the groove on the Q235B side by using an ER50-6 welding wire (MIG welding), and then the middle layer is welded at the groove on the TA1 side by using the flux-cored wire (TIG welding). When the middle layer is required to be welded, the TIG electric arc starts an arc 0-1.5mm below the TA1-Q235B interface. Finally, welding a TA1 layer by using an ERTi-1 welding wire (TIG welding), wherein the obtained welding joint has excellent obdurability;
(4) the flux-cored wire has less alloy elements, simple preparation process and convenient large-scale batch production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the TIG arc starting position of a welding seam in an intermediate layer of a TA1-Q235B laminated composite plate in the invention;
FIG. 2 is a macroscopic structural morphology diagram of an integral scanning electron microscope of a welding seam of the flux-cored wire prepared in embodiment 2 of the invention when a TA1-Q235B layered composite plate is welded;
FIG. 3 is a scanning electron microscope microscopic high-power microstructure topography of a middle layer welding seam and a Q235B layer of the flux-cored wire prepared in embodiment 2 of the invention when a TA1-Q235B layered composite plate is welded;
fig. 4 is a scanning electron microscope microscopic high-power microstructure topography of a middle layer welding seam and a TA1 layer of the flux-cored wire prepared in embodiment 2 of the invention when a TA1-Q235B layered composite plate is welded.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a welding wire for welding a TA1-Q235B middle layer, which comprises a flux core and a welding skin, wherein the flux comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 30-40% of Cr powder, 30-40% of Co powder and 20-30% of Ni powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.
The purity of Cr powder is more than or equal to 99.9 percent, the purity of Co powder is more than or equal to 99.9 percent, the purity of Ni powder is more than or equal to 99.9 percent, and the granularity of 3 kinds of metal powder is 200 meshes.
The welding skin is a red copper strip, the thickness of the red copper strip is 0.3mm, and the width of the red copper strip is 7 mm.
The filling amount of the flux-cored wire is controlled to be 30-35 wt%.
The flux-cored wire comprises the following components in parts by weight:
cu element is used as the main alloy element of the flux-cored wire and reacts with Fe element to generate copper-based solid solution and iron-based solid solution with good plasticity and toughness, and brittle intermetallic compounds are not generated, so that the effect of diluting Fe in welding seams can be achieved2The brittle intermetallic compounds of Ti and FeTi. According to the Ti-Cu binary phase diagram, Cu element and Ti element react to generate a plurality of Cu-Ti series compounds with better toughness, so that the reaction between Fe element and Ti element to generate brittle intermetallic compounds can be reduced. Cu is used as the main element of the welding line of the middle layer, the melting point of Cu is low, the fluidity is good, and Fe2The melting points of the brittle phases of Ti and FeTi are relatively high. In the process of solidification of the intermediate layer weld, Fe2The Ti and FeTi brittle phases are preferentially solidified, and the residual Cu liquid phase in the welding seam is wrapped around the brittle phases, so that the ductility and toughness of the welding seam of the middle layer can be improved;
cr, Co and Ni elements are used as main components of the traditional Chinese medicine powder in the flux-cored wire, and as the weldability of the Cr, Co, Ni and Fe elements is close, a continuous solid solution can be formed during fusion welding connection, and the toughness is good, so that the bonding strength of a middle-layer welding line and a bottom Q235B welding line is improved; at high temperature, Cr, Co and Ni elements are dissolved in Ti to form a beta-Ti solid solution, so that the toughness is good; a continuous solid solution can be formed between the Ni element and the Cu element, so that Cu-Ti intermetallic compounds generated between Cu and Ti can be reduced;
the invention also provides a preparation method of the welding wire for welding the TA1-Q235B middle layer, which comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: respectively weighing 30-40% of Cr powder, 30-40% of Co powder and 20-30% of Ni powder according to mass percent, wherein the sum of the mass percent of the components is 100%; in step 1, the purity of Cr powder is more than or equal to 99.9%, the purity of Co powder is more than or equal to 99.9%, the purity of Ni powder is more than or equal to 99.9%, and the granularity of 3 metal powders is 200 meshes.
Step 2: placing the Cr powder, the Co powder and the Ni powder weighed in the step 1 into a vacuum heating furnace for heating, and removing crystal water in the medicinal powder; placing the dried medicinal powder in a powder mixer for fully mixing; in the step 2, the heating temperature in the vacuum heating furnace is 200 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2.5 h; mixing in a powder mixer for 40 min.
And step 3: removing grease on the surface of the red copper strip by using alcohol, wrapping the medicinal powder prepared in the step (2) in the red copper strip by using flux-cored wire drawing equipment, wherein the aperture of a first drawing die is 2.5 mm; in the step 3, the thickness of the red copper strip is 0.3mm, and the width is 7 mm; the filling amount of the flux-cored powder in the flux-cored wire is controlled to be 30-35 wt%.
And 4, step 4: after the first process drawing is finished, the aperture of the die is changed to 2.3mm, 2.2mm, 2.1mm, 2.0mm, 1.9mm, 1.8mm, 1.7mm and 1.6mm in sequence for drawing;
and 5: carrying out heat treatment on the flux-cored wire prepared in the step 4 in a vacuum heat treatment furnace; in the step 5, the heating temperature of the heat treatment is 460 ℃, and the time of the heat treatment is 2.5 h.
Step 6: drawing the flux-cored wire subjected to the heat treatment in the step 5 by dies with the aperture of 1.5mm, 1.4mm, 1.3mm and 1.2mm in sequence to finally obtain the flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.2 mm;
and 7: and after the flux-cored wire is drawn, the flux-cored wire is wound on a wire reel through a wire winding machine and finally sealed in a flux-cored wire vacuum packaging bag for later use.
The invention also provides an arc striking position when the welding wire is adopted to weld the middle layer of the TA1-Q235B laminated composite plate, and the TIG arc striking position when the welding seam of the middle layer is welded is 0-1.5mm below the interface of the composite plate.
Example 1
Step 1: respectively weighing 40% of Cr powder, 30% of Co powder and 30% of Ni powder according to the mass percent, wherein the sum of the mass percent of the components is 100%; in step 1, the purity of Cr powder is more than or equal to 99.9%, the purity of Co powder is more than or equal to 99.9%, the purity of Ni powder is more than or equal to 99.9%, and the granularity of 3 metal powders is 200 meshes.
Step 2: placing the Cr powder, the Co powder and the Ni powder weighed in the step 1 into a vacuum heating furnace for heating, wherein the heating temperature is 200 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2.5 hours, and removing crystal water in the medicinal powder; placing the dried medicinal powder in a powder mixer for fully mixing; mixing in a powder mixer for 40 min.
And step 3: removing grease on the surface of the red copper strip by using alcohol, wrapping the medicinal powder prepared in the step (2) in the red copper strip by using flux-cored wire drawing equipment, wherein the aperture of a first drawing die is 2.5 mm; in the step 3, the thickness of the red copper strip is 0.3mm, and the width is 7 mm; the filling amount of the flux-cored powder in the flux-cored wire is controlled to be 30 wt%.
And 4, step 4: after the first process drawing is finished, the aperture of the die is changed to 2.3mm, 2.2mm, 2.1mm, 2.0mm, 1.9mm, 1.8mm, 1.7mm and 1.6mm in sequence for drawing;
and 5: carrying out heat treatment on the flux-cored wire prepared in the step 4 in a vacuum heat treatment furnace, wherein the heating temperature is 460 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2.5 hours;
step 6: drawing the flux-cored wire subjected to the heat treatment in the step 5 by dies with the aperture of 1.5mm, 1.4mm, 1.3mm and 1.2mm in sequence to finally obtain the flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.2 mm;
and 7: and after the flux-cored wire is drawn, the flux-cored wire is wound on a wire reel through a wire winding machine and finally sealed in a flux-cored wire vacuum packaging bag for later use.
A TA1-Q235B composite plate is welded by using a flux cored wire as the middle layer of the TA1-Q235B laminated composite plate prepared in example 1, and matching an ERTi-1 welding wire (TA1 layer) and an ER50-6 welding wire (Q235B layer). The welding process comprises the following steps: an asymmetric double-V-shaped groove is formed in the TA1-Q235B layered composite plate, the Q235B layer is welded at the groove on the Q235B side by using ER50-6 welding wires (MIG welding), the middle layer is welded at the groove on the TA1 side by using the flux-cored wire (TIG welding), and finally the TA1 layer is welded by using ERTi-1 welding wires (TIG welding). During welding of the intermediate layer, the TIG arc striking position is at the composite plate interface (0mm), and the schematic diagram of the middle layer welding seam striking position is shown in figure 1. The welding current of the Q235B layer is 170-220A, the welding current of the middle layer is 100-120A, and the welding current of the TA1 layer is as follows: 100-.
Through tests, the mechanical properties of the welding joint are as follows: the tensile strength is 345MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 10 percent.
Example 2
Step 1: respectively weighing 35% of Cr powder, 35% of Co powder and 30% of Ni powder according to the mass percent, wherein the sum of the mass percent of the components is 100%; in step 1, the purity of Cr powder is more than or equal to 99.9%, the purity of Co powder is more than or equal to 99.9%, the purity of Ni powder is more than or equal to 99.9%, and the granularity of 3 metal powders is 200 meshes.
Step 2: placing the Cr powder, the Co powder and the Ni powder weighed in the step 1 into a vacuum heating furnace for heating, wherein the heating temperature is 200 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2.5 hours, and removing crystal water in the medicinal powder; placing the dried medicinal powder in a powder mixer for fully mixing; mixing in a powder mixer for 40 min.
And step 3: removing grease on the surface of the red copper strip by using alcohol, wrapping the medicinal powder prepared in the step (2) in the red copper strip by using flux-cored wire drawing equipment, wherein the aperture of a first drawing die is 2.5 mm; in the step 3, the thickness of the red copper strip is 0.3mm, and the width is 7 mm; the filling amount of the flux-cored powder in the flux-cored wire is controlled to be 35 wt%.
And 4, step 4: after the first process drawing is finished, the aperture of the die is changed to 2.3mm, 2.2mm, 2.1mm, 2.0mm, 1.9mm, 1.8mm, 1.7mm and 1.6mm in sequence for drawing;
and 5: carrying out heat treatment on the flux-cored wire prepared in the step 4 in a vacuum heat treatment furnace, wherein the heating temperature is 460 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2.5 hours;
step 6: drawing the flux-cored wire subjected to the heat treatment in the step 5 by dies with the aperture of 1.5mm, 1.4mm, 1.3mm and 1.2mm in sequence to finally obtain the flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.2 mm;
and 7: and after the flux-cored wire is drawn, the flux-cored wire is wound on a wire reel through a wire winding machine and finally sealed in a flux-cored wire vacuum packaging bag for later use.
A TA1-Q235B composite plate is welded by using TA1-Q235B laminated composite plate middle layer flux cored wire prepared in example 2, and matching ERTi-1 welding wire (TA1 layer) and ER50-6 welding wire (Q235B layer). The welding process comprises the following steps: an asymmetric double-V-shaped groove is formed in the TA1-Q235B layered composite plate, the Q235B layer is welded at the groove on the Q235B side by using ER50-6 welding wires (MIG welding), the middle layer is welded at the groove on the TA1 side by using the flux-cored wire (TIG welding), and finally the TA1 layer is welded by using ERTi-1 welding wires (TIG welding). And when the middle layer is welded, the TIG electric arc arcing position is 1.0mm below the interface of the composite plate. The welding current of the Q235B layer is 170-220A, the welding current of the middle layer is 100-120A, and the welding current of the TA1 layer is as follows: 100-.
Through tests, the mechanical properties of the welding joint are as follows: the tensile strength is 385MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 17%.
The flux-cored wire prepared in the embodiment 2 is welded with the TA1-Q235B layered composite board, and the overall low-power scanning electron microscope morphology of the obtained welding joint is shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 3 is the scanning electron microscope high-power microstructure morphology of the middle layer welding seam and the Q235B layer, and FIG. 4 is the scanning electron microscope high-power microstructure morphology of the middle layer welding seam and the TA1 layer. According to the low-power scanning electron microscope picture of the welding seam, the welding seam of the middle layer is well jointed with Q235B and TA1, and welding defects such as macrocracks and the like are avoided. As can be seen from the high-power scanning electron microscope picture, the welding line is separated from the Q235B and TA1 base material tissues, the welding line is clear, and common defects such as cracks, air holes and the like are not found near the welding line.
Example 3
Step 1: respectively weighing 30% of Cr powder, 40% of Co powder and 30% of Ni powder according to the mass percent, wherein the sum of the mass percent of the components is 100%; in step 1, the purity of Cr powder is more than or equal to 99.9%, the purity of Co powder is more than or equal to 99.9%, the purity of Ni powder is more than or equal to 99.9%, and the granularity of 3 metal powders is 200 meshes.
Step 2: placing the Cr powder, the Co powder and the Ni powder weighed in the step 1 into a vacuum heating furnace for heating, wherein the heating temperature is 200 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2.5 hours, and removing crystal water in the medicinal powder; placing the dried medicinal powder in a powder mixer for fully mixing; mixing in a powder mixer for 40 min.
And step 3: removing grease on the surface of the red copper strip by using alcohol, wrapping the medicinal powder prepared in the step (2) in the red copper strip by using flux-cored wire drawing equipment, wherein the aperture of a first drawing die is 2.5 mm; in the step 3, the thickness of the red copper strip is 0.3mm, and the width is 7 mm; the filling amount of the flux-cored powder in the flux-cored wire is controlled to be 32 wt%.
And 4, step 4: after the first process drawing is finished, the aperture of the die is changed to 2.3mm, 2.2mm, 2.1mm, 2.0mm, 1.9mm, 1.8mm, 1.7mm and 1.6mm in sequence for drawing;
and 5: carrying out heat treatment on the flux-cored wire prepared in the step 4 in a vacuum heat treatment furnace, wherein the heating temperature is 460 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2.5 hours;
step 6: drawing the flux-cored wire subjected to the heat treatment in the step 5 by dies with the aperture of 1.5mm, 1.4mm, 1.3mm and 1.2mm in sequence to finally obtain the flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.2 mm;
and 7: and after the flux-cored wire is drawn, the flux-cored wire is wound on a wire reel through a wire winding machine and finally sealed in a flux-cored wire vacuum packaging bag for later use.
A TA1-Q235B composite plate is welded by using TA1-Q235B laminated composite plate middle layer flux cored wire prepared in example 3, and matching ERTi-1 welding wire (TA1 layer) and ER50-6 welding wire (Q235B layer). The welding process comprises the following steps: an asymmetric double-V-shaped groove is formed in the TA1-Q235B layered composite plate, the Q235B layer is welded at the groove on the Q235B side by using ER50-6 welding wires (MIG welding), the middle layer is welded at the groove on the TA1 side by using the flux-cored wire (TIG welding), and finally the TA1 layer is welded by using ERTi-1 welding wires (TIG welding). And when the middle layer is welded, the TIG electric arc arcing position is 0.5mm below the interface of the composite plate. The welding current of the Q235B layer is 170-220A, the welding current of the middle layer is 100-120A, and the welding current of the TA1 layer is as follows: 100-.
Through tests, the mechanical properties of the welding joint are as follows: the tensile strength is 360MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 8 percent.
Example 4
Step 1: respectively weighing 40% of Cr powder, 35% of Co powder and 25% of Ni powder according to the mass percent, wherein the sum of the mass percent of the components is 100%; in step 1, the purity of Cr powder is more than or equal to 99.9%, the purity of Co powder is more than or equal to 99.9%, the purity of Ni powder is more than or equal to 99.9%, and the granularity of 3 metal powders is 200 meshes.
Step 2: placing the Cr powder, the Co powder and the Ni powder weighed in the step 1 into a vacuum heating furnace for heating, wherein the heating temperature is 200 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2.5 hours, and removing crystal water in the medicinal powder; placing the dried medicinal powder in a powder mixer for fully mixing; mixing in a powder mixer for 40 min.
And step 3: removing grease on the surface of the red copper strip by using alcohol, wrapping the medicinal powder prepared in the step (2) in the red copper strip by using flux-cored wire drawing equipment, wherein the aperture of a first drawing die is 2.5 mm; in the step 3, the thickness of the red copper strip is 0.3mm, and the width is 7 mm; the filling amount of the flux-cored powder in the flux-cored wire is controlled to be 30 wt%.
And 4, step 4: after the first process drawing is finished, the aperture of the die is changed to 2.3mm, 2.2mm, 2.1mm, 2.0mm, 1.9mm, 1.8mm, 1.7mm and 1.6mm in sequence for drawing;
and 5: carrying out heat treatment on the flux-cored wire prepared in the step 4 in a vacuum heat treatment furnace, wherein the heating temperature is 460 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2.5 hours;
step 6: drawing the flux-cored wire subjected to the heat treatment in the step 5 by dies with the aperture of 1.5mm, 1.4mm, 1.3mm and 1.2mm in sequence to finally obtain the flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.2 mm;
and 7: and after the flux-cored wire is drawn, the flux-cored wire is wound on a wire reel through a wire winding machine and finally sealed in a flux-cored wire vacuum packaging bag for later use.
A TA1-Q235B composite plate is welded by using TA1-Q235B laminated composite plate middle layer flux cored wire prepared in example 4, and matching ERTi-1 welding wire (TA1 layer) and ER50-6 welding wire (Q235B layer). The welding process comprises the following steps: an asymmetric double-V-shaped groove is formed in the TA1-Q235B layered composite plate, the Q235B layer is welded at the groove on the Q235B side by using ER50-6 welding wires (MIG welding), the middle layer is welded at the groove on the TA1 side by using the flux-cored wire (TIG welding), and finally the TA1 layer is welded by using ERTi-1 welding wires (TIG welding). And when the middle layer is welded, the TIG electric arc arcing position is 1.2mm below the interface of the composite plate. The welding current of the Q235B layer is 170-220A, the welding current of the middle layer is 100-120A, and the welding current of the TA1 layer is as follows: 100-.
Through tests, the mechanical properties of the welding joint are as follows: tensile strength 375MPa, and elongation after fracture 12%.
Example 5
Step 1: respectively weighing 40% of Cr powder, 40% of Co powder and 20% of Ni powder according to the mass percent, wherein the sum of the mass percent of the components is 100%; in step 1, the purity of Cr powder is more than or equal to 99.9%, the purity of Co powder is more than or equal to 99.9%, the purity of Ni powder is more than or equal to 99.9%, and the granularity of 3 metal powders is 200 meshes.
Step 2: placing the Cr powder, the Co powder and the Ni powder weighed in the step 1 into a vacuum heating furnace for heating, wherein the heating temperature is 200 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2.5 hours, and removing crystal water in the medicinal powder; placing the dried medicinal powder in a powder mixer for fully mixing; mixing in a powder mixer for 40 min.
And step 3: removing grease on the surface of the red copper strip by using alcohol, wrapping the medicinal powder prepared in the step (2) in the red copper strip by using flux-cored wire drawing equipment, wherein the aperture of a first drawing die is 2.5 mm; in the step 3, the thickness of the red copper strip is 0.3mm, and the width is 7 mm; the filling amount of the flux-cored powder in the flux-cored wire is controlled to be 31 wt%.
And 4, step 4: after the first process drawing is finished, the aperture of the die is changed to 2.3mm, 2.2mm, 2.1mm, 2.0mm, 1.9mm, 1.8mm, 1.7mm and 1.6mm in sequence for drawing;
and 5: carrying out heat treatment on the flux-cored wire prepared in the step 4 in a vacuum heat treatment furnace, wherein the heating temperature is 460 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2.5 hours;
step 6: drawing the flux-cored wire subjected to the heat treatment in the step 5 by dies with the aperture of 1.5mm, 1.4mm, 1.3mm and 1.2mm in sequence to finally obtain the flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.2 mm;
and 7: and after the flux-cored wire is drawn, the flux-cored wire is wound on a wire reel through a wire winding machine and finally sealed in a flux-cored wire vacuum packaging bag for later use.
A TA1-Q235B composite plate is welded with TA1-Q235B layered composite plate middle layer flux cored wire prepared in example 5, matching ERTi-1 wire (TA1 layer), and ER50-6 wire (Q235B layer). The welding process comprises the following steps: an asymmetric double-V-shaped groove is formed in the TA1-Q235B layered composite plate, the Q235B layer is welded at the groove on the Q235B side by using ER50-6 welding wires (MIG welding), the middle layer is welded at the groove on the TA1 side by using the flux-cored wire (TIG welding), and finally the TA1 layer is welded by using ERTi-1 welding wires (TIG welding). And when the middle layer is welded, the TIG electric arc arcing position is 1.5mm below the interface of the composite plate. The welding current of the Q235B layer is 170-220A, the welding current of the middle layer is 100-120A, and the welding current of the TA1 layer is as follows: 100-.
Through tests, the mechanical properties of the welding joint are as follows: tensile strength is 340MPa, and elongation after fracture is 15%.
When the filling rate of the flux-cored wire powder is controlled to be 30-35% and the mass percentages of 35% of Cr powder, 35% of Co powder and 30% of Ni powder are optimized, the TA1-Q235B layered composite plate is welded to obtain a welding seam with the best molding effect, the least defects and the better mechanical property. The TA1-Q235B layered composite plate is provided with an asymmetric double V-shaped groove, the TIG arc striking position is 1.0mm below the interface of the composite plate during the middle layer welding, and the obtained welding joint has excellent obdurability.

Claims (2)

  1. The welding wire for the middle layer welding of TA1-Q235B is characterized by comprising a flux core and a welding skin, wherein the flux core comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 30-40% of Cr powder, 30-40% of Co powder and 20-30% of Ni powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%;
    the purity of Cr powder is more than or equal to 99.9 percent, the purity of Co powder is more than or equal to 99.9 percent, the purity of Ni powder is more than or equal to 99.9 percent, and the granularity of 3 kinds of metal powder is 200 meshes;
    the welding skin is made of a copper strip, the thickness of the copper strip is 0.3mm, and the width of the copper strip is 7 mm;
    the filling amount of the flux-cored wire is controlled to be 30-35 wt%.
  2. The preparation method of the welding wire for welding the middle layer of the TA1-Q235B is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
    step 1: respectively weighing 30-40% of Cr powder, 30-40% of Co powder and 20-30% of Ni powder according to mass percent, wherein the sum of the mass percent of the components is 100%;
    step 2: placing the Cr powder, the Co powder and the Ni powder weighed in the step 1 into a vacuum heating furnace for heating, and removing crystal water in the medicinal powder; placing the dried medicinal powder in a powder mixer for fully mixing;
    and step 3: removing grease on the surface of the red copper strip by using alcohol, wrapping the medicinal powder prepared in the step (2) in the red copper strip by using flux-cored wire drawing equipment, wherein the aperture of a first drawing die is 2.5 mm;
    and 4, step 4: after the first process drawing is finished, the aperture of the die is changed to 2.3mm, 2.2mm, 2.1mm, 2.0mm, 1.9mm, 1.8mm, 1.7mm and 1.6mm in sequence for drawing;
    and 5: carrying out heat treatment on the flux-cored wire prepared in the step 4 in a vacuum heat treatment furnace;
    step 6: drawing the flux-cored wire subjected to the heat treatment in the step 5 by dies with the aperture of 1.5mm, 1.4mm, 1.3mm and 1.2mm in sequence to finally obtain the flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.2 mm;
    and 7: after the flux-cored wire is completely drawn, the flux-cored wire is wound on a wire reel through a wire winding machine and finally sealed in a flux-cored wire vacuum packaging bag for standby;
    in the step 1, the purity of Cr powder is more than or equal to 99.9 percent, the purity of Co powder is more than or equal to 99.9 percent, the purity of Ni powder is more than or equal to 99.9 percent, and the granularity of 3 metal powders is 200 meshes;
    in the step 2, the heating temperature in the vacuum heating furnace is 200 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2.5 h; mixing in a powder mixer for 40 min;
    in the step 3, the thickness of the red copper strip is 0.3mm, and the width is 7 mm; the filling amount of the flux-cored powder in the flux-cored wire is controlled to be 30-35 wt%;
    in the step 5, the heating temperature of the heat treatment is 460 ℃, and the time of the heat treatment is 2.5 h.
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