CN113720296A - Immersed tube underwater deformation monitoring method - Google Patents
Immersed tube underwater deformation monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/32—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/002—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a submerged pipe underwater deformation monitoring method which comprises a transverse deformation measuring step and a longitudinal deformation measuring step, wherein the transverse deformation measuring step comprises a transverse characteristic point calibrating step, a distance calibrating step and a transverse deformation quantity calculating step; the longitudinal deformation measuring step comprises a longitudinal deformation measuring step which comprises a longitudinal detection point calibrating step, a distance meter installing step, an initial distance measuring step, a real-time distance measuring step and a longitudinal deformation quantity calculating step. The technical problem that the deformation of the immersed tube cannot be accurately obtained in the prior art is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of submarine immersed tubes, and particularly relates to an underwater deformation monitoring method for an immersed tube.
Background
The steel shell concrete immersed tube manufacturing method belongs to the first large-scale international application, and the prefabrication of the large-scale steel shell tube section at present adopts a dry dock method or floating state pouring. However, in the prior art, a method for monitoring longitudinal and transverse deformation conditions of the steel shell immersed tube in an underwater construction process is lacked, so that the deformation of the immersed tube cannot be accurately obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for monitoring underwater deformation of a immersed tube, which aims to solve the technical problem that the deformation of the immersed tube cannot be accurately obtained in the prior art.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for monitoring underwater deformation of immersed tube includes,
a transverse deformation measuring step, which includes:
transverse characteristic point calibration: a characteristic point M is arranged at one end of the immersed tube along the transverse direction of the immersed tube1nThe other end of the immersed tube is provided with a characteristic point M2n(ii) a And a calibration bracket is arranged at each characteristic point;
distance calibration: measuring characteristic points M1nA calibration support and M2nThe first calibration distance between the calibration supports is marked as L1n(ii) a Moving the immersed tube into deep dock underwater, and measuring the characteristic point M1nA calibration support andM2nthe second calibration distance between the calibration supports is recorded asL2n；
Calculating the transverse deformation quantity: comparing the first calibration distance L1nAt a second calibrated distance L2nThe size of the immersed tube is judgedThe deformation variable is as follows:
a longitudinal deformation measuring step, comprising:
a longitudinal detection point calibration step: a plurality of detection points are arranged on the bottom surface of the immersed tube and are recorded as: n is a radical of1、N2、......、 Nn-1、Nn；
A distance meter mounting step: at each detection point N1、N2、......、Nn-1、NnDistance measuring instruments are arranged at the positions, and measure the distance from the bottom surface of the tube to the top of the tube;
an initial distance measuring step: after the first installation is finished, the initial distance from each detection point to the top of the pipe is measured for the first time through a distance meter and recorded as 1Hn；
A real-time distance measurement step: the distance meter measures the real-time distance from each detection point to the top of the pipe in real time and records the real-time distance as 2Hn；
Calculating the longitudinal deformation quantity: by comparing the initial distances 1H at the same detection pointnAnd a real-time distance 2HnAnd (4) judging the longitudinal deformation of the immersed tube.
The invention provides a submerged pipe underwater deformation monitoring method, which comprises a transverse deformation measuring step and a longitudinal deformation measuring step, wherein the transverse deformation measuring step comprises a transverse characteristic point calibration step, a distance calibration step and a transverse deformation quantity calculation step; meanwhile, the longitudinal deformation measuring step comprises a longitudinal detection point calibration step, a distance meter installation step, an initial distance measuring step, a real-time distance measuring step and a longitudinal deformation quantity calculating step, namely, a plurality of detection points are arranged on the bottom surface of the immersed tube, the distance meter is arranged at the detection points, the longitudinal size of the immersed tube is measured through the real-time distance meter, and the longitudinal deformation quantity of the immersed tube is obtained through comparison. Therefore, measurement of transverse deformation and longitudinal deformation of the immersed tube is achieved through amplification, and the technical problem that deformation of the immersed tube cannot be accurately obtained in the prior art is solved.
In some of these embodiments, the step of calculating the transverse deformation amount specifically includes:
the transverse deformation of the immersed tube is judged as follows: if L is1nLess than L2nThen the transverse length of the immersed tube is increased; if L is1nGreater than L2nThe transverse length of the immersed tube is shortened; if L is1nIs equal to L2nThe transverse length of the sinking tube is unchanged.
In some embodiments, the step of scaling the lateral feature points specifically includes:
the characteristic points M are sequentially arranged at one tail end of the immersed tube along the width direction of the immersed tube11、M12、M13The other end of the immersed tube is sequentially and correspondingly provided with characteristic points M along the width direction of the immersed tube21、M22、M23。
In some embodiments, the distance calibration step specifically includes:
a first transverse distance calibration step: measuring characteristic points M11Position calibration support and M21First calibration distance L between calibration supports11、M12Position calibration support and M22First calibration distance L between calibration supports12、M13Position calibration support and M23First calibration distance L between calibration supports13；
And a second transverse distance calibration step: moving the immersed tube into deep dock underwater, and measuring the characteristic point M11Position calibration support and M21Second calibration distance L between the calibration supports21、M12Position calibration support and M22Second calibration distance L between calibration supports32、M13Position calibration support and M23Second calibration distance L between the calibration supports23。
In some embodiments, the distance calibration step specifically includes:
measuring the characteristic point M11Position the coordinate point (X) of the calibration support11、Y11、Z11)、M12Position the coordinate point (X) of the calibration support12、Y12、Z12)、M13Position the coordinate point (X) of the calibration support13、Y13、Z13) (ii) a Coordinate point (X) of calibration stand at M2121、Y21、Z21)、M22Position the coordinate point (X) of the calibration support22、Y22、 Z22)、M13Position the coordinate point (X) of the calibration support23、Y23、Z23)；
First calibration distance L11＝((X21-X11) 2+(Y21-Y11)2+(Z21-Z11)2)1/2
First calibration distance L12＝((X22-X12)2+(Y22-Y12)2+(Z22-Z12)2)1/2
First calibration distance L13＝((X23-X13)2+(Y23-Y13)2+(Z23-Z13)2)1/2
Moving the immersed tube into the deep dock underwater to obtain the characteristic point M11At coordinate points (X14, Y) of the calibration stand14、 Z14)、M12Position the coordinate point (X) of the calibration support15、Y15、Z15)、M13Position the coordinate point (X) of the calibration support16、Y16、Z16)；M21Position the coordinate point (X) of the calibration support24、Y24、Z24)、M22Coordinate point (X) of the calibration support25、Y25、Z25)、M13Position the coordinate point (X) of the calibration support26、Y26、Z26). Wherein, the characteristic point M11And M21Is L from each other21，M12And M22Is L from each other22，M13And M23Is L from each other23。
Second calibration distance L21＝((X24-X14)2+(Y24-Y14)2+(Z24-Z14)2)1/2
Second calibration distance L22＝((X25-X15)2+(Y25-Y15)2+(Z25-Z15)2)1/2
Second calibration distance L23＝((X26-X16)2+(Y26-Y16)2+(Z26-Z16)2)1/2
In some embodiments, the distance calibration step further comprises:
detaching the calibration bracket from the immersed tube, and transversely moving the immersed tube to the deep dock underwater; the calibration support is installed at the characteristic point of the immersed tube again, and the characteristic point is measuredM1nAndM2nthe distance betweenLn2。
In some of these embodiments, the distance calibration step uses a total station to make distance measurements on land.
In some embodiments, the step of scaling the longitudinal feature points specifically includes:
the bottom surface of the immersed tube is provided with a plurality of groups of detection points, the detection points are sequentially arranged along the transverse direction of the immersed tube, each group of detection points comprises a plurality of detection points, and the detection points are sequentially arranged along the width direction of the immersed tube.
In some of these embodiments, the step of calculating the longitudinal deformation amount specifically includes:
the initial distance H1nAnd a real-time distance H2nAnd sending the data to a measurement and control system, and calculating to obtain the longitudinal deformation of the immersed tube through the measurement and control system.
In some of these embodiments, the rangefinder is a laser rangefinder.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for monitoring underwater deformation of a immersed tube provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a distribution diagram 1 of characteristic points in the transverse deformation measurement of the immersed tube provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a distribution diagram 2 of characteristic points in the transverse deformation measurement of the immersed tube provided by the invention;
FIG. 4 is a distribution diagram of characteristic points in the longitudinal deformation measurement of the immersed tube provided by the invention;
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below by way of exemplary embodiments. It should be understood, however, that elements, structures and features of one embodiment may be beneficially incorporated in other embodiments without further recitation.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "outside", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. indicate the orientations and positional relationships based on the positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present application, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," "connected," and the like are used in a broad sense, and for example, "connected" may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; either directly or through an intermediary profile. "joined" may refer to two separate elements being joined together, joined, or the like. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
In order to solve the technical problem that the immersed tube type transformer cannot be accurately obtained in the prior art, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the application has the following general idea:
the invention provides a submerged pipe underwater deformation monitoring method, which comprises a transverse deformation measuring step and a longitudinal deformation measuring step, wherein the transverse deformation measuring step comprises a transverse characteristic point calibration step, a distance calibration step and a transverse deformation quantity calculation step; meanwhile, the longitudinal deformation measuring step comprises a longitudinal detection point calibration step, a distance meter installation step, an initial distance measuring step, a real-time distance measuring step and a longitudinal deformation quantity calculating step, namely, a plurality of detection points are arranged on the bottom surface of the immersed tube, the distance meter is arranged at the detection points, the longitudinal size of the immersed tube is measured through the real-time distance meter, and the longitudinal deformation quantity of the immersed tube is obtained through comparison. Therefore, measurement of transverse deformation and longitudinal deformation of the immersed tube is achieved through amplification, and the technical problem that deformation of the immersed tube cannot be accurately obtained in the prior art is solved.
In order to better understand the technical solution, the technical solution will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the invention discloses a submerged pipe underwater deformation monitoring method, which comprises a transverse deformation measurement step and a longitudinal deformation measurement step.
The transverse deformation measuring step comprises a transverse characteristic point calibration step, a distance calibration step and a transverse deformation quantity calculation step.
Transverse characteristic point calibration: a characteristic point M is arranged at one end of the immersed tube along the transverse direction of the immersed tube1nThe other end of the immersed tube is provided with an M2n。
In this embodiment, the sinking tube has a first end and a second end along the transverse direction of the sinking tube, that is, along the length direction of the sinking tube, a characteristic point M is arranged at the first end1nThe second end of the immersed tube is provided with an M2n. Wherein the first end is provided with 3 feature points, M11、M12、M13(ii) a At the second end of the sinking tube, 3 characteristic points are provided, namely M21、M22、M23(ii) a And, and M11And M21Relative arrangement, M12And M22Relative arrangement, M13 and M23Are oppositely arranged. The change of the transverse dimension of the immersed tube can be measured more accurately by arranging a plurality of characteristic points. The number of the feature points of the first end and the second end may be set according to actual needs.
A step of installing a calibration support: respectively arranging a plurality of calibration supports at the characteristic pointsM1nAndM2nto (3).
In this embodiment, the calibration bracket is made of stainless steel and comprises a base, a middle tripod and a top tubular column, wherein the height of the base is 0.08m, the height of the middle tripod is 1.25m, and the height of the top tubular column is 13 m, and the structure is embodied as a 120t mooring bollard characteristic point calibration bracket, and the height of the mooring bollard characteristic point calibration bracket is about 1.7 m. Or when the base is 0.1m high, the middle triangular frame is 2m high and the top column is 1m high, the pipe top characteristic point calibration support is embodied, and the pipe top characteristic point calibration support is about 3m high.
Meanwhile, a detachable structure is arranged between the base and the middle tripod in the characteristic point calibration support, and the characteristic point calibration support can extend out of the water surface to facilitate observation; moreover, the structure is stable, and the characteristic point calibration support has small shaking under the impact of water flow; meanwhile, under the condition of repeated disassembly and assembly, the top position precision can be controlled within 1mm, the precision is high, repeated disassembly and assembly deformation is small, disassembly and assembly are simple, and the workload is small. Further, the characteristic point calibration support is light in weight, convenient to install and disassemble, made of stainless steel and resistant to corrosion. Therefore, by adopting the structure, the size of the immersed tube can be accurately positioned and measured on water and under water.
Thus, in this embodiment, a calibration bracket, i.e., M, is provided at each feature point11、M12、M13、 M21、M22、M23The calibration support is arranged at the position, specifically, the base of the calibration support is welded on the top surface of the immersed tube firstlySign point (M)11、M12、M13、M21、M22、M23) And then, the middle tripod is arranged on the corresponding base, and the transverse installation of the calibration support is further completed.
A first distance calibration step: measuring characteristic points M1nA calibration support and M2nThe distance between the calibrated supports is marked as Ln1；
In this embodiment, by setting the total station, the total station is used to perform the first distance calibration in the calibrated control network, that is, the total station is used to obtain the feature points M respectively11Position the coordinate point (X) of the calibration support11、Y11、 Z11)、M12Position the coordinate point (X) of the calibration support12、Y12、Z12)、M13Position the coordinate point (X) of the calibration support13、 Y13、Z13)；M21Position the coordinate point (X) of the calibration support21、Y21、Z21)、M22Coordinate point (X) of the calibration support22、Y22、Z22)、M23Position the coordinate point (X) of the calibration support23、Y23、Z23). Wherein, the characteristic point M11And M21The distance between is recorded as L11，M12And M22The distance between is recorded as L12，M13And M23The distance between is recorded as L13。
A second distance calibration step: moving the immersed tube into deep dock underwater, and measuring the characteristic point M1nA calibration support and M2nIs calibrated by the distance L between the supportsn2。
In this embodiment, the middle tripod and the top tubular column of the calibration support are firstly detached, and then the middle tripod and the top tubular column are installed on the corresponding bases. When the distance calibration for the second time is carried out, when the immersed tube floats on the water surface, the tube joint is rocked, accurate measurement cannot be carried out on land, so that the immersed tube is selectively immersed to the bottom, the top tube column of the calibration support is exposed on the water surface at the moment, the total station is erected on the land, and the total station is calibrated in the control networkCalibrating the distance for the second time to obtain three-dimensional coordinates (M) of the calibration supports at the 6 characteristic points11Position the coordinate point (X) of the calibration support14、Y14、Z14)、M12Coordinate point (X) of the calibration support15、Y15、Z15)、M13Position the coordinate point (X) of the calibration support16、Y16、Z16)；M21Coordinate point (X) of calibration stand24、Y24、Z24)、M22Position the coordinate point (X) of the calibration support25、Y25、Z25)、 M13Position the coordinate point (X) of the calibration support26、Y26、Z26). Wherein, the characteristic point M11And M21Is a distance L between21，M12And M22Is L from each other22，M13And M23Is L from each other23。
And (3) deformation quantity calculation: comparing the distances L1nAnd a distance L2nAnd (4) judging the transverse deformation amount of the immersed tube.
Specifically, if L1nLess than L2nThen the transverse length of the immersed tube is increased; if L is1nGreater than L2nThe transverse length of the immersed tube is shortened; if L is1nIs equal to L2nThe transverse length of the sinking tube is unchanged.
In this embodiment, the first distance calibration is performed to calculate L by the following formula1nThe value of (c):
L11＝((X21-X11)2+(Y21-Y11)2+(Z21-Z11)2)1/2
L12＝((X22-X12)2+(Y22-Y12)2+(Z22-Z12)2)1/2
L13＝((X23-X13)2+(Y23-Y13)2+(Z23-Z13)2)1/2
calibrating the distance for the second time, and calculating L by the following formula2nThe value of (c):
L21＝((X24-X14)2+(Y24-Y14)2+(Z24-Z14)2)1/2
L22＝((X25-X15)2+(Y25-Y15)2+(Z25-Z15)2)1/2
L23＝((X26-X16)2+(Y26-Y16)2+(Z26-Z16)2)1/2
the amount of transverse deformation: Δ L1＝L21-L11；ΔL2＝L22-L12；ΔL3＝L23-L13。
Judgment of Δ L1、ΔL2、ΔL3The size of (2): if the length is larger than zero, the transverse length of the immersed tube at the corresponding position is increased; if the length is less than zero, the transverse length of the immersed tube at the corresponding position is shortened; if the length is equal to zero, the transverse length of the corresponding immersed tube is unchanged.
Therefore, the transverse deformation measurement of the immersed tube is effectively realized through the steps. And the immersed tube is placed under water for measurement, so that the immersed tube can be stably positioned under water, the immersed tube is prevented from floating on water, and the measurement is more accurate. Meanwhile, the calibration support is arranged on the immersed tube, so that the influence of the tube joint posture of the immersed tube on monitoring is avoided. And the total station is arranged on the land, so that the measurement accuracy is further improved.
The longitudinal deformation measuring step comprises a longitudinal detection point calibration step, a distance meter installation step, an initial distance measuring step, a real-time distance measuring step and a longitudinal deformation quantity calculating step.
Calibrating longitudinal characteristic points: a plurality of detection points N are arranged on the bottom surface of the immersed tube along the longitudinal direction of the immersed tuben。
Specifically, a plurality of groups of detection point groups are arranged on the bottom surface of the immersed tube, the detection point groups are sequentially arranged along the transverse direction of the immersed tube, each group of detection point groups comprises a plurality of detection points, and the detection points are sequentially arranged along the longitudinal direction of the immersed tube. In this embodiment, the surface of the immersed tube is preferably provided with nine groups of detection points, the nine groups of detection points are sequentially arranged along the transverse direction of the immersed tube, that is, one end of the immersed tube is sequentially arranged to the other end of the immersed tube, and each group of detection points includes three detection points. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, 27 detection points, N, are provided on the bottom surface of the immersed tube1、N2、......、N26、N27Three check points in every group are arranged to the other end of immersed tube in proper order by the one end of immersed tube along the width direction of immersed tube to can guarantee to be provided with three check points in same transverse position department, thereby can more accurate calculation. It should be noted that the number of the detection point groups may be set according to actual needs, and the number of the detection points in each detection point group may also be set according to actual needs.
A distance meter mounting step: and each detection point is provided with a distance meter, and the distance meter measures the distance from the bottom surface of the pipe to the top of the pipe.
In this embodiment, the distance measuring instrument is vertically arranged at each detection point, and the direction of the distance measuring instrument vertically and upwardly irradiates to the top of the pipe for distance measurement.
More specifically, in order to monitor the longitudinal deformation condition of the immersed tube under water, 27 laser distance measuring instruments (with a normal measuring range of 20m, a resolution of 0.1mm, a static distance measuring precision of 0.5mm and a dynamic distance measuring precision of 0.8mm) for measuring the distance vertically upwards are arranged on the bottom plates of the left and right lanes and the middle corridor in the immersed tube. In this embodiment, the immersed tube has a length of 165 m and a width of 46 m, and the arrangement position is as shown in fig. 4, and the distance meter continuously measures the height of the tube top and the change thereof.
An initial distance measuring step: after the first installation is finished, the distance 1H from each detection point to the top of the pipe is measured for the first time through a distance metern；
In this embodiment, the initial distance 1H from each detection point to the top of the tube is measured by the distance meter1、 1H2、......1H26、1H27So that the initial longitudinal distances of the immersed tube at different transverse positions can be uniformly measured;
a real-time distance measurement step: the distance meter measures each detection N in real timenAt a distance of 2H from the top of the pipen；
In this embodiment, the distance 2H from each detection point to the top of the tube is measured by the distance meter1、 2H2、......2H26、2H27Therefore, the real-time longitudinal distances of the immersed tubes at different transverse positions can be uniformly measured.
Calculating the longitudinal deformation quantity: by calculating the initial distance 1H at the same detection pointnAnd a real-time distance 2HnAnd (4) judging the longitudinal deformation of the immersed tube.
For example, if detecting point N1Measured distance 1H of1Greater than detection point N12H of1The longitudinal dimension of the immersed tube is reduced; if the distance is 1H1Greater than detection point N12H of1The longitudinal size of the immersed tube is increased; if the distance is 1H1Equals to detection point N12H of1It is stated that the longitudinal dimension of the immersed tube is not changed here.
Specifically, each distance meter is connected to the switch through a data line for data collection, and the collected data is accessed to the measurement and control system through a network line. The measurement and control system can display the current distance data measured by each distance meter in real time, and the measurement distance data which is installed for the first time is taken as the initial distance 1HnBy comparing the real-time distance at the same point 2HnAt an initial distance of 1HnAnd subtracting to obtain a corresponding longitudinal deformation value. For example: detecting detection point N1Initial distance of 1HnDistance 2H from implementationnThen the current position longitudinal variation value Δ H1＝2H1-1H1If Δ H1If the size is larger than zero, the longitudinal size of the immersed tube is increased; if Δ H1Less than zero indicates that the longitudinal dimension of the immersed tube is reduced; if Δ H1Equal to zero, indicating that the longitudinal dimension of the sink tube is unchanged here.
Therefore, the longitudinal deformation measurement of the immersed tube is effectively realized through the steps, and the change of the longitudinal distance of the immersed tube is monitored in real time by arranging a plurality of detection points uniformly on the bottom surface of the immersed tube.
In conclusion, by adopting the method, the transverse deformation and the longitudinal deformation of the immersed tube can be measured, and the technical problem that the deformation of the immersed tube cannot be accurately obtained in the prior art is solved.
Claims (10)
1. A submerged pipe underwater deformation monitoring method is characterized by comprising the following steps,
a transverse deformation measuring step, which includes:
transverse characteristic point calibration: a characteristic point M is arranged at one end of the immersed tube along the transverse direction of the immersed tube1nThe other end of the immersed tube is provided with a characteristic point M2n(ii) a A calibration bracket is arranged at each characteristic point;
distance calibration: measuring characteristic points M1nA calibration support and M2nThe first calibration distance between the calibration supports is marked as L1n(ii) a Moving the immersed tube into deep dock underwater, and measuring the characteristic point M1n position calibration support and M2nThe second calibration distance between the calibration supports is marked as L2n；
Calculating the transverse deformation quantity: comparing the first calibration distance L1nAt a second calibrated distance L2nJudging the transverse deformation quantity of the immersed tube:
a longitudinal deformation measuring step, comprising:
a longitudinal detection point calibration step: a plurality of detection points are arranged on the bottom surface of the immersed tube and are recorded as: n is a radical of1、N2、......、Nn-1、Nn；
A distance meter mounting step: at each detection point N1、N2、.....、Nn-1、NnDistance measuring instruments are arranged at the positions of the two pipes, and measure the distance from the bottom surface of the pipe to the top of the pipe;
an initial distance measuring step: after the first installation is finished, the distance measuring instrument is used forThe initial distance from each detection point to the top of the pipe is recorded as 1H in the initial measurementn；
A real-time distance measurement step: the distance meter measures the real-time distance from each detection position to the top of the pipe in real time and records the distance as 2Hn；
Calculating the longitudinal deformation quantity: by comparing the initial distances 1H at the same detection pointnAnd a real-time distance 2HnAnd (4) judging the longitudinal deformation of the immersed tube.
2. The underwater deformation monitoring method for the immersed tube according to claim 1, wherein the step of calculating the transverse deformation specifically comprises the following steps:
the transverse deformation of the immersed tube is judged as follows: if L is1nLess than L2nThen the transverse length of the immersed tube is increased; if L is1nGreater than L2nThe transverse length of the immersed tube is shortened; if L is1nIs equal to L2nThe transverse length of the sinking tube is unchanged.
3. The immersed tube underwater deformation monitoring method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the transverse characteristic point calibration step specifically comprises:
the characteristic points M are sequentially arranged at one tail end of the immersed tube along the width direction of the immersed tube11、M12、M13The other end of the immersed tube is sequentially and correspondingly provided with characteristic points M along the width direction of the immersed tube21、M22、M23。
4. The immersed tube underwater deformation monitoring method according to claim 3, wherein the distance calibration step specifically comprises:
a first transverse distance calibration step: measuring characteristic points M11Position calibration support and M21First calibration distance L between calibration supports11、M12Position calibration support and M22First calibration distance L between calibration supports12、M13Position calibration support and M23First calibration distance L between calibration supports13；
And a second transverse distance calibration step: moving the immersed tube into deep dock underwater, and measuring the characteristic point M11Position calibration support and M21Second calibration distance L between the calibration supports21、M12Position calibration support and M22Second calibration distance L between the calibration supports22、M13Position calibration support andM23second calibration distance L between the calibration supports23。
5. The immersed tube underwater deformation monitoring method according to claim 3, wherein the distance calibration step specifically comprises the following steps:
measuring the coordinate point (X) of the calibration bracket at the characteristic point M1111、Y11、Z11)、M12Position the coordinate point (X) of the calibration support12、Y12、Z12)、M13Position the coordinate point (X) of the calibration support13、Y13、Z13)；M21Position the coordinate point (X) of the calibration support21、Y21、Z21)、M22Position the coordinate point (X) of the calibration support22、Y22、Z22)、M13Position the coordinate point (X) of the calibration support23、Y23、Z23)；
First calibration distance L11＝((X21-X11)2+(Y21-Y11)2+(Z21-Z11)2)1/2
First calibration distance L12＝((X22-X12)2+(Y22-Y12)2+(Z22-Z12)2)1/2
First calibration distance L13＝((X23-X13)2+(Y23-Y13)2+(Z23-Z13)2)1/2
Moving the immersed tube into the deep dock underwater to obtain the characteristic point M11Position the coordinate point (X) of the calibration support14、Y14、Z14)、M12Position the coordinate point (X) of the calibration support15、Y15、Z15)、M13Position the coordinate point (X) of the calibration support16、Y16、Z16)；M21Position the coordinate point (X) of the calibration support24、Y24、Z24)、M22Position the coordinate point (X) of the calibration support25、Y25、Z25)、M23Position the coordinate point (X) of the calibration support26、Y26、Z26). Wherein, the characteristic point M11And M21Is L from each other21，M12And M22Is L from each other22，M13And M23Is L from each other23；
Second calibration distance L21＝((X24-X14)2+(Y24-Y14)2+(Z24-Z14)2)1/2
Second calibration distance L22＝((X25-X15)2+(Y25-Y15)2+(Z25-Z15)2)1/2
Second calibration distance L23＝((X26-X16)2+(Y26-Y16)2+(Z26-Z16)2)1/2
6. The underwater deformation monitoring method for the immersed tube according to claim 1, wherein the distance calibration step further comprises the following steps:
detaching the calibration bracket from the immersed tube, and transversely moving the immersed tube to the deep dock underwater; the calibration support is installed at the characteristic point of the immersed tube again, and the characteristic point M is measured1nAnd M2nDistance L betweenn2。
7. The method for monitoring underwater deformation of a immersed tube according to claim 1, wherein in the step of distance calibration, a total station is adopted to measure the distance on the land.
8. The immersed tube underwater deformation monitoring method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the longitudinal characteristic point calibration step specifically comprises:
the bottom surface of the immersed tube is provided with a plurality of groups of detection points, the groups of detection points are sequentially arranged along the transverse direction of the immersed tube, each group of detection points comprises a plurality of detection points, and the detection points are sequentially arranged along the width direction of the immersed tube.
9. The underwater deformation monitoring method for the immersed tube according to claim 3, wherein the step of calculating the longitudinal deformation specifically comprises the following steps:
the initial distance 1HnAnd a real-time distance 2HnAnd sending the data to a measurement and control system, and calculating by the measurement and control system to obtain the longitudinal deformation of the immersed tube.
10. The underwater deformation monitoring method of the immersed tube according to claim 1, wherein the distance measuring instrument is a laser distance measuring instrument.
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