CN104132630A - Long-term deflection monitoring system and method for long-span bridge - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a long-term deflection monitoring system for a long-span bridge. The monitoring system includes a plurality of static levels, and the plurality of static levels are all installed on the girder body of the monitored bridge through a mounting frame. The girder body of the monitored bridge is Box girder, the installation frame is installed at the bottom of the box girder roof; the installation frame includes a triangular support frame and a support plate installed on the triangular support frame with adjustable height, the triangular support frame is arranged in the direction of the bridge and the static level is installed on the support plate , the monitoring system is easy to install and arrange, is less affected by the external environment, has high monitoring accuracy, and has a good use effect; the monitoring method disclosed in the present invention includes steps: 1. Determination of measuring points and selection of reference points; 2. Installation of the mounting frame; 3. Static Force level installation; 4. Long-term deflection monitoring, the process is as follows: initial liquid level acquisition, deflection monitoring time point determination, and deflection monitoring. This monitoring method has simple steps, convenient implementation, good use effect, and long-term and effective monitoring of bridge deflection.

Description

Long-term deflection monitoring system and monitoring method for long-span bridges

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of bridge deflection monitoring, and in particular relates to a long-term deflection monitoring system and a monitoring method for long-span bridges.

Background technique

In the process of long-term monitoring and special inspection of bridges with complex structures, long-term fixed-period monitoring of bridge deflection is required, and in some cases even real-time monitoring is required, and the accuracy of deflection monitoring is high. Higher total stations are used for deflection measurement, and static leveling systems are used for partial bridge monitoring to monitor deflection. Among them, when measuring with a level or a total station, due to the influence of climate, temperature, driving vehicles, safety factors, etc., the accuracy and frequency of the measurement are greatly reduced, and the real-time monitoring of bridge deflection is even more difficult. The current common static leveling process is as follows: Drill holes and plant bars on the inner wall of the beam bottom or beam side web, install and fix the static level on the web, so as to measure the deformation of the box girder web, and then estimate the corresponding The deflection value adjacent to the roof is used to measure the deformation of the beam. In actual use, the above-mentioned existing static leveling methods have the following serious defects and deficiencies: On the one hand, the monitoring device is arranged on the side or bottom of the beam, which is greatly affected by the natural environment, and the maintenance cost is high. Gouging holes will cause unnecessary damage to the box girder structure; on the other hand, for continuous rigid frame bridges and other bridges with a large longitudinal slope at the bottom of the girder, it is difficult to lay them at a position equivalent to the height of the deformation position of the girder body. The deflection of the top plate in different chambers can be roughly calculated according to the measured value of the web or bottom plate, and it cannot reflect the precise deflection of the cross bridge at different positions on key sections such as mid-span and quarter points. In summary, the existing deflection monitoring systems and monitoring methods are not easy to achieve accurate, fast, safe, convenient and real-time monitoring of bridge deck deflection.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a long-term deflection monitoring system for long-span bridges that is easy to install and lay out, less affected by the external environment, has high monitoring accuracy, and is effective in use.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a long-term deflection monitoring system for long-span bridges, characterized in that it includes a plurality of static levels, and the plurality of static levels are installed on the On the girder body of the monitored bridge, the girder body of the monitored bridge is a box girder; the number of the mounting frames is multiple and the number is the same as that of the static level, and the multiple mounting frames are along the longitudinal bridge of the monitored bridge. Arranged from front to back, a plurality of the mounting brackets are fixedly installed on the bottom of the roof of the box girder; a plurality of the static levels are connected with the data acquisition system, and the plurality of the static levels and the The above-mentioned data acquisition system forms a static level monitoring system; the structures of a plurality of the mounting frames are all the same, and the mounting frames include a triangular support frame and a support plate installed on the triangular support frame and whose installation height is adjustable. The triangular support frame is arranged along the transverse direction of the monitored bridge, and the static level is installed on the support plate; the triangular support frame includes a first support rod, a second support rod fixed below one end of the first support rod and a connection The oblique support rod between the other end of the first support rod and the lower end of the second support rod, the first support rod, the second support rod and the oblique support rod are all arranged on the same plane, and the first support rod is flat against At the bottom of the roof of the box girder, the second support rod is arranged vertically to the first support rod, and the support plate is arranged parallel to the first support rod; the first support rod is fixed on the The top plate of the box girder.

The above-mentioned long-term deflection monitoring system for long-span bridges is characterized in that: the liquid storage containers of the multiple static levels are connected to each other through connecting pipes, and the installation heights of the multiple static levels are all the same.

The above-mentioned long-term deflection monitoring system for long-span bridges is characterized in that: the first support rod, the second support rod and the inclined support rod are all shaped steel; the first support rod is provided with a plurality of expansion bolts respectively Bolt mounting holes for installation, one end of the first support rod is fixedly connected with the upper end of the second support rod, and the two ends of the oblique support rod are respectively fixedly connected with the other end of the first support rod and the lower end of the second support rod The oblique support rod is located on one side of the second support rod, the support plate is located on the other side of the oblique support rod and it is installed on the lower part of the oblique support rod, and the support plate is arranged along the transverse direction of the monitored bridge; Both the first support rod and the second support rod and the oblique support rod and the first support rod and the second support rod are fixedly connected by welding.

The above-mentioned long-term deflection monitoring system for a long-span bridge is characterized in that: the number of the triangular support frames in the installation frame is multiple, and the structure and size of the multiple triangular support frames are the same, and they are monitored along the The longitudinal direction of the bridge is arranged from front to back, and a plurality of triangular support frames are arranged in parallel, and two adjacent triangular support frames are connected by a plurality of connecting pieces; the support plate in the mounting frame The quantity is one, the support plate is installed on the second support bars of the plurality of triangular support frames, the second support bars of the plurality of triangular support frames are all arranged on the same plane, and the plurality of triangular support frames The second support rods of the support frame are provided with mounting holes for the installation of the support plate; a plurality of the connecting parts are connected between the second support rods of the two adjacent triangular support frames in the front and back, and the plurality of the Connectors are arranged from top to bottom.

The above-mentioned long-term deflection monitoring system for long-span bridges is characterized in that: the first support rod is arranged along the transverse bridge direction of the monitored bridge, the first support rod and the second support rod are angle steel, and the first support rod The two sides of a support rod are respectively the first right angle side and the second right angle side, and the two sides of the second support rod are respectively the third right angle side and the fourth right angle side; bottom, the upper part of the third right-angled side is flatly attached to the inner wall of the second right-angled side and the upper part of the third right-angled side is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second right-angled side, and the top end of the second support rod is fixed on the bottom surface of the first right-angled side.

The above-mentioned long-term deflection monitoring system for long-span bridges is characterized in that: the cross-section of the support plate is L-shaped, and the support plate includes a first mounting plate installed on the second support rod and a first mounting plate arranged on the second support bar. A second mounting plate installed on the outer side of the upper part of the mounting plate and provided for the static level; the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate are connected as a whole and the two are vertically arranged, and the static level is connected through a plurality of first The bolts are installed on the second mounting plate; the first mounting plate is installed on the second support rod through a plurality of second connecting bolts, and a long hole for the second connecting bolts to be installed is opened on the second supporting rod. A strip-shaped mounting hole, the first mounting plate is provided with a circular mounting hole for the second connecting bolts to be mounted on.

At the same time, the invention also discloses a long-term deflection monitoring method for long-span bridges, which has simple steps, is convenient to implement, has good application effect, and can monitor bridge deflection effectively for a long time. The method is characterized in that the method includes the following steps:

Step 1. Determination of measurement points and selection of reference points: determine the multiple measurement points that need to be monitored for deflection monitoring on the girder body of the monitored bridge, and select a measurement point from the determined multiple measurement points as a reference point; The girder body of the monitoring bridge is a box girder; the number of multiple measuring points is N, and the N measuring points are respectively measuring point 1, measuring point 2,..., measuring point N, wherein N is a positive integer and N ≥2; the reference point is measuring point i, where i is a positive integer and 1≤i≤N;

Step 2, mounting frame installation: install a mounting frame respectively on the N measuring points determined in step 1, and the N mounting frames are all fixedly installed on the top plate bottom of the box girder;

Step 3, installation of static levels: Install a static level on the support plates of the N installation frames that have been installed in step 2, and connect the liquid storage containers of the installed N static levels through the connecting pipe. are connected to each other, and the N static levels are all connected to the data acquisition system; the N static levels are respectively installed on the N measuring points through a mounting bracket;

Step four, long-term deflection monitoring, the process is as follows:

Step 401. Acquisition of the initial liquid level: after the installation of the N static levels in step 3 is completed, the initial liquid levels tested by the N static levels are collected and recorded by the data acquisition system; The initial liquid levels tested by the N static levels are denoted as h ₀₁ , h ₀₂ , ..., h _0N ;

Step 402, Determination of the deflection monitoring time point: After the initial liquid level height is obtained in step 401, according to the pre-designed deflection monitoring cycle or deflection monitoring frequency, combined with the time limit of the deflection monitoring period of the monitored bridge, the deflection monitoring period of the deflection monitoring period All deflection monitoring time points of the monitored bridge are determined; the total number of deflection monitoring time points of the monitored bridges during the deflection monitoring period is n, and the n deflection monitoring time points are respectively recorded as t ₁ , t ₂ , ..., t _n ; where n is a positive integer and n≥3;

Step 403, deflection monitoring: during the use of the monitored bridge, according to the deflection monitoring time points determined in step 402, the deflection data of the monitored bridge at each deflection monitoring time point are tested from first to last, and the test results The deflection data of the deflection data is recorded synchronously; Wherein, the deflection data test method of the monitored bridge at each deflection monitoring time point during the deflection monitoring period is all the same; when the deflection data of any deflection monitoring time point t _k is tested, the process is as follows :

Step 4031. Acquisition of the current liquid level: through the data acquisition system, collect and record the liquid levels tested by a plurality of the static levels in the current state. At this time, the liquid levels tested by the N static levels are The liquid level heights are respectively recorded as h _k1 , h _k2 , ..., h _kN ; where, k is a positive integer and k=1, 2, ..., n;

Step 4032, determination of the relative vertical displacement of each measuring point: According to the liquid level tested by a plurality of said static levels recorded in step 4031, combined with the test of N said static levels recorded in step 401 The height of the initial liquid level is to determine the vertical displacement of the N measuring points relative to the reference point in the current state;

The methods for determining the vertical displacement of N measuring points relative to the reference point are the same. When determining the vertical displacement of any measuring point j among the N measuring points relative to the reference point, according to the formula h _ji(k) = (h _kj - h _ki )-(h _0j -h _0i ), calculate the vertical displacement h _ji(k) of measuring point j relative to the reference point in the current state; the vertical displacements of N measuring points relative to the reference point in the current state are respectively recorded Make h _1i(k) , h _2i(k) ..., h _Ni(k) ;

Step 4033, deflection data recording: record the vertical displacements of the N measuring points relative to the reference point under the current state determined in step 4032, and the vertical displacements of the N measuring points relative to the reference point under the current state are the monitored bridge The deflection data at the deflection monitoring time point t _k .

The above-mentioned method is characterized in that: after determining a plurality of measuring points that need to be monitored for deflection monitoring on the girder body of the monitored bridge in step 1, it is also necessary to measure the positions of the determined N measuring points, and the measurement results Recording; N said measuring points are arranged from front to back along the central axis of said box girder;

In step 4032, the vertical displacements of the N measuring points relative to the reference point in the current state are the settlements of the N measuring points relative to the reference point in the current state, and the vertical displacements of each measuring point relative to the reference point are all in the vertical direction displacement;

In step 4032, after determining the vertical displacements of the N measuring points relative to the reference point in the current state, it is also necessary to calculate the distance of the N measuring points relative to the reference point in the current state according to the measured layout positions of the N measuring points. Tilt variation: Before calculating the tilt variation of N measuring points relative to the reference point in the current state, first calculate the horizontal distance between N measuring points and the reference point according to the position measurement results of N measuring points , where the horizontal distance between measuring point j and reference point is denoted as l _ji ;

The calculation method of the inclination change of N measuring points relative to the reference point is the same. When calculating the inclination change of any one of the N measuring points j relative to the reference point, according to the formula Calculate the inclination change α _ji(k) of measuring point j relative to the reference point in the current state; the inclination changes of N measuring points relative to the reference point in the current state are respectively recorded as α _1i(k) and α _2i(k) ..., α _Ni(k) .

The above method is characterized in that: when the static level is installed in step 3, the liquid storage container of the static level installed on the reference point is connected to the liquid storage container with a fixed installation height through a connecting pipe, and the liquid storage A liquid level detection unit is installed in the container;

When obtaining the initial liquid level height in step 401, it is also necessary to record the initial liquid level height detected by the liquid level detection unit at this time, and the initial liquid level height detected by the liquid level detection unit is denoted as H ₀ ;

In step 4032, after determining the vertical displacements of the N measuring points relative to the reference point in the current state, according to the recorded initial liquid level height _H0 detected by the liquid level detection unit and the liquid level detection in the current state The liquid level height H _k detected by the unit determines the vertical displacement of N measuring points in the current state;

The methods for determining the vertical displacement of N measuring points are the same. When determining the vertical displacement of any measuring point j in the N measuring points, according to the formula H _j(k) = h _ji(k) + (H _k - H ₀ ), calculate the vertical displacement H _j(k) of measuring point j in the current state; the vertical displacements of N measuring points in the current state are recorded as H _1(k) , H _2(k) , ... , H _N(k) .

The above method is characterized in that: when the static level is installed in step 3, the installation height of the installed static level is adjusted by adjusting the support plate on the installation frame up and down;

After the installation of the static level in step 3 is completed, the installation heights of the N static levels are the same;

When the initial liquid level is obtained in step 401 and the current liquid level is obtained in step 4031, after the liquid level in the liquid storage container of the N static levels installed in step 3 is stable, the data acquisition system is used to obtain the initial liquid level. collect and record;

When the initial liquid level height is obtained in step 401, after the installation of the N static levels in step 3 is completed and the liquid levels in the liquid storage containers of the N static levels are all stable, firstly check the N static levels. The liquid level sensors installed in the liquid storage container are adjusted to zero; in step 401, the initial liquid levels tested by the N static levels are all zero.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1. The long-term deflection monitoring system adopted has simple structure, reasonable design, convenient installation and layout, and low input cost.

2. The mounting frame adopted is simple in structure, reasonable in design and easy to process and manufacture, and the mounting frame can be mass-produced in a factory, so the processing accuracy is easy to guarantee and the processing cost is low.

3. Since the installation frame is prefabricated in the factory, the installation time of the on-site static level can be greatly reduced, and because the processing quality of the installation frame is good, the installation accuracy of the static level can also be effectively guaranteed, and the installation process is simple and fast.

4. The static level is installed inside the box girder through the mounting bracket, so the detection process of the static level is less affected by the external environment, the detection accuracy is high, the service life is long, the maintenance cost is low, and the use effect is good, suitable for a long time use.

5. The installation frame is assembled by a plurality of triangular support frames. The structure of the triangular support frame is stable and fixed firmly, so the installation frame can deform synchronously with the monitored bridge, thus further ensuring the accuracy of bridge deflection monitoring. In addition, the multiple triangular support frames are connected by multiple stiffening ribs, which is convenient for factory production and on-site assembly, and can effectively ensure the processing quality and durability of the mounting frame.

6. The installation frame and the monitored bridge are fixed by expansion bolts, which is not only secure, but also the disassembly process is simple and fast, and will not cause unnecessary damage to the box girder structure. In addition, the static level and the installation frame are fixed by connecting bolts, so the fixing is convenient and the fixing effect is good, saving time and effort.

7. The installation frame can be used repeatedly to save costs.

8. According to the longitudinal slope of the box girder and the change of the installation height, the processing size of the installation frame can be adjusted, which can easily and effectively ensure that multiple static levels can be installed at the same height and ensure the accuracy of bridge deflection monitoring.

9. By adjusting the support plate up and down, the installation height of the static level can be adjusted accurately, so that the installation accuracy of each static level can be adjusted easily and effectively, and the deflection monitoring accuracy can be guaranteed.

10. The static level is fixed on the bottom of the roof of the monitored box girder through the mounting bracket, which can effectively solve the problem that the existing continuous rigid frame bridge and other bridges with a large longitudinal slope at the bottom of the girder are difficult to arrange the monitoring device when the deflection is monitored. For positions with similar heights, the deflection of the top plate in different chambers can only be roughly calculated based on the measured values of the web or bottom plate, and it cannot reflect the precise deflection of the transverse bridge at different positions on key sections such as mid-span and quarter points. .

11. The monitoring method adopted has simple steps, is convenient to realize, has good application effect and can carry out long-term and effective monitoring of bridge deflection, and can realize accurate, fast, safe, convenient and real-time monitoring of bridge deck.

12. The deflection monitoring has high precision, good use effect and high practical value. The installation and monitoring process does not need to interrupt the traffic, which is safe and reliable. It can effectively solve the current difficulties in real-time deflection monitoring of high piers and long-span bridges and the difficulty of continuous and regular deflection measurement. .

To sum up, the present invention has simple structure, reasonable design, easy operation and good application effect, and can effectively solve the problems of inconvenient bridge deflection measurement, complicated installation process and limited measurement accuracy.

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a reference diagram of the use state of the long-term deflection monitoring system adopted in the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a reference diagram of the use state of the mounting bracket of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the mounting frame of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view along line I-I of Fig. 3 .

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of II-II in Fig. 3 .

Fig. 6 is a flow chart of the long-term deflection monitoring method adopted in the present invention.

Explanation of reference signs:

1—static level; 2—mounting frame; 2-1—support plate;

2-2—the first support rod; 2-3—the second support rod; 2-31—the elongated mounting hole;

2-4—oblique support rod; 2-5—the first connecting bolt; 2-6—the second connecting bolt;

2-7—stiffener strip; 3—communicating pipe; 4—expansion bolt.

Detailed ways

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the long-term deflection monitoring system for long-span bridges of the present invention includes a plurality of static levels 1, and a plurality of static levels 1 are installed Frame 2 is installed on the girder body of monitored bridge, and the girder body of monitored bridge is box girder; The quantity of described mounting frame 2 is multiple and its quantity is identical with the quantity of static level 1, and multiple described mounting frame 2 are laid out from front to back along the longitudinal bridge direction of the monitored bridge, and a plurality of installation frames 2 are fixedly installed on the bottom of the roof of the box girder. The plurality of static levels 1 are all connected to the data acquisition system, and the plurality of static levels 1 and the data acquisition system form a static level monitoring system. The structures of a plurality of mounting frames 2 are all the same, and the mounting frame 2 includes a triangular support frame and a support plate 2-1 installed on the triangular support frame and adjustable in installation height, and the triangular support frame is monitored along the The bridge is arranged in the transverse bridge direction, and the static level 1 is installed on the support plate 2-1. Described triangular support frame comprises first support rod 2-2, the second support rod 2-3 that is fixed below the first support rod 2-2 one end and is connected with the first support rod 2-2 other end and the second support rod The oblique support rod 2-4 between the lower ends of 2-3, the first support rod 2-2, the second support rod 2-3 and the oblique support rod 2-4 are all arranged on the same plane, and the first support rod The rod 2-2 is flatly attached to the bottom of the roof of the box girder, the second support rod 2-3 is vertically arranged with the first support rod 2-2, and the support plate 2-1 is arranged vertically with the first support rod 2-2. 2 are arranged in parallel. The first support rod 2-2 is fixed on the top plate of the box girder through a plurality of expansion bolts 4 .

In this embodiment, the liquid storage containers of the plurality of static levels 1 communicate with each other through the communication pipe 3 , and the installation heights of the plurality of static levels 1 are all the same.

That is to say, the installation heights of the support plates 2 - 1 of the multiple installation frames 2 are all the same. During actual construction, the installation heights of the multiple static levels 1 can be adjusted by adjusting the processing dimensions of the multiple mounting frames 2 and adjusting the support plate 2-1 up and down. The first support rod 2-2 is arranged parallel to the top plate of the box girder at the location where it is arranged.

Wherein, the static level monitoring system is also called a connecting pipe level, and the liquid storage containers of the static level 1 are completely connected with each other through a connecting pipe 3 (also called a liquid pipe), and liquid is injected into the liquid storage container. When the liquid level is completely After resting, the liquid levels in the liquid storage containers of all the static levels 1 in the static level monitoring system are on the same geoid. Moreover, the liquid storage container is equipped with a liquid level sensor for detecting the internal liquid level, such as a magnetostrictive sensor or the like.

In actual use, multiple static levels 1 are respectively arranged at multiple measuring points on the bridge to be monitored. Based on the principle of connecting devices, the liquid in the liquid storage containers of multiple static levels 1 is kept at the same liquid level. When the monitored bridge deforms, multiple static levels 1 reflect the change of the liquid level at each measuring point. , combined with the data acquisition system, can quickly read the position of each liquid level in a relatively short period of time.

In this embodiment, a plurality of static levels 1 are arranged from front to back along the central axis of the box girder, and the liquid storage containers of two adjacent static levels 1 are connected to each other through a connecting pipe 3 .

During actual construction, the first support rod 2-2, the second support rod 2-3 and the inclined support rod 2-4 are all shaped steel. The first support rod 2-2 is provided with a plurality of bolt installation holes for respectively installing the expansion bolts 4, and one end of the first support rod 2-2 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the second support rod 2-3, so that The two ends of the oblique support rod 2-4 are respectively fixedly connected with the other end of the first support rod 2-2 and the lower end of the second support rod 2-3. The inclined support rod 2-4 is located on one side of the second support rod 2-3, and the support plate 2-1 is located on the other side of the inclined support rod 2-4 and is installed on the lower part of the inclined support rod 2-4, The support plate 2-1 is arranged along the transverse direction of the monitored bridge. Between the first support rod 2-2 and the second support rod 2-3 and between the oblique support rod 2-4 and the first support rod 2-2 and the second support rod 2-3 are welded Fixed connection.

In this embodiment, the first support rod 2-2 is arranged along the transverse bridge direction of the monitored bridge, the first support rod 2-2 and the second support rod 2-3 are both angle steel, and the first support rod The two sides of the rod 2-2 are respectively the first right-angled side and the second right-angled side, and the two sides of the second supporting rod 2-3 are respectively the third right-angled side and the fourth right-angled side. The first right-angled side is flatly attached to the bottom of the roof of the box girder, the upper part of the third right-angled side is flatly attached to the inner wall of the second right-angled side, and the upper part of the third right-angled side is in contact with the second right-angled side. The inner wall of the side is fixedly connected, and the top end of the second support rod 2-3 is fixed on the bottom surface of the first right-angle side.

During actual installation, the first support rod 2-2 is arranged horizontally, and the second support rod 2-3 is arranged vertically. Correspondingly, the first right-angled side is arranged horizontally.

During actual construction, the number of the triangular support frames in the mounting frame 2 is multiple, and the structure and size of the plurality of triangular support frames are the same and they are arranged from front to back along the longitudinal direction of the monitored bridge. A plurality of triangular support frames are arranged in parallel, and two adjacent triangular support frames are connected by a plurality of connecting pieces. The number of support plates 2-1 in the mounting frame 2 is one, and the support plates 2-1 are installed on the second support rods 2-3 of a plurality of the triangular support frames, and the plurality of triangular support frames The second support rods 2-3 are all arranged on the same plane, and the second support rods 2-3 of the plurality of triangular support frames are all provided with installation holes for the support plate 2-1 to be installed. A plurality of the connecting pieces are connected between the second supporting rods 2-3 of two adjacent triangular support frames, and the connecting pieces are arranged from top to bottom.

In this embodiment, the plurality of connecting elements are all arranged in parallel with the first support rod 2-2.

In this embodiment, the number of the plurality of connecting elements is three.

During actual processing, the number of the plurality of connecting parts can be adjusted accordingly according to specific needs.

In this embodiment, the connecting piece is a stiffener slat 2-7, and the stiffener slat 2-7 is a steel slat, and the stiffener slat 2-7 is connected to two adjacent triangular supports. The second support rods 2-3 of the frame are all fixedly connected by welding.

During actual processing, the stiffener slats 2-7 are rectangular slats arranged horizontally.

In this embodiment, the inclined support rods 2-4 are steel bars or angle steel. In actual use, other types of steel support rods can also be used for the oblique support rods 2-4.

In this embodiment, the cross-section of the support plate 2-1 is L-shaped, and the support plate 2-1 includes a first mounting plate installed on the second support rod 2-3 and a first mounting plate arranged on the first mounting bar. The outer side of the top of the plate and the second mounting plate for the static level 1 to be installed. The first mounting plate and the second mounting plate are integrally connected and arranged vertically, and the static level 1 is mounted on the second mounting plate through a plurality of first connecting bolts 2-5. The first mounting plate is installed on the second support rod 2-3 through a plurality of second connecting bolts 2-6, and a hole for the second connecting bolt 2-6 is provided on the second supporting rod 2-3. A strip-shaped mounting hole 2-31, a circular mounting hole for the second connecting bolt 2-6 is opened on the first mounting plate.

In this embodiment, there are two installation frames 2 and two static levels 1 . The elongated mounting holes 2-31 are arranged vertically.

In actual use, the number of mounting frames 2 and static level 1 can be adjusted accordingly according to specific needs, wherein the number of mounting frames 2 and static level 1 is the same as the number of measuring points on the monitored bridge.

In this embodiment, the number of the triangular support frames in the installation frame 2 is two, and the two triangular support frames are arranged symmetrically. The third right-angle sides of the two triangular support frames are arranged in parallel, and a plurality of the connecting pieces are connected between the third right-angle sides of the two triangular support frames. The fourth right-angle sides of the two triangular support frames are arranged on the same vertical plane, and the first mounting plate of the support plate 2-1 is installed on the fourth right-angle sides of the two triangular support frames. The first mounting plate is arranged parallel to the fourth right-angle sides of the two triangular support frames. The first installation plate of the support plate 2-1 is arranged vertically, and the second installation plate of the support plate 2-1 is arranged horizontally, so that the static level 1 can be in a horizontal state, and the first installation Both the plate and the second mounting plate are rectangular plates.

In this embodiment, the length of the first support rod 2-2 is 50cm-60cm. Moreover, the first support rod 2-2 is fixed on the top plate of the box girder through three expansion bolts 4 . The length of the second support rod 2-3 is 60cm-100cm. The length of the inclined support rod 2-4 is 80cm-140cm.

A long-term deflection monitoring method for long-span bridges as shown in Figure 6, comprising the following steps:

Step 1. Determination of measurement points and selection of reference points: determine the multiple measurement points that need to be monitored for deflection monitoring on the girder body of the monitored bridge, and select a measurement point from the determined multiple measurement points as a reference point; The girder body of the monitoring bridge is a box girder; the number of multiple measuring points is N, and the N measuring points are respectively measuring point 1, measuring point 2,..., measuring point N, wherein N is a positive integer and N ≥2; the reference point is measuring point i, where i is a positive integer and 1≤i≤N.

In this embodiment, N=2. During actual construction, the value of N can be adjusted accordingly according to specific needs.

Step 2: Mounting frame installation: install a mounting frame 2 on the N measuring points determined in step 1, and the N mounting frames 2 are all fixedly installed on the bottom of the roof of the box girder.

Step 3, installation of static levels: Install a static level 1 on the support plates 2-1 of the N installation frames 2 that have been installed in step 2, and connect the installed N static levels through the connecting pipe 3. The liquid storage containers of the force levels 1 are connected to each other, and the N static levels 1 are all connected to the data acquisition system; the N static levels 1 are respectively installed on the N measuring points through a mounting bracket 2 superior.

Step four, long-term deflection monitoring, the process is as follows:

Step 401. Acquisition of the initial liquid level: after the installation of the N static levels 1 in step 3 is completed, the initial liquid levels tested by the N static levels 1 are collected by the data acquisition system and collected. Record; the initial liquid levels tested by the N hydrostatic levels 1 are recorded as h ₀₁ , h ₀₂ , . . . , h _0N , respectively.

In this embodiment, the data acquisition system includes a data acquisition unit and a mathematical processing device connected to the data acquisition unit, and the data acquisition unit conducts the initial liquid level height tested by the N static level instruments 1 After collection, it is sent to the data processing equipment, and is synchronously recorded by the mathematical processing equipment.

Step 402, Determination of the deflection monitoring time point: After the initial liquid level height is obtained in step 401, according to the pre-designed deflection monitoring cycle or deflection monitoring frequency, combined with the time limit of the deflection monitoring period of the monitored bridge, the deflection monitoring period of the deflection monitoring period All deflection monitoring time points of the monitored bridge are determined; the total number of deflection monitoring time points of the monitored bridges during the deflection monitoring period is n, and the n deflection monitoring time points are respectively recorded as t ₁ , t ₂ , ..., t _n ; wherein, n is a positive integer and n≥3.

In this embodiment, when the deflection monitoring time point is determined in step 402, it is determined by the mathematical processing device.

Step 403, deflection monitoring: during the use of the monitored bridge, according to the deflection monitoring time points determined in step 402, the deflection data of the monitored bridge at each deflection monitoring time point are tested from first to last, and the test results The deflection data of the deflection data is recorded synchronously; Wherein, the deflection data test method of the monitored bridge at each deflection monitoring time point during the deflection monitoring period is all the same; when the deflection data of any deflection monitoring time point t _k is tested, the process is as follows :

Step 4031. Acquisition of the current liquid level: through the data acquisition system, collect and record the liquid levels tested by a plurality of the static levels 1 in the current state. At this time, the N static levels 1 are tested The resulting liquid levels are respectively denoted as h _k1 , h _k2 , ..., h _kN ; wherein, k is a positive integer and k=1, 2, ..., n.

In this embodiment, the data acquisition unit collects the liquid levels tested by the N static levels 1 and then transmits them to the data processing device, and records them synchronously through the mathematical processing device.

Step 4032, determining the relative vertical displacement of each measuring point: according to the liquid level height tested by a plurality of said static levels 1 recorded in step 4031, combined with the N said static levels 1 recorded in step 401 The tested initial liquid level determines the vertical displacement of N measuring points relative to the reference point in the current state.

The methods for determining the vertical displacement of N measuring points relative to the reference point are the same. When determining the vertical displacement of any measuring point j among the N measuring points relative to the reference point, according to the formula h _ji(k) = (h _kj - h _ki )-(h _0j -h _0i ), calculate the vertical displacement h _ji(k) of measuring point j relative to the reference point in the current state; the vertical displacements of N measuring points relative to the reference point in the current state are respectively recorded Make h _1i(k) , h _2i(k) . . . , h _Ni(k) .

In this embodiment, when determining the relative vertical displacement of each measuring point, it is determined by the data processing device.

Step 4033, deflection data recording: record the vertical displacements of the N measuring points relative to the reference point under the current state determined in step 4032, and the vertical displacements of the N measuring points relative to the reference point under the current state are the monitored bridge The deflection data at the deflection monitoring time point t _k .

In this embodiment, after determining the multiple measuring points on the girder body of the monitored bridge that need to be monitored for deflection in step 1, it is also necessary to measure the positions of the determined N measuring points and record the measurement results ; The N measuring points are arranged from front to back along the central axis of the box girder.

In step 4032, the vertical displacements of the N measuring points relative to the reference point in the current state are the settlements of the N measuring points relative to the reference point in the current state, and the vertical displacements of each measuring point relative to the reference point are all in the vertical direction displacement.

In step 4032, after determining the vertical displacements of the N measuring points relative to the reference point in the current state, it is also necessary to calculate the distance of the N measuring points relative to the reference point in the current state according to the measured layout positions of the N measuring points. Tilt variation: Before calculating the tilt variation of N measuring points relative to the reference point in the current state, first calculate the horizontal distance between N measuring points and the reference point according to the position measurement results of N measuring points , where the horizontal distance between measuring point j and reference point is denoted as l _ji .

The calculation method of the inclination change of N measuring points relative to the reference point is the same. When calculating the inclination change of any one of the N measuring points j relative to the reference point, according to the formula Calculate the inclination change α _ji(k) of measuring point j relative to the reference point in the current state; the inclination changes of N measuring points relative to the reference point in the current state are respectively recorded as α _1i(k) and α _2i(k) ..., α _Ni(k) .

Wherein, after measuring the positions of the N measuring points, the installation elevations of the N static levels 1 can be obtained, and the installation elevations are the bottom elevations of the liquid storage containers of the static levels 1 .

In this embodiment, when calculating the inclination variation of the N measuring points relative to the reference point in the current state, the calculation is performed by the data processing device.

In this embodiment, when the static level is installed in step 3, the liquid storage container of the static level 1 installed on the reference point is connected to a liquid storage container with a fixed installation height through a connecting pipe, and the liquid storage container A liquid level detection unit is installed inside.

When the initial liquid level is acquired in step 401, it is also necessary to record the initial liquid level detected by the liquid level detection unit at this time, and the initial liquid level detected by the liquid level detection unit is denoted as H ₀ .

In step 4032, after determining the vertical displacements of the N measuring points relative to the reference point in the current state, according to the recorded initial liquid level height _H0 detected by the liquid level detection unit and the liquid level detection in the current state The liquid level height H _k detected by the unit determines the vertical displacement of N measuring points in the current state.

The methods for determining the vertical displacement of N measuring points are the same. When determining the vertical displacement of any measuring point j in the N measuring points, according to the formula H _j(k) = h _ji(k) + (H _k - H ₀ ), calculate the vertical displacement H _j(k) of measuring point j in the current state; the vertical displacements of N measuring points in the current state are recorded as H _1(k) , H _2(k) , ... , H _N(k) .

In this embodiment, when the static level is installed in step 3, the installation height of the installed static level 1 is adjusted by adjusting the support plate 2-1 on the installation frame 2 up and down.

When the initial liquid level is acquired in step 401 and the current liquid level is acquired in step 4031, after the liquid level in the liquid storage container of the N static levels 1 installed in step 3 is stable, the data acquisition system Collect and record.

When the initial liquid level height is obtained in step 401, after the installation of the N static levels 1 in step 3 is completed and the liquid levels in the liquid storage containers of the N static levels 1 are stable, the N static levels are firstly measured. The liquid level sensor installed in the liquid storage container of the level 1 is adjusted to zero; in step 401, the initial liquid levels tested by the N static levels 1 are all zero.

In this embodiment, the liquid levels measured by the N static levels 1 are the heights from the liquid level in the liquid storage container to the bottom of the liquid storage container.

During actual construction, after the installation of the static levels in step 3 is completed, the installation heights of the N static levels 1 are the same. In this embodiment, after the installation of the static level in step 3 is completed, the bottom heights of the liquid storage containers of the N static levels 1 are all the same.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention in any way. All simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still belong to the technical aspects of the present invention. within the scope of protection of the scheme.

Claims (10)

1. a Longspan Bridge Long-term Deflection monitoring system, it is characterized in that: comprise a plurality of hydrostatic levels (1), a plurality of described hydrostatic levels (1) are all arranged on the Liang Tishang of monitored bridge by erecting frame (2), the beam body of institute's monitoring bridge is case beam, the quantity of described erecting frame (2) be a plurality of and its quantity identical with the quantity of hydrostatic level (1), a plurality of described erecting frames (2) are along the vertical bridge of institute's monitoring bridge to laying from front to back, and a plurality of described erecting frames (2) are all fixedly mounted on the top board bottom of described case beam, a plurality of described hydrostatic levels (1) all join with data acquisition system (DAS), and a plurality of described hydrostatic level (1) and described data acquisition system (DAS) composition static level monitoring system, the structure of a plurality of described erecting frames (2) is all identical, described erecting frame (2) comprises triangle support frame and the back up pad (2-1) that is arranged on described triangle support frame and setting height(from bottom) is adjustable, described triangle support frame is laid along the direction across bridge of institute's monitoring bridge, and described hydrostatic level (1) is arranged in back up pad (2-1), described triangle support frame comprises the first support bar (2-2), be fixed on second support bar (2-3) of the first support bar (2-2) one end below and be connected in the first support bar (2-2) other end and the second support bar (2-3) lower end between inclined support bar (2-4), described the first support bar (2-2), the second support bar (2-3) and inclined support bar (2-4) are all laid on same plane, described the first support bar (2-2) is flattened on the top board bottom of described case beam, described the second support bar (2-3) is vertical laying with the first support bar (2-2), described back up pad (2-1) is parallel laying with the first support bar (2-2), described the first support bar (2-2) is fixed on the top board of described case beam by a plurality of expansion bolts (4).

2. according to a kind of Longspan Bridge Long-term Deflection monitoring system claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: between the storage liquid container of a plurality of described hydrostatic levels (1), by communicating pipe (3), be interconnected, the setting height(from bottom) of a plurality of described hydrostatic levels (1) is all identical.

3. according to a kind of Longspan Bridge Long-term Deflection monitoring system described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described the first support bar (2-2), the second support bar (2-3) and inclined support bar (2-4) are shaped steel; On described the first support bar (2-2), have a plurality of bolt mounting holes that supply respectively expansion bolt (4) to install, one end of described the first support bar (2-2) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the second support bar (2-3), and the two ends of described inclined support bar (2-4) are fixedly connected with the lower end of the second support bar (2-3) with the other end of the first support bar (2-2) respectively; Described inclined support bar (2-4) is positioned at a side of the second support bar (2-3), described back up pad (2-1) is positioned at the opposite side of inclined support bar (2-4) and it is arranged on inclined support bar (2-4) bottom, and described back up pad (2-1) is laid along the direction across bridge of institute's monitoring bridge; Between described the first support bar (2-2) and the second support bar (2-3) and between described inclined support bar (2-4) and the first support bar (2-2) and the second support bar (2-3), all with welding manner, be fixedly connected with.

4. according to a kind of Longspan Bridge Long-term Deflection monitoring system claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described in described erecting frame (2), the quantity of triangle support frame is a plurality of, the structure of a plurality of described triangle support frames and size all identical and its vertical bridge along institute's monitoring bridge to laying from front to back, a plurality of described triangle support frames are parallel laying, between adjacent two the described triangle support frames in front and back, all by a plurality of web members, connect; In described erecting frame (2), the quantity of back up pad (2-1) is one, described back up pad (2-1) is arranged on second support bar (2-3) of a plurality of described triangle support frames, second support bar (2-3) of a plurality of described triangle support frames is all laid on same plane, and on second support bar (2-3) of a plurality of described triangle support frames, all has the mounting hole of installing for back up pad (2-1); A plurality of described web members are connected between second support bar (2-3) of adjacent two the described triangle support frames in front and back, and a plurality of described web member is from top to bottom laid.

5. according to a kind of Longspan Bridge Long-term Deflection monitoring system claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described the first support bar (2-2) is laid along the direction across bridge of institute's monitoring bridge, described the first support bar (2-2) and the second support bar (2-3) are angle steel, the both sides of described the first support bar (2-2) are respectively the first right-angle side and the second right-angle side, and the both sides of the second support bar (2-3) are respectively the 3rd right-angle side and the 4th right-angle side; Described the first right-angle side is flattened on the top board bottom of described case beam, described the 3rd right-angle side upper flat is attached on the inwall of described the second right-angle side and described the 3rd right-angle side top is fixedly connected with the inwall of described the second right-angle side, and the top of described the second support bar (2-3) is fixed on the bottom surface of described the first right-angle side.

6. according to a kind of Longspan Bridge Long-term Deflection monitoring system claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: the xsect of described back up pad (2-1) is L shaped, described back up pad (2-1) comprises the first installing plate being arranged on the second support bar (2-3) and is laid in the second installing plate of hydrostatic level (1) installation of described the first installing plate upper outside and confession; Described the first installing plate connects as one with the second installing plate and the two is vertical laying, and described hydrostatic level (1) is arranged on described the second installing plate by a plurality of the first coupling bolts (2-5); Described the first installing plate is arranged on the second support bar (2-3) by a plurality of the second coupling bolts (2-6), on described the second support bar (2-3), have the strip mounting hole (2-31) that confession second coupling bolt (2-6) is installed, on described the first installing plate, have the circular mounting hole of installing for the second coupling bolt (2-6).

7. utilize monitoring system as claimed in claim 1 bridge to be carried out to a method for Long-term Deflection monitoring, it is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

Step 1, measuring point are determined and reference point is selected: a plurality of measuring points that need on the beam body of monitored bridge to carry out deflection monitoring are determined, and from determined a plurality of measuring points, chosen a measuring point as reference point; The beam body of institute's monitoring bridge is case beam; The quantity of a plurality of described measuring points is N, N described measuring point be respectively measuring point 1, measuring point 2 ..., measuring point N, wherein N is positive integer and N >=2; Described reference point is measuring point i, and wherein i is positive integer and 1≤i≤N;

Step 2, erecting frame are installed: an erecting frame (2) is installed respectively on a determined N measuring point in step 1, and N described erecting frame (2) is all fixedly mounted on the top board bottom of described case beam;

Step 3, hydrostatic level are installed: in step 2, in the back up pad (2-1) of the N of installation described erecting frame (2), a hydrostatic level (1) is installed respectively, and by communicating pipe (3) the storage liquid container of installed a N hydrostatic level (1) being interconnected, N described hydrostatic level (1) all joins with described data acquisition system (DAS); N described hydrostatic level (1) is arranged on N described measuring point by an erecting frame (2) respectively;

Step 4, Long-term Deflection monitoring, process is as follows:

Step 401, initial liquid level obtain: in step 3, after N the equal installation of described hydrostatic level (1), initial liquid level N described hydrostatic level (1) being tested out by described data acquisition system (DAS) gathers and record; The initial liquid level that the individual described hydrostatic level (1) of N tests out is denoted as respectively h ₀₁, h ₀₂..., h _0N;

Step 402, deflection monitoring time point are determined: after in step 401, initial liquid level obtains, according to deflection monitoring cycle or the deflection monitoring frequency of design in advance, and in conjunction with time limit of the bridge deflection monitoring phase of monitoring, to described deflection monitoring in the phase all deflection monitoring time points of institute's monitoring bridge determine; In the described deflection monitoring phase, the deflection monitoring time point total quantity of institute's monitoring bridge is n, and n described deflection monitoring time point is denoted as respectively t ₁, t ₂..., t _n; Wherein, n is positive integer and n>=3;

Step 403, deflection monitoring: in institute's monitoring bridge use procedure, according to determined deflection monitoring time point in step 402, by first to rear, monitored bridge being tested at the deflection data of each deflection monitoring time point, and the deflection data that test is drawn carries out synchronous recording; Wherein, in the described deflection monitoring phase, institute's monitoring bridge is all identical in the deflection data method of testing of each deflection monitoring time point; To any deflection monitoring time point t _kdeflection data while testing, process is as follows:

Step 4031, current liquid level obtain: by described data acquisition system (DAS), the liquid level that under current state, a plurality of described hydrostatic levels (1) test out is gathered and record, and the liquid level that now the individual described hydrostatic level (1) of N tests out is denoted as respectively h _k1, h _k2..., h _kN; Wherein, k be positive integer and k=1,2 ..., n;

The relative perpendicular displacement of step 4032, each measuring point is determined: the liquid level testing out according to a plurality of described hydrostatic level (1) recording in step 4031, and the N recording in integrating step 401 the initial liquid level that described hydrostatic level (1) tests out, the perpendicular displacement amount of N under current state measuring point relative datum point is determined;

The perpendicular displacement amount of N measuring point relative datum point determines that method is all identical, when the perpendicular displacement amount of any measuring point j relative datum point in N measuring point is determined, according to formula h _{ji (k)}=(h _kj-h _ki)-(h _0j-h _0i), calculate the perpendicular displacement amount h of measuring point j relative datum point under current state _{ji (k)}; Under current state, the perpendicular displacement amount of N measuring point relative datum point is denoted as respectively h _{1i (k)}, h _{2i (k)}, h _{ni (k)};

Step 4033, deflection data record: the perpendicular displacement amount to N measuring point relative datum point under determined current state in step 4032 is carried out record, and under current state, the perpendicular displacement amount of N measuring point relative datum point is that institute's monitoring bridge is at deflection monitoring time point t _kdeflection data.

8. in accordance with the method for claim 7, it is characterized in that: in step 1, to after needing to carry out a plurality of measuring points of deflection monitoring on the beam body of monitored bridge and determining, also need the position of a determined N measuring point to measure, and measurement result is carried out to record; N described measuring point laid from front to back along the central axis of described case beam;

In step 4032, under current state, the perpendicular displacement amount of N measuring point relative datum point is the settling amount of N measuring point relative datum point under current state, and the perpendicular displacement amount of each measuring point relative datum point is the displacement on vertical direction;

After the perpendicular displacement amount of N under current state measuring point relative datum point being determined in step 4032, also need, according to the installation position of N the measuring point of measuring, to calculate the tilt variation amount of N measuring point relative datum point under current state; Before the tilt variation amount of N under current state measuring point relative datum point is calculated, first according to the position measurements of N measuring point, horizontal range between N measuring point and reference point is calculated respectively, and wherein the horizontal range between measuring point j and reference point is denoted as l _ji;

The tilt variation amount computing method of N measuring point relative datum point are all identical, when the tilt variation amount of any measuring point j relative datum point in N measuring point is calculated, according to formula calculate the tilt variation amount α of measuring point j relative datum point under current state _{ji (k)}; Under current state, the tilt variation amount of N measuring point relative datum point is denoted as respectively α _{1i (k)}, α _{2i (k)}, α _{ni (k)}.

9. according to the method described in claim 7 or 8, it is characterized in that: while carrying out hydrostatic level installation in step 3, the storage liquid container that is arranged on the hydrostatic level (1) on described reference point joins by connecting pipe and the fixing liquid storage container of setting height(from bottom), and liquid level detecting unit is installed in described liquid storage container;

In step 401, carry out initial liquid level while obtaining, also need the initial liquid level that now described liquid level detecting unit detects to carry out record, the initial liquid level that described liquid level detecting unit detects is denoted as H ₀;

After the perpendicular displacement amount of N under current state measuring point relative datum point being determined in step 4032, the initial liquid level H detecting according to recorded described liquid level detecting unit ₀with the liquid level H that under current state, described liquid level detecting unit detects _k, the perpendicular displacement amount of the measuring point of N under current state is determined;

The perpendicular displacement amount of N measuring point determines that method is all identical, when the perpendicular displacement amount of any measuring point j in N measuring point is determined, according to formula H _{j (k)}=h _{ji (k)}+ (H _k-H ₀), calculate the perpendicular displacement amount H of measuring point j under current state _{j (k)}; Under current state, the perpendicular displacement amount of N measuring point is denoted as respectively H _{1 (k)}, H _{2 (k)}..., H _{n (k)}.

10. according to the method described in claim 7 or 8, it is characterized in that: while carrying out hydrostatic level installation in step 3, by adjusting up and down the back up pad (2-1) on erecting frame (2), the setting height(from bottom) of installed hydrostatic level (1) is adjusted;

In step 3, after hydrostatic level installation, the setting height(from bottom) of N described hydrostatic level (1) is all identical;

In step 401, carry out initial liquid level obtain with step 4031 in carry out current liquid level while obtaining, all in step 3 in the storage liquid container of the N that installs hydrostatic level (1) after liquid level stabilizing, by described data acquisition system (DAS), gather and record;

In step 401, carry out initial liquid level while obtaining, after liquid level in the storage liquid container of N in step 3 the equal installation of described hydrostatic level (1) and N hydrostatic level (1) is all stable, first the liquid level sensor that fills in the storage liquid container of N hydrostatic level (1) is returned to zero; The initial liquid level that in step 401, the individual described hydrostatic level (1) of N tests out is zero.