CN114636383B - Dynamic deformation measurement method for immersed tube tunnel tube joint construction process - Google Patents

Dynamic deformation measurement method for immersed tube tunnel tube joint construction process Download PDF

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CN114636383B
CN114636383B CN202210099063.1A CN202210099063A CN114636383B CN 114636383 B CN114636383 B CN 114636383B CN 202210099063 A CN202210099063 A CN 202210099063A CN 114636383 B CN114636383 B CN 114636383B
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deformation
measurement
measuring
target
pipe joint
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CN114636383A (en
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李清泉
张德津
涂伟
管明雷
刘国辉
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Shenzhen University
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Shenzhen University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/063—Tunnels submerged into, or built in, open water
    • E02D29/073—Tunnels or shuttering therefor assembled from sections individually sunk onto, or laid on, the water-bed, e.g. in a preformed trench
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

Abstract

The invention provides a dynamic deformation measurement method in a construction process of a immersed tube tunnel pipe joint, which is characterized in that a plurality of sections of the inner bottom surface or the top surface of the pipe joint are selected as measurement lines, a plurality of measurement targets are arranged on the measurement lines, a visual transmission method is adopted to construct visual reference lines, a plurality of distance measuring sensors are arranged on the same side of the pipe joint, which is used for measuring the distance from the bottom surface to the top surface of the pipe joint, the distance measuring data are converted into a visual measurement base line coordinate system by calibration, the dynamic deformation measurement of the immersed tube tunnel pipe joint is realized, and the method for establishing and calculating the reference of each deformation point is provided.

Description

Dynamic deformation measurement method for immersed tube tunnel tube joint construction process
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of precision engineering measurement, in particular to a method for measuring dynamic deformation in a construction process of a immersed tube tunnel pipe joint.
Technical Field
The underwater tunnel is an important form of the current river-crossing and sea-crossing traffic engineering infrastructure, hundreds of underwater traffic tunnels are built all over the world, wherein more than one hundred underwater traffic tunnels are built by adopting a sinking pipe construction method, and the sinking pipe tunnel construction method becomes one of the main engineering methods for the construction of modern large underwater tunnels. The construction method of the immersed tube tunnel is to fill water into a dock to balance internal and external water levels after prefabrication of a tube section is completed, start a dock gate to float and drag the tube section to a tunnel address, sink the tube section to a foundation trench which is dredged in advance in sequence, realize hydraulic docking and form a flexible joint, and then implement post-sand filling foundation and foundation backfill. The immersed tube tunnel construction steps mainly comprise immersed tube prefabrication, foundation trench dredging, immersed tube floating transportation, immersed tube sinking installation, immersed tube foundation treatment, backfilling and the like.
The sinking installation of the immersed tube joints is the key of successful construction of the immersed tube tunnel, and precise measurement of the position, the posture and the shape of the immersed tube joints is required. The position and posture measurement of the immersed tube joint is mainly carried out by a measuring tower method. The measuring tower positioning system is a modern measuring method combining optical measurement, global satellite navigation positioning system (GNSS) measurement and underwater measurement positioning technology, and supports floating, sinking and accurate installation of a sinking pipe by calibrating the relative position relationship between the measuring tower and the sinking pipe joint. In the floating immersed tube laying process, the positions of the measuring towers are obtained in real time by using total stations and GNSS-RTK modes through the geometric relation between the measuring towers and the immersed tube sections, which are marked in the immersed tube outfitting process, so that the positions of the submarine immersed tubes are obtained. However, under the influence of the runoff of the river, the measuring tower is continuously impacted by the water flow, and the measuring tower can deform. On the other hand, in the floating, sinking and installing processes of the immersed tube sections, the sea water density, the buoyancy and the tension of the immersed tube and the stress of the buttresses and the buttresses inhaul cables of the floating, sinking and installing integrated ship are continuously changed, so that the geometric shape of the immersed tube is changed, such as the upper arch or the lower arch of the central axis of the immersed tube, and the relative position of the pulling end of the measuring tower and the immersed tube sections is changed. The immersed tube joint pose positioning method based on the measuring tower can have errors. Therefore, in the process of floating, sinking and installing the immersed tube, the geometrical positional relationship between the GNSS receiver and the prism at the top of the measuring tower and the pulling and closing end of the immersed tube joint can be changed, so that the accuracy of the immersed tube installation is affected, and the geometrical deformation in the immersed tube sinking installation must be accurately measured.
Different from the traditional land engineering deformation precise measurement, the precise deformation measurement in the sinking pipe joint floating sinking amplifier installation process has the following characteristics: (1) the measuring object is a large hydraulic structure. The immersed tube section is large in size, taking the Kong-Zhu-Australian bridge tunnel as an example, the immersed tube section is about 180 meters in length, about 37 meters in width and about 11 meters in height, the immersed tube section is prone to moving in water, the movement rule is difficult to model, and the measuring accuracy is required to be submillimeter. (2) measuring the movement and irregular deformation of the object. The immersed tube joint is always in a motion state and is irregularly deformed under the influence of sea wave and water tank regulation in the floating, sinking and installing processes, and the deformation is difficult to accurately measure by directly using a high-precision measurement reference system on land. (3) the measurement process is unmanned. The immersed tube joint is in a closed state all the time within 10 days from floating to sinking, and the whole process is repeatedly subjected to water surface and underwater alternation, so that high-frequency measurement is required. (4) the measuring environment is complex. The immersed tube pipe joint is of a two-hole one-gallery structure, three water tanks are arranged in the middle of two holes and used for controlling sinking speed and depth, the internal structure is complex, the operation space is very limited, high-precision total stations and leveling instruments commonly used on land are difficult to arrange, and high-precision deformation measurement is directly carried out. The traditional precision engineering measurement method is difficult to meet the requirement of high-precision measurement of the geometric deformation of the immersed tube joint. Although the precision total station and the leveling instrument have high measurement precision, the requirements on the measurement environment and the station arrangement position are high, namely the measurement environment is relatively static, and the measurement instrument must be placed at a stable position to observe a target. The GNSS measurement requires continuous observation for a long time, and meanwhile, the measurement accuracy of the GNSS-RTK is generally in the order of centimeters, and it is difficult to achieve the measurement accuracy in the order of millimeters in a short time.
Accordingly, the prior art is still in need of improvement and development.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for measuring dynamic deformation in the construction process of a pipe joint of a immersed tunnel, and aims to solve the problem that the prior art cannot realize accurate deformation measurement of the pipe joint in the dynamic process.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a immersed tube tunnel tube coupling work progress dynamic deformation measurement method, wherein, the tube coupling includes left corridor, right corridor and is located middle corridor between left corridor and the right corridor, the inside bottom surface of tube coupling or top surface select the measurement section to constitute and measure the baseline, be provided with a plurality of measurement target on the measurement baseline, be located a plurality of double-end camera and a plurality of and the reference range sensor of measuring target position coincidence between the measurement target, the inside a plurality of range sensor that is provided with of tube coupling, range sensor measurement tube coupling inside top surface to the distance of bottom surface, tube coupling dynamic deformation measurement method includes the step:
based on two measuring targets at both ends of the measuring base lineThe quasi-target is used for constructing a visual reference line by adopting a visual transmission method, the position of each measuring target in the double-head camera is calculated by utilizing a plurality of static measuring results, and the initial values of horizontal deformation and vertical deformation are recorded as d respectively iv0 And d ih0 ；
Each ranging sensor measures the distance from the top surface to the bottom surface of the inner part of the pipe joint in a period of time under the static condition to serve as an initial value s of the current ranging position iO In the deformation measurement process, the actual measurement value is differenced from the initial value to obtain the change value delta z of the current point position i0 。
If the horizontal deformation data and the vertical deformation data of the measurement target measured by the double-head camera are d respectively v And d h The horizontal deformation value of the measurement target is delta d iv ＝d iv -d iv0 The deformation value in the vertical direction is delta d ih ＝d ih -d ih 0 ；
If the ranging sensor detects that the data of the corresponding target point is s i The change value of the deformation of the corresponding target point is deltas i ＝s i -s i0 The change value of the corresponding target point in the visual datum line is deltas i ＝s i -s i0 +Δz+Δz i0 ；
When the pipe joint is in dynamic deformation, a reference value is obtained by fusion calculation of measured values in a certain period of timeThe deformation value of the pipe joint in the dynamic process is as follows:
the method for measuring dynamic deformation in the construction process of the immersed tunnel pipe joint takes two measuring targets at two ends of a measuring base line of a corridor as reference targets, and the step of constructing a visual reference line in the pipe joint corridor by adopting a visual transmission method comprises the following steps:
acquiring the positions of a measurement target and a reference target through a double-head camera;
acquiring two measured values of any double-head camera i and a measuring target with a left-right adjacent distance L from left to right and from right to left according to the positions of the measuring target and a reference target, and calculating the pitching alpha gesture and the heading beta gesture of the double-head camera according to the difference between the two measured values;
after the pose of each facing of the double-head camera is calculated, the coordinates of each measuring target are obtained under a static environment by taking a reference target as a reference, and the coordinates are taken as visual reference lines by taking lines formed by the installation sequence of the double-head cameras.
The dynamic deformation measuring method for the immersed tube tunnel pipe joint construction process comprises the following steps of:wherein Δz is the elevation difference of the current camera in the z direction of the left and right adjacent measuring points, and Δy is the y-direction offset of the current camera in the left and right adjacent measuring points.
The beneficial effects are that: compared with the situation that the traditional static measurement cannot adapt to dynamic change, the invention provides a dynamic deformation measurement method in the construction process of the immersed tube tunnel pipe joint, which comprises the steps of firstly constructing measurement references through vision, realizing large-scale construction dynamic deformation measurement by combining static calibration, and providing a method for establishing and calculating the deformation point references.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the basic state of a immersed tunnel pipe joint according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal layout of a immersed tunnel pipe joint according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the pose of the dual-head camera after installation.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the calibration principle of the ranging sensor.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the gallery camera target mounting locations in example 1.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the installation position of the range finder in embodiment 1.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the results of measuring the amount of change and the rate of change of different surfaces of a pipe joint in example 1.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for measuring dynamic deformation in a construction process of a immersed tube tunnel joint, which aims to make the purposes, the technical scheme and the effects of the invention clearer and more definite, and is further described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The pipe joint of the immersed tunnel can be irregularly deformed in the movement process, and the deformation measurement precision requirement of the immersed tunnel can reach submillimeter. Since the conventional deformation measurement method requires stable measuring station, other points are measured by taking the measuring station as a reference point to evaluate deformation, but under the condition of unstable measuring station, the conventional method cannot accurately measure. On the other hand, the structural deformation of large members such as pipe joints is surface deformation, and cannot be characterized by measuring a certain section.
Based on the above, the invention provides a method for measuring dynamic deformation in a construction process of a pipe joint of a immersed tunnel, wherein the pipe joint comprises a left gallery, a right gallery and a middle gallery positioned between the left gallery and the right gallery, a measuring base line is formed by selecting a measuring section from the bottom surface or the top surface in the pipe joint, a plurality of measuring targets, a plurality of double-head cameras positioned between the measuring targets and a plurality of reference distance measuring sensors overlapped with the measuring targets are arranged on the measuring base line, a plurality of distance measuring sensors are arranged in the pipe joint, the distance measuring sensors are used for measuring the distance from the top surface to the bottom surface in the pipe joint, and the method for measuring dynamic deformation of the pipe joint comprises the following steps:
two measuring targets at two ends of the measuring base line are used as reference targets, a visual transmission method is adopted to construct a visual base line, multiple static measuring results are utilized to calculate the position of each measuring target in the double-head camera, and the initial values of horizontal deformation and vertical deformation are recorded as d respectively iv0 And d ih 0 ；
Each ranging sensor measures the distance from the top surface to the bottom surface of the inner part of the pipe joint in a period of time under the static condition to serve as an initial value s of the current ranging position i0 In the deformation measurement process, the actual measurement value is differenced from the initial value to obtain the change value delta z of the current point position i0 。
If the horizontal deformation data and the vertical deformation data of the measurement target measured by the double-head camera are d respectively v And d h The horizontal deformation value of the measurement target is delta d iv ＝d iv -d iv0 The deformation value in the vertical direction is delta d ih ＝d ih -d ih 0 ；
If the ranging sensor detects that the data of the corresponding target point is s i The change value of the deformation of the corresponding target point is deltas i ＝s i -s i0 The change value of the corresponding target point in the visual datum line is deltas i ＝s i -s i0 +Δz+Δz i0 ：
In the flotation and sedimentation stages, the pipe joint is in dynamic deformation, and a reference value is obtained by adopting the fusion calculation of measured values in a certain period of timeThe deformation value of the pipe joint in the dynamic process is as follows: />
The dynamic deformation measurement method for the immersed tube tunnel pipe joint construction process provided by the invention comprises two parts, namely visual deformation measurement and laser deformation measurement, wherein the visual deformation measurement adopts a double-head camera combined measurement target technology, and the laser deformation measurement adopts a multi-ranging sensor networking measurement technology. The invention realizes large-scale construction of dynamic deformation measurement by constructing a visual measurement datum line and combining static calibration, and provides a datum establishment and calculation method for each deformation point.
Specifically, the immersed tube sections can be changed in geometric dimension according to different requirements, the height is generally about 11 meters, the width is about 37-45 meters according to the number of lanes, and the length is 100-200 meters. Taking the pipe joint shown in fig. 1 and 2 as an example, the pipe joint comprises a left corridor, a right corridor and an intermediate corridor between the left corridor and the right corridor, wherein the intermediate corridor is an escape and pipeline channel, and the left corridor and the right corridor are traffic lanes. After the pipe joint is docked, two ends of the pipe joint are sealed, water tanks for adjusting the pressure during sinking are respectively arranged in the front, the middle and the back of the inside of the left gallery and the right gallery, and measuring towers are arranged at two ends of the pipe top and two sides of the central line of the pipe joint. The bottom surface of middle corridor is provided with the measurement baseline, be provided with a plurality of measurement targets on the measurement baseline, be located a plurality of double-end camera and a plurality of and the reference range finding sensor of measuring target position coincidence between the measurement target, the bottom surface of left corridor, right corridor all is provided with a plurality of range finding sensor, range finding sensor and reference range finding sensor joint measurement can realize coordinate unification conversion.
As shown in fig. 2, the positions of the measurement target and the reference target are acquired by using double-head cameras, the measurement target performs displacement conversion with the reference target as a reference, and the deformation transmission measurement is realized by using the common target obtained by measurement by using a plurality of double-head cameras. Imaging the measurement targets into a point in a camera coordinate system, extracting sub-pixel precision center points by using an image processing technology to represent the positions of the measurement targets, and measuring to obtain the position p of each measurement target c (x i ，y i ，z i ) In practice, x is the measurement target/dual head camera mounting position, which is a fixed value. That is, the position p of each double-head camera or measuring target can be obtained after the double-head camera and the measuring target are installed c (x i ，y i ，z i ) At the moment, the position of each measuring target in the double-head camera can be calculated by utilizing a plurality of static measuring results, and the initial value of horizontal deformation and the initial value of vertical deformation are recorded as d respectively iv0 And d ih0 。
As shown in fig. 3, a dual-head camera is installed with a certain posture, mainly heading and pitching, and for the dual-head camera, deviation is generated in y and z directions, and the reference target position is set as p 0 (x 0 ，y 0 ，z 0 ) Measuring target position p n (x n ，y n ，z n ) For known quantity, any double-head camera i can obtain two measurement values from left to right and from right to left of a measurement target with the adjacent distance L from left to right, and the difference between the two measurement values can be used for calculating the pitching alpha and the heading beta of the camera, and the corresponding formulas of the pitching alpha and the heading beta of the camera are as followsThe method comprises the following steps:wherein Δz is the elevation difference of the current camera in the z direction of the left and right adjacent measuring points, and Δy is the y-direction offset of the current camera in the left and right adjacent measuring points. After the pose of each facing of the double-head camera is calculated, the coordinates of each measuring target are obtained under a static environment by taking a reference target as a reference, and the coordinates are taken as visual reference lines by taking lines formed by the installation sequence of the double-head cameras.
And calibrating the relation between all the ranging sensors and the reference ranging sensor in a static environment, and converting all the ranging sensor data into a unified coordinate system based on calibration. As shown in FIG. 4, the point A is on the visual reference line, the joint calibration is performed through the pipe joint prefabricated field control network, the calibration can be performed according to the point by measuring the rest of the ranging sensors, and the reference positions p of all the ranging sensors in the visual measurement coordinate system can be obtained after the calibration l (x i ，y i ，z i ) And the relative differences deltax, deltay, deltaz of the sides and the corresponding targets can be obtained. The difference between the z of the ranging sensor on the same cross section and the corresponding reference ranging sensor on the base line is obtained to obtain delta z i0 Then average calculating the reference value of each ranging sensor as the distance initial value s of the ranging sensor by using the ranging value in static state for a period of time i0 ；
In this embodiment, the horizontal deformation data and the vertical deformation data of the measurement target measured by the double-head camera are d v And d h The horizontal deformation value of the measurement target is delta d iv ＝d iv -d iv0 The deformation value in the vertical direction is delta d ih ＝d ih -d ih 0 The deformation value in the horizontal direction can be used for calculating the deformation of the heading of the pipe joint, and the deformation value in the vertical direction can be used for calculating the deformation of the pitch of the pipe joint.
In this embodiment, the data of the corresponding target measured by the ranging sensor is s i The change value of the deformation of the corresponding target point is deltas i ＝s i -s i0 The change value of the corresponding target point in the visual datum line is deltas i ＝s i -s i0 +Δz+Δz i0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The ranging sensor detects the change value of the corresponding target point and reflects the relative deformation trend of the upper top surface and the lower top surface of the pipe joint.
In the embodiment, the change data deltas of the measurement target and the ranging sensor in the unified coordinate system at any moment can be obtained by measurement i 、Δd iv 、Δd ih And delta s is a deformation value of the upper top surface and the lower top surface measured by a distance measuring sensor, delta d is a deformation value of the tube section in the central line direction measured visually, and the deformation values are required to be calculated according to different requirements because the calculation requirements of different sections of the immersed tube on the deformation are not completely consistent. The pipe joint basically keeps static in the dock and is slightly deformed under the influence of seawater, the first deformation measurement requirement after the pipe joint is calibrated is met, and deltas and deltad are deformation values. In the floating and sinking stages of the pipe joint, the deformation reasons are not completely consistent, and the measured value in the previous stage is required to be used as an initial reference. Because the pipe joint is always in dynamic deformation in the floating and sinking stages, the measurement reference of the pipe joint cannot be obtained through a static calibration method, and the characteristic of slow floating and sinking movement of the pipe joint and long deformation period of the pipe joint are considered, the measurement value fusion calculation in a certain period of time is adopted to obtain the reference value: the deformation value of the pipe joint in the dynamic process is as follows:
in this embodiment, the relative deformation amounts of the plurality of positions of the pipe joint are obtained by the above measurement, and the section deformation analysis and the pipe joint overall deformation analysis can be performed based on the measurement data. Wherein, the section deformation analysis can respectively calculate the middle vertical section, the head end cross section and the middle end cross section by measuring the data of the target and the ranging sensor,the amount of deformation of the tail end cross section is denoted as p; the distance between the two corresponding distance measuring sensors is d, and the calculation formula is as follows:and calculating the deformation rate corresponding to the deformation quantity, namely the deformation gradient and the angle corresponding to the gradient. The deformation gradient can reflect the gradient of the measuring tower, so that the deformation degree of the section is calculated. Three-dimensional modeling of pipe joint deformation can be performed with TIN modeling according to a plurality of points reached by measurement and analysis.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
example 1
Taking the measurement of pipe joint deformation of deep and medium channels as shown in fig. 5-6 as an example, the pipe joint is about 160 meters long, about 45 meters wide and about 11 meters high, 6 measuring cameras are arranged in the medium corridor, 10 targets are arranged, and 17 ranging sensors are arranged at key positions.
In the embodiment, the deformation h of the bottom surface of the pipe joint with the measuring camera is measured i1 A distance measuring sensor is adopted to measure the deformation h caused by the upper top surface and the lower bottom surface i2 . As shown in fig. 5, the visual measurement array cameras are arranged on the gallery in the pipe joint to measure and monitor the deformation of the lower bottom surface with high precision, and the theoretical precision of measuring the height difference by the camera target system is better than 0.1mm for a total of 3 groups of 6 cameras and 10 targets. The camera target system is mainly used for measuring the vertical deformation of a pipe joint bottom plate of the pipe joint on the longitudinal section of the middle gallery and is matched with the range finder to reflect the whole vertical deformation of the pipe joint.
The range finder system of the embodiment adopts a phase type high-precision range finder, and is provided with 17 range finders (range finding sensors), wherein the monitoring precision of the phase type high-precision range finder is better than 1mm. As shown in fig. 6, A1 to a11 are installed in the left gallery of the pipe joint, and B1 to B6 are installed in the right gallery of the pipe joint. 8 distance meters are arranged on the vertical section of the left gallery, which is close to the middle gallery. The three-dimensional section measuring device comprises 3 distance meters and 3 groups of cameras, wherein the 3 distance meters and the 3 groups of cameras are positioned on the same cross section, the three distance meters are mainly used for measuring the pipe joint monitoring standard measured by a camera target and the distance meter system, the two distance meters are connected, the two distance meters are used for measuring the consistency of the height difference result measured by the camera target system and the distance meter system result, and the three distance meters are used for measuring the vertical relative deformation of the pipe top of the pipe joint on the vertical section. In addition, 3 cross sections are also arranged, and 4 laser distance meters are respectively arranged on each cross section, and the main function of the laser distance meter is to measure the vertical relative deformation of the pipe top of the pipe joint on the cross sections. The monitoring result of the whole range finder system can reflect the deformation condition of the pipe joint pipe top.
The variation of different cross sections and vertical sections can be calculated according to the section surface shape variable and the variation rate calculation formula, as shown in fig. 7.
And calculating the distance between different positions and the deformation obtained by the calculation, and calculating the gradient radian and the angle generated by different types of variables through formulas (3) and (4), wherein the gradient radian and the angle are shown in the following table 1.
Table 1 variable and grade values corresponding to different positions
Based on the data in table 1, the deformation and slope changes of the middle vertical section, the head end cross section, the middle cross section and the tail end cross section can be further analyzed:
1) Deformation analysis of middle longitudinal section
From the results in Table 1, it can be seen that the deformation gradient between A1 and A2 and the deformation gradient between A9 and A10 are-0.03409% and 0.02615%, respectively, assuming that these two deformation change rates can represent the inclination of the base of the head-to-tail measuring towers, the GNSS antennas on the head-to-tail measuring towers are about 30m in height, thereby causing the GNSS antennas on the two measuring towers to be displaced about 1.3cm and 1.0cm respectively backward and forward, and the antenna spacing to be shortened by about 2.3cm. During immersed tube installation, the GNSS antenna spacing detected by the GNSS RTK is shortened by about 3.0cm, which illustrates that the inclination of the measurement tower can be reflected by the deformation gradients between A1, A2 and A9, A10.
2) Analysis of head end cross section deformation
By calculation, the deformation gradient between B2 and B1 is-0.00152%, and assuming that the deformation change rate can represent the inclination of the base of the measuring tower, the height of the GNSS antenna on the head-end measuring tower is about 30m, thereby causing the GNSS antenna on the measuring tower to displace about 0.06cm towards the directions B2 to B1.
3) Analysis of tail end cross section deformation
The deformation gradient between A10 and A11 is-0.05913%, provided that this deformation change rate can represent the inclination of the base of the measuring tower, the GNSS antenna on the tail measuring tower is about 30m in height, thereby causing the GNSS antenna on the measuring tower to displace about 2.3cm in the direction from A10 to A11. The head-tail GNSS antenna spacing is shortened by about 3.2cm, and the GNSS antenna spacing detected by the GNSS RTK is shortened by about 3.0cm, which is shown by A1 and A2; a9 and A10; b2 and B1; the gradient of deformation between a10, a11 can reflect the inclination of the measuring tower.
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the examples described above, but is capable of modification and variation in light of the above teachings by those skilled in the art, and that all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides a immersed tube tunnel tube coupling work progress dynamic deformation measurement method, its characterized in that, the tube coupling includes left corridor, right corridor and is located middle corridor between left corridor and the right corridor, the inside bottom surface of tube coupling or top surface select the measurement section to constitute and measure the baseline, be provided with a plurality of measurement target on the measurement baseline, be located a plurality of double-end camera and a plurality of and the benchmark range sensor of measuring target position coincidence between the target, the inside a plurality of range sensor that is provided with of tube coupling, range sensor measurement tube coupling inside top surface to the distance of bottom surface, tube coupling dynamic deformation measurement method includes the step:
two measuring targets positioned at two ends of the measuring base line are used as reference targets, a visual transmission method is adopted to construct a visual base line, and multiple static measuring results are utilized to calculate that each measuring target is in a double-head phaseThe position in the machine is recorded as d respectively as the initial value of horizontal deformation and the initial value of vertical deformation iv0 And d ih0 ；
Each ranging sensor measures the distance from the top surface to the bottom surface of the inner part of the pipe joint in a period of time under the static condition to serve as an initial value s of the current ranging position i0 In the deformation measurement process, the actual measurement value is differenced from the initial value to obtain the change value delta z of the current point position i0 ；
If the horizontal deformation data and the vertical deformation data of the measurement target measured by the double-head camera are d respectively v And d h The horizontal deformation value of the measurement target is delta d iv ＝d iv -d iv0 The deformation value in the vertical direction is delta d ih ＝d ih -d ih0 ；
If the ranging sensor detects that the data of the corresponding target point is S i The change value of the deformation of the corresponding target point is deltas i ＝s i -s i0 The change value of the corresponding target point in the visual datum line is deltas i ＝s i -s i0 +Δz+Δz i0 Δz is the elevation difference of the current camera in the z direction of the left and right adjacent measuring points;
when the pipe joint is in dynamic deformation, a reference value is obtained by fusion calculation of measured values in a certain period of timeThe deformation value of the pipe joint in the dynamic process is as follows:
2. the method for measuring dynamic deformation of a immersed tube tunnel pipe joint construction process according to claim 1, wherein the step of constructing a visual reference line in the pipe joint corridor by adopting a visual transmission method by taking two measurement targets at two ends of a measurement base line of the corridor as reference targets comprises the steps of:
acquiring the positions of a measurement target and a reference target through a double-head camera;
acquiring two measured values of any double-head camera and a measuring target with a left-right adjacent distance L from left to right and from right to left according to the positions of the measuring target and a reference target, and calculating the pitching alpha gesture and the heading beta gesture of the double-head camera through the difference between the two measured values;
after the pose of each facing of the double-head camera is calculated, the coordinates of each measuring target are obtained under a static environment by taking a reference target as a reference, and the coordinates are taken as visual reference lines by taking lines formed by the installation sequence of the double-head cameras.
3. The method for measuring dynamic deformation in the construction process of the immersed tube tunnel pipe joint according to claim 2, wherein the formula for calculating the pitching alpha gesture and the heading beta gesture of the double-head camera by the difference between the two measured values is as follows:wherein Δz is the elevation difference of the current camera in the z direction of the left and right adjacent measuring points, and Δy is the y-direction offset of the current camera in the left and right adjacent measuring points.
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