CN113715418B - 一种泡沫夹芯复合板及其成型工艺 - Google Patents

一种泡沫夹芯复合板及其成型工艺 Download PDF

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CN113715418B
CN113715418B CN202111045039.1A CN202111045039A CN113715418B CN 113715418 B CN113715418 B CN 113715418B CN 202111045039 A CN202111045039 A CN 202111045039A CN 113715418 B CN113715418 B CN 113715418B
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foam core
foam
fabric layer
core materials
parallel
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CN113715418A (zh
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谈源
汤娟
别建伟
王瑞
张美珍
田磊
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Changzhou New Intelligent Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及复合材料技术领域，尤其涉及一种泡沫夹芯复合板及其成型工艺，复合材料包括：若干泡沫芯材，其平行于长度延伸方向的四个面上设置有若干通孔，通孔长度延伸方向垂直于泡沫芯材长度延伸方向；第一织物层，每一泡沫芯材外缠绕有第一织物层，第一织物层对泡沫芯材平行于长度延伸方向的四个面进行包裹；两第二织物层，平行设置，包裹有第一织物层的若干泡沫芯材排列于两第二织物层之间，若干泡沫芯材排列方向垂直于泡沫芯材长度延伸方向；第二织物层、第一织物层和泡沫芯材之间浸润有树脂，并固化成型。本发明中，大大增加了其结构强度和抗剪切强度，从而增加了泡沫夹芯复合板的整体性能，使得泡沫夹芯复合板能够适用于更多场景。

Description

一种泡沫夹芯复合板及其成型工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及复合材料技术领域，尤其涉及一种泡沫夹芯复合板及其成型工艺。
背景技术
现有的冷藏、保温车厢的箱板材料有两类，第一类为外层是金属结构、内部为金属骨架注入发泡材料；第二类中间为泡沫板、外层为玻璃纤维复合材料的“三明治”结构的材料，在越来越追求轻量化的过程中，第二类泡沫夹芯复合板越来越多的被使用。
传统的泡沫夹芯复合板主要是通过粘结剂把芯材和面板或蒙皮粘结在一起，由于泡沫芯材一般强度和刚度都较低，所以这种传统的泡沫夹芯复合板的刚度和强度也比较低，尤其是面板与芯材之间的界面强度以及整体的抗剪切强度，这就使得传统泡沫夹芯复合板的整体性能大大降低，限制了它的应用。
鉴于上述问题的存在，本设计人基于从事此类产品工程应用多年丰富的实务经验及专业知识，并配合学理的运用，积极加以研究创新，以期创设一种泡沫夹芯复合板及其成型工艺，使其更具有实用性。
公开于该背景技术部分的信息仅仅旨在加深对本发明的总体背景技术的理解，而不应当被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已为本领域技术人员所公知的现有技术。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种泡沫夹芯复合板及其成型工艺，从而有效解决背景技术中的问题。
为了达到上述目的，本发明所采用的技术方案是：一种泡沫夹芯复合板，包括：
若干泡沫芯材，若干所述泡沫芯材其平行于长度延伸方向的四个面上设置有若干通孔，所述通孔长度延伸方向垂直于所述泡沫芯材长度延伸方向；
第一织物层，每一所述泡沫芯材外缠绕有所述第一织物层，所述第一织物层对所述泡沫芯材平行于长度延伸方向的四个面进行包裹；
两第二织物层，两所述第二织物层平行设置，包裹有所述第一织物层的若干所述泡沫芯材排列于两所述第二织物层之间，若干所述泡沫芯材排列方向垂直于所述泡沫芯材长度延伸方向；
所述第二织物层、第一织物层和泡沫芯材之间浸润有树脂，并固化成型。
进一步地，所述第二织物层与包裹有所述第一织物层的每两个所述泡沫芯材之间设置有单向纱，所述单向纱对此处间隙进行填充，所述单向纱平行于所述泡沫芯材长度延伸方向。
进一步地，若干所述通孔在靠近所述泡沫芯材表面处设置有凹槽，所述凹槽在所述泡沫芯材表面为圆形，所述圆形直径大于所述通孔直径。
进一步地，所述凹槽从所述泡沫芯材表面向内为逐渐缩小的斜坡面或弧形面。
进一步地，所述第一织物层和所述第二织物层为碳纤维、玻璃纤维、芳纶纤维、玄武岩纤维中的任意一种或多种组成。
本发明还包括一种泡沫夹芯复合板成型工艺，包括如下步骤：
将若干泡沫芯材平行于长度方向的四个面进行打孔，并在每一个泡沫芯材上包裹第一织物层；
将包裹第一织物层后的若干泡沫芯材平行排列放置于一层第二织物层上，且在顶端铺设另一层第二织物层；
织物铺设完成后，整体放入真空袋中，进行抽真空并灌注树脂；
将织物连真空袋放入烘箱进行加热固化；
固化成型后冷却脱模，并对制件进行表面处理。
进一步地，在将包裹第一织物层后的若干泡沫芯材平行排列放置时，在每两个泡沫芯材之间的间隙处放置单向纱进行填充，其中单向纱平行于泡沫芯材的长度延伸方向。
进一步地，在对若干泡沫芯材平行于长度方向的四个面进行打孔时，在通孔两端靠近泡沫芯材表面处设置凹槽。
进一步地，对泡沫芯材打孔前，对泡沫芯材表面进行表面清洗；打孔后，对泡沫芯材表面及通孔内部碎屑进行清理。
本发明的有益效果为：本发明通过设置若干泡沫芯材、第一织物层和第二织物层，其中，在泡沫芯材的四个面设置若干通孔，在浸润树脂时，方便树脂流动，浸润效果好，且通孔内树脂固化成型后，能够对泡沫芯材进行支撑，增加其结构强度，在泡沫芯材外包裹第一织物层之后，再进行第二织物层的铺设，使得原先泡沫与蒙皮的粘结变为织物之间的固化成型，且第一织物层包裹于泡沫芯材上，树脂通过通孔将泡沫芯材与第一织物连成一个整体，大大增加了其结构强度和抗剪切强度，从而大大增加了泡沫夹芯复合板的整体性能，使得泡沫夹芯复合板能够适用于更多场景。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明中记载的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本实施例中织物铺设后的正面视图；
图2为泡沫芯材的结构示意图；
图3为凹槽为斜坡面时的示意图；
图4为凹槽为弧形面时的示意图；
图5为固化成型后的正面视图。
附图标记：1、泡沫芯材；11、通孔；12、凹槽；2、第一织物层；3、第二织物层；4、单向纱。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，属于“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或者位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或者位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体式连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接连接，也可以是通过中间媒介间接连接，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
如图1至5所示：一种泡沫夹芯复合板，包括：
若干泡沫芯材1，若干泡沫芯材1其平行于长度延伸方向的四个面上设置有若干通孔11，通孔11长度延伸方向垂直于泡沫芯材1长度延伸方向；
第一织物层2，每一泡沫芯材1外缠绕有第一织物层2，第一织物层2对泡沫芯材1平行于长度延伸方向的四个面进行包裹；
两第二织物层3，两第二织物层3平行设置，包裹有第一织物层2的若干泡沫芯材1排列于两第二织物层3之间，若干泡沫芯材1排列方向垂直于泡沫芯材1长度延伸方向；
第二织物层3、第一织物层2和泡沫芯材1之间浸润有树脂，并固化成型。
通过设置若干泡沫芯材1、第一织物层2和第二织物层3，其中，在泡沫芯材1的四个面设置若干通孔11，在浸润树脂时，方便树脂流动，浸润效果好，且通孔11内树脂固化成型后，能够对泡沫芯材1进行支撑，增加其结构强度，在泡沫芯材1外包裹第一织物层2之后，再进行第二织物层3的铺设，使得原先泡沫与蒙皮的粘结变为织物之间的固化成型，且第一织物层2包裹于泡沫芯材1上，树脂通过通孔11将泡沫芯材1与第一织物层2连成一个整体，大大增加了其结构强度和抗剪切强度，从而大大增加了泡沫夹芯复合板的整体性能，使得泡沫夹芯复合板能够适用于更多场景。
由于在泡沫芯材1外包裹第一织物层2后，泡沫芯材1的四条棱边可能会变成圆角，在将若干个包裹第一织物层2之后的泡沫芯材1平行排列时，每两个泡沫芯材1之间由于圆角的存在，从而在铺设第二织物层3时，第二织物层3在此处与两第一织物层2之间存在间隙，为了消除此处的间隙，在第二织物层3与包裹有第一织物层2的每两个泡沫芯材1之间设置有单向纱4，单向纱4对此处间隙进行填充，单向纱4平行于泡沫芯材1长度延伸方向，从而在后续树脂浸润固化成型后，不会产生空洞，从而影响产品质量。
在本实施例中，若干通孔11在靠近泡沫芯材1表面处设置有凹槽12，凹槽12在泡沫芯材1表面为圆形，圆形直径大于通孔11直径。
通过在通孔11靠近泡沫芯材1表面处设置有凹槽12，树脂浸润固化成型后，此处的树脂因为凹槽12的存在，会灌注成节状，使得泡沫夹芯复合板在受到载荷尤其是弯曲的载荷时，能够更好的进行传递，从而增加其结构强度，获得更好的抗弯曲强度和抗剪切强度。
其中，凹槽12可以设置为从泡沫芯材1表面向内为逐渐缩小的斜坡面或弧形面。
作为上述实施例的优选，第一织物层2和第二织物层3为碳纤维、玻璃纤维、芳纶纤维、玄武岩纤维中的任意一种或多种组成。
本实施例中还包括一种泡沫芯材1复合材料成型工艺，包括如下步骤：
将若干泡沫芯材1平行于长度方向的四个面进行打孔，并在每一个泡沫芯材1上包裹第一织物层2；
将包裹第一织物层2后的若干泡沫芯材1平行排列放置于一层第二织物层3上，且在顶端铺设另一层第二织物层3；
织物铺设完成后，整体放入真空袋中，进行抽真空并灌注树脂；
将织物连真空袋放入烘箱进行加热固化；
固化成型后冷却脱模，并对制件进行表面处理。
通过在泡沫芯材1平行于长度方向的四个面进行打孔，在浸润树脂时，方便树脂流动，浸润效果好，且通孔11内树脂固化成型后，能够对泡沫芯材1进行支撑，增加其结构强度，在泡沫芯材1外包裹第一织物层2之后，再进行第二织物层3的铺设，使得原先泡沫与蒙皮的粘结变为织物之间的固化成型，且第一织物层2包裹于泡沫芯材1上，树脂通过通孔11将泡沫芯材1与第一织物层2连成一个整体，大大增加了其结构强度和抗剪切强度，从而大大增加了泡沫夹芯复合板的整体性能，使得泡沫夹芯复合板能够适用于更多场景。
在本实施例中，在将包裹第一织物层2后的若干泡沫芯材1平行排列放置时，在每两个泡沫芯材1之间的间隙处放置单向纱4进行填充，其中单向纱4平行于泡沫芯材1的长度延伸方向。
由于在泡沫芯材1外包裹第一织物层2后，泡沫芯材1的四条棱边可能会变成圆角，在将若干个包裹第一织物层2之后的泡沫芯材1平行排列时，每两个泡沫芯材1之间由于圆角的存在，从而在铺设第二织物层3时，第二织物层3在此处与两第一织物层2之间存在间隙，为了消除此处的间隙，在第二织物层3与包裹有第一织物层2的每两个泡沫芯材1之间设置有单向纱4，单向纱4对此处间隙进行填充，单向纱4平行于泡沫芯材1长度延伸方向，从而在后续树脂浸润固化成型后，不会产生空洞，从而影响产品质量。
作为上述实施例的优选，在对若干泡沫芯材1平行于长度方向的四个面进行打孔时，在通孔11两端靠近泡沫芯材1表面处设置凹槽12。
通过在通孔11靠近泡沫芯材1表面处设置有凹槽12，树脂浸润固化成型后，此处的树脂因为凹槽12的存在，会灌注成节状，使得泡沫夹芯复合板在受到载荷尤其是弯曲的载荷时，能够更好的进行传递，从而增加其结构强度，获得更好的抗弯曲强度和抗剪切强度。
其中，对泡沫芯材1打孔前，对泡沫芯材1表面进行表面清洗，防止有异物；打孔后，对泡沫芯材1表面及通孔11内部碎屑进行清理，防止碎屑残留，对固化成型的树脂强度造成影响。
本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (9)

1.一种泡沫夹芯复合板，其特征在于，包括：
若干泡沫芯材，若干所述泡沫芯材其平行于长度延伸方向的四个面上设置有若干通孔，所述通孔长度延伸方向垂直于所述泡沫芯材长度延伸方向；
第一织物层，每一所述泡沫芯材外缠绕有所述第一织物层，所述第一织物层对所述泡沫芯材平行于长度延伸方向的四个面进行包裹；
两第二织物层，两所述第二织物层平行设置，包裹有所述第一织物层的若干所述泡沫芯材排列于两所述第二织物层之间，若干所述泡沫芯材排列方向垂直于所述泡沫芯材长度延伸方向；
所述第二织物层、第一织物层和泡沫芯材之间浸润有树脂，并固化成型。
2.根据权利要求1所述的泡沫夹芯复合板，其特征在于，所述第二织物层与包裹有所述第一织物层的每两个所述泡沫芯材之间设置有单向纱，所述单向纱对此处间隙进行填充，所述单向纱平行于所述泡沫芯材长度延伸方向。
3.根据权利要求1所述的泡沫夹芯复合板，其特征在于，若干所述通孔在靠近所述泡沫芯材表面处设置有凹槽，所述凹槽在所述泡沫芯材表面为圆形，所述圆形直径大于所述通孔直径。
4.根据权利要求3所述的泡沫夹芯复合板，其特征在于，所述凹槽从所述泡沫芯材表面向内为逐渐缩小的斜坡面或弧形面。
5.根据权利要求1所述的泡沫夹芯复合板，其特征在于，所述第一织物层和所述第二织物层为碳纤维、玻璃纤维、芳纶纤维、玄武岩纤维中的任意一种或多种组成。
6.一种泡沫夹芯复合板成型工艺，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
将若干泡沫芯材平行于长度方向的四个面进行打孔，并在每一个泡沫芯材上包裹第一织物层；
将包裹第一织物层后的若干泡沫芯材平行排列放置于一层第二织物层上，且在顶端铺设另一层第二织物层；
织物铺设完成后，整体放入真空袋中，进行抽真空并灌注树脂；
将织物连真空袋放入烘箱进行加热固化；
固化成型后冷却脱模，并对制件进行表面处理。
7.根据权利要求6所述的泡沫夹芯复合板成型工艺，其特征在于，在将包裹第一织物层后的若干泡沫芯材平行排列放置时，在每两个泡沫芯材之间的间隙处放置单向纱进行填充，其中单向纱平行于泡沫芯材的长度延伸方向。
8.根据权利要求6所述的泡沫夹芯复合板成型工艺，其特征在于，在对若干泡沫芯材平行于长度方向的四个面进行打孔时，在通孔两端靠近泡沫芯材表面处设置凹槽。
9.根据权利要求8所述的泡沫夹芯复合板成型工艺，其特征在于，对泡沫芯材打孔前，对泡沫芯材表面进行表面清洗；打孔后，对泡沫芯材表面及通孔内部碎屑进行清理。
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CN210390356U (zh) * 2019-07-11 2020-04-24 山东中航泰达复合材料有限公司 一种保证产品平面度的复合材料泡沫夹芯结构
JP6840277B1 (ja) * 2020-02-25 2021-03-10 株式会社すぎはら 積層板の製造方法
CN212765145U (zh) * 2020-06-03 2021-03-23 武汉海威船舶与海洋工程科技有限公司 Z向增强防护型复合材料夹芯结构
CN111873595A (zh) * 2020-08-26 2020-11-03 中复连众(安阳)复合材料有限公司 泡沫夹芯复合结构的制备方法及其结构

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