CN113714644B - Laser welding method for brass and red copper - Google Patents
Laser welding method for brass and red copper Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113714644B CN113714644B CN202111153601.2A CN202111153601A CN113714644B CN 113714644 B CN113714644 B CN 113714644B CN 202111153601 A CN202111153601 A CN 202111153601A CN 113714644 B CN113714644 B CN 113714644B
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- Prior art keywords
- brass
- welding
- red copper
- laser
- tin
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/32—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/009—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a non-absorbing, e.g. transparent, reflective or refractive, layer on the workpiece
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/12—Copper or alloys thereof
Abstract
The invention relates to a laser welding method of brass and red copper, which comprises the following steps: (1) Placing the red copper to be welded above the brass, arranging a layer of tin sheet or tin paste between the red copper and the brass, and compacting the welding position; (2) The laser beam focus irradiates on the upper surface of red copper, and the welding is carried out by a heat conduction mode. According to the technical scheme, the laser can only directly heat the red copper, heat is transferred to the brass through heat conduction, a tin sheet or tin paste is added in the middle of the brass red copper to serve as a heat conduction material, the heat conduction effect is better, after the brass and the tin are melted, copper-tin alloy is formed, a large amount of zinc in the brass is dissolved in the copper-tin alloy to be fused to form tin bronze, zinc steam can be effectively prevented from overflowing, meanwhile, zinc can improve the fluidity of the alloy, the crystallization temperature range is reduced, reverse segregation is lightened, the brass red copper and the tin bronze can be firmly welded together, and the strength can reach more than 100kgf.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of laser welding, and particularly relates to a laser welding method of brass and red copper.
Background
Copper and brass are two different materials, the zinc content of brass is relatively large, the melting point of copper is 1083.4 ℃, the melting point of zinc is 419.5 ℃, the boiling point is 907 ℃, the melting point of tin is 231.89 ℃, and the boiling point is 2260 ℃. When a conventional Gaussian beam fiber laser is used for welding, copper is easy to melt just during welding, and the boiled zinc vapor overflows, so that the welding surface splashes and overflows.
At present, the laser industry does not provide a suitable solution for stitch welding of brass (under) and red copper (over), seam welding, T-shaped welding and fillet welding, and the welding effect is also rough in surface effect, poor in appearance and low in strength due to zinc vapor in the brass. The existing laser welding can realize the laser welding of brass on the upper part and copper on the lower part, but the strength and the appearance effect are not very good.
In the prior art, the effect of stitch welding red copper (on) and brass (under) can be realized by resistance welding, but the effects of seam welding, T-shaped welding and fillet welding cannot be realized.
In view of the foregoing, there is a need for a laser welding method for brass and red copper, which can weld red copper above brass, has a good welding appearance effect, and effectively improves welding strength.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the laser welding method for the brass and the red copper, which can realize the welding of the red copper above the brass, has good welding appearance effect and effectively improves the welding strength.
The above purpose is realized by the following technical scheme: a laser welding method of brass and red copper, comprising the following steps:
(1) Placing the red copper to be welded above the brass, arranging a layer of tin sheet or tin paste between the red copper and the brass, and compacting the welding position;
(2) The laser beam focus irradiates on the upper surface of red copper, and the welding is carried out by a heat conduction mode.
According to the technical scheme, the laser can only directly heat the red copper, heat is transferred to the brass through heat conduction, a tin sheet or tin paste is added in the middle of the brass red copper to serve as a heat conduction material, the heat conduction effect is better, after the brass and the tin are melted, copper-tin alloy is formed, a large amount of zinc in the brass is dissolved in the copper-tin alloy to be fused to form tin bronze, zinc steam can be effectively prevented from overflowing, meanwhile, zinc can improve the fluidity of the alloy, the crystallization temperature range is reduced, reverse segregation is lightened, the brass red copper and the tin bronze can be firmly welded together, and the strength can reach more than 100kgf.
The further technical scheme is that the light spot at the optical fiber outlet of the laser welding equipment adopted in the step (2) is a flat-top light beam. Therefore, by adopting the flat-top light spot technology of square or round large light spots which are generally applied to laser quenching in a large range at present, the light spot power emitted by the optical fiber is uniformly distributed, unlike Gaussian beams, the center power is high, the edge power is low, and the welding effect is ensured.
The further technical scheme is that in the step (1), a clamp is adopted to clamp the red copper to be welded.
According to a further technical scheme, in the step (2), a flat-top light beam emitted by a welding head of the laser welding equipment and a heating surface of red copper to be welded are 70-80 degrees. Thus, the burning of the optical fiber due to the reflection of the laser back to the optical fiber by the high reflection effect of copper can be prevented.
The laser welding device is a semiconductor laser or a fiber laser.
According to a further technical scheme, after the laser welding equipment sends out the light beam in the step (2), the laser welding equipment stops heating the red copper at the initial position for a preset time, then moves along the welding direction at a preset speed, and stops sending out the light beam after the welding is finished.
According to a further technical scheme, the thickness of the tin sheet or the tin paste is 0.08-0.15 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the laser welding adopted by the invention is non-contact welding, single-sided continuous welding, and can automatically move, and is superior to resistance welding, because the laser equipment is non-contact with the product, the wide-range red copper brass welding can be realized, and the high-strength welding of two materials with great difference of brass and red copper, including seam welding, T-shaped welding and fillet welding, is realized; the invention effectively solves the technical problems of rough surface effect, poor appearance and low strength caused by zinc vapor in brass overflowed from the welding surface to splash in the prior art, and the welding has good welding appearance effect and effectively improves the welding strength.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention.
Fig. 1 is a golden phase diagram of a product welded by a laser welding method of the invention heating brass and red copper according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, is given by way of illustration and explanation only, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention in any way. Furthermore, the features in the embodiments and in the different embodiments in this document can be combined accordingly by a person skilled in the art from the description of this document.
The embodiment of the invention is as follows, referring to fig. 1, a laser welding method of brass and red copper, comprising the following steps:
(1) Placing the red copper to be welded above the brass, arranging a layer of tin sheet or tin paste between the red copper and the brass, and compacting the welding position;
(2) The laser beam focus irradiates on the upper surface of red copper, and the welding is carried out by a heat conduction mode.
According to the technical scheme, the laser can only directly heat the red copper, heat is transferred to the brass through heat conduction, a tin sheet or tin paste is added in the middle of the brass red copper to serve as a heat conduction material, the heat conduction effect is better, after the brass and the tin are melted, copper-tin alloy is formed, a large amount of zinc in the brass is dissolved in the copper-tin alloy to be fused to form tin bronze, zinc steam can be effectively prevented from overflowing, meanwhile, zinc can improve the fluidity of the alloy, the crystallization temperature range is reduced, reverse segregation is lightened, the brass red copper and the tin bronze can be firmly welded together, and the strength can reach more than 100kgf.
Based on the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, a light spot at an optical fiber outlet of the laser welding apparatus used in the step (2) is a flat-top light beam. Therefore, by adopting the flat-top light spot technology of square or round large light spots which are generally applied to laser quenching in a large range at present, the light spot power emitted by the optical fiber is uniformly distributed, unlike Gaussian beams, the center power is high, the edge power is low, and the welding effect is ensured.
In another embodiment of the present invention, in the above embodiment, a clamp is used to clamp the red copper to be welded in the step (1).
Based on the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, in the welding in the step (2), a heating surface of a flat-top light beam emitted by a welding head of the laser welding device and the red copper to be welded is 70-80 °. Thus, the burning of the optical fiber due to the reflection of the laser back to the optical fiber by the high reflection effect of copper can be prevented.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the laser welding apparatus is a semiconductor laser or a fiber laser.
In another embodiment of the present invention, after the laser welding apparatus emits the beam in the step (2), the laser welding apparatus stops heating the red copper at the initial position for a predetermined time, then moves along the welding direction at a predetermined speed, and stops emitting the beam after the welding is completed.
Based on the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the tin sheet or the tin paste is 0.08-0.15 mm.
In order to better illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, a specific embodiment of the present invention is provided herein:
taking copper after 1.5mm and brass after 4mm as an example, the copper is welded again, the brass is arranged below, the laser welding equipment is more than 2kw, the semiconductor laser or the optical fiber laser, and the light spot at the outlet of the optical fiber is a flat-top light beam, namely the power of the whole light spot is required to be uniformly distributed.
1. Mounting red copper and brass on a clamp, and filling a tin sheet with the thickness of 0.1mm in the middle of the clamp to tightly press a welding position;
2. the welding head of the laser welding equipment is inclined by about 10 degrees (compared with the vertical direction), so that the phenomenon that the optical fiber is burnt out due to the high-reflection effect of copper and the laser is reflected back to the optical fiber can be prevented, and the laser power parameters are set;
3. the laser spot with square light spots or large circular light spots is adopted, the laser focus position is arranged on the upper surface of the red copper, after the laser emits light, the laser pauses at the initial welding position, the red copper is heated to the light emitting position to be red, the red iron block is just like the red iron block, and the laser head immediately moves along the welding line direction; after the welding is finished, the laser stops emitting light.
4. After welding, the welded product is subjected to bending test, red copper is broken, and the welded part is free from cracking. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the metallographic effect is shown in FIG. 1, the upper layer is copper, the lower layer is brass, the copper and the brass are tightly attached, zinc air holes are formed (large black circles in the drawing), and black lines in the drawing are boundary lines of the joint surfaces of the brass and the copper.
5. And (3) the tearing effect test of seam welding shows that the tearing position has brass particles adhered to red copper, so that the welding effect is good, and the surface of the product is free from splashing.
6. Product strength test, weld area in the range of 48 square millimeters, test strength has been greater than 100kgf.
Of course, there will be differences in parameters for materials of different thickness. According to the experiment, the technical problems of rough surface effect, poor appearance and low strength caused by zinc vapor in brass overflowing from the welding surface to splash in the prior art are effectively solved, and the welding has good welding appearance effect and effectively improved welding strength.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A laser welding method of brass and red copper, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Placing red copper to be welded above brass, arranging a layer of tin sheet or tin paste between the red copper and the brass, and compacting the welding position, wherein the thickness of the tin sheet or tin paste is 0.08-0.15 mm;
(2) The laser beam focus irradiates on the upper surface of the red copper, and welding is carried out in a heat conduction mode, wherein the laser welding equipment stops at an initial position for a preset time to heat the red copper after emitting the light beam, then moves along a welding direction at a preset speed, and stops emitting the light beam after the welding is finished.
2. The method for laser welding brass and copper according to claim 1, wherein the spot at the outlet of the optical fiber of the laser welding apparatus used in the step (2) is a flat-top light beam.
3. The method for laser welding brass to copper according to claim 2, wherein the copper to be welded is clamped by a clamp in the step (1).
4. The method for laser welding brass and red copper according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the flat-top light beam emitted by the welding head of the laser welding device and the heating surface of the red copper to be welded are 70-80 degrees during the welding in the step (2).
5. The method for laser welding brass and copper according to claim 4, wherein the laser welding device is a semiconductor laser or a fiber laser.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111153601.2A CN113714644B (en) | 2021-09-29 | 2021-09-29 | Laser welding method for brass and red copper |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111153601.2A CN113714644B (en) | 2021-09-29 | 2021-09-29 | Laser welding method for brass and red copper |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113714644A CN113714644A (en) | 2021-11-30 |
| CN113714644B true CN113714644B (en) | 2023-07-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202111153601.2A Active CN113714644B (en) | 2021-09-29 | 2021-09-29 | Laser welding method for brass and red copper |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001015242A (en) * | 1999-06-29 | 2001-01-19 | Oki Electric Cable Co Ltd | Connecting method of insulating core wire to connector terminal by laser irradiation |
| CN103567637A (en) * | 2012-07-18 | 2014-02-12 | 艾默生环境优化技术公司 | Method of joining two components together by means of welding process |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02251384A (en) * | 1989-03-25 | 1990-10-09 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Method for mutual joining copper or copper alloy |
| WO1992000828A1 (en) * | 1990-07-12 | 1992-01-23 | Nippondenso Co., Ltd. | Method of welding metals of different kind by laser |
| JP2005118826A (en) * | 2003-10-16 | 2005-05-12 | Denso Corp | Brazing method |
| CN103056522A (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2013-04-24 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空制造工程研究所 | Nozzle capable of preventing reflectional burning during laser processing |
| CN106158369B (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2018-03-16 | 浙江台州特总电容器有限公司 | A kind of capacitor terminal |
| CN111922513B (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2022-07-05 | 武汉华工激光工程有限责任公司 | Laser welding beam shaping optimization device |
-
2021
- 2021-09-29 CN CN202111153601.2A patent/CN113714644B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001015242A (en) * | 1999-06-29 | 2001-01-19 | Oki Electric Cable Co Ltd | Connecting method of insulating core wire to connector terminal by laser irradiation |
| CN103567637A (en) * | 2012-07-18 | 2014-02-12 | 艾默生环境优化技术公司 | Method of joining two components together by means of welding process |
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| CN113714644A (en) | 2021-11-30 |
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